Abstract Background: The high prevalence of smoking on the mines contributes significantly to the public health burden due to exposure to crystalline silica dust and high HIV and TB prevalence rates. Progressive anti-tobacco legislation that informs workplace smoking policies is in existence but there are no formal smoking interventions to achieve the objectives of such policies and to facilitate health promotion. Health care workers, in particular have a vital role to play in this regard. Objectives: The objectives of this research study were to determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices of HCWs regarding prevention of smoking in gold mine workers and to use this information to propose a framework for a smoking intervention programme for the mines. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) study. Data were obtained from 69 HCWs using self-administered questionnaires, from 161 occupational lung disease (OLD) and 30 medical ward admission record reviews, and from 4 informal discussions. Results: While knowledge and attitudes about smoking was good overall and 84.1% of HCWs reported that they would routinely ask smoking status and document it, this was not done in practice. An overwhelming majority of HCWs are aware that smoking is harmful to one’s health (98.6%); is harmful to mine workers’ health (97.1%), and predisposes them to acquiring lung diseases (95.7%). Half (56.7%) of the nurses, but no doctors documented smoking history on admission and poor follow up of this advice (38.5%) is an area of concern. HCWs identified a need for support structures such as workplace and community programmes that include education, training and awareness campaigns. Conclusion: Overall, HCWS are responsive to workplace smoking interventions: they are knowledgeable, and show insight and have positive attitudes towards smoking interventions, but a more enabling environment is required to establish good workplace practices. To this end a “Proposed framework for smoking interventions on the mines, incorporating the HCW programme” has been developed and partially implemented. Awareness of this study and its preliminary findings has already demonstrated a paradigm shift in thinking about tobacco on the gold mines.

Esta pesquisa se propõe a investigar elementos constitutivos da cultura de dois grupos de trabalhadores do ABC Paulista. O objetivo central é compreender os costumes desses jovens, especialmente no que se refere às experiências para além do trabalho. Escolhemos dois segmentos dentro de uma mesma categoria, por ocuparem lugares diferentes na cadeia produtiva, fato que lhes proporciona condições materiais e simbólicas muito diversas. Para compreensão das trajetórias e dos processos de socialização desse grupo de jovens, buscamos apreender seus estilos de vida, que, para Bourdieu (1979, p.), são sistemas de desvios diferenciais que são a retradução simbólica de diferenças objetivamente inscritas nas condições de existência, através de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Partimos do pressuposto de que esses trabalhadores são originários de um campo cuja matriz comum dá contorno a uma identidade operária. A composição cultural destes trabalhadores, porém, não é homogênea. Com Leal (2011, p.367.) entendemos por cultura um conjunto de valores e significados atribuídos a relações e práticas sociais incorporados em seus rituais e comportamentos que expressam uma determinada forma de ser no mundo. O primeiro grupo foi composto por jovens de uma empresa de autopeças: Itaesbra; e o segundo, por jovens de uma empresa montadora: Mercedes-Benz. Partimos da hipótese de que jovens trabalhadores de uma mesma categoria possuem capital cultural diferentes e, apesar de partilharem hábitos e costumes, apresentam formas muito peculiares. As disposições adquiridas, perpassadas por múltiplas vivências, imputam um caráter bastante fluido a suas identidades como trabalhadores. Como consequência, refletem uma cultura de classes plural e muito heterogênea. Ainda assim, observamos uma marca fundamental que os une: as experiências para além do trabalho, que indicam seus lugares na configuração social, ganham espaço secundário, isto é, o trabalho ocupa lugar central em suas vidas. / This research aims to investigate the constituent elements of the culture of two groups of ABC Paulista workers. The main objective is to understand the customs of these young workers, especially with regard to experiences beyond work. Two segments within the same category were chosen, because they occupy different places in the production chain, a fact that gives them very different material and symbolic conditions. To understanding the trajectories and socialization processes of this group of young workers, we seek to learn their lifestyles, that according to Bourdieu (1979, p.), are \"differential deviations systems that are a symbolic retranslation of differences objectively entered in conditions of existence\", through semi-structured interviews. We assume that these workers are originate from a field whose common matrix creates an operary class identity. The cultural composition of these workers, however, is not uniform. According to Leal (2011, p.367.) culture is a \"set of values and meanings attributed to social relations and practices\" incorporated into their rituals and behaviors that express a certain way of being. The first group was composed by young people from an auto parts company: Itaesbra; and second, by young people from an automaker company: Mercedes-Benz. Our hypothesis is that young workers of the same class have different cultural capital and despite sharing habits and customs, have very peculiar shapes. The provisions acquired, laden with multiple experiences, attach a fluid nature to their identities as workers. As a result, they reflect a culture of plural and heterogeneous classes. Even so, we observed a feature that connects them: the experience beyond the job, indicating their place in the social setting, won a secondary space, that is, work occupies a central place in their lives.

