Contemporary product and production development is typically carried out with the support of computer tools where the design of products and workstations are originated and evaluated within virtual environments. Ergonomics addresses factors important to consider in the product and production development process to ensure a good fit between humans and the items being designed. Digital human modelling (DHM) tools enable simulations and analyses of ergonomics in virtual environments. Anthropometry is central when using DHM tools for product and production development to ensure that the design fits the intended proportion of the targeted population from a physical perspective. Several methods have been prescribed to consider the anthropometric diversity that exists within human populations. Still many DHM based simulations in product and production development processes are done with approaches that are poor in representing anthropometric diversity. Hence, there is a need for better tools and methods that would support DHM tool users to more effectively and efficiently consider anthropometric diversity in the design process. In this thesis current methods for anthropometric diversity considerations have been reviewed and new methods and functionality have been developed and implemented in a DHM tool. Mathematical models have been developed to consider three specific parts important to the consideration of anthropometric diversity: generation of suitable test cases, prediction of missing anthropometric data and implementation of more diverse anthropometric variables such as strength and flexibility. Results show that the proposed methods are accurate and advantageous compared to approaches often used in industry today. The mathematical models for generation of suitable test cases and prediction of missing anthropometric data have been implemented in an anthropometric software module. The module has undergone usability testing with industry DHM tools users. The developed anthropometric module is shown to answer to relevant needs of DHM tool users and fit into the work processes related to DHM simulations and ergonomics analyses utilised in industry today.

