Žemės ūkio sektorius išlieka viena pavojingiausių ekonominės veiklos rūšių pasaulyje, o tuo pačiu ir Lietuvoje. Atlikus sociologinius tyrimus, vienoje anketinėje apklausoje dalyvavo 96 ūkininkai ir bendrovių vadovai, nustačiau, kad dirbant traktoriniams žemės ūkio junginiams, žmonės dažniausiai sužeidžiami, kai mašina eksploatuojama be apsaugų, užvedama neišjungus pavaros, žmonės vežami priekaboje ir kai technika eksploatuojama ne pagal paskirtį. Kitoje anketinėje apklausoje dalyvavo 241 žemės ūkio darbuotojai, nustatėme, kad samdomi žemės ūkio darbuotojai labiau nei ūkininkai toleruoja rizikingą veiklą žemės ūkio traktorinių junginių darbo zonose. Trečioje anketinėje apklausoje dalyvavo 138 žemės ūkio technikos operatoriai, nustatyta, kad instruktavimas nepadeda suprasti pavojus traktorių ir žemės ūkio mašinų pavojingose zonose nurodė 30,4 proc. apklaustų žemės ūkio technikos operatorių. / The agricultural sector remains one of the most dangerous types of economic activities in the world, while at the same time, and Lithuania. Following the sociological studies, one questionnaire survey involved 96 farmers participated in the company and executives, found that working in the agricultural tractor combinations, people most often injured when the machine is operated without the guards, opened the drive off, people are transported in the trailer where the technique of operation and not by purpose. In another questionnaire survey involved 241 agricultural workers, found that employed agricultural workers, farmers, rather than tolerate the risky business of agricultural tractor units of work zones. The third questionnaire survey involved 138 agricultural machinery operators, found that the instruction does not understand the dangers of tractors and agricultural machinery in hazardous areas indicated 30.4 percent. surveyed agricultural machinery operators.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T14:43:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Katia Lopes Mariano.pdf: 3463828 bytes, checksum: 0b7a4b10daa441cc61e84505a1546604 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-12 / This research aims to identify the profile of the worker and the perception of these workers as job security in the buildings segment of the construction sector in the city of Ponta Grossa/PR bounded during the months from May to October 2013. We adopted the dialectical method that maintains as a criterion of truth the social practice, where from dialectical theoretical assumptions, the approximation of the object of study was performed to understand the peculiarities present in the investigated workers, where at first it was possible to address the actions. governmental economic development of the country cooperating in the progress in the area of Ponta Grossa/PR from the twentieth century to the year 2013 the research is descriptive in nature and the results presented describe the sample characteristics, such as socioeconomic profile of workers conditions of the work environment and a description of information on the occurrence of accidents and their characteristics. The methodological procedures used are: a literature review, desk research and questionnaires with closed questions. Through content analysis used to construct the theoretical syntheses, it is possible to check the profile of workers and their perception of job security in the profession in the construction industry in Ponta Grossa/PR. / A presente pesquisa tem como principal objetivo, identificar o perfil do trabalhador e a percepção desses trabalhadores quanto à segurança do trabalho no segmento das edificações do setor da construção no município de Ponta Grossa/PR, delimitada durante os meses de maio a outubro de 2013. Adotou-se o método dialético que sustenta como critério da verdade a prática social, onde a partir de pressupostos teóricos dialéticos, foi realizada a aproximação do objeto de estudo para compreender as particularidades presentes nos trabalhadores investigados, onde num primeiro momento foi possível abordar as ações governamentais de desenvolvimento econômico do país que cooperaram no progresso da região de Ponta Grossa/PR desde o século XX até o ano de 2013. A pesquisa é de natureza descritiva e os resultados apresentados descrevem as características da amostra, tais como: perfil socioeconômico dos trabalhadores, condições do ambiente de trabalho e descrição das informações sobre a ocorrência de acidentes de trabalho e suas características. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados são: a pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa documental e aplicação de questionários com questões fechadas. Por meio da análise de conteúdo utilizada para a construção das sínteses teóricas, é possível a verificação do perfil dos trabalhadores e sua percepção sobre a segurança do trabalho no exercício da profissão no setor da construção em Ponta Grossa/PR.

