Äldre patienter har ofta komplexa vårdbehov som kan relateras till åldersförändringar på bland annat organsystemen. Detta kan medföra svårigheter i att tolka symtom och tecken vilket också ytterligare kompliceras genom att äldre tar flera läkemedel, ofta samtidigt. Det förekommer fördomar och diskrimineringar i samhället som kan påverka människors hälsa och välbefinnande utifrån deras ålder, vilket benämns som ålderism. Detta kan påverka hur hälso- och sjukvården bedrivs. Sjuksköterskor ska bedriva en vård där hälsa främjas och lidande lindras och har därför ett ansvar att påverka och främja jämlik vård. Syftet var att undersöka sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av jämlik vård med fokus på äldre patienter. Metoden som användes till kandidatuppsatsen var en litteraturöversikt där nio artiklar analyserades. I resultatet identifierades tre huvudteman: brist på kunskap, bristande arbetsmiljö samt äldre patienter i vården. Även sex underteman identifierades vilka berörde brist på utbildning, närståendes delaktighet, brist på tid, arbetsbelastning, omvårdnad av äldre och värdig vård. Resultatet visar att sjuksköterskor erfor ojämlik vård till äldre patienter vilket kan skapa oetiskt vårdande samt lidande hos äldre patienter. / Elderly patients often have complex care needs that can be related to age changes, in among other things, the organ systems. This can lead to difficulties in interpreting symptoms and signs, which is further complicated since elderly often use several medications at the same time. There are prejudices and discriminations in society that can affect people's health and well-being based on their age, which is referred to as ageism. This can affect how health care is conducted. A licensed nurse must provide care where health is promoted and suffering is alleviated. The nurse therefore has a responsibility to influence and promote equal care. The purpose was therefore to examine nurses' experiences of equal care with a focus on elderly patients. The method used was a literature review where nine articles were studied. The results identified three main themes: lack of knowledge, lacking work environment and elderly patients in care. Six sub-themes were also identified education, the participation of relatives, lack of time, workload, care of the elderly and dignified care. The result shows that nurses experience unequal care for elderly patients, which can create unethical care and suffering among elderly patients.

Yes / This article argues that older age inequality within and across working life is the result of vampiric forms and structures constitutive of contemporary organizing. Rather than assuming ageism occurs against a backdrop of neutral organizational processes and practices, the article denaturalizes (and in the process super-naturalizes) organizational orientations of ageing through three vampiric aspects: (un)dying, regeneration and neophilia. These dimensions are used to illustrate how workplace narratives and logics normalize and perpetuate the systematic denigration of the ageing organizational subject. Through our analysis it is argued that older workers are positioned as inevitable ‘sacrificial objects’ of the all-consuming immortal organization. To challenge this, the article explicitly draws on the vampire and the vampiric in literature and popular culture to consider the possibility of subverting existing notions of the ‘older worker’ in order to confront and challenge the subtle and persistent monstrous discourses that shape organizational life.

Historically, age has been and still is a major organizing principle for social relations and the allotment of resources and power, yet age is very seldom acknowledged as a social categorization in its own right and in intersection with other identity categorizations. While feminist scholarship and activism have deconstructed racist and sexist discourses, in which biology is often used to legitimize social injustice, the presupposed naturalness of ageism is rarely challenged. The aim of the present paper is to explore if and why age relations and ageism are invisible in feminist work by interviewing eleven feminists in a Swedish context. The interviews, which are qualitative and semi-structured, have been thematically analysed to identify patterns in the respondents’ approaches to age as a social categorization in intersectional analysis. A recurring theme is explaining age and ageism in terms of a fluidity of age relations, which make it a complex categorization to include in intersectional analysis. Drawing on theories of ageing and intersectional feminism I explore how the research material can be understood from a social and historical perspective. The thesis builds on a post-constructionist epistemology which underlines the importance of situated knowledges and accountability, and I therefore chose to make myself as the author visible throughout the text by writing the I and including personal accounts related to ageism and ageing.