The Canadian population is aging, as is the Canadian workforce. Today, four generations find themselves cohabiting in the workforce together. This may have an impact on workplace collaboration and communication, as both of these processes are influenced by group perceptions. Academic research has focused upon workplace interactions mainly from a younger worker’s perspective; hence, the older worker’s voice has been overlooked. The objective of this study is thereby from an older worker’s perspective, to understand how generations perceive each other in the workplace, and further, understand how these perceptions influence intergenerational communication and collaboration. To do so, we have relied upon Communication Accommodation Theory and Social Identity Theory, and have conducted a survey to measure the influence of ageist stereotypes on communication and its accommodation, in addition to such influences on knowledge transfer. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Dans la plupart des applications concernant un fluide s'écoulant sur une surface solide, la condition de non-glissement est largement utilisée car elle est simple et produit des résultats en accord avec les expériences. Toutefois, cette condition de limite n'est plus appropriée lorsque l'écoulement considéré est à l'échelle micro ou nano-métrique. Pour modéliser cet effet à l'échelle macroscopique, les conditions aux limites de Navier ont été introduites, avec la longueur de glissement comme paramètre. Lorsque le fluide est un gaz, cette longueur est liée au coefficient d'accommodation tangentiel (TMAC) et au libre parcours moyen, selon le modèle de Maxwell. Le but de ce travail est de traiter systématiquement ce modèle par une approche multi échelle et de l'étendre en incorporant la morphologie et l'anisotropie de la surface. La thèse est composée de cinq chapitres. Après l'Introduction, les notions de base de la théorie cinétique des gaz, l'équation de Boltzmann et les solutions associées (Navier-Stokes-Fourier, Burnett, Grad, Direct Simulation Monte Carlo…) sont rappelées dans le chapitre 1. Les modèles d'interaction gaz-paroi ainsi que les modèles de glissement introduits dans le cadre le la mécanique des fluides sont aussi rappelés. Le chapitre se termine par la description de la méthode de calcul par dynamique moléculaire (MD) utilisée dans ce travail. Le chapitre 2 est dédié au développement d'une technique simple afin de simuler les écoulements induits par la pression. Le principe est de se baser sur les formules atomistiques du tenseur des contraintes (Irving Kirkwood, Méthode de Plan, Contraintes Virielles) et de modifier les conditions périodiques, tout en maintenant la différence entre l'énergie cinétique des atomes à l'entrée et à sortie du domaine de calcul. Plusieurs types de conduite sont étudiés avec cette technique. Les résultats (température, vitesses, …) sont discutés et comparés. Le chapitre 3 concerne l'étude du potentiel d'interaction gaz-paroi par la méthode ab-initio. Le code CRYSTAL 09 est utilisé pour obtenir le potentiel entre un atome d'argon (Ar) et une surface de platine (Pt) <111> en fonction de la distance. Ensuite, le potentiel atome/surface est décomposé en potentiel binaire et approché par une fonction analytique. Cette fonction est ensuite implémentée dans un code MD pour simuler les collisions gaz-paroi et déterminer le coefficient TMAC.Dans le chapitre 4, l'effet de morphologie est étudié. Le potentiel multi-corps Quantum Sutton Chen(QSC) est utilisé pour le solide Pt <100> et un des potentiels binaires étudié dans le chapitre précédent pour le couple Ar-Pt. Le potentiel QSC est nécessaire pour reproduire l'effet de surface qui affecte le résultat final. Différentes surfaces sont traitées : surface lisse, surface nanostructurée, surface aléatoire obtenue par déposition de vapeur (CVD). Le coefficient TMAC est déterminé de façon généralisée, c.à.d en fonction de l'angle du flux d'atomes incidents sur la surface. Les anisotropies de surface et le noyau de collision sont également examinés. Dans le chapitre 5, on propose un modèle de glissement anisotrope pour les fluides en fonction du tenseur d'accommodation. Le modèle est obtenu par les calculs analytiques approchés développés dans le cadre de la théorie cinétique. On a ainsi généralisé l'équation de Maxwell en montrant que le tenseur de longueur de glissement est directement lié au tenseur d'accommodation. Le modèle est en bon accord avec les résultats de la méthode MD. Concernant la simulation MD, on a développé une technique pour reproduire l'anisotropie du tenseur d'accommodation. Le mémoire de thèse se termine par une synthèse des résultats obtenus. Des perspectives pour de futures études sont proposées / In most applications concerning a fluid flowing over a solid surface, the no-slip velocity condition was widely used because it is simple and produces the results in agreement with experiments. However, this dynamical boundary condition is not appropriate when the flow under consideration is at a micro or nano length scale.In order to model this effect at the macroscopic scale, the Navier boundary conditions have been introduced, with the slip length as a parameter. When the fluid is a gas, this length is related to the tangential momentum accommodation coefficient (TMAC) and the mean free path, according to the Maxwell model. The aim of this work is to systematically address this model using a multi-scale approach and to extend it by incorporating both the morphology and the anisotropy of a surface. The thesis consists of five chapters. In Chapter 1, the basics of the kinetic theory of gases, the Boltzmann equation and related solutions (Navier-Stokes-Fourier, Burnett, Grad, Direct Simulation Monte Carlo ...) are briefly presented. The models of gas-wall interaction and slip models introduced in the fluid mechanics are also recalled. The chapter ends with a description of the computational method used for the molecular dynamics simulations performed in this work. Chapter 2 is dedicated to the development of a simple technique to simulate the pressure driven flows. The principle is to rely on the atomistic formulas of the stress tensor (Irving Kirkwood, Method of Plane, Virial Stress) and to modify the periodic conditions by maintaining the difference between the kinetic energy of the ingoing and outgoing particles of the simulation domain. Several types of channels are studied with this technique. The results (temperature, velocity ...) are discussed and compared. Chapter 3 deals with the study of the gas-wall interaction potential by the ab-initio method. The code CRYSTAL 09 is used to obtain the potential between an atom of argon (Ar) and a surface of platinum (Pt) <111> as a function of distance. Then the gas-wall potential is decomposed into binary potential and approached by an analytic function. This function is then implemented in a MD code to simulate the gas-wall collisions and determine the TMAC coefficient. In Chapter 4, the effect of morphology is studied. The multi-body Quantum Sutton Chen (QSC) potential is used for Pt <100> solid and the binary potential proposed in the previous chapter for the Ar-Pt couple is employed. The QSC potential is needed to reproduce the surface effects that affect the final results. Different surfaces are treated : smooth, nanostructured surface and, random surface obtained by Chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The TMAC is determined using a generalized approach, i.e. depending on the angle of incident flux of gas atoms on the surface. The surface anisotropy and the scattering kernel are also examined. In Chapter 5, we propose a model of anisotropic slip for fluids based on accommodation tensor. The model is obtained by the analytical approximate calculations developed in the framework of the kinetic theory. We thus generalize Maxwell's equation by showing that the slip length tensor is directly related to the accommodation tensor. The model is in good agreement with the MD results. Thanks to our MD simulations, we develop a suitable technique for reproducing the anisotropy of the accommodation tensor. The thesis ends with a conclusion section in which we suggest some perspectives for a continuation of this work

