Objective: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between physical activity level (PAL), measured with activity diary and accelerometer, among overweight and obese children and adolescents. The aim was also to study differences in PAL between girls and boys. Design: 55 children and adolescents, whom been subjected to a physical activity registration with a physical activity diary and accelerometer during three or four days, were included in this study. From the data received from the children’s journal records PAL was calculated and compiled for statistic analysis. Results: The results of the study showed that the children underestimated their physical activity level when measured with activity diary, in comparison with the physical activity level measured with accelerometer. Differences between girl and boys PAL values were not statistically significant, although the girls PAL values from the accelerometer, but not from the activity diary, reached a moderate activity level according to Nordic nutrition recommendation. No correlation between the activity diary and accelerometer was found. Conclusions: The Activity diary can not be used as solitary instrument to mesure physical activity in obese or overweight children. There is no validated way to measure physical activity in overweight or obese children. Before studies can be conducted with reliable results, physical activity level scales and calculated BMR must be designed for overweight and obese children.

Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka sambandet mellan fysisk aktivitetsnivå, depressiva symtom och funktionshinder hos personer med Parkinsons sjukdom. Därtill kartlägga fysisk aktivitetsnivå, depressiva symtom samt funktionshinder bland personer med Parkinsons. Bakgrund: Parkinsons sjukdom är en av de mest förekommande neurodegenerativa sjukdomarna. Sjukdomen är kopplad till både motoriska och icke-motoriska symtom såsom depressiva symtom. Metod: 30 personer inkluderades i denna studie. I denna studie användes IPAQ-SF för att mäta fysisk aktivitetsnivå, MADRS-S för att mäta depressiva symtom samt WHODAS 2.0 för att skatta funktionshinder. Formulären sammanställdes i en webbenkät som publicerades via länk på Facebooksidor ägnade åt Parkinsons sjukdom. Resultat: Utav inkluderade i studien hade 4 (13.3%) låg fysisk aktivitetsnivå, 13 (43.3%) måttlig samt 13 (43.3%) hög. 16 (53.3%) klassades som väsentligen obesvärad, 11 (36.7%) som mild depression, 3 (10.0%) som måttlig samt ingen som svår depression. Bland de inkluderade var medianen för WHODAS 2.0 enligt följande: förstå och kommunicera 3.5 (2.0-5.0), förflyttning 4.5 (2.5-6.5), personlig vård 2.0 (2.0-3.5), relationer 4.0 (3.0-5.5), dagliga aktiviteter 4.5 (3.0-6.5) samt delaktighet i samhället 4.0 (3.0-6.0). Sambandet mellan fysisk aktivitetsnivå och depressiva symtom gav r=0.31 p=0.10. Sambandet mellan fysisk aktivitetsnivå och funktionshinder visade r=0.45 p=0.02. Sambandet mellan depressiva symtom och funktionshinder visade r=0.74 p=0.01. Slutsatser: En måttlig till hög fysisk aktivitetsnivå var vanligt. Likaså var förekomsten av depression omfattande. Förekomsten av funktionshinder var därutöver relativt låg. Korrelationen mellan samtliga variabler anses vara låg frånsett den mellan depressiva symtom och funktionshinder, vilken var måttlig. / Aim: The aim of this study is to explore the correlation between physical activity level, depressive symptoms and health and function in persons with Parkinson’s disease. In addition, this study aims to examine and map physical activity level, depressive symptoms and health and function among persons with Parkinson’s disease. Background: Parkinson’s disease is one the most widespread neurodegenerative diseases. The disease can present itself in either motor or non-motor symptoms, such as depressive symptoms. Method: 30 participants were included in this study. IPAQ-SF was used to measure physical activity level, MADRS-S to measure depressive symptoms and WHODAS 2.0 to measure health and function. The questionnaires were compiled in a web survey which was then posted on various Facebook pages aimed at Parkinson’s disease. Results: Among participants included 4 (13.3%) had low physical activity level, 13 (43.3%) moderate and 13 (43.3%) high. 16 (53.3%) were classed as having no depression, 11 (36.7%) as mild depression, 3 (10.0%) as moderate and none as severe depression. The median for the respective domain of were as follows: cognition 3.5 (2.0-5.0), mobility 4.5 (2.5-6.5), self care 2.0 (2.0-3.5), getting along with people 4.0 (3.0-5.5), life activities 4.5 (3.0-6.5), participation 4.0 (3.0-6.0). The correlation between physical activity level and depressive symptoms provided r=0.31 p=0.10, physical activity level and health and function r=0.45 p= 0.02 and depressive symptoms and health and function r=0.74 p=0.01. Conclusions: This study demonstrated a prominent occurance of high and moderate levels of physical activity. Likewise, the prevalence of depression was extensive. In addition, the incidence of disability was apparently low. The correlation between all variables is considered to be low apart from that between depressive symptoms and disability, which was moderate.