Ce travail repose sur des observations de terrain montrant que des salariés vont s’orienter ou non vers un arrêt de travail suite à un même type d’accident du travail de gravité mineure. De plus, les statistiques nationales décrivent une tendance à la baisse pour les accidents du travail mais l’absentéisme est en hausse (CNAM, 2016 ; Ayming-Kantar TNS, 2016). Ces données posent donc la question de la nature de la relation entre l’accident et l’arrêt de travail. L’objectif de cette thèse était d’explorer dans quelle mesure l’arrêt de travail serait expliqué par les états de stress et les stratégies de coping des salariés accidentés. En référence au modèle Self-Regulatory Executive Function – S-REF (Wells & Matthews, 1994), un objectif dans ce travail de thése est d'explorer dans quelle mesure les croyances métacognitives constitueraient des facteurs pouvant expliquer les états de stress, et leur gestion, après une période d'arrêt de travail. En référence à ce modèle, nous postulions alors que les salariés, en arrêt de travail, développeraient un syndrome cognitif attentionnel – CAS (Wells, 1995). Nous avons réalisé trois études testant trois hypothèses principales : 1) les salariés absents suite à un accident du travail présentent un profil métacognitif particulier impliquant des croyances métacognitives positives et négatives sur l’inquiétude, et activent préférentiellement des stratégies de coping émotionnelles ou d’évitement (étude 1) ; 2) les salariés absents suite à un accident du travail ont construit une représentation de l’accident du travail plus menaçante que les salariés qui ne se sont pas absentés (étude 2) ; 3) la probabilité de s'arrêter de travailler, dans les jours suivant l'accident, serait prédite par l'état affectif des salariés après l'accident (i.e., inquiétude, dissociation et détresse péritraumatiques) ainsi que par leurs stratégies de coping (étude 3). Nos résultats montrent que les salariés ayant vécu un accident du travail ne présentent pas de profil métacognitif différent selon qu’ils aient eu un arrêt de travail ou non (étude 1). Les stratégies de coping sont prédites par les croyances métacognitives ayant trait à l’inquiétude ; les stratégies de coping centrées sur le problème sont moins utilisées par les salariés ayant eu un arrêt de travail suite à leur accident du travail (étude 1). La représentation de l’accident du travail ne présente pas un caractére menaçant supérieur chez les salariés qui ont eu un arrêt de travail (étude 2). Enfin, les résultats de l’étude 3 montrent que la probabilité d’être en arrêt de travail suite à un accident du travail est uniquement prédite par une faible propension à l’usage des stratégies de coping centrées sur le problème. Nos principaux résultats indiquent que le stress ressenti par les victimes d’accident est influencé par les croyances métacognitives positives et négatives sur l’inquiétude (études 1 et 2). Nos travaux ne montrent pas de différence dans le profil métacognitif entre les salariés absents et non absents après un accident du travail. L’utilisation des stratégies de coping centrées sur le problème serait le principal corrélat (étude 1) et prédicteurs (étude 3) de l’absentéisme des salariés accidentés. L'ensemble de ces résultats plaide en faveur d'une approche de l'arrêt de travail appuyée sur la modélisation transactionnelle du stress, afin de mieux comprendre ce phénomène et proposer des méthodes de prise en charge innovantes des salariés ayant vécu un accident du travail. / This work is based on field observations showing that employees will or will not move to a work stoppage following the same type of work accident of minor gravity. In addition, national statistics describe a downward trend for work-related accidents, but absenteeism is on the rise (CNAM, 2016; Ayming-Kantar TNS, 2016). These data therefore pose the question of the nature of the relationship between the accident and the work stoppage. The aim of this thesis was to explore to what extent the work stoppage would be explained by stress states and coping strategies of injured employees. Referring to the Self-Regulatory Executive Function Model - S-REF (Wells & Matthews, 1994), one goal of this thesis work is to explore the extent to which metacognitive beliefs are factors that may explain stress states, and their management, after a period of work stoppage. In reference to this model, we postulated that employees who were off work would develop a Cognitive Attentional Syndrome - CAS (Wells, 1995). We conducted three studies testing three main hypotheses: 1) Employees who are absent following an occupational accident have a particular metacognitive profile implying positive and negative metacognitive beliefs about anxiety, and preferentially activate emotional coping or avoidance strategies (study 1); 2) Employees who were absent due to a work accident built a more threatening occupational accident representation than employees who did not miss (study 2); 3) The probability of stopping work in the days following the accident would be predicted by the affective state of the employees after the accident (i.e., worry, peritraumatic dissociation and distress) as well as by their coping strategies (study 3). Our results show that employees who have had an accident at work do not have a different metacognitive profile, depending on whether they have had a work stoppage or not (study 1). Coping strategies are predicted by metacognitive beliefs about worry; coping strategies centered on the problem are less used by employees who have had a work stoppage following their work accident (study 1). The representation of the industrial accident does not present a higher threat character for employees who have had a work stoppage (study 2). Finally, the results of study 3 show that the probability of being off work due to an accident at work is only predicted by a low propensity to use coping strategies centered on the problem. Our main findings indicate that the stress experienced by accident victims is influenced by positive and negative metacognitive beliefs about worry (studies 1 and 2). Our work shows no difference in the metacognitive profile between absent and absent employees after an accident at work. The use of coping strategies centered on the problem would be the main correlate (study 1) and predictor (study 3) of absenteeism of injured employees. All these results argue in favor of a work stoppage approach based on transactional stress model, in order to better understand this phenomenon and propose innovative methods of care for employees who have suffered an occupational accident.

