Este trabalho é dedicado à análise de duas obras ficcionais, “Their Eyes Were Watching God”, de Zora Neale Hurston, e “Light in August”, de William Faulkner. O ponto de partida da análise é a ideia que identidades são construídas de acordo com injunções discursivas específicas, que variam de contexto para contexto. Para tanto, foram analisados os dois personagens principais dos textos, Janie Crawford, uma mulher negra, e Joe Christmas, um homem cuja identidade racial é desconhecida. A comparação entre os dois se baseou na forma como ambas as identidades são construídas nos romances, em relação ao seu acesso à língua e a possibilidade de articulação dentro dela, e ao contexto no qual estão inseridos. / This research is dedicated to the analysis of two fictional works, Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937) by Zora Neale Hurston and Light in August (1932) by William Faulkner. The starting point of the analysis is the idea that identities are constructed according to specific discursive injunctions, which vary from context to context. The study is focused on the main characters of both novels, Janie Crawford, a black woman, and Joe Christmas, a man whose racial identity is unknown. The comparison between the two characters is based on how their identities are constructed in the novels in relation to their access to language and their possibility of articulating within it, and the context in which they are inserted.

xi, 124 p. : col. ill. and map. / The Arcata Marsh and Wildlife Sanctuary (AMWS), located on the Humboldt Bay of northwestern California in the town of Arcata, is an excellent example of reciprocity between humans and the natural environment. The AMWS is a constructed wetland ecosystem that works in conjunction with the town's wastewater treatment plant, providing a healthy habitat for birds and other wildlife and a context for the folkloric activity of birding. Interviews with seven local birders at the AMWS and an analysis of the material, economic, biological, social, and spiritual implications of the activity in context serve to support the assertion that reciprocity is an important factor in the sustainability of folkloric interactions between humans and the natural environment. / Committee in charge: Sharon Sherman, Chairperson; Kathryn Lynch, Member; Jill Harrison, Member

Este trabalho é dedicado à análise de duas obras ficcionais, “Their Eyes Were Watching God”, de Zora Neale Hurston, e “Light in August”, de William Faulkner. O ponto de partida da análise é a ideia que identidades são construídas de acordo com injunções discursivas específicas, que variam de contexto para contexto. Para tanto, foram analisados os dois personagens principais dos textos, Janie Crawford, uma mulher negra, e Joe Christmas, um homem cuja identidade racial é desconhecida. A comparação entre os dois se baseou na forma como ambas as identidades são construídas nos romances, em relação ao seu acesso à língua e a possibilidade de articulação dentro dela, e ao contexto no qual estão inseridos. / This research is dedicated to the analysis of two fictional works, Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937) by Zora Neale Hurston and Light in August (1932) by William Faulkner. The starting point of the analysis is the idea that identities are constructed according to specific discursive injunctions, which vary from context to context. The study is focused on the main characters of both novels, Janie Crawford, a black woman, and Joe Christmas, a man whose racial identity is unknown. The comparison between the two characters is based on how their identities are constructed in the novels in relation to their access to language and their possibility of articulating within it, and the context in which they are inserted.

Este trabalho é dedicado à análise de duas obras ficcionais, “Their Eyes Were Watching God”, de Zora Neale Hurston, e “Light in August”, de William Faulkner. O ponto de partida da análise é a ideia que identidades são construídas de acordo com injunções discursivas específicas, que variam de contexto para contexto. Para tanto, foram analisados os dois personagens principais dos textos, Janie Crawford, uma mulher negra, e Joe Christmas, um homem cuja identidade racial é desconhecida. A comparação entre os dois se baseou na forma como ambas as identidades são construídas nos romances, em relação ao seu acesso à língua e a possibilidade de articulação dentro dela, e ao contexto no qual estão inseridos. / This research is dedicated to the analysis of two fictional works, Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937) by Zora Neale Hurston and Light in August (1932) by William Faulkner. The starting point of the analysis is the idea that identities are constructed according to specific discursive injunctions, which vary from context to context. The study is focused on the main characters of both novels, Janie Crawford, a black woman, and Joe Christmas, a man whose racial identity is unknown. The comparison between the two characters is based on how their identities are constructed in the novels in relation to their access to language and their possibility of articulating within it, and the context in which they are inserted.

