Cette recherche interroge l’existence des nouvelles formes de ruralité émergentes dans le bassin métropolitain du delta du Yangzi. En opposition à l’écart croissant entre patrimoine infrastructurel et société on réaffirme la priorité du territoire comme principe théorique et paradigme naturel. L’analyse des processus historiques d’aménagement du territoire agricole à partir des réformes foncières et des pratiques autochtones de « Guangxi » (réseaux sociaux), a révélé une restructuration des ressources stratégiques du territoire du delta avant la réorganisation des espaces ruraux bâtis : la nature du sol et le réseau de l’eau. En même temps dispositif de contrôle politique et de développement social, la modification de l’infrastructure territoriale jusqu’ à la fin du maoïsme, peut être interprétée comme un investissement sur le long terme du capital humain et environnemental. Notre hypothèse est que la diffusion des petites et moyennes entreprises dans les zones rurales représente une forme de capitalisation des matrices sociales et organisationnelles du tissu agricole plus ancien. Ces transformations ont amené à la formation de nombreux espaces hybrides et clusters des entreprises dispersées dans la campagne qui s’appuient de façon complémentaire aux réseaux environnementaux préexistants. En conséquence, ce mode de production a à son tour, remodelé la relation entre l'économie, les communautés et l'environnement naturel locaux donnant lieu à des formes du développement sans fractures, plus ductiles et résilientes où la relation entre l'espace construit et l'espace agricole n'est plus de nature opposée. Ce qui émerge est un réseau de “milieux” dont chaque élément rend compte de la conception d’un paysage, de matériaux propres, de méthodes et procédures de construction. L’organisation morphologique qui en résulte montre un modèle d'urbanisation capillaire dans ces zones conventionnellement définies « non-urbaines ». Interroger ces formes émergentes de ruralité veut dire réviser la façon de conceptualiser la notion du « territoire métropolitain », et notamment de ce que on définis l’ « urbain ». On fait valoir, finalement, pour un besoin urgent de reconsidérer la séquence programmatique qui sous-tendent la morphologie spatiale de régions mégalopolitaines, par la prise en compte des rapports de continuité entre « milieux » et « communauté » et par le biais d'un examen des interactions entre ces réalités souvent, disjoints / The territorial scale and the form of the territory are fundamental basis to understand metropolitan processes and the changes occurred in its spatial, economic and social structure. The centrality of landforms and of their dynamics inspires more situated approaches, in which the agency of natural elements is integrated. This research investigates the existence of new forms of emerging rurality in the metropolitan basin of the Yangtze Delta. In opposition to the growing gap between infrastructural heritage and society, the priority of the territory is reaffirmed as a theoretical tool and environmental paradigm. The research hypothesis is that the spread of small and medium-sized enterprises in rural areas represents a form of capitalization of the spatial reorganization occurred in the Commune's period. The preliminary factor which originated the process of rural industrialization is based on the restructuring of two strategic territorial resources: the soil structure and the water network. These transformations have led to the formation of numerous hybrid spaces and clusters of small and micro enterprises dispersed over the countryside. As a result, this mode of production has, in turn, reshaped the relationship between the local economy, communities and natural environment giving rise to forms of urban development without fractures, where the relationship between the built space and the agricultural area is no longer of an opposite nature. What emerges is a network of "milieu” where the resulting socio-spatial organization shows a pattern of capillary urbanization in these conventionally defined "non-urban" areas. The notion of urban is changing and ecological rationality can offer fundamental opportunities to analyse, intersect and integrate the various territorial layers

published_or_final_version / Transport Policy and Planning / Master / Master of Arts