No description available.

RNA-Seq is an increasingly popular approach to transcriptome profiling that uses the capabilities of next generation sequencing technologies and provides better measurement of levels of transcripts and their isoforms. In this thesis, we apply RNA-Seq protocol and transcriptome quantification to estimate gene expression and pathway activity levels. We present a novel method, called IsoDE, for differential gene expression analysis based on bootstrapping. In the first version of IsoDE, we compared the tool against four existing methods: Fisher's exact test, GFOLD, edgeR and Cuffdiff on RNA-Seq datasets generated using three different sequencing technologies, both with and without replicates. We also introduce the second version of IsoDE which runs 10 times faster than the first implementation due to some in-memory processing applied to the underlying gene expression frequencies estimation tool and we also perform more optimization on the analysis. The second part of this thesis presents a set of tools to differentially analyze metabolic pathways from RNA-Seq data. Metabolic pathways are series of chemical reactions occurring within a cell. We focus on two main problems in metabolic pathways differential analysis, namely, differential analysis of their inferred activity level and of their estimated abundance. We validate our approaches through differential expression analysis at the transcripts and genes levels and also through real-time quantitative PCR experiments. In part Four, we present the different packages created or updated in the course of this study. We conclude with our future work plans for further improving IsoDE 2.0.

A doença renal crônica (DRC) consiste na perda progressiva e irreversível da função dos rins. No seu estágio mais avançado, a perda da função renal é maior que 85%, sendo necessário o início de algum tipo de terapia renal substitutiva, onde a hemodiálise (HD) é a mais comum. As características do tratamento dialítico tendem a favorecer uma série de fatores negativos, como desnutrição e fraqueza muscular, que apresentam forte associação com a diminuição da independência funcional. Neste sentido, este trabalho apresenta como objetivo geral: Avaliar as características de qualidade de vida, nível cognitivo e parâmetros neuromusculares e funcionais de doentes renais crônicos que realizam hemodiálise, comparados a um grupo controle; E os seguintes objetivos específicos: 1) Quantificar e comparar as diferentes dimensões de qualidade de vida e o nível cognitivo de pacientes que realizam hemodiálise com um grupo controle; 2) Quantificar e comparar o tempo prémotor (TPM), o tempo motor (TM) e o tempo de reação total (TRT) dos extensores de joelho durante uma contração isométrica voluntária máxima em pacientes que realizam hemodiálise com um grupo controle; 3) Quantificar e comparar o desempenho nos testes funcionais TC6’ e TSL30” em pacientes que realizam hemodiálise com um grupo controle; 4) Verificar a associação do perfil cognitivo com o TPM, TM, TRT e com o desempenho no TC6’ e no TSL30” nos pacientes que realizam hemodiálise e no grupo controle; 5) Verificar a associação das diferentes dimensões da qualidade de vida com o TPM, TM, TRT e com o desempenho no TC6’ e no TSL30” nos pacientes que realizam hemodiálise e no grupo controle. Participaram da pesquisa 19 pacientes com DRC que realizavam hemodiálise e 19 sujeitos controle, pareados por idade e características antropométricas. Na expectativa de responder aos objetivos, foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: 1) Perfil bioquímico dos pacientes; 2) Qualidade de vida; 3) Função cognitiva; 4) Nível de atividade física; 5) Força dos extensores do joelho; 6) TPM, TM e TRT dos extensores do joelho; 7) Desempenho nos testes funcionais TC6’ e TSL30”. Os resultados do presente estudo demonstraram que os pacientes com DRC que realizam HD, quando comparados ao grupo controle apresentam: 1) pior qualidade de vida nas dimensões funcionamento físico, função física, dor, saúde geral, função