Bakgrund: Narkolepsi är en kronisk neurologisk sjukdom som påverkar hjärnans förmåga att reglera hormonet hypokretin, vars uppgift är att reglera aptit, sömn och vakenhet. Narkolepsi delas in i två typer, Typ 1 och Typ 2. Fysisk inaktivitet har påvisat öka besvären med överväldigande dagtrötthet och personer med narkolepsi är mindre fysiskt aktiva än friska personer.  Syfte: Undersöka och kartlägga hälsorelaterad livskvalitet och fysisk aktivitet hos en grupp individer med narkolepsi, jämföra åldersskillnader samt undersöka om det finns ett samband mellan dessa variabler.  Metod: Tvärsnittsstudie med icke-experimentell design. Individer från 16 år inkluderades i undersökningsgruppen (n=70). Deltagarna rekryterades via Narkolepsiföreningen genom en sluten Facebook-grupp och ett mejlutskick från deras kansli.  Resultat: Lägre dimensionspoäng inom samtliga dimensioner från RAND-36 kunde påvisas för deltagarna jämfört med normalpopulationen samt att majoriteten av deltagarna uppnår rekommendationerna för fysisk aktivitet per vecka. Signifikant skillnad mellan åldersgrupperna kunde enbart påvisas inom dimensionerna Rollfunktion (emotionell) och Psykiskt välbefinnande. Det fanns en signifikant positiv låg korrelation mellan rapporterade aktivitetsminuter och dimensionen Fysisk funktion.  Konklusion: Resultatet i undersökningen visar på trots att majoriteten av deltagarna uppnår rekommendationerna för fysisk aktivitet skattade de lågt för dimensioner kopplade till psykologiska och sociala aspekter. Det behövs således vidare forskning för att undersöka olika fysiska interventioners effekt på den hälsorelaterade livskvaliteten hos individer med narkolepsi. Resultatet visar även på att det finns ett behov av multimodalt bemötande med fokus på bio-psyko-sociala aspekterna. / Background: Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological illness that effects the brain’s capacity to produce the hypocretin hormone, whose function is to regulate appetite, sleep and alertness. Narcolepsy is divided into two groups, Type 1 and Type 2. Physical inactivity has shown to increase the symptoms of excessive daytime sleepiness and individuals with narcolepsy is less physically active than healthy individuals.  Purpose: To study and chart health-related quality of life and physical activity level in a group of individuals with narcolepsy, to compare age-differences and also to explore whether there is a correlation between these variables.  Method: Cross-sectional study with a non-experimental design. Participants from 16 years old were included in the sample group (n=70). The participants were recruited by Narkolepsiföreningen through a closed Facebook-group and through e-mail from their chancellery.  Results: A lower score within all dimensions could be shown for the participants and that the majority of the participants reach the recommendation for physical activity each week. A significantly difference between the age-groups was disclosed within the dimensions Social functioning and Mental health. There was a significant positive low correlation between reported physical activity levels and the dimension Physical function.  Conclusion: The results in this study show that even though the majority of the participants reach the recommendations for physical activity, the dimensions that were related to psychological and social aspects were low. Thus, further research is needed to study the effect of different physical interventions on the health-related quality of life in individuals with narcolepsy. The results also show that there is a need for a multimodal approach with focus on the biological, psychological and social aspects.

Background: Hemodialysis patients (HDP) often suffer from kidney failure with comorbidities, such as depression, anxiety and stress. Physical activity (PA) has a positive influence on these comorbidities. Objective: The purpose was to determine the current level of PA and identify potential correlates influencing PA in HDP to deduce prevention approaches. Material and methods: Data were collected in 13 dialysis centers in Bavaria. A standardized questionnaire was used to analyze PA (EHIS-PAQ) and influencing factors in 240 HDP. Gender differences were calculated using the t‑test and the Mann-Whitney U‑test (significance level p < 0.05). For correlation analyses with PA, Spearman’s correlation coefficient rs and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used. Results: The results showed that HDP were on average moderately active for 76.31 min per week (standard deviation, SD 124.02 min). Male HDP were less active and showed significantly more depressive symptoms than female HDP (p < 0.05). The HDP who were more active assessed their subjective health condition on a higher level than HDP who were not active. Depression, stress, and age showed a negative association and sport-specific self-efficacy a positive association with PA (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that sport-specific self-efficacy increased the chance of becoming physically active while depression reduced the chance of achieving 150 min PA. Conclusion: The majority of HDP were barely active. The results reveal the necessity to further promote PA in patients with chronic renal failure. Physicians should be aware of patients’ self-efficacy as well as depressive symptoms and develop concepts that strengthen the self-efficacy and promote the positive effects of PA on health.