An important process of economic reform in China has been to promote the inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI). After more than thirty years of economic reform, China has become one of the most important destinations for cross-border direct investment. Since Taiwan has become one of the major source countries of FDI in China, Taiwanese investment has experienced changes in spatial patterns and industrial composition since the 1990s. As a result of active government promotion through various policy measures, FDI in China has grown rapidly since 1978, especially in the 1990s. Taiwanese authorities released the investment strategy, “Be patient, No hurry”in 2001, and since then China has become the biggest target of Taiwanese investment outside of Taiwan; money from Taiwan forms a significant portion of foreign capital in China. Due to coastal and other geographical advantages of the three major economic regions possessing good investment environments (that is, the Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and Bohai Bay economic region), the landscape of Taiwanese direct investment (TDI) in recent years has been moving Northward and Westward significantly. Initially, the Taiwanese investment in labor-intensive industries mainly concentrated in southern China, including Guangdong and Fujian, because of the cheap labor and geographic proximity. Since the mid-1990s, the industries of Yangtze Rive Delta region has become a new investment hotspot for Taiwanese enterprises while their industrial nature is changing to be more technology-intensive and domestic market-oriented.

Thesis (M. A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

This article aims to explore the influence of Mainland China's inter-governmental relations to the logistics in the Yangtze River Delta region. In short, research results can be summed up and related to Yangtze River Delta regions relationship between inter-structural governmental factors, to allow readers to understand the status of the logistics industry and policy development in the Yangtze River Delta and it¡¦s obstacles. Through governmental inter-system structure, relating to the Yangtze River Delta region's logistics industry environment review, analysis between local government in Yangtze River Delta, and the existence of competitive behavior, different difficulties, as well as logistics management system of the Government; on the other hand, Central Government policies on logistics development in Yangtze River Delta region and the role it plays, furthermore what means of intervention is necessary. Finally we can conclude that, Under the influence of inter-institutional structure, logistics reforms in the management of the local government and functions of the Central Government policies have been meet with difficulty; on the other hand, tax reform in logistics by means of Central Government macro-control, yet still compressed direct access to tax revenue of the local governments financial capacity, resulting in local governments to rely more on other non-tax revenues, indirect effects of layouts and the operation of the logistics industry chain. Due to these structural factors that affect local government in Yangtze River Delta areas causes a dilemma in choosing to compete or cooperate; reflecting to the effectiveness of the reform policies of the Central Government.

Zhao, Bo. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-73). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.I / Acknowledgement --- p.III / Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background: PRD and YRD --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- "PRD, YRD and China" --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Simple profile of PRD and YRD: a city-level observation --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2 --- Objectives of the study --- p.13 / Chapter 2. --- Literature Review --- p.16 / Chapter 2.1 --- Overview of TFP measurement --- p.16 / Chapter 2.2 --- TFP in China --- p.21 / Chapter 2.3 --- China's inward FDI and its importance --- p.25 / Chapter 2.4 --- The relationship between FDI and TFP --- p.31 / Chapter 3. --- Methodology --- p.35 / Chapter 3.1 --- Research hypotheses --- p.35 / Chapter 3.2 --- Model --- p.35 / Chapter 3.3 --- Data and measurement --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Data and data sources --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Measurement of variables --- p.41 / Chapter 4. --- Statistical Results --- p.44 / Chapter 4.1 --- Estimation of total factor productivity: regression results from OLS and panel estimation --- p.44 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Cobb-Douglas production function: panel estimation --- p.45 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- TFP by cross sections --- p.48 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- TFP through time (1978-2004) --- p.49 / Chapter 4.2 --- Relationships of TFP and FDI and other variables: Pearson correlation analysis --- p.53 / Chapter 4.3 --- Effects on TFP: multiple regression results --- p.56 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Effects of FDI on TFP --- p.58 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Effects of R&D on TFP --- p.59 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Effects of human capital on TFP --- p.60 / Chapter 5. --- Conclusion --- p.63 / References --- p.68

