The issues of wetland protection has been looked at attentively in Taiwan. However, the action of protecting wetlands can not replace the wetlands lost in speedy developments, which causes the wetland ecosystem in natural environment of Taiwan vanished stage by stage. The idea of ¡§created wetland¡¨ refers to the conversion of a persistent upland or shallow-water area into a wetland by human activity to help to compensate the natural wetlands lost due to destruction by human beings. Such kind of wetland is used to restore wetlands or to let it become a parkland. Created wetlands are different from ¡§constructed wetland¡¨ emphasize the function of wastewater treatment. In the past, park in urban area was usually designed for human use which caused other organisms can not abundantly, and thus the ecosystem in municipal areas became poor. Hence, there is a new concept that we combine the created wetland and park together in order to improve the biodiversity of the ecosystem in urban area. The Zhou-zai wetland park is located beside the Lotus pond in Zuo-ying of Kaohsiung City. This created wetland was initially wanted to attract Pheasant-tailed Jacana come Kaohsiung through the ecosystem. The park was not only designed for human activities but also for other creatures. We tried to use ¡§ecological engineering methods¡¨ to build this artificial habitat. We hope it can promote the biodiversity in urban city by this wetland ecosystem. In this study, we use Zhou-zai wetland park as a case study, and probed into the principles of planning and management in urban created wetland park. It was hoped that the result of this research can provide some consults about constructing created wetland parks in the feature in Taiwan, so that the strategies of wetland protection can then become positive.

¡§Zhou-Zai Wetland Park¡¨ is a specific prototype of created wetland ecosystems constructed in urban areas, This park represents integration between development and preservation of a wetland habitat through ecotechnology. It is a created wetland designed to conserve the endangered species of Jacanas in Taiwan, which were suffered from the destruction of habitat in the past. The wetland comprises pool and marsh types of wetland systems, and the inflow of the systems is pumped from the Lian-Chih Lake. Several problems were found when we operated and managed the park including eutrophication, low water exchange rate, and hypoxia in some water areas, emergence, and invasive alien species. The current management strategies are difficult to improve the status. Therefore some suggestions are given to solve such problems including constructing a treatment wetland in injection area in order to improve the water quality of influent and then provide a better water environment of habitat for water fowls as well as to prevent the intrusion of invasive alien species.

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The growing importance of China in Africa today makes the examination of the history of Communist China’s foreign policy towards Africa a necessary undertaking. In recent years, there has been an escalation of attention paid to China’s political and economic role in developing nations, with particular attention granted to China’s policies in African countries. However, China did not just begin to pay attention to Africa at the close of the twentieth century, and it is the purpose of this paper to look at the beginnings of these policies. Chronologically, this paper focuses on the birth and early evolution of China’s foreign policy towards Africa, namely from the years 1954 to 1964. These dates represent not only the beginning, but also a significant change in China’s foreign policies towards Africa. While many of the policies adopted and adapted by Communist China during this period were to encompass the whole of the emerging third world, this paper focuses on Africa, and in particular Zambia for more specific examples. China played an important role in the newly independent nations of Africa in the early 1960s, and it continues to play a significant, and often controversial, role there today. / text

Zugl.: Eichstätt, Ingolstadt, Univ., Diss., 2004 u.d.T.: Lee, Seungza: "Illusionäre Souveränität des Übermenschen" gegenüber "christlichem Gott" und "Dao"

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 201-212). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

abstract: Contemporary Chinese composers have a rich palette from which to draw inspirations of the distinctive timbres of ancient instruments, the diverse musical types, and the development of musical instruments. Zhou Long, an internationally recognized Chinese-American composer, has created a compositional style that transfers the sounds and techniques of ancient Chinese musical traditions to modern Western instruments. An examination of Zhou Long’s compositions Secluded Orchid and Spirit of Chimes demonstrates his synthesis of Chinese and Western techniques as well as cross-cultural integration. To gain a better understanding of the compositional process of these two piano trios, the author conducted a personal interview with Zhou Long on October 21, 2016, during which he provided unique insight into the influences and inspirations of these pieces. This document describes how the history of ancient Chinese music, the Chinese Cultural Revolution, as well as Zhou Long’s life and education, influenced Seclude Orchid and Spirit of Chimes. The inspirations, formal structures, harmonic language, and compositional techniques that are presented in these works are also discussed. Finally, other repertoires of Zhou Long that share similar ideas or inspirations are explored. / Dissertation/Thesis / Secluded Orchid / Spirit of Chimes / Doctoral Dissertation Music 2017