Projects to observe the marine biota are developed worldwide to mitigate the impacts of anthropogenic noise on marine mammals. The first chapter of this dissertation analyzes guides published by various institutions to orient the methodology to be applied in those projects, in order to ensure better efficacy in mitigating and quality of acquired data. Therefore bibliographic research was made on the internet and it was found 16 guides specific to monitoring cetaceans. The protocols were similar in methodology and mitigation measures suggested. The second chapter analyzed a set of forms utilized during daytime visual observations aboard of drilling rigs occurred in the Sergipe Basin between 2010 and 2012. The objective of the analysis was to evaluate the methodology applied in the project of sighting of marine mammals during oil and gas drilling since the guide applied has been customized from protocols to mitigate the impact of marine seismic surveys. It was proposed indicators of quality based in the content of fields of the forms. The results indicate that the data have good quality to be used in scientific studies of occurrence, distribution and abundance of cetaceans. However, the method used in the monitoring of cetaceans conducted in offshore drilling activities proved ineffective for the purposes of assessing the impacts of oil and gas drilling phase on this group of animals since that the method adopted does not emphasize the behavior exhibited by cetaceans and use forms generalized to four different vertebrate groups. / Projetos de observação de biota marinha são desenvolvidos em todo mundo como forma de mitigação de impactos de atividades produtoras de ruídos sobre os mamíferos marinhos. O primeiro capítulo dessa dissertação analisa os guias publicados por diversas instituições em nível mundial, com o propósito de garantir melhor eficácia na mitigação e na qualidade dos dados adquiridos. Para tanto foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica na rede mundial de computadores onde foram encontrados 16 guias publicados e uma comparação entre esses protocolos. Uma das conclusões retiradas está no alto nível de padronização metodológica encontrada na aquisição dos dados de ocorrência e nas medidas mitigatórias a serem implementadas ao ser observado um animal nas proximidades da área de atividade. Como resultado geral, os guias e protocolos se assemelham substancialmente nos requisitos exigidos, orientando as mesmas medidas mitigadoras nos documentos analisados. No segundo capítulo foram analisados os formulários preenchidos durante a implementação de observações visuais diurnas, a bordo das plataformas de perfuração, realizadas durante perfurações ocorridas na Bacia de Sergipe entre 2010 e 2012. A metodologia aplicada nessas observações segue o Guia de Monitoramento da Biota Marinha publicado pelo IBAMA em 2005. As análises tiveram como objetivo a avaliação da qualidade das informações contidas nos formulários de observação de mamíferos marinhos executados em atividades de perfuração marítima, uma vez que o guia que o embasou foi publicado para atividades de aquisição de dados sísmicos. Para essa avaliação foram criados indicadores de qualidade os quais ponderaram as informações inseridas nos formulários de registro de biota preenchidos em cada ocorrência. Como resultado pode-se concluir que os dados podem ser considerados de boa qualidade para estudos de ocorrência, distribuição e abundância. Entretanto, o método utilizado no monitoramento de cetáceos conduzidos em atividades de perfuração marítima mostrou-se ineficaz para os propósitos de avaliação dos impactos dessa atividade petrolífera sobre qualquer um dos grupos de cetáceos registrados, uma vez que este não dá ênfase ao comportamento exibido, generalizando o formulário para os quatro grupos de vertebrados. Diante do exposto e afim de orientar a execução de projetos de monitoramento de mamíferos marinhos a serem executados a bordo de plataformas de perfuração foi apresentado no último capítulo, uma proposta de guia metodológico aplicável durante esse tipo de atividade de exploração e produção de petróleo.