emocional, energia/fadiga, composição física e composição mental; 2) menor nível cognitivo; 3) menor nível de atividade física; 4) maior tempo sentado durante a semana e o final de semana; 5) menor capacidade de força máxima dos extensores de joelho; 6) maior TPM, TM e TRT dos extensores de joelho; 7) menores distâncias percorridas no TC6’; 8) pior desempenho no TSL30”. E ainda, foi observado que piores níveis cognitivos podem influenciar nos TPMs, TMs e TRTs de doentes renais crônicos que realizam hemodiálise. Neste sentido, tais resultados poderão auxiliar médicos, fisioterapeutas e professores de educação física na prescrição do treinamento voltado para cada uma das propriedades estudadas, uma vez que nosso estudo parece ser um dos primeiros a avaliar de forma sistemática e associada questões cognitivas, de qualidade de vida, nível de atividade física, além de parâmetros neuromusculares e desempenho funcional em doentes renais crônicos. / Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the progressive and irreversible loss of kidney function. In its most advanced stage of renal function loss is greater than 85%, the onset of some form of renal replacement therapy is required, being the most common hemodialysis (HD). The dialysis treatment characteristics tend to favor a number of negative factors such as malnutrition and muscle weakness, which have strong association with decreased functional independence. In this sense, this work presents the general objective: To evaluate the quality of life, cognitive level and neuromuscular and functional parameters of chronic renal failure patients on HD, as compared to a control group; And the following specific objectives: 1) To quantify and compare the different dimensions of quality of life and cognitive level of patients on HD with a control group; 2) To quantify and compare the premotor time (TPM), the motor time (TM) and the total reaction time (TRT) of knee extensors during a maximal voluntary isometric contraction in patients on HD with a control group; 3) To quantify and compare the performance in functional tests TC6’ and TSL30" in patients on HD with a control group; 4) Check the association of cognitive profile with the TPM, TM, TRT and the performance in the TC6’ and TSL30" in patients on HD and in the control group; 5) Check the combination of the different dimensions of quality of life with the TPM, TM, TRT and the performance in the TC6’ and TSL30" in patients on HD and in the control group. The participants were 19 patients with CKD who underwent HD and 19 control subjects, matched for age and anthropometric characteristics. To respond the goal of this research, the following variables were evaluated: 1) Biochemical profile of patients; 2) Quality of life; 3) cognitive function; 4) Physical activity level; 5) strength of the knee extensors; 6) TPM, TM and TRT of the knee extensors; 7) Performance in functional tests TC6’ and TSL30". The results of this study demonstrated that patients with CKD who perform HD, compared to the control group are: 1) poor quality of life in the dimensions physical functioning, physical role, bodily pain, general health, emotional function, energy / fatigue, physical composition and mental composition; 2) lower cognitive level; 3) lower level of physical activity; 4) more time sitting during the week and the weekend; 5) lower capacity of maximum strength of the knee extensors; 6) higher TPM, TM and TRTs extensor knee; 7) smaller distances in the TC6’; 8) worst performance in TSL30". And yet, it was observed that the worst cognitive levels can influence the TPMs, TMs and TRTs of chronic renal failure patients on HD. In this sense, these results may help physicians, physical therapists and physical education teachers in the training prescription facing each of the studied properties, since our study appears to be one of the first to evaluate systematically and associated cognitive issues, quality of life, physical activity, and neuromuscular parameters and functional performance in chronic renal failure patients.