O setor bancário vem sendo profundamente afetado por um processo de transformação, o qual lhe conferiu posição de liderança na incorporação de novas tecnologias e inovações organizacionais. A reestruturação produtiva sofrida pelo setor levou a adaptá-lo às novas formas de acumulação capitalista. A intensa informatização do trabalho bancário, aliada a outras mudanças estruturais do setor, que afetaram não apenas os métodos de gestão e a natureza dos produtos, mas também o próprio comportamento dos mercados, resultou em mudanças significativas nas condições de trabalho e, consequentemente, na saúde dos trabalhadores. A presente pesquisa tomou como sujeitos diversos trabalhadores bancários que foram afastados, temporária ou definitivamente, do emprego por motivos de saúde relacionados ao trabalho, com o objetivo de conhecer as implicações decorrentes desse episódio, tanto em seu trabalho, como em sua vida pessoal. Este estudo, de cunho qualitativo, é embasado no materialismo histórico dialético e foi realizado junto aos trabalhadores bancários da cidade de Uberaba-MG. O contato com os trabalhadores foi mediado pelo sindicato da categoria. Ao todo, foram realizadas 15 entrevistas semiestruturadas - todas registradas, importa referir, pelo processo de gravação. Os dados obtidos através dos depoimentos revelaram que os bancários estão continuamente submetidos à flexibilização das relações de trabalho (terceirização e rotatividade), às práticas de assédio moral, à cobrança abusiva de metas - esta última tendo sido apontada, pelos próprios trabalhadores, como a principal causa de desgaste físico e mental e à intensificação do ritmo de trabalho. A análise dos dados, à luz do referencial teórico adotado, apresenta dados aliados aos depoimentos desses trabalhadores que relacionam as condições e a organização do trabalho bancário com o adoecimento físico e mental dos mesmos, culminando, portanto, no afastamento do emprego / The banking sector has been deeply affected by a transformation process, which has given it a leadership position in the incorporation of new technologies and organizational innovations. The productive restructuring suffered by the sector led to its adjustment to the new forms of capitalist accumulation. The intense informatization of banking work, allied with other structural changes in the sector, which affected not only the management methods and the nature of the products, but also the market behavior itself, resulted in significant changes in working conditions and, thereafter, in the workers\' health. The present research chose as subjects several bank workers who were temporarily or permanently removed from work related to health reasons, in order to know the implications of this episode, both in their work and in their personal lives. This qualitative study is based on dialectical historical materialism and was carried out with the banking workers of the city of Uberaba-MG. The contact with the bank workers was mediated by the union of the category. In all, 15 semi-structured interviews were carried out - all recorded, it is important to mention, through the recording process. The data obtained through the testimony revealed that bankers are continually subjected to the flexibilization of labor relations (outsourcing and turnover), to practices of moral harassment, to the abusive collection of targets - this being pointed out by the workers themselves as the main cause of physical and mental exhaustion and the intensification of work pace. The analysis of the data, in the spotlight of the theoretical framework adopted, presents data allied to the statements of these workers that relate the conditions and the organization of the banking work with the physical and mental illness of the same, culminating, therefore, in the distance from the job

