Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:34:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ricardo Bastelli.pdf: 978010 bytes, checksum: 1c87ef2cf9546369903bdf0e5ffa7c0d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-05 / The present dissertation has as a theme the criminal protection of the minority and of the vulnerable groups. The study initiates with the conceptualization of the term minority and its distinction related to the vulnerable groups, having as foundation the international treaties and the study conducted by United Nations. Thereafter, it accomplish the criminal protection analyses conferred to the minority and vulnerable groups, either in the international plan defining the international crimes, just like the duty assumed by the Brazilian State in criminalize the conduct of violation to the human rights of the minority , or in the intern plan, describing the legal instruments that secure many kind of groups. Finally, assayed the foundation of the criminal protection in the dogmatic and criminological aspects, to conclude about its relative aptitude in accomplish the minority rights. / A presente dissertação tem como tema a tutela penal das minorias e dos grupos vulneráveis. O estudo tem início com a conceituação do termo minoria e a sua diferenciação em relação aos grupos vulneráveis, tendo por fundamento os tratados internacionais e os estudos realizados no âmbito da Organização das Nações Unidas. Em seguida, empreende-se a análise da proteção penal conferida aos grupos minoritários e vulneráveis, tanto no plano internacional definindo os crimes internacionais, bem como as obrigações assumidas pelo Estado brasileiro em criminalizar as condutas de violação aos direitos humanos das minorias , quanto no plano interno, descrevendo os instrumentos legais que tutelam os mais diversos grupos. Por fim, examina-se os fundamentos da tutela penal das minorias, nos aspectos dogmáticos e criminológicos, para concluir acerca da sua relativa idoneidade em efetivar os direitos das minorias.

<p>The purpose of this essay is to investigate how people can return from a marginalized position and become a part of society. Also how a model for returning from a marginalized position should be formed. The intention is to make a contribution to those in society that are helping people to return from marginalized positions. The survey is based on 5 thematic qualitative interviews on individuals that have returned from homelessness, criminality, drug abuse and prostitution. The main results of the investigation are that those who took part in it started their role exit with a turning point. After that they decided that they had to change their life. They then started their road back to society by separating themselves from the negative things that their former role resulted in. Thereafter they started to adapt to a life in society. To interpret the empirical material I used “The role exit process” made by Helen Rose Fuchs Ebaugh (1988). Since I found that her model could not be used to fully understand stigmatized role changes like the ones that marginalized people go through, I changed the model. This investigation’s empirical material has been interpreted through that modified process of the role exit.</p>

The purpose of this essay is to investigate how people can return from a marginalized position and become a part of society. Also how a model for returning from a marginalized position should be formed. The intention is to make a contribution to those in society that are helping people to return from marginalized positions. The survey is based on 5 thematic qualitative interviews on individuals that have returned from homelessness, criminality, drug abuse and prostitution. The main results of the investigation are that those who took part in it started their role exit with a turning point. After that they decided that they had to change their life. They then started their road back to society by separating themselves from the negative things that their former role resulted in. Thereafter they started to adapt to a life in society. To interpret the empirical material I used “The role exit process” made by Helen Rose Fuchs Ebaugh (1988). Since I found that her model could not be used to fully understand stigmatized role changes like the ones that marginalized people go through, I changed the model. This investigation’s empirical material has been interpreted through that modified process of the role exit.

Background: Smokingprevalencein Serbiaishighbothamonggeneralandvulnerable populations.Interventionsshouldbeevidencebasedandinlinewithneedsofeachpopulation group. Thehighestprevalenceofsmokingisamongvulnerablegroups,whereinterventions beyondthoseaimedatgeneralpopulationarerequired.Aims: Toanalyzeandcompare smokingprevalenceanditspatterns,exposuretotobaccosmokeandtheircorrelatesamong generalpopulationandvulnerablegroupsandtoidenitfygapsandneedsformonitoringand policy.Materialandmethods:Secondaryanalysisofdataobtainedthroughdifferentsurveys implementedin2013and2014wasconducted. Databasesfromthreegeneralpopulation surveysandsixsurveysamongselectedvulnerablegroups(prisoners, menhavingsexwith men,sexworkers,peoplelivingwithHIV,Romayouth,institutionalizedchildren)wereused. Results:Datashowhighsmokingprevalenceamongadults(34.7%)withgenderdifferences. Lowersocioeconomicstatusisthestrongestfactorassociatedwithsmokingamongadults. Smokingprevalenceisthehighestintheagegroup35-45years(47.0%).AmongSerbian youth,perceivedavailabilityandbeingtaughtinschoolabouttobaccoareimportantcorrelates ofsmoking. Morethanhalfofadultsandyouthareexposedtotobaccosmokeatvarious places.SmokingissociallyhighlyacceptableinSerbiansocietyandriskperceptionisatlow level....