Introduktion: Barn i Sverige har generellt sett en god hälsa (Heinemans et al., 2013). Det är dock oroande att barn och ungdomar blir mindre fysiskt aktiva (Berg, 2008). Barn och ungdomar har i genomsnitt ett högre intag av energitäta och näringsfattiga livsmedel samt ett lägre intag av frukt och grönsaker (Warensjö Lemming et al., 2018). Syfte: Att kartlägga aktivitetsnivån och kostvanor hos barn och ungdomar i årskurs 6-9. Metod: Studiens design är tvärsnittsstudie som mäter aspekter av hälsa och kost genom en enkät. En skola i Västra Götalands län med årskurs 6 till 9 (n=492) utgjorde studiepopulationen och två klasser i varje årskurs valdes slumpmässigt ut (n=187). Resultat: Respondenternas aktivitetsmönster visar att 83,3 procent deltog i skolidrotten varje gång och att vara fysiskt aktiv på rasten minskar med åldern. Att äta frukost varje dag gjorde 58,7 procent av respondenterna, 78,7 procent åt lunch och 69,3 procent åt middag/kvällsmat varje dag. Slutsats: Den här studien har identifierat flera områden där hälsoförbättringar kan göras, vilka beskrivs i den här rapporten. / Introduction: Children in Sweden have, in general, good health (Heinemans et al., 2013). There is a concern, however, that children and adolescents are becoming less physically active (Berg, 2008). On average, children and adolescents have higher intakes of energy-rich, less nutritional food and lower intakes of fruits and vegetables than is recommended (Warensjö Lemming et al., 2018). Aim: To chart the activity level and dietary habits of children and adolescents in grades 6-9. Method: The study design is a Cross-sectional study, measuring aspect of health and nutrition through a survey. A school in Västra Götaland County with grades 6 to 9 (n = 492) was the study setting, and two classes in each year were chosen to participate in the survey (n = 187). Results: Respondents' activity patterns show that 83.3 percent participated regularly in physical activity classes and were physically active during recesses. Eating breakfast every day was a habit of 58.7 percent of respondents, while 78.7 percent reported eating lunch and 69.3 percent reported eating for dinner / supper each day. Conclusion: This study has identified multiple areas where health improvements can be made, which are described in this report.

Introdução O nível de atividade física (NAF) insuficiente e estado nutricional (EN) inadequado conferem risco de desenvolvimento de hipertensão arterial e diabete, bem como dificultam o controle destas doenças. Assim, infere-se que os custos despendidos pelo SUS com medicamentos, internações e consultas de hipertensos e diabéticos apresentem relação inversa com NAF, incluindo a prática de caminhada e EN. Entretanto, estudos epidemiológicos que descrevam estes custos e analisem essas associações na população idosa são inexistentes no Brasil, o que dificulta a fundamentação para a implementação de políticas publicas para a economia de recursos. Objetivo Descrever os custos com procedimentos de saúde de idosos hipertensos e diabéticos e verificar qual a sua associação com NAF e EN, segundo sexo e grupos etários. Métodos A amostra foi constituída por 806 idosos com autorreferência à hipertensão e/ou diabete ( 60 anos) residentes no município de São PauloSP, participantes das três coortes do Estudo Saúde, Bem-estar e Envelhecimento SABE - em 2010. A variável dependente custo total anual (em Reais), foi estimada com base nos dados autorreferidos sobre uso de medicamentos, uso dos serviços ambulatoriais e internações hospitalares, retroativos a um ano da coleta de dados. A variáveis explanatórias: i) NAF foi estimada a partir de entrevista utilizando o International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ, versão curta), classificando os idosos segundo duração da realização de atividades físicas moderada, em ativos ( 150 minutos/semana) e insuficientemente ativos (< 150 minutos/semana); ii) Prática de caminhada, categorizada segundo frequência semanal: a) 4 dias/ semana; b) 1 a 3 dias/semana; c) não caminha. iii) EN, identificado pelo índice de massa corporal (IMC), classificando os idosos em dois grupos: a) IMC < 28 kg/ m²; b) IMC 28 kg/ m² (excesso de peso); as variáveis de controle foram o sexo, grupos etários (a. 70 anos; b. 65 a 69 anos; c. 60 a 64 anos); estado civil (a. casado; b. outros) e, escolaridade (a. sem escolaridade; b. 1 ano). A descrição dos custos segundo as NAF e EN foi representada pelos valores de média e IC95 por cento , mediana e P25 P75, valores mínimos e máximos. Modelos de regressão logística múltipla foram empregados para analisar as associações entre variáveis dependentes e explanatórias. O nível de significância foi estabelecido em 5 por cento e todas as análises foram realizadas considerando amostras complexas, por meio do software Stata, 13.0. 