A responsabilidade civil ligada aos acidentes de trabalho e às doenças ocupacionais é fonte de constantes preocupações de magistrados, doutrinadores e estudiosos do Direito do Trabalho, em especial após o advento da Emenda Constitucional nº 45/04. Em particular em sua vertente objetiva, que procura estabelecer a responsabilidade pelo risco da atividade, independentemente de culpa do agente. No entanto, há evidente lacuna no estudo da responsabilidade civil relacionada aos acidentes de trabalho e às doenças ocupacionais ligadas aos esportes profissionais. Conquanto os esportes envolvam elementos lúdicos e recreativos, sua prática profissional movimenta elevadas quantias de dinheiro e inúmeros feixes de contratos de trabalho. O alto índice de acidentes, lesões e enfermidades relacionadas ao esporte, que por vezes encerram prematuramente a carreira de atletas que ainda estão muito longe do estrelato, reclama a análise e a proteção jurídica conferidas pelo direito do trabalho, como direito social e fundamental. Este estudo se propõe a analisar os fundamentos jurídicos, doutrinários e jurisprudenciais, que inter-relacionam os campos da responsabilidade civil, do direito do trabalho e do esporte de alto rendimento, praticado profissionalmente. / The liability related to accidents at work and occupational diseases is a source of constant concern of judges, jurists and scholars of labor law, especially after the enactment of Constitutional Amendment No. 45/04. In particular in its objective aspect, which seeks to establish the liability for the risk of the activity, regardless of the agent\'s fault. However, there is an obvious gap in the study of the liability related to accidents at work and occupational diseases linked to professional sports. Although the playful and recreational elements involving sports, their professional practice moves large sums of money and numerous bundles of labor contracts. The high rate of accidents, injuries and illnesses related to sports, which sometimes prematurely terminate the career of athletes who are still far from stardom, claims analysis and legal protection conferred by labor law, as a social and fundamental right. This study aims to analyze the legal grounds, doctrinal and jurisprudential, which interrelate the fields of civil liability, labor law and high performance sport, practiced professionally.

58 teksto puslapiai, 15 lentelių, 9 paveikslų, 52 literatūros šaltiniai, 5 priedai. Darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti žmonių gelbėjimo, įvykus nelaimingam atsitikimui, aktualumą, atskleisti problemos aktualumą žemės ūkio gamyboje, ištirti žemės ūkio darbuotojų pasirengimą gelbėti mirtinai traumuotą žmogų ir pasiūlyti priemones šiam pasirengimui gerinti. Nustatyta, kad 60-70 proc. iš visų nelaimingų atsitikimų (NA) įvyksta dėl neteisingų dirbančiojo veiksmų. Išnagrinėtos žmogaus psichofizinės savybės, dėl jų susiformuojantys veiksniai, kurie tampa NA priežastimi. Nustatytos kai kurios priemonės, mažinančios šių priežasčių pasireiškimą. Aukštesnis saugumo lygmuo gali būti pasiektas diegiant naujų, sudėtingesnių pažangios technologijos pavojų kontrolę, tam kad aukšto lygio saugumas panaikintų pažangios technologijos pavojus bei tos priemonės butų įgyvendintos. Lietuvoje žemės ūkis pagal įvykusių NA darbe skaičių yra šeštoje vietoje iš penkiolikos tarp visų ekonominės veiklos rūšių. Atlikus sociologinį tyrimą, kuriame dalyvavo 241 žemės ūkio darbuotojai iš įvairių Lietuvos regionų, buvo nustatyta, kad ūkininkai du kartus dažniau nei samdomi darbuotojai sugebėtų gaivinti staiga mirusį žmogų. Atlikus eksperimentinius tyrimus, paaiškėjo, kad pirmosios pagalbos mokymo efektyvumas priklauso nuo mokymo metodų. / Thesis of Master: 58 pages, 15 tables, 9 pictures, 52 sources of literature, 5 appendixes. Research goal – analyse people life saving urgency during accident, discover problem importance in agriculture industry, examine agriculturists preparation for life saving to man who is deadly traumatized and propose a new measures to