This study aims to seek trainee Educational Psychologists’ (EPs) views about their experiences of using Video Enhanced Reflective Practice (VERP) to support the development of consultation and peer supervision skills. VERP is a new pedagogical approach. Limited research has focused on professionals’ experiences of using VERP, alongside exploring the supervisors’ views regarding VERP. Trainee EPs’ are studying a doctoral training course to become qualified EPs. Participants engaged in three cycles of VERP reflecting upon their practice, using video clips of themselves. An action research design was implemented and views from trainee EPs’ and the Video Interaction Guidance (VIG) supervisor were sought, using semi-structured interviews. A form of thematic analysis was used in order to analyse the data. Findings suggest that VERP was generally a positive experience for trainees and their experiences highlighted the impact of observing themselves in practice, as oppose to retrospective reflection. Trainee EPs’ acknowledged factors to consider within a ‘shared review’, their experiences of being filmed and using technology: the strengths and the challenges of which are considered. The findings are discussed in relation to the existing literature surrounding VERP and the potential limitations are also considered, whilst highlighting implications for educational psychology professional practice and research.

This study explores the possibilities of incorporating Bharathanatyam into the Roman Catholic Holy Mass in South India to enhance the liturgy. This thesis argues from the stand point of theology of inculturation, Pope’s encyclicals and Vatican I and II documents on culture, liturgy and the Church. It also looks into the history of the use of dance in the liturgy. A study is undertaken on Bharathanatyam to show that this is one of the Indian indigenous art forms with appropriate dance techniques to interpret the Gospel and the related messages effectively and creatively. The theology of dance discussed in this thesis forms the base for liturgical dance. This will help the congregation for active participation, to celebrate the Holy Mass more meaningfully and to make it relevant to their context. This thesis answers many questions in regard to liturgical dance. During the research, it is found that when the culture is integrated into the liturgy, it is not only the liturgy that can transform the culture but the culture can also transform the liturgy. The incorporation of Bharathanatyam in the Holy Mass can bring transformation in the local communities by bridging the gaps between the religious communities, caste identities and gender.

During the course of the Parliamentary debates about Catholic emancipation in 1829, around 120 original, single sheet prints were published in London on the topic of Catholic Relief, at which point it was almost the sole subject of visual satire. This was the first time in living memory that a debate around toleration and the relationship between temporal and spiritual authority had been conducted on such a wide reaching scale. On 3 February 1829 the King, George IV, the head of the Anglican Church, had introduced Roman Catholic Relief in his speech for the opening of the 1829 Parliamentary session. By 13 April 1829 an Act to grant Roman Catholics civil liberty was given Royal Assent, revoking laws that prevented non-Anglicans from holding public office. This had followed four failed attempts to introduce Catholic Relief in the 1820s which had also prompted satirical image making, but never on the same scale. This thesis analyses for the first time the extensive body of prints produced in 1821-9 that relate to debates around Relief and addresses the questions: why were images produced, why were they predominately single sheet etchings, and who was so interested in Catholic emancipation as to be buying them in such quantities?

Denna studie har för avsikt att finna optimala värden i reflektionsdjup och stråldjup genom att undersöka hur dess numeriska värde påverkar nivån av realism med avseende på reflektion och refraktion i en visuellt realistisk 3Dscen och hur det kan balanseras med en begränsad renderingstid. En ökad insikt i denna process kan ge 3D-artister en större förståelse för reflektionsdjup och stråldjupets påverkan i förhållanden till renderingstider. Genom ett experiment har deltagare utan erfarenhet av 3D-produktion fått bedöma realismen på 3D-producerade bilder. Deltagarna upplevde det som svårt att avgöra huruvida en bild upplevs som mer realistisk än andra. Detaljer som ljus, skuggor och reflektioner var avgörande vid bedömningarna. Studien visar att parametrarna reflektionsdjup och stråldjup är avgörande för att uppnå realism, dock finns en risk att ett för högt värde ger lägre nivå av realism. Det framkommer även att reflektionsdjup och stråldjup har en betydande inverkan på renderingstiden.