Global economic integration and urbanisation are two of the main processes which characterise contemporary globalisation. Urbanisation is so pervasive that urban landscapes now stretch far beyond the traditional city limits such that the city may no longer be the most appropriate unit to reflect how contemporary urban life is organised. Today, city-regions even mega city-regions are considered by some to be the primary spatial scale at which competing political and economic agendas are convened. Moreover, proponents of the new regionalism believe that decentralisation of state power is producing new forms of political economic regulation at supranational and subnational levels which are more appropriate for effective governance. However, it is argued that the geoeconomic logic for city-regionalism is focused too narrowly on the functional economic side of regional development, thereby overlooking how city-regions represent geopolitical constructions both of, and inside, the state. This thesis therefore aims to explore the constitutive role of politics in the construction of mega city-regions. The starting point is to complement North Atlantic accounts of city-regionalism by focusing on the geopolitics of city-regionalism in China. Using the Yangtze River Delta mega city-region as its case study, this thesis stresses that theories of new city-regionalism must increasingly be derived from, rather than applied to, the Chinese case. It is revealed how the unprecedented rate of city expansion, scale of urbanisation, and context of a highly centralised, one-party state, produces a distinctly Chinese city-regionalism that requires a combination of new conceptualisation, alongside refinement and modification of existing theories on mega city-regions.

近代以來，中國農業現代化以農藥利用、肥料推廣、品種改良及機械化發展為最主要方式。其中農業機器之利用，與機器產業乃至工業、製造業有密切關係，可說是溝通工農部門的關鍵。故本文以農業機器產業為線索，關注農業現代化中工業及其他現代部門參與的情形，及其所發揮之「農工並進」作用。 　　農業機器大約自十九世紀末期傳入中國，二十世紀初有少部分商人注意到斯業前景可期，著手製造販售。到1920年代，受到國外農機利用蓬勃發展的影響，江南地區機器業者也有不少轉而生產農業機器。這些以農業機器為主要產品的新式機器廠，發展出標準型號、大量生產，以及成立事務所、刊登廣告、參與展覽會、辦理講習等種種經營與行銷方式，更由於農業機器帶來的大量利潤，吸引資本家投資設廠，也使之轉型為新式企業組織。因此來自農村市場的機器需求，支持了工業部門的機器製造業進展。 　　除了民營事業的推進，政府當局也創辦公營製造廠、推廣模範灌溉與合作運動，國家力量促成農業機器利用的擴大。戰時儘管受到一定影響，但汪精衛政府在1940年代復籌措鉅資成立新式農業機器工廠；重慶政府則在同時間成立中國農業機械公司。前者在戰後改組為農林部無錫農具廠，對戰後江南的復員工作及農業生產極為重要；後者則在戰後接受聯總援華物資，承擔「全國農機擴建事業」在各地建立機器廠的任務。大略言之，近代中國農業機器產業之發展，是民間先於政府，但隨後在農業機械化之目標下，國家力量又主導產業成長，這種趨勢在1950年代以後達到高峰。 　　整體而言，近代中國農業機器業，並非如過去所認識的規模狹小、技術落後，反而是獲利豐厚的產業；由於在經濟發達地區更容易出現農業機器的利用，故而上海、無錫及常州等地密集普遍的機器工廠，能提供農業機器維修保障，因此以江南為例，可以看出農業機器產業不僅是農業機械化的基礎，也是機器產業提昇技術、擴大獲利之關鍵，二者互為因果。本文以江南為中心，但在空間方面注意到與東北經驗之比較、在時間方面也注意到戰時淪陷區的經營及戰後延續情形，擴大既有研究的時空範圍；通過對農業機器產業的探討，可以觀察工業與農業發展之互動關係，亦為近代中國經濟發展補充另一觀點。

