Thesis (M.F.A.)--University of North Texas, Aug., 2007. / Title from title page display. Includes bibliographical references.

L’adaptation psychosociale des enfants issus de la guerre représente un enjeu pour l’établissement scolaire et pour les familles. Souvent abordés dans une perspective d’apprentissage global, les processus d’adaptation scolaire spécifiques aux enfants traumatisés de guerre sont peu analysés. La variabilité de l’adaptation psychosociale de ces enfants invite à considérer le rôle des facteurs internes qui leur sont spécifiques et les autres facteurs externes qui dépendent de leur entourage, à savoir la famille et le milieu scolaire. Les points de vue de ces enfants sur leur bien-être psychosocial et l’opinion des éducateurs sur leur situation scolaire reflètent des caractéristiques susceptibles d’expliquer cette variabilité dans le contexte d’une résilience ainsi définie suite aux travaux de Boris Cyrulnik (1999, 2001, 2002, 2003) comme « la capacité d’une personne, d’un groupe, de se développer bien, de continuer à se projeter dans l’avenir en présence d’événements déstabilisants, de traumatismes sérieux, graves, de conditions de vie difficiles. » Dans le contexte de la guerre dévastatrice de juillet 2006 entre Hezbollah et Israël, cette étude vise à rechercher les facteurs internes et externes qu’adoptent les élèves des classes primaires, se trouvant dans des écoles à la frontière avec Israël, pour faire face à un agent stressant brutal et souvent répétitif ou à un traumatisme prolongé. Cette étude cherche à évaluer les contributions respectives de ces facteurs à leur adaptation scolaire. La dynamique de scolarisation de ces élèves a été appréhendée à travers les opinions des éducateurs et leur regard vis-à-vis de ces enfants qui reprennent le chemin de l’école pour suivre et terminer à temps un même cursus conçu pour toutes les écoles sur le territoire libanais. Leurs perceptions des attitudes éducatives, de la structuration des pratiques éducatives vont influencer les conduites des élèves. Les analyses de corrélations entre les ressources internes des enfants et les ressources sociales, à savoir une résilience familiale et scolaire élevée, nous amènent à postuler que le soutien de toute la communauté (famille, école, réseau social) semble constituer des facteurs protecteurs pour les enfants ayant vécu le traumatisme de la guerre. L’enfant protégé par sa famille aura également besoin d’une protection par son école, lieu de scolarisation et carrefour de socialisation, pour compléter le processus de résilience et empêcher un décrochage scolaire précoce. / The psycho-social adaptation of children of war represents a challenge for the school and their families. Often addressed from a perspective of global learning, school adaptation processes specific to traumatized children in war are shortly analysed. The variability of the psychosocial adaptation of children invited the present research to consider the role of factors internal and specific to the children and external factors that depend on others, namely the family and the school environment. The views of children on their psychosocial well-being and the opinion of educators on their school situation reflect characteristics that may explain the variability in the context of fortitude as well defined as Boris Cyrulnik (1999, 2001, 2002, 2003). Researched in the context of the devastating July 2006 war between Hezbollah and Israel, this study will identify the internal and external factors adopted, by 313 students in primary classes in schools on the border with Israel, to face a stressful, brutal and often repetitive or prolonged trauma. This study will also assess contributions respective of these factors to their school adaptation. The dynamics of education of these students was apprehended through the views of educators and of these children who, when back to school, follow and finish in time the same curriculum designed for the entire Lebanese territory. Perceptions of educational attitudes, the structuring of educational practices will influence the lives of students. Our analysis shows correlations between internal resources. It leads us to postulate that the support of the Community (family, school, social network) appears to offer protective factors for children who have experienced the trauma of the war. The child protected by their family will also need protection by the school, the place of schooling and socialization crossroads, to complete the process of resilience and to prevent an early school drop-out.

The purpose of this study is to analyze recommended programs for developing child security in wartime. Attention is given, also, to the opinions expressed by contemporary psychiatrists and educators, as to ill and possible good effects of the war on the mental hygiene of the elementary school child.