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This thesis documents a research and art project that explores the creative value of using constraints in film. The starting point is the Ouvroir de Littérature Potentielle (Oulipo), the Potential Workshop of Literature, whose members explore the Potential of Literature by writing with constraints, and the films of the early twentieth century avant-garde, which demonstrate the promise of experimentalism in cinema. From these points of inspiration, the idea of using constraints to explore the potential of a field is transferred to film. As the practice of filmmaking with constraints is yet to be fully formalised and currently lacks substantial academic recognition, this thesis presents a theorisation of constraint filmmaking as a creative practice that cuts across cinematic genres and already established areas of filmmaking practice – those of short, feature, and documentary film. The cinematic work emerging from the Ouvroir de Videographie Potentielle (Ouvipo), the Potential Workshop of Video, and the movement of Dogme 95, are shown to be influential in the theorisation of constraint filmmaking practice, and several other examples of constraint films across cinema will be addressed to show how the use of constraints can enhance a filmmaker’s creativity. The thesis is accompanied by three constraint films: Project Cube, A Day in your Life, and Tales and Tellers, which were made in adherence to the stages of the constraint filmmaking process. Project Cube is an exploration of mathematically inspired constraints and is grounded in the idea of permutation. Twelve shots are used to create several different films, with their order being determined by the rolling of dice. A Day in Your Life focuses on the interplay between linguistic constraints and their visual counterparts, reality and fiction, and past and present. Tales and Tellers is a project that shows the power of images, as fairy tales from participants are illustrated in moving images, using constraints to create these pictures. These short films demonstrate both my theorisation of constraint filmmaking as a practice that can be adopted by other artists also, and my journey from Potential Literature to Potential Film.

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An essay about my graduation project Hotel - four illuminated short stories, concerning the different ways of telling a story through text or through pictures, and what happens when you combine them.

Visualising the Insivible is a project whose final materialization reflects upon our connection with information and how it can immediately affect the way we view the world beyond and around us. Throughout my research and the development of this project, several “meta-words” relevant to this project had to be considered: respect, dignity, integrity and information accuracy, thus redefining a challenge within a challenge and, more concretely, the need to contemplate upon a topic of our time that happens to influence politics and society alike, locally, but with a global effect and long term impact. With this project, the role of the visual communicator is highlighted in a different way. His or her role becomes an agent in itself, a curator of information, a journalist, an invisible activist. The role of the designer and the purpose of design as it is commercially perceived is questioned, challenged and confronted.

Over the course of six chapters, this thesis documents colour cinema in Scotland between 1896-1906, focusing on three locations: Aberdeen, Inverness and Edinburgh. Chapter One sets out the scope of the thesis, and defines the terms ‘colour’, ‘cinema’ and ‘place’. An overview of the relevant existing literature is then provided, tracing the evolution of the historiography of Scottish cinema and that of early colour film more widely. This chapter argues that ideologically charged historiographies have largely dismissed or marginalised both Scottish cinema and early colour film; the former deemed irrelevant, and the latter juvenile or crude. Chapter One concludes with a discussion of the historiographic principles upheld in “New Cinema History”, drawing attention to the pertinence of such principles for this thesis’s methodology. Chapter Two profiles prominent colour film technologies and techniques that were in use between 1896-1906, and is split into six sections: coloured lights, tinting, toning, hand-painting, stencilling and Kinemacolor. Chapter Three focuses on early cinema in Aberdeen, in particular Walker & Company, and their experiments with hand- painted films and coloured lights. Walker & Company purchased and hand-painted Up the Nile, the Way to Atbara (1899) to conjure imperialist sentiment; produced and hand- painted The Great Fire of Bridge Place (1899) as a polemic against Aberdeen Council; and experimented with coloured lights on film in spectacular and innovative ways. Chapter Four addresses early cinema in Inverness, focusing on the town’s only filmmaker and exhibitor: John Mackenzie. Mackenzie dismissed painted films because they jarred with his aesthetic principles as a serious photographer. Furthermore, the serpentine dance was locally condemned as immoral, thus rendering the widely popular hand-painted film versions of this routine as a subversive force. Chapter Four concludes with a discussion of Mackenzie’s filmic representations of the Highlands, and how they dramatically changed once he accepted an offer of employment from the Charles Urban Trading Company in 1903. Chapter Five documents early cinema in Edinburgh, highlighting the colourful sensorial environments within which early local film exhibitions took place; the conspicuous presence of stereoscopy and colour photography in early cinema; and the influence of Edinburgh’s rich pantomime traditions on local exhibitors. Chapter Six stresses the importance of this thesis, and its potential ramifications for future research.