This thesis concerns the old age in the context of human life and the problems of senior discrimination. It's divided into two parts, theoretic and empiric. In theoretic part the old age and ageing are characterized, the aspects of old age are analysed and the role of gerontopedagogic is defined. With respect to demographic prospect, the gravity of senior discrimination is emphasized as an undesirable social-pathological phenomenon. In empiric part, the author tries to reveal on the basis of field research, whether today's seniors feel being discriminated. The extent of discrimination is being compared between the seniors living by them own in a big city (Prague) and smaller town (Vrchlabí). The work is focused on identification of circumstances, which can influence the senior discrimination, and tries to answer, which parts of social life are projected to the discrimination of old people. Key words: old age, ageing, aspects of ageing, senior, senior education, demographic prospect, ageism

Cílem práce je přiblížit problematiku stárnutí a stáří jako určité specifické fáze životního cyklu, popsat jednotlivé oblasti životního stylu seniorů a poukázat na jejich diferenciaci, především na základě jednotlivých sociodemografických charakteristik. Zaměřuji se na současnou situaci seniorů v ČR. Teoretická část je rozdělena do tří kapitol. V první se zabývám problematikou stárnutí a stáří z obecného hlediska. Uvádím jak je možné stáří definovat a jaké jsou sociologické teorie stárnutí a stáří. Dále uvádím historický kontext vnímání stáří. Zmiňuji také jaké důsledky má stárnutí obyvatelstva pro jedince i společnost. Druhá kapitola je věnována sociálním a psychologickým aspektům života seniorů. Představuji zde jednotlivé oblasti života seniorů, jako jsou rodina a mezigenerační vztahy, volný čas a bydlení. Zmiňuji také problematiku ageismu. Třetí kapitola je věnována demografickým aspektům, tedy jakým způsobem docházelo k vývoji velikosti a struktury populace seniorů v její současnou podobu. Výzkumná část práce je věnována životnímu stylu seniorů.Cílem výzkumu je na základě rozhovorů popsat jednotlivé oblasti životního stylu seniorů a ukázat, zda a jakým způsobem se odlišují. V rozhovorech jsem sledovala oblasti každodennosti, zaměstnaní, zdraví, finanční aspekty a oblast životních hodnot....

This thesis explores the political discourse´s portrayal of elderly needs in Sweden, as well as discourses the lived effects on the elderly population. The study is guided by the following research questions 1) What is the current political discourses construction of elderly´s needs? And 2) How could this discourse affect the elderly population? To fulfil the purpose and answer the research questions the study utilizes a critical discourse analysis. The study also employs a wide theoretical foundation with central concepts deriving both from a general sociological tradition, such as symbolic interactionism. As well as more specialized gerontological theories, such as ageism and structured dependency. By using a thematic analysis as well as a synthesising analysis the study provided both an in-depth and collected depiction of the discourse on elderly needs as well as its lived effects. The analysis found four thematics of interest, a) Emotional needs b) elderly´s need of others c) organizational needs and d) basic amenities. All of which were characterized by a dystopian and ageist portrayal of old age. Seemingly based on ageist stereotypes rather than the characteristics of the actual demographic. Similarly, the overall narrative showed that elderly where portrayed as a homogenized collective of others. The narrative also depicted elderly as a very simple, dependant and burdensome demographic. The lived effects were varied under the thematic analysis, these could be characterized under two overarching trends. Firstly, the risk that elderly embrace the dystopian role depicted in the discourse. Secondly the discourses skewed portrayal of elderly can lead to less effective and potentially destructive policies and resource allocation.

