With the coming of the web a brand new type of client-server applications based on standard web technologies has started to appear. These technologies are available on an overwhelming majority of client stations and don't need any additional software to be installed. As a result web applications have gained popularity among both users and developers and are currently deployed not only on the Internet, but also on company intranets. Considering present expansions of such applications it is important to summarize tested and approved approaches usable in their design. And it is this particular work that describes the chosen design patterns applicable in web applications development and demonstrates their usage on both concrete existent systems and a custom sample application.

This work deals with the design and implementation of a web application for playback and annotation of multimedia data from files in BAG format. The created annotations are intended for training artificial intelligence in robotic systems. The resulting application is implemented with the help of React library for creating the user interface and framework Django for the server-side REST API. The entire application is containerized using Docker. This work describes the BAG format, analyzes modern libraries for creating web applications and introduces existing solutions for data annotation or playback of BAG files. Furthermore, the design of the application is presented and its implementation is described. A separate library rosbag_pyreader, which is used to read BAG files with random access, was created as part of this work. The resulting application allows user to display and annotate 2D and 3D data from multiple robotic sensors at the same time and then export the annotations in JSON format.

The development of Progressive Web Applications (PWAs) as opposed to Native Applications (NAs) has experienced a significant shift in recent years in the mobile application market. PWAs are more and more common since they are affordable, simple to use, and cross-platform compatible. Even so, there is an ongoing discussion and lacking research about which application can deliver a better user experience, which is what this thesis aimed to research. This was accomplished by developing two identical applications, one PWA and one NA, and comparing them in terms of responsiveness. Responsiveness was quantified by measuring the complexity in terms of computational time for each functionality within each application. The applications were developed using the two React frameworks named React JS and React Native, for the PWA and NA, respectively. Thus, the main comparison was between these two frameworks, and not PWAs and NAs in general. The goal is to help developers decide which application out of the two is more suitable, depending on the possible functionalities that their application is considered to have. The functionalities that were chosen were all different but deemed to be relevant to the functionalities present in some of the largest mobile applications. Functionalities relevant to social media were chosen, such as image and tweet searching. Additional functionalities include geolocation and a word counter. The former was chosen for the prevalence of geolocation-based applications, while the latter was chosen as a means to compare the computational power of each application. The results showed that the PWA was considerably more capable when it came to executing the image search word counter, and tweet search functionality, as it was able to render and handle the data considerably faster than the NA. When it came to the geolocation functionality, however, the NA was the faster application. / Utvecklingen av Progressiva webbapplikationer (PWAs) jämfört med nativa applikationer (NAs) har genomgått en betydande förändring de senaste åren på mobilapplikationsmarknaden. PWAs blir allt vanligare eftersom de är prisvärda, enkla att använda och kompatibla över olika plattformar. Trots det pågår det en kontinuerlig diskussion och brist på forskning om vilken typ av applikation som kan leverera en bättre användarupplevelse, vilket är det forskningsämne som denna avhandling syftar till att undersöka. Detta åstadkoms genom att utveckla två identiska applikationer, en PWA och en NA, och jämföra dem med avseende på responsivitet. Responsivitet kvantifierades genom att mäta komplexiteten i form av beräkningstid för varje funktionalitet inom varje applikation. Applikationerna utvecklades med hjälp av de två React-ramverken React JS och React Native, för PWA respektive NA. Således var huvudjämförelsen mellan dessa två ramverk och inte generellt mellan PWAs och NAs. Målet är att hjälpa utvecklare att bestämma vilken av de två applikationerna som är mest lämplig, beroende på vilka funktionaliteter deras applikation förväntas ha. De valda funktionaliteterna var olika men ansågs vara relevanta för funktionaliteterna i några av de största mobilapplikationerna. Funktionaliteter relaterade till sociala medier valdes, såsom bild- och tweetsökning. Ytterligare funktionaliteter inkluderar geolokalisering och en ordräknare. Den förstnämnda valdes på grund av utbredningen av geolokaliseringsbaserade applikationer, medan den senare valdes som ett sätt att jämföra beräkningskraften hos varje applikation. Resultaten visade att PWA var betydligt mer kapabel när det gällde att utföra bildsökning, ordräknare och tweetsökning, eftersom den kunde rendera och hantera data betydligt snabbare än NA. När det kom till geolokalisering var dock NA den snabbare applikationen.

