Orientadora: Gisele Maria Schwartz / Coorientador: Wilson do Carmo Júnior / Banca: Giselle Helena Tavares / Banca: Priscila Carneiro Valim-Rogatto / Resumo: Este estudo, de natureza qualitativa, teve por objetivo analisar os diferentes tipos de vídeos postados no site do YouTube®, referentes ao indivíduo idoso. O estudo foi desenvolvido utilizando-se pesquisa exploratória, realizada por meio de análise documental videográfica. Para a seleção dos vídeos, foram utilizados os termos "idoso" e "mídia" no site YouTube®. Como critérios de inclusão na pesquisa, foram levados em consideração apenas os vídeos brasileiros, entre os que continham apenas imagens e os que continham linguagem oral expressa em português, postados no período entre 2011 e 2012. Os 60 vídeos amostrais foram selecionados em 5 diferentes categorias: 1) Reportagens (30 vídeos), 2) Vídeos de Imagens e Filmes (13 vídeos), 3) Propagandas (12 vídeos), 4) Entrevistas (3 vídeos) e 5) Outros (2 vídeos). Posteriormente, foram analisados os conteúdos neles apresentados, por meio de 3 eixos temáticos, assim como propõe a Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo e incluíram: Eixo 1 - Falas, Eixo 2 - Expressão Corporal, Eixo 3 - Participação nos vídeos e contextos periféricos. Os resultados encontrados no Eixo 1 demonstram que a maior parte dos assuntos abordados envolvidos nos vídeos incluiu as temáticas violência e a prática de atividades diversas. Foram observadas tonalidades de voz forte e animadas, mas também, fracas e trêmulas e os significados das falas dos participantes dos vídeos evidenciaram, tanto tendências negativas, como positivas. Porém evidencia-se que as tendências negativas tiveram maior incidência quando provinham de pessoas periféricas do que dos idosos. Para o Eixo 2, foram encontrados predominância de movimentos reduzidos dos idosos, que, na maior parte das situações, estavam sentados dando uma entrevista. Tinham expressão facial marcada por sorrisos, risadas e gargalhadas predominantemente e postura ereta na maior parte das situações. Também foram observadas... / Abstract: This qualitative study aims to analyze the different types of Brazilian videos posted on the Youtubesite, referring to the elderly. The study was developed by exploratory research through documentary videographic analysis. The videos were selected by the terms "idoso" and "mídia" at the Youtubesite). As research inclusion criteria, only Brazilian videos were considered which contained images and speeches that were expressed in Portuguese language and posted during the period of 2011 to 2012. The 60 videos were selected according to five different categories: 1) Reports (30 videos), 2) Videos with images and movies (13 videos), 3) Advertisements (12 videos), 4) Interviews (3 videos) and 5) Others (2 videos). Subsequently, their contents were analyzed by three thematic axes as proposed by the Content Analysis Technique : Theme 1 - Speech, Theme 2 - Body language, Theme 3 - Videos participation and peripheral contexts. The Theme 1 results show that most of the issues involved in the videos included the thematic aggression and the practice of various activities. Strong and lively voice tones were observed, but also weak and trembling voices were noted and the meanings of participants' speech in the videos showed, both negative and positive trends. However, it is evident that the negative trends had a higher incidence when came from peripheral people than the elderly. To the Theme 2, it was found the prevalence of the reduced movements by the elderly, which in the most of the situations, were seated during interview. They had their facial expression marked by smiles and laughter predominantly and, they got an upright posture in the most of the situations. Also, it was observed physical characteristics that demonstrated the elderly predominantly with white or brown skin, white, gray or dyed hair and older people wearing simple clothes, with light or dark colors and smooth. There was a predominance of the use of decorative objects... / Mestre