O ritmo intenso do envelhecimento populacional no Brasil tem levado a questionamentos sobre o impacto das mudanças demográficas em diferentes âmbitos da Seguridade Social, dentre os quais destacamos a área da saúde e, mais especificamente, as Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Os avanços representados pelos princípios do Sistema Único de Saúde, a criação do Estatuto do Idoso e a preocupação com os direitos humanos tornam urgentes reflexões sobre o que se coloca como desafio no atendimento médico à população idosa em UTI. Médicos intensivistas têm sua atuação marcada, dentre outros fatores, pelos sentidos que atribuem à fase da vida e a visão que têm de seus pacientes idosos. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo compreender quais os sentidos que médicos que atuam em UTI atribuem a velho/velhice/envelhecimento e suas relações com as práticas de assistência prestada aos pacientes idosos. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, realizada por meio de observação participante de reuniões de equipes que atuam em UTI de um hospital escola na cidade de São Paulo, e de entrevistas com médicos que compõem estas equipes. Os dados foram analisados sob a ótica Construcionista. Os resultados apontam para a existência de uma polissemia relacionada à velhice, incluindo sentidos que podem produzir práticas idadistas quando não há uma postura reflexiva dos profissionais a respeito do tema, ou quando conflitos decorrentes da complexidade que envolve o atendimento hospitalar em diferentes contextos econômicos se impõem aos profissionais, dificultando o diálogo entre os envolvidos mais diretamente na situação de internação (profissionais da saúde, pacientes, familiares, cuidadores, gestores). Essa nova realidade demográfica deve ser discutida na formação profissional, envolvendo as novas e diferentes demandas da população idosa. Relacioná-las ao respeito ao direito humano à vida e à dignidade, e aos sentidos atribuídos aos profissionais à essa fase da vida, aos velhos e ao processo de envelhecimento, bem como à forma como esses sentidos são produzidos e os seus contextos de produção, pode contribuir para que práticas de exclusão não se (re)produzam. / The intense pace of population aging in Brazil has led to questions about the impact of demographic changes on different aspects of Social Security, among which we highlight the area of health and, more specifically, the Intensive Care Units (ICU). The advances represented by the principles of the Unified Health System (SUS), the creation of the Elderly Statute and the concerns for Human Rights, have sped up reflections on what it is a challenge in the medical care to old people population in the ICU. Intensive care physicians have marked their performance, among other factors, by the meanings they attribute to this stage of life and by the vision they have of their elderly patients. This research aimed to explain which are the meanings attributed by that physicians working in ICUs to old/old people/aging, and their relationship to practical assistance provided to elderly patients. This is a qualitative research, resulting from the participatory observations of teams working at ICU in a university hospital in São Paulo, and from interviews with the physicians who take part in these teams. Data have been analyzed from the constructionist perspective. The results signalize to the existence of an age-related polysemy, including meanings that may produce ageist practices when there is a lack of reflexive posture of professionals about the subject, or when conflicts arising from the complexity that involves inpatient care in different economic contexts are imposed to professionals, impeding the dialogue among those involved more directly in the hospitalization (healthcare professionals, patients, family members, caregivers, managers). This new demographic reality should be discussed during professional training, involving new and different demands of the elderly population. Relate those demands to the respect to the human rights, to life and dignity, and to the meanings attributed by the professionals to this stage of life, to the old people and to the aging process, as well as to the way these meanings are produced and their contexts of production, can contribute to impede the re(production) of exclusionary practices.