This diploma thesis deals with the topic of video on demand platforms and is more closely focused on one of the main worldwide available platform managed by Netflix. The thesis describes the history of the service and the basic principles and theories on the basis of which this service works. Attention is devoted to the functioning of this platform in the Czech Republic and the development of the user interface and expansion of the catalogue in order to gain more attention from the Czech audience. The research part of the thesis provides insights into the way how the platform is used by Czech users, specifically among 20-27 years old students. The qualitative survey examined the period and ways of how Netflix became known among the users, how users gained access to video content before subscribing Netflix and how the platform influenced their series and movie consumption habits. The research also focused on the perception of the offered content, on the form and price of the subscription and on the user-friendliness and functionality of the platform. The other aim of the research was to find out how much time users spend watching movies and series and in which situations they are looking for this activity. Part of the research also looked at changes in the use of the streaming service during the...

Disability and animality have frequently been conjoined in American literature as the limit cases of cognition, language, and narrative. In modern and contemporary fiction, this intersection is not just thematic, but also an opportunity for formal experimentation. My dissertation considers a century-spanning group of authors that includes William Faulkner, Zora Neale Hurston, Toni Morrison, and contemporary disabled writers and artists such as Jillian Weise, Kathy High, and Sharona Franklin. It uses a combination of close reading, historical research, and theoretical analysis to argue that some of the last century’s most influential literary experiments have built upon aesthetic modes associated with both disability and animality. For instance, in The Sound and the Fury, Benjy Compson’s famously associative narration is driven as much by canine-identified sensory tendencies of smell and touch as it is by human cognitive difference, and the folkloric interludes central to Their Eyes Were Watching God are catalyzed by the work-debilitated body of a mule. Few scholars have recognized the extent to which disability and animality are entangled as aesthetic categories, because each field has typically disavowed the other: disability studies makes “full humanity” a goal while assuming the inferiority of nonhumans, and animal studies often elevates nonhuman species by emphasizing their intelligence and physical abilities. My project bridges this impasse by showing how disability and animality come together to push language and literature in new directions, revealing an unrecognized literary tradition in which narratorial capacity, ethical consideration, and even access to the text do not depend on supposedly human-defining abilities like spoken language and written literacy.

Increasing obesity rates among adolescents in the State of Massachusetts are of concern to public-health professionals. High bullying rates may contribute to obesity. Guided by Maslow's safety component and Bandura's social-cognitive theory, this study investigated a relationship between hours spent television watching, bullying, and meeting physical-activity guidelines among Massachusetts adolescents. The association between the dependent variable--physical inactivity--and the independent variables--hours spent watching television andbullying--was explored using data from the 2009 Massachusetts Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Participants were 2,601 Massachusetts adolescents aged 13 to 18. Statistical analysis included chi-square, the Kruskal-Wallis Test, Mann-Whitney U, and Spearman correlation. Results revealed a significant negative correlation between television watching and physical activity, suggesting that the more hours students spent watching television, the less active they tended to be. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant difference in hours of television watching by level of physical activity. To determine where the statistical differences lay, 3 pairwise Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted; 2 were shown to be statistically significant. Physical activity and bullying were significantly associated. The results of the Mann-Whitney U test were significant, indicating that levels of activity for students who were not bullied were higher than those for students who were bullied. The social-change potential of this study is a better understanding of the relationship between bullying and physical inactivity among public health professionals in an increased effort to remove barriers to physical inactivity, help limit bullying, and increase health and welfare of adolescents.

Despite contemporary movements towards tolerance and appreciation of differing cultural entities within the United States, the normative standard of beauty serves as a pinnacle of division amongst women. The normative standard of beauty—implemented by the dominant race within the States—encourages discrimination in regards to the perception of African American female beauty. Although information exists identifying the original influence pertaining to the negative perception of African American female beauty, the reason for its continued perpetuation within the African American community remains ill defined. Effects of this standard amongst African Americans are psychological and physiological. The destruction of self-image and appreciation for natural features by African American Women occur as a result. The influence of this standard extends to individuals outside of the African American community also and in turn impact their perception of African American aesthetics. Scholarly and Literary writers have chosen to comment on this topic. Some dissect the features that constitute to the considered level of attractiveness attributed of African American women. As these writers explore the realm aesthetic perception, discriminatory tendencies amongst those from the dominant race as well as the marginalized group—in this case African Americans—are revealed. Theories offering explanations in regards to the perpetuation of negative perceptions of African American female beauty arise.

No description available.