The emergence of new Internet applications and technologies have resulted in an increased complexity as well as a need for lower latency, higher bandwidth, and increased reliability. This ultimately results in an increased complexity of network operation and management. Manual management is not sufficient to meet these new requirements. There is a need for data driven techniques to advance from manual management to autonomous management of network systems. One such technique, Machine Learning (ML), can use data to create models from hidden patterns in the data and make autonomous modifications. This approach has shown significant improvements in other domains (e.g., image recognition and natural language processing). The use of ML, along with advances in programmable control of Software- Defined Networks (SDNs), will alleviate manual network intervention and ultimately aid in autonomous network operations. However, realizing a data driven system that can not only understand what is happening in the network but also operate autonomously requires advances in the networking domain, as well as in ML algorithms. In this thesis, we focus on developing ML-based network architectures and data driven net- working algorithms whose objective is to improve the performance and management of future networks and network applications. We focus on problems spanning across the network protocol stack from the application layer to the physical layer. We design algorithms and architectures that are motivated by measurements and observations in real world or experimental testbeds. In Part I we focus on the challenge of monitoring and estimating user video quality of experience (QoE) of encrypted video traffic for network operators. We develop a system for REal-time QUality of experience metric detection for Encrypted Traffic, Requet. Requet uses a detection algorithm to identify video and audio chunks from the IP headers of encrypted traffic. Features extracted from the chunk statistics are used as input to a random forest ML model to predict QoE metrics. We evaluate Requet on a YouTube dataset we collected, consisting of diverse video assets delivered over various WiFi and LTE network conditions. We then extend Requet, and present a study on YouTube TV live streaming traffic behavior over WiFi and cellular networks covering a 9-month period. We observed pipelined chunk requests, a reduced buffer capacity, and a more stable chunk duration across various video resolutions compared to prior studies of on-demand streaming services. We develop a YouTube TV analysis tool using chunks statistics detected from the extracted data as input to a ML model to infer user QoE metrics. In Part II we consider allocating end-to-end resources in cellular networks. Future cellular networks will utilize SDN and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) to offer increased flexibility for network infrastructure operators to utilize network resources. Combining these technologies with real-time network load prediction will enable efficient use of network resources. Specifically, we leverage a type of recurrent neural network, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks, for (i) service specific traffic load prediction for network slicing, and (ii) Baseband Unit (BBU) pool traffic load prediction in a 5G cloud Radio Access Network (RAN). We show that leveraging a system with better accuracy to predict service requirements results in a reduction of operation costs. We focus on addressing the optical physical layer in Part III. Greater network flexibility through SDN and the growth of high bandwidth services are motivating faster service provisioning and capacity management in the optical layer. These functionalities require increased capacity along with rapid reconfiguration of network resources. Recent advances in optical hardware can enable a dramatic reduction in wavelength provisioning times in optical circuit switched networks. To support such operations, it is imperative to reconfigure the network without causing a drop in service quality to existing users. Therefore, we present a ML system that uses feedforward neural networks to predict the dynamic response of an optically circuit-switched 90-channel multi-hop Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer (ROADM) network. We show that the trained deep neural network can recommend wavelength assignments for wavelength switching with minimal power excursions. We extend the performance of the ML system by implementing and testing a Hybrid Machine Learning (HML) model, which combines an analytical model with a neural network machine learning model to achieve higher prediction accuracy. In Part IV, we use a data-driven approach to address the challenge of wireless content delivery in crowded areas. We present the Adaptive Multicast Services (AMuSe) system, whose objective is to enable scalable and adaptive WiFi multicast. Specifically, we develop an algorithm for dynamic selection of a subset of the multicast receivers as feedback nodes. Further, we describe the Multicast Dynamic Rate Adaptation (MuDRA) algorithm that utilizes AMuSe’s feedback to optimally tune the physical layer multicast rate. Our experimental evaluation of MuDRA on the ORBIT testbed shows that MuDRA outperforms other schemes and supports high throughput multicast flows to hundreds of nodes while meeting quality requirements. We leverage the lessons learned from AMuSe for WiFi and use order statistics to address the performance issues with LTE evolved Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (eMBMS). We present the Dynamic Monitoring (DyMo) system which provides low-overhead and real-time feedback about eMBMS performance to be used for network optimization. We focus on the Quality of Service (QoS) Evaluation module and develop a Two-step estimation algorithm which can efficiently identify the SNR Threshold as a one time estimation. DyMo significantly outperforms alternative schemes based on the Order-Statistics estimation method which relies on random or periodic sampling.