Finally, some recommendations for the development of bereavement counselling in relation to social policy, service delivery, education and training, workers' personal development, as well as future research were presented. / In--depth interviews were conducted with 12 social workers working in palliative care. This figure was nearly half of the total number of palliative care social workers in Taiwan, so the research findings may reflect the general situation of bereavement counselling in Taiwan. Their stories revealed the endeavours of these social workers in the past years and showed the development of the services from nothing to multifarious. / The narratives of the workers reflected the required individual characteristics of a bereavement counsellor, such as stability in emotion, resilience, creativity, psychic energy. Due to the nature of their work they often encountered death and sufferings, as well as feeling of helplessness. In facing different obstacles and challenges, some of them might retreat themselves at times, especially for those who were still entangled in their personal bereavement. Their emotional state would affect the establishment of effective helping relationship and subsequently the effectiveness of their service. / The research revealed that most of the social workers did not apply any specific theories, or techniques in working with the bereaved. Their narratives reflected that they worked with the bereaved by establishing a meaningful working relationship. They respected and accepted their clients' needs; their empathic support helped the bereaved face the pain of losing their loved ones. Their encouragement and assurance helped them develop and change. Their skills and methods matched well with those of humanism and existentialism. They also tended to adopt postmodernism approach of storytelling in helping the bereaved. Through narration, the workers helped the bereaved re-construct the meaning of their relationship with the deceased in their life. / The study revealed that the social workers considered most of the bereaved had the ability of self-healing, but for some, due to personal or environmental factors they might be entangled in their grief and might need assistance. Their work reflected the emphases of bereavement counselling in Taiwan. Besides counselling service, they also provided assistance in medical related matters, emotional support, enhancement of family members' communication, social adjustment and religious support. Due to the socio-cultural backgrounds of Taiwan, their tasks also included special arrangements at death and discussion of funeral services and rituals. The social workers also stressed the importance of the traditional value of harmony among Heaven, Earth and Man. They paid special attention to the emotional harmony of the bereaved, harmony between the bereaved and their relatives, and harmony among the social environment, the spiritual and the bereaved. / This study is a narrative analysis of the palliative care social workers' experiences in bereavement counselling in Taiwan. It explored the characteristics of bereavement counselling, the social workers' interpretation of their experiences and the cultural and contextual factors that affected the palliative care social workers and bereavement counselling. / 李閏華. / Adviser: Mong Chow Amy Lam. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 73-03, Section: A, page: . / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 277-305) / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [201-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / Li Runhua.

by Lam Shun-yin, Henrik, Wai Bo-wah, Philip. / Bibliography: leaf 102 / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1986

by Yuen Woon Sum. / Thesis (M.S.W.)-- Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1980. / Bibliography: l. [B1]-B6.

Wong Kin. / Thesis submitted in: December 2005. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 55-58). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgement --- p.iii / Chapter Chapter One - --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter Two - --- Literature Review / Chapter 1. --- Convergence --- p.8 / Chapter 2. --- Methodology Review on Regional Disparity of Service Employment --- p.13 / Chapter 3. --- Regional Service Employment Convergence in Great Britain --- p.17 / Chapter Chapter Three - --- Methodology --- p.21 / Chapter Chapter Four - --- Empirical Results / Chapter 1 . --- Stationarity of Service Employment --- p.29 / Chapter 2. --- Stochastic Convergence of Service Employment --- p.33 / Chapter Chapter Five - --- Conclusion --- p.36 / Appendix A --- p.41 / Appendix B --- p.42 / Appendix C --- p.43 / Tables --- p.48 / Bibliography --- p.55

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD (Women and Gender Studies) / Events in the last few years on the global stage have heralded a new era for domestic workers, which may afford them the voice as subaltern that has been silent until now. Despite being constructed as silent and as subjects without agency, unionised domestic workers organised themselves globally, becoming more visible and making their voices heard. This culminated in the promulgation of the International Labour Organisation's (ILO) Convention No.189 on Decent Work for Domestic Workers (or C189) in September 2013, and the establishment of the International Domestic Workers' Federation (IDWF) in October 2013. This broadening of the scope of domestic workers' activism has not yet received sufficient attention in academic research. These two historic events on their own have the potential to change the dominant discourse around domestic workers, by mobilising workers with agency to challenge the meaning of the political ideologies informing their identity positions of exploitation and subjugation.

This dissertation relies on anthropological, historical, and archaeological research in order to describe the historical archaeologies associated with Chinese immigrants to the United States who worked on the first transcontinental railroad in the mid-nineteenth century. The region of focus in the High Sierras region to the west of Truckee, California, in and around the Tahoe National Forest