The overall purpose with this study is to analyse the challenges, it’s causes and effects, in the Ugandan education sector and the national education policies. In order to do so there is a need to describe the socio-political background of the current situation in Uganda, and in particular the Northern region. The development of Uganda as a country is important to contrast with the Northern region and it’s special circumstances, which is done through out the theses. It has been necessary to emphasise both social (cultural) and formal (academic) education in order to get a complete picture of the distortion and challenges in the education policies and it’s implementation as well as challenges in the overall development of the country.Nationally, it appears that Uganda is struggling to find policy, practice and methods, and it seems clear that Ugandan educationists will have a lot to do. The Education policy makers and implementing technocrats are yet to develop a real plan of action for both quality world-class social and academic education. The broader challenge for Uganda, however, is the central one: Uganda will need an education plan that will address itself to the fundamental activity of “Making the Nation”. It will mean investing correctly and efficiently in human resource development to produce national intellectuals and efficient work force dedicated to values and aspirations of the country, instead of production of tribal intellectuals, politicians and semi-skilled labour force.The key words for this research is Uganda, education, challenges and war affected children.

In this diploma thesis with the title Children in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia I try to look at war period through children's eyes. At first I focus on children of Czech then German, Jewis and finaly Roma origin. I constantly deal with events, institutions and places that have essentially influenced their lives. In chapter about Czech children I pay attention to their education, Curatorium for youth education in Bohemia and Moravia, internment camps, the fate of children whose parents were imprisoned or executed and children from Lidice and Ležáky. In connection to German children I also don't forget the project Kinderlandverschickung. Next chapters deals with children of Jewish and Roma origin, their persecution and concentration camps. I attempt to capture daily reality of children in this period and in last two chapters deal with children's relationships with their parents and with other children.

Sexual violence perpetrated against women during armed conflicts represents a severe violation of their fundamental human rights. This heinous act not only inflicts significant harm on the women themselves but also results in the birth of children conceived due to wartime rape. Previous research has marked that children born of war encounter various forms of discrimination, stigma, neglect, abuse, and sometimes limited access to education and healthcare. As a vulnerable group, children born of war often have single mothers who have experienced sexual violence, resulting in potential lack of support from their family and communities. This paper investigates the circumstances and obstacles faced by children born of war but also what is necessary to properly support these children, according to the five organisations interviewed. It shines light on the need for comprehensive support systems to address their specific needs in the future, such as the urgent need for early interventions and psychological support, along with providing children born of war the opportunity to connect with their biological heritage to foster a sense of identity amongst others.

La investigación ha abordado los contactos oficiales y extraoficiales entre España y la Unión Soviética durante el siglo XX, y, especialmente, se ha centrado en la proyección del modelo soviético desplegado por las Asociaciones de Amistad, tales como la Sección Española de los Amigos de la Unión Soviética y la Asociación España - URSS, como un medio de calibrar su impacto en España. Asimismo, se ha prestado atención a las asociaciones de amistad británicas para comparar el relativo éxito de estas asociaciones en los dos países. Las principales fuentes utilizadas han sido los fondos VOKS y SODD, procedentes de los archivos estatales rusos, documentos privados de las Asociaciones y testimonios, los cuales han sido cruciales para comprender estas asociaciones, los problemas que encararon así como sus éxitos y fracasos. Las Asociaciones de Amistad con la Unión Soviética fueron un medio de difundir ideales - el antifascismo y la coexistencia pacífica- defendidos por el gobierno Soviético. Así, estas asociaciones constituyeron un tipo de diplomacia popular. En términos generales, la gente que creía en un modelo diferente al capitalista se unió a estas asociaciones y proveyeron ejemplos de respecto en un mundo multicultural. Debido a ello, su mensaje no es obsoleto en el mundo de hoy. / The research deals with the official and unofficial contacts between Spain and the Soviet Union, focussing particularly on those perceptions of the latter disseminated through the various Friendship societies, such as the Spanish Friends of the Soviet Union and the Spain - USSR Society. As a way of assessing their impact in Spain, a chapter is dedicated to the British Friendship societies, which will compare the relative successes of these societies in the two countries. The main sources utilized have been the VOKS and SSOD files from the Russian Federation archives, private documents of the societies and testimonies, which have been crucial to understanding these associations, the problems they faced, as well as their successes and failures.The friendship societies with the Soviet Union were a way of spreading ideals -antifascism and peaceful coexistence - championed by the Soviet government. As such, these societies were a type of popular diplomacy. Broadly speaking, people who believed in a different model than capitalism joined these associations and they provided examples of respect in a multicultural world. Because of that, their message is not obsolete in today's world.