improve this preparation. It is established, that 60-70 proc. of all accidents are occurred because of wrong worker actions. Person‘s psychophysical characteristics, factors caused by these characteristics that become the reasons of accidents werw investigated. It was foreseen some means that decrease display of these reasons. A higher level of safety may be achieved through control of the new, more complicated risks of advanced technology if high-level safety complicated risks of advanced technology if high-level safety engineering has been implemented. In Lithuania agriculture industry is the sixth from the top in the list of fifteen kinds of economical activity in means of number of work accidents. After sociological investigation among 241 agriculture workers from different regions of Lithuania, we have discovered twice more farmers, comparing with hired labour men, know, how to act, when work accident has occured. The expermental investigation results proved dependence of right training methods to higher effectiveness of first aid training.

A responsabilidade civil ligada aos acidentes de trabalho e às doenças ocupacionais é fonte de constantes preocupações de magistrados, doutrinadores e estudiosos do Direito do Trabalho, em especial após o advento da Emenda Constitucional nº 45/04. Em particular em sua vertente objetiva, que procura estabelecer a responsabilidade pelo risco da atividade, independentemente de culpa do agente. No entanto, há evidente lacuna no estudo da responsabilidade civil relacionada aos acidentes de trabalho e às doenças ocupacionais ligadas aos esportes profissionais. Conquanto os esportes envolvam elementos lúdicos e recreativos, sua prática profissional movimenta elevadas quantias de dinheiro e inúmeros feixes de contratos de trabalho. O alto índice de acidentes, lesões e enfermidades relacionadas ao esporte, que por vezes encerram prematuramente a carreira de atletas que ainda estão muito longe do estrelato, reclama a análise e a proteção jurídica conferidas pelo direito do trabalho, como direito social e fundamental. Este estudo se propõe a analisar os fundamentos jurídicos, doutrinários e jurisprudenciais, que inter-relacionam os campos da responsabilidade civil, do direito do trabalho e do esporte de alto rendimento, praticado profissionalmente. / The liability related to accidents at work and occupational diseases is a source of constant concern of judges, jurists and scholars of labor law, especially after the enactment of Constitutional Amendment No. 45/04. In particular in its objective aspect, which seeks to establish the liability for the risk of the activity, regardless of the agent\'s fault. However, there is an obvious gap in the study of the liability related to accidents at work and occupational diseases linked to professional sports. Although the playful and recreational elements involving sports, their professional practice moves large sums of money and numerous bundles of labor contracts. The high rate of accidents, injuries and illnesses related to sports, which sometimes prematurely terminate the career of athletes who are still far from stardom, claims analysis and legal protection conferred by labor law, as a social and fundamental right. This study aims to analyze the legal grounds, doctrinal and jurisprudential, which interrelate the fields of civil liability, labor law and high performance sport, practiced professionally.

The aim of this thesis is to prepare a basic overview of the issue of prevention risks of occupational accidents at construction sites. Prevention is the only effective tool to prevent risks of occupational accidents and occupational diseases (health hazards). The thesis describes the procedures and methods to search, evaluation and risk prevention in the workplace and basic description of the standard ČSN OHSAS 18001. At the same time, there are also compared the results of statistical analysis of occupational accidents for the years 2006 to 2010 in the Czech Republic and selected construction company.