The main target of this Master's Thesis is to create a business plan of the Mountain Guest House in the Jizerské Mountains and an assessment of the profitability of this project. The theoretical framework summarises the definition of terms such as entrepreneurial activity, business, entrepreneur, attention is also given to the requirements and structure of an entrepreneurial plan and a promoter's budget. Further described methods enable an analysis of the competitive business environment. The practical Framework describes the planned project, in-depth market analysis of accommodation services in the Jizerské Mountains, analysis of the competition and target customers. The Master's Thesis also includes a marketing plan alongside with a financial plan, allowing an evaluation of the feasibility of the business plan.

The thesis analyses and evaluates a marketing strategy of the Grandhotel Pupp in comparison with its direct competitor, the Ambassador Grandhotel Narodni dum. The thesis focuses mainly on evaluating the online atributes of the marketing strategy including the online presentation of the hotel on all distribution channels the hotel uses. The main emphasis is put on current trends, because in marketing, these play the crucial role. First part of the thesis defines accommodation services, hospitality business specifics and specifics of marketing in hospitality. Second part evaluates the marketing techniques used on hotel s various distribution chanels. The second part then also compares all the activities used in marketing strategy of both above mentioned hotels.

This thesis deals with reimbursement of travel expenses for domestic and foreign business trips. The thesis contains the information necessary to determine the correct value of the individual types of travel expenses. First, the principles applied in the provision of travel expenses are discussed. Then business trips and conditions of their realization are defined. The core of the thesis presents description of fare, food allowance, accommodation and necessary incidental expenses for domestic and foreign business trips. Flat-rate compensation and conditions of use are also mentioned. The issue of providing travel expenses is also considered in terms of taxes. Next part of the thesis describes using of exchange rates when travelling abroad and shows how to account advance payments and claims for travel expenses in double-entry accounting. Discussed problems are interlined with practical examples for better understanding. At the end of the thesis, a comprehensive example of calculation and charging of travel expenses is contained.

The thesis deals with specific segments of the senior travel tourism, as an important type of travel tourism in the Czech republic. The specific charackteritics of demands and preferences of seniors are stated. The quality and amount of the services in travel tourism are evaluated and analyzed. Further, the thesis evaluates subjects offering specific products and services for seniors on the Czech market, in particular activities of tour operators, travel agencies and accommodation providers. These subjects are important involved organizations in the changing society according to the process of ageing of population. Also on this account, seniour travel tourism has a big potential to develop. In the conclusion, all the assumptions of the development of senior travel tourism in the Czech republic are evaluated. The goal of the thesis is to analyze and evaluate the level of the services and products being offered to seniors in the Czech republic.