Idag så är webbapplikationer och så kallade hemsidor väldigt vanliga i alla typer av branscher. Alla företag och organisationer verkar ha minst en hemsida och/eller webbapplikation där de kan presentera sina idéer eller sälja sina produkter. Utbudet på webbapplikationer samt användningsvanan hos gemene man leder till att kraven på webbapplikationen avseende snabbhet och användarvänlighet har blivit högre. En undersökning som utfördes av Mercury News visar att om en hemsida tar mer än 3 sekunder att ladda så är risken hög att användaren överger sidan. Detta understryker hur viktigt det är med en snabb laddningstid. Denna studie fokuserar på hur en webbapplikation kan optimeras avseende laddningstid och användarvänlighet samt hur resultatet påverkar användares upplevelse vi användning av applikationen. Studien är baserad på en webbapplikation som är skriven med programmeringsspråket JavaScript och ramverket React.JS. Webbapplikationen använder sig av Unity som backend och Firebase som molnlagringsplattform. Optimeringsmetodiken är dock generell och kan därför även tillämpas på applikationer som är uppbyggda med olika teknologier, språk och ramverk. Studiens uppbyggnad är en litteraturstudie som används för att gagna den kunskap som behövs för att göra ett sådant projekt. Därefter en fallstudie som går igenom de exakta stegen som användes för att optimera webbapplikationens kodbas och till sist testas resultatet både av författaren och av olika ”icke tekniska” användare i en enkätundersökning. Den här studien visar på att det är av betydande skillnad för användaren när en webbapplikation är mer optimerad. / Today, web applications and so-called websites are very common in all types of industries. Every company and organization seem to have at least one website and/or web application where they can present their ideas or sell their products. The abundance of web applications and the common usage among users has led to higher demands for faster loading speeds and better user experiences of the web application. The Mercury News writes that if a website takes more than 3 seconds to load, there is a high risk of the user abandoning the page. [8] This reinforces how important it is to have a fast-loading time. This study focuses on how a web application can be optimized in terms of loading time and user experience, and how the result affects users’ opinions about the application. The study is based on a web application written in the JavaScript programming language and the React.JS framework. The web application uses Unity as its backend and Firebase as its cloud storage platform. However, the optimization methodology is general and can therefore be applied to applications built with different technologies, languages, and frameworks. The study is structured as a literature study that is used to gain knowledge about how to carry out the project. Then a case study is presented that goes through the exact steps used to optimize the web applications codebase. Finally, the results are tested by both the researcher and various “non-technical” individuals. The results of this study show that it makes a significant difference for the user when a web application is more optimized.

This work examines how Deep Learning(DL) are integrated with a specific web application. It is performed by creating various artifacts that examine the integration of a specific web application with DL. This is done with regards to future expansion of functionality and the value it offers to the stakeholders. The insights that arise during the work are communicated to the stakeholders through weekly meetings throughout the process. The paper ends with a conclusion that is based on the insight’s that are gained during the work. The conclusion is that the best method is the combination of two of the artifacts. A REST service developed in the Python language that can determine if an image contains animals or not. This REST service I used in an external program that works towards the same object storage that the system does. The program reads images from the storage and tests whether they are empty or not with through the REST-service. Pictures that are classified as empty will be removed from the systems object storage.