L’étude de la protection sociale de l’agriculteur victime d’accidents fait le constatd’inégalités manifestes entre les victimes elles-mêmes et entre le régime des accidents dutravail et celui du droit commun. Ces inégalités sont inhérentes à la qualité d’agriculteur ;qu’il soit salarié ou non, ce dernier ne bénéficie pas des mêmes droits. En outre, l’agriculteurblessé dans le cadre de son activité professionnelle n’aura qu’une réparation forfaitaire. Cettedernière tend à compenser la perte de revenu et l’incidence professionnelle de l’accident.L’indemnisation des préjudices personnels est exclue, sauf dans l’hypothèse d’une fauteinexcusable de l’employeur. Quant aux victimes d’accidents de droit commun, leur protectionsociale n’est optimisée que si elles possèdent une complémentaire prévoyance qui va parfaireles remboursements en espèces et en nature du régime agricole. En dehors de la prise encharge du régime légal de base, la réparation des accidents de droit commun tend à êtreintégrale. Afin que toutes les victimes d’accidents soient traitées de manière égale par le droitet qu’une réparation de tous leurs préjudices puisse être réalisée, nous préconisons dessolutions pour tenter de faire disparaître les inégalités entre les agriculteurs victimesd’accidents. / The study of the social welfare of the farmer victim of accidents reveals theexistence of disparities between the victims themselves and between the industrial accidentsand the common law. These disparities are inherent to farmer’s quality; whether he isemployed or not, the latter does not benefit from the same rights. In addition, the injuredfarmer in the course of his professional activity will have only a fixed compensation. Thelatter tends to compensate the loss of income and the professional incidence of the accident.Compensation for personal injury is excluded except in the hypothesis of unforgivablemisconduct of the employer. As for the victims of accidents of common law, their socialwelfare is only optimized if they possess a top up insurance plan that will completerepayments in cash and in kind of the agricultural system. Except the coverage of the basiclegal system, the compensation of accidents of common law tends to be complete. In order toensure that all accident victims are treated with equal manner by law and that compensationfor all their injuries can be achieved, we recommend solutions so that the disparities betweenthe farmers victims of accidents can disappear.

La presente tesi si focalizza sullo studio delle determinanti e delle conseguenze del rischio sul lavoro e degli incidenti occupazionali nel mercato del lavoro. Il primo contributo (Capitolo 1) fornisce una rassegna critica all'interno di un quadro di analisi armonizzato allo scopo di evidenziare le debolezze della letteratura teorica ed empirica, che si occupa di rischio sul lavoro e dei incidenti occupazionali. Nell’ indagare le determinanti degli incidenti sul lavoro (Capitolo 2), si analizza il ruolo delle condizioni di lavoro e della sicurezza sul posto di lavoro nel ridurre la probabilità di un infortunio e la durata della relativa assenza, tema inesplorato nella limitata letteratura empirica. I nostri risultati forniscono evidenze cross-country che una maggiore sicurezza contribuisce a ridurre la probabilità che un incidente si verifichi e le corrispondenti conseguenze, in termini di giorni di assenza per infortunio. Particolare attenzione viene posta nel considerare il ruolo delle regolamentazioni sulla sicurezza e delle pratiche di organizzazione del lavoro. Il Capitolo 3 studia le conseguenze degli infortuni. Ci si concentra a determinare come un incidente possa influenzare i costi sostenuti dal lavoratori, vale a dire una riduzione delle probabilità di occupazione e perdite salariali, sia nel breve sia lungo periodo. Utilizzando i dati BHPS, si trova che, nel breve periodo, uno stato di infortunio, in seguito ad un incidente occupazionale, porta ad una maggiore probabilità di perdere il lavoro; nel lungo periodo, i lavoratori infortunati possono subire consistenti perdite salariali che possono essere evitate se il lavoratore è occupato nel settore pubblico o in imprese sindacalizzate. / This dissertation focuses on investigating the determinants and the consequences of risk at work and occupational accidents in the labour market. The first contribution (Chapter 1) provides a critical survey within an harmonized framework of analysis to highlight the weaknesses of the theoretical and empirical literature. In investigating the determinants of accidents at work (Chapter 2), we analyze the role of working conditions and safety at work in reducing the probability of accidents at work and the corresponding duration of absence, which is an unexplored issue in the limited empirically literature on risk at work and occupational accidents. Our findings provide cross-country evidence that more safety at work contributes to reduce the probability that an accident occurs and its consequences, in terms of days off from work. Particular attention is used in considering the role of safety at work regulations and of work organization practices. Chapter 3 studies the consequences of occupational injuries. We focus in determining how an accident may affect workers’ costs, namely a decline of employment probabilities and earning losses, either in the short or in the long term. Using the BHPS data, we find that, in the short term, a state of injury, following an occupational accident, leads to a higher probability of losing job; in the long term, injured workers may support significant earning losses that may vanish if they are employed in the public sector or in unionized firms.