Text component of a doctoral dissertation, which references the full dissertation content in a multi-media web-based format. It includes a background statement, acknowledgements section, printed navigation guide and site map for the website, and a full list of references.

En esta investigación analizaremos como se construye un posfeminimo y una posverdad en la hipersexualización de la mujer, para ser más específicos de las titty streamers, en la plataforma de YouTube. En los últimos años, la plataforma concentró la atención de los jóvenes por la transmisión en vivo de videojuegos de streamers que monetizaban sus contenidos. No obstante, las mujeres streamers usaban la sensualidad como recurso para atraer la atención del público joven asiduo a la plataforma. Esta práctica se ha convertido en un modelo para obtener mayor visualización y monetización en la gran mayoría de directos de la plataforma. El diseño de la investigación es Interpretativo, donde se aplicaría un método cualitativo. Se aplicará la técnica de análisis de contenido a la muestra de videos recopilatorios de las Titty streamers más conocidas por los usuarios de YouTube en Latinoamérica. / In this research we will analyze how a post-feminine and a post-truth is constructed in the hypersexualization of women, to be more specific of titty streamers, on the Twitch platform. In recent years, the platform focused the attention of young people by the live transmission of video games from streamers who monetized their content. However, female streamers used sensuality as a resource to attract the attention of the young audience that was a regular on the platform. This practice has become a model to obtain greater visualization and monetization in the vast majority of live broadcasts on the platform. The research design is Interpretive, where a qualitative method would be applied. The content analysis technique is applied to the compilation video sample of the titty streamers best known by YouTube users in Latin America. / Trabajo de investigación

Diploma thesis deals with the analysis of the communication mix of ice hockey club PSG Zlín. The theoretical part parses general terms of marketing communication and communication mix with a focus on online communication. The second part introduces the club, analyzes its marketing enviroment and its current communication mix again with the focus on online communication. The last part contains suggestions for its possible changes and improvements.

The thesis deals with a topic of virtual relaxation and the contrast between idealized landscape and everyday reality. The theme of landscape compensation is very comprehensive and widely interacts with and impacts on psychological and cultural levels. For example, when images of nature represent a place of denied primary purity or the unreachable paradise. I draw my inspiration from YouTube channel phenomenon of relaxation videos which depict several hours’ long static views of the ideal landscape with authentic sound in the background. The aim of the work is to prepare a happening with a video recording, when the absurdly long journey in search of the ideal will not be transferable.

The aim of this study has been to investigate why children spend time on Youtube. The study tries to answer the question why by taking part of childrens thoughts on Youtube as a digital room and what kind of feelings and emotions they experience while spending time there. The study shows that the informants spend time on Youtube to learn things they themselves think of as useful and interesting, in an enjoyful way and together with others with whom they have a shared interest. The study also shows that the informants spend time on Youtube in order to experience strong feelings, both ’negative’ and ’positive’, and that many of these ’negative’ feelings are experienced to have a positive effect. The informants also spend time on Youtube because it is experienced as a safe ’place of their own’ and as a world free from adult norms and values. On Youtube children get to experience feelings and take part of information and perspectives that normally aren´t available to them on platforms specifically aimed at children. In the digital room Youtube, children’s content flow is defined by children´s needs and interests, not their age. Spending time on Youtube therefore gives children a possibility, if only for a short moment of time, to experience how it feels to not first and foremost be a child. Finally the study shows that Youtube is an important part of many children´s daily lives and a shared platform for discussion topics between peers. It is also a place that encourages both activity and creativity instead of only passive media consumption.