Automated start–up and shutdown procedures increase the profitability and safety of a process, but are difficult to implement due to the complex nature of the concepts that must be incorporated. Generic components used specifically for the implementation of automated startup and shutdown procedures were defined to streamline the implementation process. The generic components developed are based on Sequential Function Charts and were applied to the startup of a fixed–bed gasification unit, for which a dynamic simulation model was developed. The application showed that the automated startup can be defined by a few generic components and that the flexibility of the startup procedure is increased through the incorporation of a fault accommodation module. The use of a visual–based definition of sequential processes increases the understanding of the complex scheduling procedures as well as the efficiency of the development of these automated procedures. In addition, iterative learning was incorporated into the generic definition to optimise controller performance during the non–linear phases of operation. / Dissertation (MEng (Control Engineering))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Chemical Engineering / MEng / Unrestricted

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No. of bitstreams: 1 TCC_Wagner_Direito_Negócios_16_set.pdf: 1220699 bytes, checksum: 67fb7c7d2bac432c741a2cea0b1062f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-21 / O presente trabalho tem como objeto a análise jurídica da responsabilidade civil das agências de turismo online na intermediação de serviços de hospedagem. O mundo hoje é predominantemente digital e, para acompanhar essa evolução tecnológica, novos modelos de negócios surgem em uma velocidade nunca vista anteriormente, desafiando constantemente o direito. Nesse ambiente inovador, pretende-se demonstrar, com estudos de legislações esparsas, como a doutrina e os magistrados do Superior Tribunal de Justiça, do Tribunal de Justiça e dos Juizados Especiais Cíveis do estado de São Paulo contemplam o modelo de negócios das agências de turismo com os hóspedes e com as acomodações. Identificou-se, por amostragem não probabilística, que magistrados têm mais de um entendimento acerca da responsabilidade civil, especialmente a partir do ano de 2015, quando se encontram decisões a favor da ilegitimidade passiva das agências online, embora essa posição não seja majoritária. Em meio a tantas inovações em tecnologia, ensejadoras de autêntico progresso social, deparamos com decisões judiciais contraditórias e excessos que não refletem o novo modelo de negócios de reservas de acomodações. / This paper aims at the legal analysis of civil liability of online travel agencies in the intermediation of accommodation services. The world today is predominantly digital and to keep up with this technological evolution new business models emerge at a speed never seen before, constantly challenging the law. In this innovative environment, it is intended to demonstrate, with studies of sparse legislation, how the doctrine and judges from the Superior Court of Justice, the Court of Justice and Special Small Claim Courts of the state of São Paulo contemplate the business model of travel agencies before the guests and the accommodations. It has been identified by non-probabilistic samplings that judges have more than one legal understanding about civil liability, especially from 2015 onwards, when there are decisions in favor of the passive illegitimacy of online agencies, albeit it is not the majority decision. Amidst so many innovations in technology, as it entices social progress, we face contradictory judicial decisions and excesses that do not reflect the new business model of accommodation reservations.

The article examines how the German city of Leipzig governs the housing of asylum seekers. Leipzig was a frontrunner in organizing the decentralized accommodation of asylum seekers when adopting its accommodation concept in 2012. This concept aimed at integrating asylum-seeking persons in the regular housing market at an early stage of arrival. However, since then, the city of Leipzig faces more and more challenges in implementing the concept. This is particularly due to the increasingly tight situation on the housing market while the number of people seeking protection increased and partly due to discriminating and xenophobic attitudes on the side of house owners and managers. Therefore, we argue that the so-called refugee crisis of 2015–2016 has to be seen in close interaction with a growing general housing shortage in Leipzig like in many other large European cities. Furthermore, we understand the municipal governing of housing as a contested field regarding its entanglement of diverse federal levels and policy scales, the diversity of stakeholders involved, and its dynamic change over the last years. We analyze this contested field set against the current context of arrival and dynamic urban growth on a local level. Based on empirical qualitative research that was conducted by us in 2016, Leipzig’s local specifics will be investigated under the umbrella of our conceptual framework of Governance of Arrival. The issues of a strained housing market and the integration of asylum seekers in it do not apply only to Leipzig, but shed light on similar developments in other European Cities.