O ritmo intenso do envelhecimento populacional no Brasil tem levado a questionamentos sobre o impacto das mudanças demográficas em diferentes âmbitos da Seguridade Social, dentre os quais destacamos a área da saúde e, mais especificamente, as Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Os avanços representados pelos princípios do Sistema Único de Saúde, a criação do Estatuto do Idoso e a preocupação com os direitos humanos tornam urgentes reflexões sobre o que se coloca como desafio no atendimento médico à população idosa em UTI. Médicos intensivistas têm sua atuação marcada, dentre outros fatores, pelos sentidos que atribuem à fase da vida e a visão que têm de seus pacientes idosos. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo compreender quais os sentidos que médicos que atuam em UTI atribuem a velho/velhice/envelhecimento e suas relações com as práticas de assistência prestada aos pacientes idosos. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, realizada por meio de observação participante de reuniões de equipes que atuam em UTI de um hospital escola na cidade de São Paulo, e de entrevistas com médicos que compõem estas equipes. Os dados foram analisados sob a ótica Construcionista. Os resultados apontam para a existência de uma polissemia relacionada à velhice, incluindo sentidos que podem produzir práticas idadistas quando não há uma postura reflexiva dos profissionais a respeito do tema, ou quando conflitos decorrentes da complexidade que envolve o atendimento hospitalar em diferentes contextos econômicos se impõem aos profissionais, dificultando o diálogo entre os envolvidos mais diretamente na situação de internação (profissionais da saúde, pacientes, familiares, cuidadores, gestores). Essa nova realidade demográfica deve ser discutida na formação profissional, envolvendo as novas e diferentes demandas da população idosa. Relacioná-las ao respeito ao direito humano à vida e à dignidade, e aos sentidos atribuídos aos profissionais à essa fase da vida, aos velhos e ao processo de envelhecimento, bem como à forma como esses sentidos são produzidos e os seus contextos de produção, pode contribuir para que práticas de exclusão não se (re)produzam. / The intense pace of population aging in Brazil has led to questions about the impact of demographic changes on different aspects of Social Security, among which we highlight the area of health and, more specifically, the Intensive Care Units (ICU). The advances represented by the principles of the Unified Health System (SUS), the creation of the Elderly Statute and the concerns for Human Rights, have sped up reflections on what it is a challenge in the medical care to old people population in the ICU. Intensive care physicians have marked their performance, among other factors, by the meanings they attribute to this stage of life and by the vision they have of their elderly patients. This research aimed to explain which are the meanings attributed by that physicians working in ICUs to old/old people/aging, and their relationship to practical assistance provided to elderly patients. This is a qualitative research, resulting from the participatory observations of teams working at ICU in a university hospital in São Paulo, and from interviews with the physicians who take part in these teams. Data have been analyzed from the constructionist perspective. The results signalize to the existence of an age-related polysemy, including meanings that may produce ageist practices when there is a lack of reflexive posture of professionals about the subject, or when conflicts arising from the complexity that involves inpatient care in different economic contexts are imposed to professionals, impeding the dialogue among those involved more directly in the hospitalization (healthcare professionals, patients, family members, caregivers, managers). This new demographic reality should be discussed during professional training, involving new and different demands of the elderly population. Relate those demands to the respect to the human rights, to life and dignity, and to the meanings attributed by the professionals to this stage of life, to the old people and to the aging process, as well as to the way these meanings are produced and their contexts of production, can contribute to impede the re(production) of exclusionary practices.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:26:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marie Francoise Marguerite Winandy Martins Pereira.pdf: 1065591 bytes, checksum: d9ac585181408d14e415505dbb5de4a4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-02 / The aging workforce is an inexorable social phenomenon that emerges in the organizational setting, suggesting expand opportunities for older professionals. International studies show that few organizations consider professionals over 45 years old as targets either for selection or career development purposes. In Brazil there are still few studies focused on age diversity. The objective of this study was to understand the phenomenon of ageism at work from the over 45 years old unemployed manager standpoint. A qualitative study was made having as sample eighteen professionals over 45 years old, who used to work at managerial level who were seeking placement in a timeframe from two months to one year. The semi-structured interviews were analyzed with a qualitative content analysis approach based on significant open issues categorization. Data analysis generated five categories that allowed us to understand how the ageism appeared for the respondents, in a professional context: (1) Career Path; (2) Facing the reality of the selection process; (3) Training and Development; (4) Is there an adequate age?; (5) Effects of ageism in personal life. The phenomenon of ageism, while providing profound consequences, is not always clear for the ones subjected to it. The results direct to the need for specific interventions because, contrary to what occurs with racial or gender diversity, initiatives to increase the age diversity in organizations are rarely undertaken. / O envelhecimento da força de trabalho é um fenômeno social inexorável que desponta no cenário organizacional, sugerindo a necessidade de ampliar as oportunidades para profissionais mais velhos . Estudos internacionais revelam que poucas organizações consideram como alvo de seleção e desenvolvimento de carreiras profissionais com idade acima de 45 anos. No Brasil ainda são escassos os estudos voltados à diversidade etária. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi compreender o fenômeno do etarismo no trabalho por meio do olhar de gerentes desempregados, com idade acima de 45 anos. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, tendo como sujeitos de pesquisa dezoito profissionais com no mínimo 45 anos, que atuaram em nível gerencial em organizações empresariais e que se encontravam em busca de colocação há dois meses a até um ano. As entrevistas semiestruturadas, foram analisadas à luz de uma abordagem qualitativa de análise de conteúdo, baseada em categorização aberta de temas significativos. A análise dos dados gerou cinco categorias que permitiram compreender como o etarismo foi revelado pelos respondentes, no contexto profissional: (1) Trajetória Profissional; (2) Enfrentando a realidade do processo seletivo; (3) Treinamento e Desenvolvimento; (4) Há Idade Certa? e Marcas do Etarismo na Vida Pessoal. O fenômeno do etarismo, embora traga conseqüências profundas, nem sempre é nítido para quem é submetido a ele. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de intervenções específicas, pois, ao contrário do que ocorre com a diversidade racial ou de gênero, raramente são empreendidas iniciativas para aumentar a diversidade etária nas organizações.

As college students are preparing to enter the workforce as professionals, it is important that we examine their explicit and implicit attitudes toward older workers to investigate what organizations can do on behalf of older workers. For instance, organizations may have policies that are giving preferential treatment toward older workers and reinforcing younger workers’ negative attitudes. For the present study, I used a scenario based-procedure in which participants read about an older worker who has been promoted based on an employment policy that favors older workers or the most competent workers. I examined students’ pre- and post explicit and implicit attitudes toward older individuals for each condition. Students in the preferential treatment condition did not have significantly different explicit attitudes from students in the merit condition, thus Hypothesis 1 was supported. Aside from treatment, students’ post implicit attitudes significantly decreased (i.e., were less negative) from students’ pre-implicit attitudes. Therefore, Hypothesis 2 was partially supported. In addition, students in the preferential treatment condition exhibited only negative emotions toward the older worker and not harmful behaviors. Therefore, Hypothesis 3 was partially supported. Finally, there was no impact of preferential treatment toward older workers on students’ aging anxiety. Implications of these findings with regard to both implicit and explicit attitudes toward older workers are discussed.