The objective of the paper was to monitor and to evaluate the project of a civic association MESADA, which is one of the possibilities of how to reduce the unemployment rate and it deals with the issue of employing persons who have been unemployed for a long time. These people are mostly low educated, health handicapped, to old or to young without experience or members of ethnic minority. The aim of project is to provide these individuals with better work opportunities and to improve their social status because they are more likely to become socially deprived. Research was carried out in a civic association MESADA. Data for the paper were obtained by the interview method and by the document analysis.

Doctor Legum - LLD / The objective of this doctoral thesis is essentially two-fold: first, it seeks to ascertain whether the rights and freedoms of Muslim women in the contexts of marriage and divorce are adequately protected in terms of Islamic jurisprudence, and secondly, whether any valuable lessons could be learnt in this regard by South Africa based on the specific legal experiences of two (other) African jurisdictions, notably Morocco and Tunisia.

Satisfactory public transportation (PT) should enable people to reach attractive destinations and desired activities fast, comfortably, safely, and affordably. When PT fails to do so it will have negative effects on the overall accessibility in a society. Evaluating a PT system essentially means measuring to what extent the demand from the users is met, and for such an analysis understanding the concept of accessibility is paramount. Whether an individual will experience a high or a low level of accessibility will likely depend on their personal capabilities, as well as on the surrounding environment. Barriers obstructing an individual from using PT could for example be of physical of phycological nature or come in the shape of public space management disproportionally favoring certain groups of society. Low accessibility can thus be linked to social exclusion, since when a person cannot reach important destinations, their chances to participate in society will be subdued. To measure the accessibility of a PT system, and how a PT system affects the overall accessibility of a destination, it is common practice to use indicators that can represent different categories of social exclusion. This approach was the basis for constructing the performance measurement tool called Bus Stop Ranking Algorithm (BSRA) which was created in the QGIS application Graphical Modeler. BSRA calculates the usefulness of bus stops by counting the number of vulnerable groups, the number of workplaces, and the total population within comfortable walking distance from bus stops, as well as comparing travel times by car and bicycle from residential areas to important locations. The tool was ordered by a private PT company which will use it to make decisions regarding e.g., creating new bus stops, or for relocating, removing, or redesigning existing bus stops or bus routes. The Swedish municipality Lidingö was used as the study area to demonstrate how to use BSRA and how to interpret its output. Using equal weights for all indicators, it was discovered that 9 bus stops in the southern part of Lidingö could be regarded as particularly useful compared to the other 207 bus stops in the municipality. Variables such as the space-temporal component, i.e., changes during the day were not used. Socio economic factors such as segregation were also not highlighted, since all indicators had the same effect on the total scores. Adjusting the weights for some indicators could expose underlying dynamics affecting the total scores for the bus stops and help the PT company make design changes where they will be needed the most.

Legal regulation of the status of persons with special needs in the EU Asylum directives (Abstract) By the very nature of their status, applicants for international protection and recognized refugees are among the most vulnerable persons. Within this group, there is also a subgroup of persons with special problems, risks and needs that make them even more vulnerable. This subgroup of persons with special needs is provided special protection within the Common European Asylum System (CEAS). The foundation of this special protection consists of three legal acts commonly referred to as asylum directives - the Reception directive, the Qualification directive and the Procedural directive, adopted between 2003 and 2005 The legal status of persons with special needs is an important topic in the current discussion on the amendments to the Asylum directives and the general development of the CEAS system. The Dissertation "Legal regulation of the status of persons with special needs in EU Asylum directives" has an ambition to contribute to this core discussion on the future content of the European asylum acquis. The paper analyses EU regulations and related national laws relevant to the treatment of this group of applicants for international protection as defined in art. 17 para. 1 of the Reception directive. Based on...

Epidemiology analysis of the effect of air pollution on health at regional scale MUDr. Eva Rychlíková ABSTRACT Work involves a health impact assessment of the air pollution of aerosol particles at the some important steps. It describes evidence on air pollution exposure in vulnerable groups of population and searches for the effects. An exposure is a component of causal chains of diseases coming from external origin. And just because it is the main condition. If there is no exposure, there is no health risk. For a possibility to prevent disease we need to know an exposure. We investigated exposure with an activity questionaire in the three groups of population whose would be to the environmental factors, mainly air pollution, vulnerable. The personal exposure was monitored in a group of children. In preparing the questionnaire, we respect the recommendation of US EPA and WHO. Sensitivity is determined by the properties of the organism, specific period of its evolution, lifestyle and behaviour, the circumstances under which exposure to pollution occurs. We evaluated the effects on health which included short-time mortality, long-time mortality and respiratory morbidity in children.The air pollution and its development were evaluated in the Ustecky Region, Region of Prague and Moravskoslezsky region. The...

No description available.