The purpose of this study was to examine how a web application can be designed with focus on different appeal and functionality features to increase trust. This was examined through the development of a peer-to-peer car renting web application. When developing a web application, an important aspect is to meet the needs and demands of the users. Therefore, understanding why and how users develop trust for a web application by implementing different features is crucial. Because of this, four different versions were implemented where either functionality, appeal or both were high or low. The versions were referred to as "low functionality and low appeal", "high functionality and high appeal", "high functionality and low appeal" and lastly "low functionality and high appeal". For each version, eight different test subjects were given tasks to perform on the web application while using the Think Aloud Procedure. Afterwards they were asked to fill out ananonymous survey where they rated different statements evaluating functionality and appeal according to the Likert scale. The results implied that both functionality and appeal are important factors regarding users trust for a web application. Furthermore, the results implied that the appeal of a web application had greater impact on the test subjects experienced trust than the functionality. Lastly, this study can provide recommendations for future web developers to create a trustworthy and user-friendly web applications that both attracts and retains users. / Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur en webbapplikation kan designas med fokus på olika attraktiva och funktionella funktioner för att öka förtroendet. Detta undersöktes genom utvecklingen av en biluthyrningswebbapplikation. När man utvecklar en webbapplikation är en av de viktiga aspekterna att möta användarnas behov och krav. Därför är det avgörande att förstå varför och hur användare utvecklar förtroende för en webbapplikation genom att implementera olika funktioner. För detta syfte utvecklades fyra olika versioner där antingen funktionalitet, attraktivitet eller båda var höga eller låga. Versionerna benämndes "låg funktionalitet och låg attraktivitet", "hög funktionalitet och hög attraktivitet", "hög funktionalitet och låg attraktivitet" och slutligen "låg funktionalitet och hög attraktivitet". För varje version fick åtta olika testpersoner utföra uppgifter på webbapplikationen medan de använde Think Aloud-proceduren. Därefter ombeddes de att fylla i en anonym undersökning där de betygsatte olika uttalanden som utvärderade funktionalitet och attraktivitet enligt Likert-skalan. Resultaten antydde att både funktionalitet och attraktivitet är viktiga faktorer när det gäller användarnas förtroende för en webbapplikation. Dessutom antydde resultaten att webbapplikationens attraktivitet hade större påverkan på testpersonernas upplevda förtroende än funktionaliteten. Slutligen kan denna studie ge rekommendationer till framtida webbutvecklare för att skapa tillförlitliga och användarvänliga webbapplikationer som både attraherar och behåller användare.

The growth of the web increased dramatically when users were provided with applications that let them use just their browser to post and edit content on the World Wide Web. Offering users the ability to use their browser to create their own web applications, instead of just posting text and images, would cause another Internet evolution. This thesis describes the EXPPO system (Extensible Page Productions and Operations), a web application development environment for both end-users and technical-users. EXPPO leverages the end-user's previous experience with internet browsers by using a page based development experience or a Page Oriented Architecture. Because applications are structured in this architecture, components used in one application can be re-used by another, providing end-users with functionality that was created by more technical users. This thesis demonstrates how the EXPPO development environment can be used to create functionally rich web applications.

Cybersecurity is an expanding and prominent field in the IT industry. As the amount of vulnerabilities and breaches continue to increase, there is a need to properly test these systems for internal weaknesses in order to prevent intruders proactively. Penetration testing is the act of emulating an adversary in order to test a system’s behaviour. However, due to the amount of possible vulnerabilities and attack methods that exists, the prospect of efficiently choosing a viable weakness to test or selecting a fairly adequate attack method becomes a cumbersome task for the penetration tester. The main objective of this thesis is to explore and show how the semantic data concept of Knowledge Graphs can assist a penetration tester during decision-making and vulnerability analysis. Such as providing insight to attacks a system could experience based on a set of discovered vulnerabilities, and emulate these attacks in order to test the system. Additionally, design aspects for developing a Knowledge Graph based penetration testing system are made and discussions on challenges and complications for the combined fields are also addressed. In this work, three design proposals are made based on inspiration from Knowledge Graph standards and related work. A prototype is also created, based on a penetration testing tool for web applications, OWASP ZAP. Which is then connected to a vulnerability database in order to gain access to various cybersecurity related data, such as attack descriptions on specific types of vulnerabilities. The analysis of the implemented prototype illustrates that Knowledge Graphs display potential for improving data extracted from a vulnerability scan. By connecting a Knowledge Graph to a vulnerability database, penetration testers can extract information and receive suggestions of attacks, reducing their cognitive burden. The drawbacks of this works prototype indicate that in order for a Knowledge Graph penetration testing system to work, the method of extracting information needs to be interfaced in a more user-friendly manner. Additionally, the reliance on specific standardizations create the need to develop several integration ­modules.