Law, Pui-Shan. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-143). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgement --- p.i / Abstract --- p.ii -iv / List of Figures --- p.vii / Abbreviations --- p.vii / Chapter / Chapter One´ؤ --- Introduction --- p.1 -4 / Chapter I. --- Overview --- p.4-13 / Chapter 1. --- The Lump Sum Grant System / Chapter 2. --- The New Subvention System and Its Relation With Newublic Management Reform in the West / Chapter 3. --- The Newublic Management Reforms and Social Work / Chapter III. --- Objective and Significance --- p.13-14 / Chapter II. --- Researchlan and Methodology --- p.14-17 / Chapter 1. --- Unit of Analysis / Chapter 2. --- Level of Analysis / Chapter 3. --- Methodology / Chapter IV. --- Structure of Thesis --- p.17-18 / Chapter Two -- --- Literature Review / Chapter I. --- Social Work / Chapter 1. --- Sociological Definition ofrofession / Chapter 2. --- Sociological Studies: Social Workers as Semi-Professionals / Chapter 3. --- Social Work: Diverse Views onrofessionalization / Chapter 4. --- Social Workers asrofessionals - Some Important Characteristics / Chapter II. --- The Newublic Management Reforms and Its Impact on Welfare State and Voluntary Organizations --- p.28-36 / Chapter 1. --- The Newublic Management Reforms in the Western Welfare State / Chapter 2. --- The Impact of New Managerial Reforms on Welfare State and Voluntary Organizations / Chapter III. --- The Impact of the New Managerial Reforms on Social Workers --- p.36-44 / Chapter 1. --- Budget Holders - A New Role in Managing Resources / Chapter 2. --- Greater Managerial Control Overrofessionalractice - Loss of Workplace Discretion / Chapter 3. --- Erosion of Traditional Work Values / Chapter 4. --- Reduction in therofessional Role of Social Workers / Chapter 5. --- rofessional Social Workers as Agents of the State / Chapter IV. --- Conclusion --- p.45 / Chapter Three - --- The Historical andolitico-Economic Contexts of the Development of the Social Workrofession in Hong Kong and the Significance of the Lump Sum Grant System / Chapter I. --- "The Social Workrofession, the Voluntary Sector And the Residual Welfare State: A Historical Review" --- p.46-62 / Chapter 1. --- 1984-1945: The Voluntary Sector as the Major Source of Relief for the Needy / Chapter 2. --- 1946-1966: The Voluntary Sector as the Major Social Servicerovider / Chapter 3. --- 1967-1977: The Voluntary Sector and Social Workers asartners of the State / Chapter 4. --- 1978-1990: The Voluntary Sector and Social Workers as Quasi-state Agents / Chapter II. --- 1990s-resent: NGOs and Social Workers in the New Managerial Era / Chapter 6. --- Summary / Chapter II. --- Theolitico- Economic Contexts of the Adoption of the LSG System --- p.62-77 / Chapter 1 --- Inherent Limitations of the Modified Standard Cost Subvention Mechanism / Chapter 2. --- Budgetary Constraints - LSG System as a Reaction to the State Financial Crisis / Chapter 3. --- Legitimacy Crisis inost-Colonial Hong Kong / Chapter 4. --- Summary / Chapter Four - --- The Lump Sum Grant System and Its Impact on Social Workers / Chapter I --- Background Information --- p.78 / Chapter II --- Flexibility as a State Strategy of Cost-Containment: Its Impact on Work Conditions. 79-% / Chapter 1. --- The LSG Funding Model / Chapter 2. --- The Advantages of Flexibility / Chapter 3. --- The Inadequate Funding and the Resulting Inflexibility in the Deployment of Fund / Chapter 4. --- The Impact on Work Conditions / Chapter III. --- redominance of Managerial Values Overrofessional Values --- p.96-111 / Chapter 1. --- Social Workers as Budget Holders / Chapter 2. --- Commercialization of Social Services / Chapter 3. --- Loss of Organizational Autonomy / Chapter 4. --- Decreased Responsiveness to Clients Need / Chapter IV. --- Restructuring the Relationship Between the Social Workers and the State --- p.111-119 / Chapter 1. --- Theurchaser -Provider Relationship: Social Workers as Agents of the State / Chapter 2. --- Erosion of the Advocacy Role / Chapter V. --- Conclusion --- p.120-122 / Chapter Five- --- Conclusion / Chapter I. --- The Background and Significance of LSG System --- p.123-124 / Chapter II. --- The Impact of LSG system on Social Workers asrofessionals --- p.124-125 / Chapter III. --- olicy Recommendation --- p.126 / Chapter IV. --- Research Constraints and Outlook --- p.127-128 / Bibliography --- p.129-143 / Appendix 1 --- p.144-146 / Appendix 2 --- p.147-148 / Appendix 3 --- p.149-150 / List of Figures / Chapter 1. --- Social Welfare Spending Asroportion of Totalublic Spending in Hong Kong1965-1992 / Chapter 2. --- Welfare Expenditure From 1991-1996 / Chapter 3. --- Subvention to Non-Governmental Organizations 1985 -2001 (Millions) / Chapter 4. --- Unemployment Rate1992-2001 / Chapter 5. --- Majorolicy Areas' Share of Total Recurrentublic Expenditure in 1994-95 andin 1999-2000 / Abbreviations / ASWO Assistant Social Welfare Officer / FSA Funding and Service Agreements / HKCSS Hong Kong Council of Social Service / LSG Lump Sum Grant / MC Model Cost / MSC Modified Standard Cost / NGO Non - Governmental Organization / SPMS Serviceerformance Monitoring System / SQS Service Quality Standards / SWD The Social Welfare Department / SWO Social Welfare Officer / TOG Tide Over Grant