Hyperactivity is currently considered a core and ubiquitous feature of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, an alternative model challenges this premise and hypothesizes a functional relationship between working memory (WM) and activity level. The current study investigated whether children s activity level is functionally related to WM demands associated with the domain-general central executive and subsidiary storage/rehearsal components using tasks based on Baddeley s (2007) WM model. Activity level was objectively measured 16 times per second using wrist- and ankle-worn actigraphs while 23 boys between 8 and 12 years of age completed control tasks and visuospatial/phonological WM tasks of increasing memory demands. All children exhibited significantly higher activity rates under all WM relative to control conditions, and children with ADHD (n=12) moved significantly more than typically developing children (n=11) under all conditions. Activity level in all children was associated with central executive but not storage/rehearsal functioning, and higher activity rates exhibited by children with ADHD under control conditions were fully attenuated by removing variance directly related to central executive processes.

<p><p>Objective:</p><p>This study aimed to investigate the correlation between physical activity level (PAL), measured with activity diary and accelerometer, among overweight and obese children and adolescents. The aim was also to study differences in PAL between girls and boys.</p><p>Design:</p><p>55 children and adolescents, whom been subjected to a physical activity registration with a physical activity diary and accelerometer during three or four days, were included in this study. From the data received from the children’s journal records PAL was calculated and compiled for statistic analysis.</p><p>Results:</p><p>The results of the study showed that the children underestimated their physical activity level when measured with activity diary, in comparison with the physical activity level measured with accelerometer. Differences between girl and boys PAL values were not statistically significant, although the girls PAL values from the accelerometer, but not from the activity diary, reached a moderate activity level according to Nordic nutrition recommendation. No correlation between the activity diary and accelerometer was found.</p><p>Conclusions:</p><p>The Activity diary can not be used as solitary instrument to mesure physical activity in obese or overweight children.</p><p>There is no validated way to measure physical activity in overweight or obese children.</p><p>Before studies can be conducted with reliable results, physical activity level scales and calculated BMR must be designed for overweight and obese children.</p></p>

Syftet var att undersöka aktivitetsnivå och måltidsvanor hos skolungdomar i årskurs 6-9 efter en intervention, och jämföra de uppnådda resultaten med en kontrollgrupp, samt jämföra mellan flickor och pojkar. Hallands Idrottsförbund startade med stöd av Region Halland ett projekt på en skola i Halland, för att öka den fysiska aktiviteten bland eleverna i samarbete med olika idrottsliga föreningar. Detta var en kvantitativ studie och enkäter användes som datainsamlingsmetod. Resultatet visade att den aktiva gruppen hade fler idrottslektioner i veckan än kontrollgruppen. Inga andra skillnader påvisades. Mellan flickor och pojkar sågs betydligt fler skillnader. Pojkar var genomgående mer fysisk aktiva än flickorna. Mer fokus bör därför läggas på att nå flickorna och öka utövandet av den fysiska aktiviteten. Förutsättningar behöver skapas för alla, men framför allt för de som är fysiskt inaktiva.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka den fysiska aktivitetsnivån hos de anställda samt ta reda på vilka motivationsfaktorer och barriärer de upplevde till fysisk aktivitet. Syftet innefattade även att se om motiv och barriärer skiljde sig beroende på aktivitetsnivå, ålder och kön. En del av syftet var även att undersöka hur aktiviteten kring företagets erbjudande till fysisk aktivitet såg ut. Undersökningen genomfördes genom att deltagarna (n=139) besvarade en omarbetad form av Motivation Till Upprätthållande Av Motionsvanor (MTUAM), en svensk version av Physical Activity Stages Of Change samt några bakgrundsfrågor. Resultatet visade att 55 procent var tillräckligt fysiskt aktiva enligt Folkhälsoinstitutets rekommendationer. Resultatet visade även att de främsta motivationsfaktorerna var förbättrad kondition, förbättrad hälsa samt ökad fysisk styrka. De främsta barriärerna var mycket att göra i hemmet, stress/tidsbrist och brist på motivation. Resultatet visade även att det fanns signifikanta skillnader i motiv och barriärer beroende på aktivitetsnivå och kön. Det fanns även en signifikant skillnad mellan ålder och motiv. Det framkom att 28 procent utnyttjar företagets erbjudande till fysisk aktivitet och att de främsta orsakerna till att det inte utnyttjades var tidsbrist, avsaknad av målsättning samt att de tränar på egen hand. Resultatet diskuterades sedan i förhållande till den tidigare forskningen. / The purpose of this study was to investigate the employees physical activity level and to identify the motivators and barriers they experienced to physical activity. The purpose included investigating if the motives and barriers differed depending on activity level, age and gender. It also examined the activity the company’s offer of physical activity concerning. The participants (n=139) responded to a revised form of Motivation for Maintenance of Exercise Habits (MTUAM), a Swedish version of the Physical Activity Stages of Change and a few background questions. The results showed that 55 percent were sufficiently physically active according to the recommendations of the Swedish Institute of Public Health. The results also showed that the main motivation factors were improved fitness, improved health and greater physical strength. The main barriers were a lot to do at home, stress/lack of time and lack of motivation. The results also showed that there were significant differences in motivations and barriers depending on activity level and gender. There also was a significant difference between age and motives. It was discovered that 28 percent used the company’s offer of physical activity. The main reasons why it was not used were lack of time, lack of goals and that they train on their own. The results were then discussed in relation to the research.