Att genom simuleringar få en förståelse för hur en stötdämpares inställningar påverkar dess egenskaper kan leda till förbättrad väghållning, ökad trafiksäkerhet samt snabbare varvtider på racerbanan. Genom att visualisera de simulerade data för att ge användare en uppfattning om hur inställningarna på stötdämparen kommer att bete sig i praktiken.Det här arbetet hade som mål att utforma en databas som efterliknar en stötdämpares egenskaper samt att visualisera dessa egenskaper på en webbsida. Kravinsamling gjordes genom intervjuer med experter och information införskaffades via litteraturstudier. Utifrån insamlade krav och fallstudier utvecklades en relationsdatabas som innehåller information om en dämpares komponenter och uppbyggnad samt ett visualiseringsverktyg där egenskaperna hos dämparen visualiserades på en webbsida. Databasen och visualiseringsverktyget sammanfogades sedan till en prototyp för att möjliggöra simulering av en dämpares egenskaper på webben.Resultatet av fallstudierna visade att databashanteringssystemet MySQL och grafbiblioteket Chart.js var bäst lämpade för prototypen utifrån de insamlade kraven. Funktionaliteten av protypen validerades av projektets uppdragsgivare och felmarginalen för simuleringarna var under 1%. Detta implicerar att databasmodellen som tagits fram håller god kvalitet och att resultatet visualiseras på ett korrekt och förståeligt sätt. / By perform simulations to achieve an understanding of how a shock absorbers setting affect its characteristics could result in improved road holding, increased roadworthiness and faster lap times at the racetrack. By visualizing the simulated data, users can get an understanding in how the settings on the shock absorber will behave.This work had as a goal to design a database that mimic a shock absorbers characteristic and to visualize these characteristics on a website. Requirements was gathered through interviews with experts and information was procured through literature studies. From the gathered requirements and case studies a relational database, that contain information about a shock absorbers components and construction, was developed. A visualization tool to visualize the characteristics of a shock absorber was also developed. The database and the visualization tool where then joined to create a prototype for simulating a shock absorbers characteristic on the web.The result from the case studies indicated that the database management system MySQL and the graph library Chart.js was best suited for the prototype, based on the collected requirements. The functionality of the prototype was validated by the client and the margin of error for the simulation was below 1%. This implies that the database model that has been produced is of good quality and that the visualization of the result is presented in a correct and apprehensible manner.

В данной работе рассмотрен процесс разработки программного модуля для автоматизации задач планирования деятельности компании, а именно: построение диаграммы Ганта, расчет временных характеристик задач. Выполнен сравнительный анализ инструментов для разработки веб-приложений и платформ для сетевого планирования. Разработанный модуль рассчитывает даты раннего и позднего начала выполнения задачи, даты раннего и позднего окончания задачи, а также определяет резервы времени на ее выполнение, является кроссплатформенным и легко расширяемым. / In this paper, the process of developing a software module for automating the tasks of planning company's activities is considered, namely: building a Gantt chart, calculating time tasks characteristics. A comparative analysis of tools for the development of web applications and platforms for network planning is performed. The developed module calculates time parameters of the early and late start of a task, and time parameters of the early and late end of a task, and also determines the time reserves for its execution, the developed module is a cross-platform and also an easily extensible one.