This study is a description of the reactions of adolescents, who had opportunities for independence and growth toward maturity as a result of a crisis situation. Special consideration is given to (a) the variety of heroic and realistic experiences had during the flood; (b) personal and social adjustments in the unique setting of dormitory living (separated from families); and (c) the academic achievements in the emergency learning situation.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医科学) / 甲第21692号 / 医科博第96号 / 新制||医科||7(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医科学専攻 / (主査)教授 渡邉 大, 教授 伊佐 正, 教授 村井 俊哉 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

AbstractStudents that are absent are one of the major problems that the school system and teachers have to tackle today. This study sets out to investigate why some behind students from vocational programs at two upper secondary schools are absent from English. Furthermore the aim of the study is to investigate what would motivate students to attend more frequently. Five students that attend vocational programs and have or had high degree of absence from English classes were interviewed. The informants described the reasons behind their absence and what would motivate them to attend more often. In addition 60 students answered a questionnaire concerning their absence and attendance.According to the students the reasons behind truancy were unskilled teachers, noisy classrooms, non-supportive teachers and unstructured lessons. Students also said why they play truant is that they are academically behind and can not meet the objectives. Majority of students who were interviewed admitted that they would meet the objectives if they would study more.Key words: absence, attendance, truancy, vocational programs

Scholars confirm that a huge proportion of black South African men are not participating in their children's upbringing, as a result, children face various challenges that impede their wellbeing. This study is of the view that there is still a need for further investigations to explore the effects of fatherlessness on children's wellbeing and to gain new perspectives on father absence within the context of black societies in South Africa. With that in mind, this study aimed to explore the impact of fatherlessness on the psychosocial wellbeing of young black South African men. The objectives of this study included investigating the following: (1) young men's experiences of growing up without their biological fathers; (2) the psychosocial effects of growing up without a biological father on young black men; (3) the ways in which fatherlessness shapes the development of a gendered (masculine) identity among young black men; and (4) to understand the ways in which fatherlessness shapes young men's participation in cultural practices that facilitate their transition to manhood (e.g. ulwaluko). A qualitative approach research approach was adopted for this study. Semi-structured interviews (face to face) were used for data collection, and both purposive sampling and snowball sampling methods were used to recruit participants for this study. The interviews were conducted with twenty-four (24) young black men (participants) who shared their experiences of growing up without the presence of their biological fathers. These participants resided in Langa township (Western Cape). The interviews were conducted during the third wave of Covid-19, so all the protocols to safeguard the spread of Covid-19 were observed. The data was analysed using thematic analysis. It further drew on the psychosocial developmental theory by Erik Erickson (1963) as a lens through which it reflects on young men's developmental processes and the ways in which such development is shaped by the absence of biological fathers. The findings suggest that many of the participants' conceptions of the roles of fathers were in line with the traditional views of fathers as financial providers, protectors, and disciplinarians. The results of this study also gave insight into challenges faced by young black men who grew up without their biological fathers. These challenges were related to their cultural identity, which then affected their capacity to build intimate relationships, affected them when they were undergoing ulwaluko, and affected their constructions of masculinity. Fatherlessness was also shown to have a negative impact on the education and psychosocial wellbeing of the young black men in the study.

Alla lärare kommer förr eller senare att konfronteras med situationer som uppstår till följd av att elever är frånvarande. Denna studie undersöker hur lärares dagliga arbete påverkas när elever inte är närvarande.Fyra lärare på en gymnasieskola blev intervjuade om sina erfarenheter och syn på frånvaro och skolk. De blev också ombedda att beskriva hur de hanterade detta i sina dagliga rutiner.Resultaten visar att de intervjuade lärarna tyckte att frånvaro och skolk var ett allvarligt problem. De tyckte också att detta påverkade deras arbetsbörda, fram för allt om de var klassföreståndare i en klass med hög frånvaro. Lärarnas strategier för att hålla skolk nere baserades bland annat på att skapa ett gott arbetsklimat i klassrummet och att upprätthålla rättvisa och likvärdighet i klassen. / All teachers will inevitably be confronted with issues related to students’ absence. This study sets out to investigate how language teachers’ daily work is affected when students are absent.Four language teachers at an upper secondary school were interviewed about their experiences of and their views on students’ non-attendance. They were also asked to describe how they handle absence as a part of their daily routines. All the informants thought that absence is a serious problem. Form teachers’ workload is especially affected if their class has many students with high absence. Their strategies for handling absence were based on their aim to keep their workload down and to obtain fairness and equivalence.

This pilot study adds to the limited literature by examining various forms of dosage (i.e., absence rate; stability in years) within a quality early childhood center and its links to multiple criterion-referenced indicators of school readiness (i.e., gross motor, fine motor, pre-writing, cognitive, language, self-help, personal/social developmental). The sample included 46 children between the ages of 3 and 4-years-old primarily from middle to upper-middle socioeconomic backgrounds. Absence rates were determined via daily sign-in sheets, while stability was determined according to center records. Results indicate stability, not absence rate, as a statistically significant predictor of better performance on two school readiness domains, namely gross motor and personal/social development. This preliminary exploration gives implications to programs, parents, and teachers as it relates to best practices in attendance in early childhood.

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The primitive hut, which is regarded as the initial model of architecture, came from humans' desire to survive and be sheltered from the severe weather outside. Architecture lays its root in practical use but when mankind thrives and begins to flourish, the practical use is no longer the only objective architecture needs to fulfill. My thesis is an exploration of processing architectural design when the practical program becomes the minor factor. The architect's inner pursuit for aesthetic satisfaction becomes the major motive in my thesis. Instead of a project that has an end, I consider my thesis as a continuing research of recording daily inspirations. Inspirations come from memories and could stimulate creations. Different architectural moments that come from my inspirations are pictured in this project in the aim of inspiring other people. I am exploring my own identity as a person who studies architecture. / Master of Architecture