The purposes of this study were to examine (a) health promoting behaviors, (b) physical activity levels, (c) exercise stages of change levels, and (d) exercise preferences of students who had just entered the university by gender and residence. Participants were 438 students from Middle East Technical University (METU) English Preparatory school. Adolescent Health Promotion Scale (AHPS), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Physical Activity Stages of Change Questionnaire (PASCQ), and Physical Activity Preferences Check-list were used for the data collection. Descriptive statistics, nonparametric statistical methods (Mann Whitney U test, Pearson chi-square test), and a one-way MANOVA were used for the data analysis. According to AHPS results, female students&amp / #8217 / health promoting behaviors were better than those of male students except exercise behavior. Students living at home had higher scores on nutrition behavior and students living in dormitory had higher scores on stress management behavior (p &lt / .05). According to the IPAQ results, male students were more physically active than female counterparts. Students who were living in dormitory had higher physical activity levels than students living at home (p &lt / .05). PASCQ findings indicated no significant differences on the exercise stages of change levels by gender and residence (p &gt / .05). In general, students were at pre-contemplation 9.2%, contemplation 39.3%, preparation 27.8%, action 14.5%, and maintenance 9.2% stages. Swimming, walking, and table tennis were the three most frequently preferred physical activities. In conclusion, female students had better health promoting behaviors than those of male students except exercise behavior. Female students and students living at home were more at risk of inactivity. Approximately 80% of the METU English Preparatory school students&amp / #8217 / physical activity levels were not satisfactory for a healthy life. University physical activity facilities, extracurricular programs and the courses should be reconsidered to support the health promoting behaviors of these students.

The purposes of this study were to test the effect of four-week PACE&copy / program in increasing participants&rsquo / physical activity level and stages of change and examine the relationship between physical activity level and stages of change. A controlled trial, experimental design was applied. Physical activity level and stages of change were recorded at baseline and at study conclusion. For the data collection What is Your PACE Score Questionnaire, FADA Questionnaire and Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR&ndash / Q) were used. Descriptive statistics, one way repeated measures of ANOVA and simple linear correlation were used to analyze data. Participants were 182 women Middle East Technical University personnel from different units. Study participants were randomized into intervention and control groups. 87 women received the PACE&copy / program were compared 95 women in the control group who did not receive PACE&copy / program. The intervention group received PACE&copy / program with respect to their stages and a booster phone call or e-mail two weeks later after counseling. After 4 weeks, all participants were reassessed for stages of change and physical activity level. There was a significant difference in measurement of physical activity level and stages of change between intervention and control group before and after intervention. The intervention group&rsquo / physical activity level (p &lt / .05) and stages of change (p &lt / .10) increased but the control group decreased. Besides, changes in physical activity level were moderately and positively correlated with stages of change.

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the physical activity levels and the time management practices of selected university students, and to identify the differences between physical activity levels and time management practices in terms of gender. The subjects of this study were 128 male (55,9%) and 101 female (44,1%) university students from six universities in istanbul, Turkey which were selected on a volunteer basis. The Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire (PAAQ) and the Time Management Questionnaire (TMQ) were used to gather data. The data were analyzed by employing a Statistical Package for Social Statistics. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The level .05 of significance was selected. There was significant correlation between total hours spend in a week and time planning, and negative correlation between time wasters. There was significant correlation between total MET spend in an hour and time attitudes, between total MET intensities and time attitudes. According to Chi-squared analysis gender difference is dependent of the PA levels in terms of &ldquo / sport MET&rdquo / and &ldquo / total MET&rdquo / intensities. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) indicated a significant main effect. Subsequent unvaried analysis indicated differences in Time Management in terms of gender.

This study examined the effects of social-ecological intervention on physical activity (PA) knowledge level and behaviors of rural middle school students. A pre-test post-test control group design was constructed. In addition, qualitative data was collected by focus group discussions after the post-test in experimental group. Two schools from similar rural settings were identified as experimental and control schools. In total 62 students from 6, 7, 8 grades of these schools participated in this study. Experimental school PA environment was changed based on the social-ecological model (SEM) with a focus on intrapersonal, interpersonal, community level, organizational factors, and public policies related with PA. Turkish version of health related fitness (HRF) knowledge test, v pedometer, exercise stages of change, PA self-efficacy, social support, and PA enjoyment questionnaires were used to gather information for the dependent variables for the present study. A focus group discussion was implemented in experimental school. Repeated Measures ANOVA was used for the numerical data analysis. Focus group transcriptions were analyzed by content analysis method. According to HRF knowledge and PA analysis, experimental school students significantly improved their HRF knowledge scores, PA levels, social support compared to the control group students (p&lt / 0.05). Focus groups results supported the quantitative findings. In conclusion, this study indicated the value of SEM in improving the health related fitness knowledge, PA level and social support of students in rural context. Improving the rural school context for PA promotion by SEM is strongly recommended.