This is a case study of the People's Dailys and South China Morning Posts portrayal of the human rights lawyer Zhou Shifeng from his arrest until after his trial in Tianjin. This study analyses how media have used news frames when they have reported about Zhou Shifeng. The study also compares how often different news frames have been used by the media, as well as how this portrays Zhou Shifeng to the public. This study finds a strong difference between the People's Dailys and South China Morning Posts portrayal of Zhou Shifeng. The results showed that in the People's Daily the attribution of the responsibility frame and the moral frame were the most common. The less common frames were the human interest frame and the economic consequence frame. The consequence frame was not identified in the People's Daily. However in South China Morning Post the attribution of responsibility frame, the human interest frame and the consequence frame were the most common. The less common frame was the moral frame. The economic consequence frame was not identified in South China Morning Post. In conclusion the portrayal of Zhou Shifeng in the People's Daily was generally negative. Due to the attribution of frames he was portrayed more as a problem to society than as a person. In South China Morning Post however the portrayal was mainly positive but neutral in certain aspects. In this case he was portrayed more as a member of a group than as a central figure in this trial.

我國的村里制度源遠流長，溯至周朝已具雛型。在昔時，由於幅員廣大，交通不便， 中央對地方每有鞭長莫及之感，故對地方事務，也多授權由地方自行處理，使得此種 最基層的地方組織，兼有「行政」與「自治」之雙重性質。數千年來，它對促對地方 發展，鞏固國家統治，多少發揮了實質的作用，但隨著環境變遷，現行村里組織已面 臨調適之問題，本文針對村里組織與功能，逐章作進一步的分析研究。全文共分八章 ，十五萬字各章之要點如下： 第一章緒論－說明本文之研究動機、方法與範圍，並闡釋村里之地位與要素，最後從 「輸入－輸出」模式來探討村里之組織、功能及其與環境之關係。 第二章：本省村里制度之沿革－由清代之保甲制係以警衛､收稅、戶籍為主，到日據 時期之保甲制則為殖民統治之手段。直至光復後之村里制度才具有自治與行政之功能 。 第三章：快速變遷的村里環境－敘述卅年來本省邁入工商業時代，生活水準提高，教 育普及，資訊發達，地方政治人物迭起，鄰里關係漸趨冷漠，在這變動之經濟、社會 、政治、鄰里關係之環境中，指出村里組織所面臨之問題及調適之道。 第四章：村里長與村里業務－分析村里長之產生仍以民選為宜，但應確定其法定地位 並提高社會地位，而辦公處所除山區、離島、僻遠地區外，以設置聯合村里辦公處較 佳，至於村里經費之壽募，仍以動員寺廟、工廠、村里民為主要途徑，政府則站在對 等輔助之輔導地位。 第五章：村里各種組織－村里內的任務編組下不廿個，多是各單位人員隨意設立，以 致於疊床架屋，功能不彰，故宜加強鄰長會議，由鄰長再動員村里民參與。至於社會 範圍則宜擴大規劃，以獲取更多資，源並擺脫與村里相似之觀感。 第六章：村里民大會－政府進儘量減少介入，由村里民自行決定開會時間、地點、方 式、其功能不再以政治社會化與政治溝通為主，而係以政治參與，並聯絡村里民感情 ，改善鄰里關係為最重要。 第七章：村里之服務機能－以村里幹事與社工員為主，村里幹事之配置標準酌予提高 ，可聯合數村里設一幹事，使其具「輔導員」性質，社工員則可在聯合數鄉鎮市成立 之社會服務中心工作。兩者應充分溝通協調，並應深入地方以動員村里民參與為其工 作要領。 第八章：結論－對村里組織之現狀檢討及未來展望，加以分析，並就各個論題提出改 進之建議。

This thesis aims at clarifying the very basic characteristics of Wu Ze Tian&rsquo / s reign and her utilization of religious and symbolic propaganda for legitimizing her authority. Wu Ze Tian is the only female emperor of China&rsquo / s long dynastic history who founded her own dynasty, Zhou dynasty after overthrowing the Tang dynasty in 690. The political ideal presented by Confucianism, which is the traditional state doctrine of the imperial China, refuses female participation to political arena and identifies the emperor as the Son of Heaven. In order to overcome the Confucian obstacle, Wu Ze Tian referred to the symbols and rituals of the antiquity, highly appraised by the Confucians, which enabled her participation to the political sphere. Moreover, for legitimizing herself as a female ruler, she utilized the Buddhist scholarship and concepts as tools of political propaganda. It was also a matter of fact that due to the northwestern nomadic influence on the society, female rulership was not conceived to be impossible in the Tang dynasty, as it was in the previous dynasties. Benefitting from this sociopolitical atmosphere, Wu Ze Tian occupied the throne first as the empress and later as the empress dowager for almost 35 years and at last ruled over the whole Chinese soil as the female emperor of the Zhou dynasty for 15 years. Wu Ze Tian proved herself as a capable ruler under whose dominion the whole country reached its broadest borders and the economy flourished considerably. Not only owing to the power of her political propaganda but also mostly because of her talent in rulership and her social and political reforms, Wu Ze Tian is one the most important Chinese rulers who left a remarkable influence on the governmental tradition of China.