在全球化的影響下，全球各地人才、物質、資金、資訊呈現高度流通的狀況，全球許多著名城市，便成為此一流動的匯聚之處，並具有影響全球資源流通的能力，亦即所謂的「全球城市」。其為「全球城市」，除了本身的發展規模外，更強調其在全球化時代，具有與其他城市的高度關連性，同時，亦具有影響全球政治、經濟的能力。 在此前提下，改革開放後，積極融入全球經濟體系的中國大陸，也著重於城市的發展建設，特別是經濟發展著有成效的上海市，更成為中國積極建構「全球城市」的標的，這樣的雄心企圖，具體體現在前上海市長陳良宇的眾多談話中。 有鑑於此，本論文即對於上海市積極建構「全球城市」的目標、過程、結果進行分析探討。全論文共分七章，除緒論外，分別探討「全球城市」的理論系譜與其在中國大陸的運用，其次，討論上海市在人口與空間佈局方面的政策與結果，再接著討論中央為了建構上海市，所提出的四大中心---經濟、金融、貿易、航運，其建設過程以及面臨的困境。於此之後，開始分析上海市與其他城市的關連性，分別就上海與長三角的其他十五個城市的關係、上海吸引跨國公司的博奕關係進行探討，並採取內容分析法，藉由上海文匯報、經濟學人、新聞週刊等傳播媒體，檢視上海與其他國內外重要城市的關連性。再者，則將重點分析討論，上海市在城市建構背後的主要動力，即「上海市政府」，其為了進行城市建設並積極融入全球化，所進行的「城市治理」。最後則是提出結論與討論。 藉由上述的分析，本研究指出，儘管上海市政府在建構「全球城市」的過程時，具有「政府主導型的互動建構」模式，積極規劃上海市的建設發展，但是由於中央政府的影響、與周邊城市的關係，使得上海在發展上，仍未能稱為「全球城市」，僅能達到「全球化城市」的階段。另外，也必須反思，上海市的發展也許未必適合套用西方的發展模式，而是具有其獨特的發展軌跡。 / Under the effects of globalization, the flows of people, material, finance, and information transit very fast, and a few famous cities with the power of affecting the flows become the places of gathering, namely Global Cities. So call depends not only on its scale , but the power of its connection with other cities as well. Considering this, China begin to emphasize its city development after its reform and open policy, and especially focuses on Shanghai to be a global city, and such ambition can often be seen from the several speeches of its former mayor Chen Lian Ju. According this background, the dissertation tries to research the construction process of Shanghai being a global city. It includes seven chapters, besides the introduction, it traces the development of the theory of global city, and then discusses the policies of Shanghai’s people and space arrangement. Ensuing we discuss its Four Centers—economic, financial, trade and shipping, their developments and difficulties. After these, we begin to discuss its connection respectively with Yangtze River Delta cities and foreign cities by adopting content analysis method to examine Shanghai Wenhui Newspaper, Economist, and Newsweek. And then we discuss Shanghai Government including its transformation and its urban governance. Finally it’s the conclusion. By this analysis and discuss, the dissertation points out the fact that spite of its striving construction, Shanghai with the trait of “Interactive construction mode by its government leading ”, it at most can only be called a “globalizing city”, not a “global city”. At the same time , it also reflects that adopting western theory to Shanghai may not be a good way , for Shanghai can be a global city by its own way.

目前，中國大陸最熱門的兩大經濟區域為長江三角洲與珠江三角洲，此兩地吸引眾多外商至當地投資。究竟此兩區域具有何區位優勢能吸引眾多外資，以及此兩地區的優勢有何差異，成為本論文重心所在。本論文主要探討三個主題： 一﹑這兩區域自改革開放以來，區位優勢的消長如何，才造成今日長江三角洲吸引外商投資金額超越珠江三角洲。 二﹑這兩區域有何區位優勢，才能吸引眾多外商至當地投資。 三﹑這兩區域與中國大陸整體平均水準的區位優勢作比較，究竟這兩區域相較於中國大陸整體平均水準具有何優勢，使外商特別關注此兩大地區。 以上問題運用中國統計年鑑的數據資料，以複回歸模型分析各地區的外商投資數據，以得出各項主題的結果。 / Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta are both the most famous economic areas in Mainland China nowadays, attracting many foreign capitals to invest. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate what are the advantages in these two areas that attract foreign direct investment, and what are the differences between them. Three subjects are discussed in the present study. First, how did the location advantages rise and fall between Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta, thus now there are more foreign investment enterprises located in Yangtze River Delta than in Pearl River Delta since the beginning of China’s ‘Open Door’ Policy. Second, what are the location advantages in these two areas that attract so many foreign investment enterprises to locate in these two areas. Third, what are the unique location advantages in these two areas compared with the average level of Mainland China, so that many foreign investment enterprises pay especially high attention to this two areas. Data of Statistical Yearbook of China are used in the present study, and multiple regression model is adopted to analyze the data in order to obtain the results.