9 Resultados: A média de custo total anual por pessoa foi de R$ 732,54 e a soma dos custos relativa a 12 meses para os 806 idosos foi de R$ 609.587,20, sempre superiores para idosos em excesso de peso, com NAF insuficiente e para idosos que não caminham. Idosos em excesso de peso apresentaram chance 50 por cento superior de estarem no grupo de maior custo total anual (OR 1.49, IC95 por cento 1.01 2.18) e mais de 70 por cento superior de maior custo com medicamentos (OR 1.71, IC95 por cento 1.18 2.47). A ausência de caminhada significou a chance superior para maiores custos anuais com medicamentos (OR 1.63, IC95 por cento 1.06 2.51) e custos totais (OR 1.82, IC95 por cento 1.17 2.81). Todas as análises ajustadas por sexo e idade. O NAF não se associou aos custos totais e custo com medicamentos (p>0.05). Conclusão: Os custos para o controle de HAS e DM em idosos são altos e se associam inversamente à prática de caminhada e ao estado nutricional, especialmente em relação ao custo com o uso de medicamentos antihipertensivos e hipoglicemiantes. / Background- The insufficient physical activity level (PAL) as well the inadequate nutritional status (NS) increases the risk of hypertension and the development of diabetes, and difficult the control of theses diaseases. Thus, we can infer that the costs spent by the public health system to the management of hypertension and diabetes in the population would shows an inverse relationship with physical activity level, including engagement in walking, and nutritional status. However, epidemiological studies describing these costs and analyzing these associations among elderly population are non-existent in Brazil, which makes difficult the implementation of public policies for the economy of resource. Aim - To describe the health care costs among hypertensive and diabetic elderly people and to analyze the associations with PAL and NS according to sex and age groups. Methods - The sample consisted of elderly people with self-reported hypertension and/or diabetes ( 60 years-old) living in São Paulo-SP, participants of the three cohorts SABE Study (Health, Wellbeing and Aging), in 2010. The dependent variable (total annual cost - in Reais, R$) was estimated based on self-reported use of medication, use of outpatient services and hospital admissions, retroactive to one year of data collection. The explanatory variables: i) PAL was estimated from interview using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ, short version), classifying the elderly accorind to the time performing in moderate physical activity ( 150 minutes / week) and insufficiently active (< 150 minutes / week). ii) Engagement in walking, categorized according to the weekly frequency: a) 4 days / week; b) 1 to 3 days / week; c) does not walk. a) BMI < 28 kg/m2; b) BMI 28 kg / m² (overweight); the control variables were sex and age groups: a) 70 years; b) 65-69 years; c) 60 to 64 years. The description of the costs according to the PAL and NS was represented by mean values and 95 per cent , median and P25 -P75, minimum and maximum values. Multiple logistic regression models were emplyed to analyze associations. The level of significance was set at 5 per cent and all analyzes were performed considering complex samples, using the Stata software, 10.0. Results - The average of total annual cost was R$ 732.54 and the sum of costs on 12 months was R$ 609,587.20, always higher for elderly with excess weight, insufficient PAL and the elderly who do not engage in walking. The group of elderly with excess weight showed a 50 per cent chance of 11 being in the highest annual total cost group (OR 1:49, 95 per cent 1:01 to 2:18) and 70 per cent higher for the costs with medicine use (OR 1.71, IC95 per cent 1.18 2.47). The absence of walking had higher chance for highest costs with medication (OR 1.63, 95 per cent CI 1:06 to 2:51) and total costs (OR 1.82, 95 per cent CI 1.17 - 2.81). All analyzes adjusted for sex and age. The PAL was not associated to the total costs and cost with medication. Conclusion- The costs related to the control of hypertension and diabetes in the elderly are high and were inversely associated to the engagement in walking and nutritional status, especially in relation to the costs with the use of antihypertensive and hypoglycemic medication.