In this study, the possible impact YouTube can have on students reading and listening comprehension in English is investigated. In order to identify this possible impact, two main research questions were asked, analysed and answered. The sample group researched in the study consisted of 123 students in the 8th grade at an intermediate school in Sweden. Two surveys, one listening comprehension test and one reading comprehension test, were submitted to the sample group. Based on the results and the discussion, some conclusions could be drawn. Students who spend an average amount of time on YouTube seem to perform at a higher level regarding reading and listening comprehension. However, students who spend a lot of time on YouTube did not perform at the highest level of proficiency, making it difficult to determine with absolute certainty how extensive the correlation between social media and language comprehension is.

<p>  </p> <p>Food safety educators and specialists are committed to closing the food safety education gap among different actors in the supply chain, from farm to fork. To accomplish it, they have to understand the needs of the target population to disseminate information and develop interventions. This thesis is divided into three case studies to explore needs assessments (Ch. 1 and 2) and program evaluation (Ch. 3). The first needs assessment (Ch.1) was developed due to a recent multistate outbreak linked to dried wood ear mushrooms. This study evaluated YouTube video content on the preparation of different wood ear mushrooms dishes and investigated the food safety risk associated with the handling practices. Practices such as rehydration procedures were identified as key food safety risk factors that need future exploration. The second needs assessment (Ch.2) was developed due to the impact of small- and medium-sized farms on USA agriculture. This study aimed to understand consumers’ perceptions and expectations of produce from small- and medium-sized farms and their desire to pay a premium price for food safety information. The findings showed that consumers perceived the produce from these farms to be fresher and of higher quality. Also, they considered food safety as a minimum quality standard and valued produce safety information. Finally, multiple needs assessments have shown that low-income populations, including minority groups, have unique barriers to adopting food safety practices. The third study (Ch.3) evaluated a dialogue-based virtual food safety program for English- and Spanish-speaking low-income populations using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Findings suggest that the TPB helped to discern the behavior change intentions of this population and showed that the intervention was able to increase participants’ knowledge, attitudes toward the behavior, perceived behavioral control (PBC), subjective norms, and behavior change intentions. Future work could modify the program to fit other minority populations in the USA.</p>

CrashCourse Literature and other educational YouTube videos are essential mechanisms for connecting students and the general public to the humanities. Public humanities projects are in an intellectual tug-of-war between what academia and the diverse developing public want them to be, but that contention can and should be mediated using new media tools like CrashCourse Literature. CrashCourse Literature's emphasis on bringing the reader to the text and the text to the reader, echoes the goals of reception theory. Reception theory focuses on finding meaning in a literary text using the reader's horizon of expectations more than an a traditional, essentialist, "original' reading of a text. Analyzing public humanities projects like CrashCourse Literature through the lens of reception theory can help to show why the public uses them to connect more fully with the humanities. Within the texts of the videos "Fate, Family, and Oedipus Rex: Crash Course Literature 202," "Shakespeare's Sonnets: Crash Course Literature 304", "Like Pale Gold--The Great Gatsby Part I: Crash Course English Literature #4," and "Was Gatsby Great? The Great Gatsby Part 2: Crash Course English Literature #5," I see two distinct levels of reception that influence and strengthen each other: 1. First level of reception: CrashCourse interacts with and refracts the texts they are explicating based on where the reader is in time and space. 2. Meta-reception: CrashCourse interacts and connects with the viewers of the video by interpreting their viewers' responses to said text. CrashCourse's use of popular culture references, references to current or familiar social, political, and cultural ideologies, jokes, validations of viewers previous literary experiences, informal language all situated well within sound academic scholarship constitute examples of first-level and meta-reception. CrashCourse Literature sees the humanities, and fictional literature in particular, as exercises in empathy. Accordingly, they treat their approach to the text (first-level reception) and their viewers response to the text (meta-reception) with the same empathetic care. Public humanities projects that use new media well, allow public access to and connection with scholarly discussion and information. If academic institutions want to continue humanities research and discussion in a way that keeps their publics enthusiastically engaged, they will find good tools in CrashCourse Literature, which is engaging precisely in the kind of intellectual work and dialogue the academic establishment needs in order to stay relevant and significant to the publics they serve.