Submitted by Raphael Castro da Costa Ferreira (raphaelccf@hotmail.com) on 2018-02-24T21:25:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Raphael Ferreira-Final.pdf: 6026688 bytes, checksum: fd6ee6ea57052eb1f13986b8f2b1c24b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Thais Oliveira (thais.oliveira@fgv.br) on 2018-02-27T18:54:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Raphael Ferreira-Final.pdf: 6026688 bytes, checksum: fd6ee6ea57052eb1f13986b8f2b1c24b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-27T20:38:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Raphael Ferreira-Final.pdf: 6026688 bytes, checksum: fd6ee6ea57052eb1f13986b8f2b1c24b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-05 / O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o comportamento dos setores da economia brasileira, por meio do nível de atividade e do nível de emprego, observando a inter-relação entre eles, a propagação de choques e seus impactos no crescimento. Choques podem advir de variáveis exógenas ao sistema nacional ou dos próprios setores (spillovers). As respostas a esses choques podem ocorrer de forma heterogênea entre os subsetores, assim como a própria dissipação desses choques. Essa dinâmica depende do grau de interligação entre os setores, bem como a relação desses com o resto do mundo. Para tanto, será usada a metodologia de Vetor Autorregressivo Global (Global Vector Autoregressive - GVAR), com dados trimestrais de 1998 a 2016. Por meio de análises dos coeficientes, de resposta ao impulso e de projeções condicionadas, chega-se a resultados que demostram a dinâmica de interligação entre os subsetores, bem como os impactos que eles têm no crescimento da economia brasileira. Subsetores mais representativos tendem a ter maior impacto, tanto no nível de atividade como no nível de emprego. Contudo, alguns subsetores que não são tão representativos também registraram impactos significativos nessas variáveis. / The objective of this paper is to analyze the behavior of the Brazilian economy sectors, through the level of activity and employment level, observing the interrelationship among them, the propagation of shocks and their impacts on growth. Shocks can arise from variables exogenous to the national system or from the sectors themselves (spillovers). The responses to these shocks can occur in a heterogeneous way among the subsectors, as well as the dissipation itself of these shocks. This dynamic depends on the degree of interconnection between sectors, as well as their relationship with the rest of the world. To do so, the Global Vector Autoregressive (GVAR) methodology will be used, with quarterly data from 1998 to 2016. Through analysis of coefficients, impulse response and conditional projections, we arrive at results that demonstrate the interconnection dynamics between the subsectors, as well as the impacts they have on the growth of the Brazilian economy. Most representative sub-sectors tend to have a greater impact, both in the level of activity and in the level of employment. However, some sub-sectors that are not as representative also have significant impacts on these variables.

A doença renal crônica (DRC) consiste na perda progressiva e irreversível da função dos rins. No seu estágio mais avançado, a perda da função renal é maior que 85%, sendo necessário o início de algum tipo de terapia renal substitutiva, onde a hemodiálise (HD) é a mais comum. As características do tratamento dialítico tendem a favorecer uma série de fatores negativos, como desnutrição e fraqueza muscular, que apresentam forte associação com a diminuição da independência funcional. Neste sentido, este trabalho apresenta como objetivo geral: Avaliar as características de qualidade de vida, nível cognitivo e parâmetros neuromusculares e funcionais de doentes renais crônicos que realizam hemodiálise, comparados a um grupo controle; E os seguintes objetivos específicos: 1) Quantificar e comparar as diferentes dimensões de qualidade de vida e o nível cognitivo de pacientes que realizam hemodiálise com um grupo controle; 2) Quantificar e comparar o tempo prémotor (TPM), o tempo motor (TM) e o tempo de reação total (TRT) dos extensores de joelho durante uma contração isométrica voluntária máxima em pacientes que realizam hemodiálise com um grupo controle; 3) Quantificar e comparar o desempenho nos testes funcionais TC6’ e TSL30” em pacientes que realizam hemodiálise com um grupo controle; 4) Verificar a associação do perfil cognitivo com o TPM, TM, TRT e com o desempenho no TC6’ e no TSL30” nos pacientes que realizam hemodiálise e no grupo controle; 5) Verificar a associação das diferentes dimensões da qualidade de vida com o TPM, TM, TRT e com o desempenho no TC6’ e no TSL30” nos pacientes que realizam hemodiálise e no grupo controle. Participaram da pesquisa 19 pacientes com DRC que realizavam hemodiálise e 19 sujeitos controle, pareados por idade e características antropométricas. Na expectativa de responder aos objetivos, foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: 1) Perfil bioquímico dos pacientes; 2) Qualidade de vida; 3) Função cognitiva; 4) Nível de atividade física; 5) Força dos extensores do joelho; 6) TPM, TM e TRT dos extensores do joelho; 7) Desempenho nos testes funcionais TC6’ e TSL30”. Os resultados do presente estudo demonstraram que os pacientes com DRC que realizam HD, quando comparados ao grupo controle apresentam: 1) pior qualidade de vida nas dimensões funcionamento físico, função física, dor, saúde geral, função emocional, energia/fadiga, composição física e composição mental; 2) menor nível cognitivo; 3) menor nível de atividade física; 4) maior tempo sentado durante a semana e o final de semana; 5) menor capacidade de força máxima dos extensores de joelho; 6) maior TPM, TM e TRT dos extensores de joelho; 7) menores distâncias percorridas no TC6’; 8) pior desempenho no TSL30”. E ainda, foi observado que piores níveis cognitivos podem influenciar nos TPMs, TMs e TRTs de doentes renais crônicos que realizam hemodiálise. Neste sentido, tais resultados poderão auxiliar médicos, fisioterapeutas e professores de educação física na prescrição do treinamento voltado para cada uma das propriedades estudadas, uma vez que nosso estudo parece ser um dos primeiros a avaliar de forma sistemática e associada questões cognitivas, de qualidade de vida, nível de atividade física, além de parâmetros neuromusculares e desempenho funcional em doentes renais crônicos. / Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the progressive and irreversible loss of kidney function. In its most advanced stage of renal function loss is greater than 85%, the onset of some form of renal replacement therapy is required, being the most common hemodialysis (HD). The dialysis treatment characteristics tend to favor a number of negative factors such as malnutrition and muscle weakness, which have strong association with decreased functional independence. In this sense, this work presents the general objective: To evaluate the quality of life, cognitive level and neuromuscular and functional parameters of chronic renal failure patients on HD, as compared to a control group; And the following specific objectives: 1) To quantify and compare the different dimensions of quality of life and cognitive level of patients on HD with a control group; 2) To quantify and compare the premotor time (TPM), the motor time (TM) and the total reaction time (TRT) of knee extensors during a maximal voluntary isometric contraction in patients on HD with a control group; 3) To quantify and compare the performance in functional tests TC6’ and TSL30" in patients on HD with a control group; 4) Check the association of cognitive profile with the TPM, TM, TRT and the performance in the TC6’ and TSL30" in patients on HD and in the control group; 5) Check the combination of the different dimensions of quality of life with the TPM, TM, TRT and the performance in the TC6’ and TSL30" in patients on HD and in the control group. The participants were 19 patients with CKD who underwent HD and 19 control subjects, matched for age and anthropometric characteristics. To respond the goal of this research, the following variables were evaluated: 1) Biochemical profile of patients; 2) Quality of life; 3) cognitive function; 4) Physical activity level; 5) strength of the knee extensors; 6) TPM, TM and TRT of the knee extensors; 7) Performance in functional tests TC6’ and TSL30". The results of this study demonstrated that patients with CKD who perform HD, compared to the control group are: 1) poor quality of life in the dimensions physical functioning, physical role, bodily pain, general health, emotional function, energy / fatigue, physical composition and mental composition; 2) lower cognitive level; 3) lower level of physical activity; 4) more time sitting during the week and the weekend; 5) lower capacity of maximum strength of the knee extensors; 6) higher TPM, TM and TRTs extensor knee; 7) smaller distances in the TC6’; 8) worst performance in TSL30". And yet, it was observed that the worst cognitive levels can influence the TPMs, TMs and TRTs of chronic renal failure patients on HD. In this sense, these results may help physicians, physical therapists and physical education teachers in the training prescription facing each of the studied properties, since our study appears to be one of the first to evaluate systematically and associated cognitive issues, quality of life, physical activity, and neuromuscular parameters and functional performance in chronic renal failure patients.

The objective of this study was to determine the lifestyle profile (LP), physical activity level (PAL) and nutritional status (NS) of adolescents from a public school and their parents’, besides checking the relationship of the LP, PAL and NS between the adolescents and their parents. Two hundred and eight students, aged between 11 and 15 years and their respective parents, participated. For the data collection on LP of the students and their parents, the Lifestyle Profile Questionnaire (LPQ) was used. To determine the parents' PAL, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used, and for the students, the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQA). The identification of NS was through the Body Mass Index (BMI) established from the measures of body weight and height. The data collection of the students was performed during Physical Education classes and the questionnaires for the parents were sent through the children. Descriptive data analysis was done for the characterization of the study group and Chi-Square test was used for LP, PAL and NS associations between parents and children. It was verified that 55.8% of the students were female and 44.2% were male, with a mean age of 12.9 ±1.4 years. The fathers had a mean age of 44.5±5.8 and the mothers, 42.1 ± 5.1 years. The students had a mean BMI of 20.2±3.6 kg/m2, the fathers 27.1±3.9kg/m2 and the mothers 25.4±4.1kg/m2. In the descriptive analyzes of the PAL and NS, 55.8% of the students were classified as active (A) and 44.2% insufficiently active (IA). Of the 416 studied adults, 56.7% were classified as "A" and 43.3% as "IA". When stratified by gender, 51.9% of the mothers and 81.5% of the fathers were "A". Considering the "couple" group, only 31.7% were "A" and 18.3% "IA". In the NS, most children (65.9%) and mothers (52.9%) were classified as adequate weight (AW), despite a high number of children (34.1%) and mothers (47.1% %) with overweight (O). In the fathers' group there was a higher incidence of “O” (71.1%). Observed relationships indicate that when both parents are "A" or "IA", there is a greater possibility that the children are also "A" and "IA", respectively. When the couple had "AW", it seems to decrease the chances of having children with "O" and the fact that both parents have "O" does not seem to interfere negatively in their children's NS. The average of the students', mothers' and fathers' responses showed a positive behavior (PB) for the LP. When stratifying by LP components, the average score of the students' and parents' nutrition responses were close to negative behavior (NB). Among mothers, in the physical activity component, they demonstrated a "NB", and for nutrition and stress control components the results were close to "NB". There were no significant relationships between the LP of parents and adoelscents, only in the physical activity component (p = 0.015). The relationships established in the study suggest that a positive joint posture of the couple increases the possibility of having children with "PB". / O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o do estilo de vida (PEV), nível da atividade física (NAF) e estado nutricional (EN) de adolescentes alunos de uma escola pública e dos seus pais, além de verificar a relação do PEV, NAF e EN entre os alunos e seus pais. Participaram 208 escolares, com idades entre 11 e 15 anos, e seus respectivos pais. Para as informações referentes ao PEV dos alunos e pais foi utilizado o Questionário Perfil de Estilo de Vida (PEVI); para verificar o NAF dos pais, o Questionário Internacional de Atividade (IPAQ), e dos filhos, o Questionário de Atividade Física para Adolescentes (QAFA). A identificação do EN foi através do Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) estabelecido a partir das medidas de massa corporal e estatura. A coleta de dados dos alunos foi realizada durante as aulas de Educação Física e os questionários destinados aos pais foram enviados através dos filhos. Utilizou-se análise descritiva dos dados na caracterização do grupo do estudo e teste Qui-Quadrado para das associações dos comportamentos obtidos no PEV, NAF e EN entre pais e filhos. Verificou-se que 55,8% alunos eram do sexo feminino e 44,2% do sexo masculino, com idade média de 12,9±1,4 anos. Os pais e mães apresentaram idades médias de 44,5±5,8 e 42,1±5,1 anos, respectivamente. Os alunos apresentaram IMC médio de 20,2±3,6 kg/m2, os pais 27,1±3,9 kg/m2 e as mães 25,4±4,1 kg/m2. Nas análises descritivas do NAF e EN, 55,8% dos alunos foram classificados como ativos (A) e 44,2% como insuficientemente ativos (IA). No total de 416 adultos, 56,7% foram classificados como “A” e 43,3% como “IA”. Quando estratificados pelo sexo, 51,9% das mães e 81,5% dos pais eram “A”. Considerando o grupo “casal”, apenas 31,7% foram considerados “A” e 18,3% “IA”. No EN, a maioria dos filhos (65,9%) e das mães (52,9%) foi classificada em peso adequado (PA), apesar de um alto índice de filhos (34,1%) e mães (47,1%) ainda serem classificados com excesso de peso (EP). No grupo dos pais houve uma maior incidência de EP (71,1%). As relações puderam indicar que quando ambos os pais (casal) são “A” ou “IA”, existe maior possibilidade dos filhos também serem “A” e “IA”, respectivamente. Quando o casal possuía “PA”, parece diminuir a chances de terem filhos com “EP” e o fato de ambos os pais possuírem “EP” parece não interferir negativamente no “EN" dos filhos. A média das respostas dos alunos, mães e pais apresentaram de forma geral um comportamento positivo (CP) nos componentes do PEV, apenas a média da pontuação das respostas da nutrição dos alunos e dos pais ficaram próximas a um comportamento negativo “CN”. Já o grupo das mães, no componente da atividade física, demonstraram um “CN”, e nos componentes da nutrição e controle de estresse, os resultados ficaram próximo ao “CN”. Não houve relação significativa no comportamento dos pais com a dos filhos nos componentes do PEV, somente no componente atividade física foi significativa a relação encontrada (p=0,015). As relações estabelecidas no estudo sugerem que uma postura conjunta positiva do casal aumenta a possibilidade de ter filhos com “CP”.