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Abstrakt Bakgrund. Aggressivt beteende är vanligt inom hälso- och sjukvården, med konsekvenser som försämrad arbetstillfredsställelse och burnout. Syftet med studien är att undersöka samband mellan egenskattad utsatthet för aggressivt samt våldsamt beteende och arbetstillfredsställelse, burnout samt sjukskrivning inom den psykiatriska öppenvården. Design. Tvärsnittsstudie med kvantitativ ansats. Metod. Analys av data, insamlat hösten 2014, från totalt 129 respondenter har utförts i SPSS. Resultatet visar att 20,6 % av respondenterna ofta är utsatt för aggressivt beteende samt att 7,3 % ofta är utsatt för våldsamt beteende. Inget samband sågs mellan att vara utsatt och dess inverkan på arbetstillfredsställelse samt burnout. Däremot ses en signifikant skillnad vad gäller utsatthet mellan de undersökta orterna. Slutsats. Den undersökta gruppen är sällan utsatt för våldsamt beteende, men däremot hög förekomst av aggressivt beteende. Trots utsattheten skattades arbetstillfredsställelsen högt. Nyckelord: Aggressivt beteende, våldsamt beteende, arbetstillfredsställelse, burnout, psykiatrisk öppenvård. / Abstract Background. Aggressive behavior is common in health care, with consequences such as impaired job satisfaction and burnout. The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between self-rated exposure to aggressive and violent behavior, and job satisfaction, burnout and sick-leave in psychiatric outpatient care. Design. Cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. Method. Analysis of data collected in autumn 2014 from a total of 129 respondents was performed in SPSS. The result shows that 20.6% of respondents are often exposed to aggressive behavior and 7.3% are often exposed to violent behavior. No association between being exposed and its impact on job satisfaction and burnout. In contrast the results show significance difference in terms of exposure between studied cities. Conclusion The examined groups are rarely exposed to violent behavior, however, there is a high incidence of aggressive behavior. The job satisfaction were estimated high despite the exposure. Keywords:Aggressive behavior, violent behavior, job satisfaction, burnout, psychiatric outpatient.

Play fighting is common in juvenile mammals as a peri-pubertal form of agonistic behavior preceding adult aggressive behavior. In golden hamsters, play fighting peaks in early puberty around postnatal day 35 (P-35), and gradually matures into adult aggression in late puberty. Though extensively studied, the neural mechanisms underlying play fighting remains poorly understood. My dissertation focuses on identifying the neural circuitry and neural transmitter systems that mediate this behavior in juvenile golden hamsters. Based on behavioral similarities between the offensive components of play fighting and adult aggression, I predicted that the neural circuitries mediating both behaviors shared common components. This possibility was tested by quantifying the immunolabeling of c-Fos expression in juvenile hamsters after the consummation of play fighting. In support of my hypothesis, I found that areas previously associated with offensive aggression in adult hamsters, including the ventrolateral hypothalamus (VLH), the posterior dorsal part of the medial amygdala (MePD), and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST), also showed enhanced c-Fos expression after play fighting, which supported my hypothesis. Vasopressin (AVP) facilitates aggression in adult hamsters. Therefore, I hypothesized that AVP also activates play fighting. To test my hypothesis, juvenile male golden hamsters were tested for play fighting after they received central microinjections of an AVP V1A-receptor antagonist into the anterior hypothalamus (AH). Also, immunocytochemistry was performed to identify possible AVP neurons associated with this behavior. I found that the AVP antagonist selectively inhibited the attack components of play fighting in experimental animals. In addition, AVP cells in the nucleus circularis (NC) and the medial division of the supraoptic nucleus (mSON), which were associated with offensive aggression, also showed increased c-Fos activity after play fighting. Together, these results show that AVP facilitates offensive behaviors throughout hamster development, from play fighting in juveniles to aggression in adults. A recent study shows that oral administration of a CRH receptor antagonist inhibits aggression in adult hamsters. Therefore, I predicted that CRH plays a similar role in play fighting. To test my prediction, juvenile hamsters were tested for play fighting after central microinjections of a CRH receptor antagonist. I found that microinjections of the CRH receptor antagonist within the lateral septum (LS) resulted in an inhibition of several aspects of play fighting. The possible source of CRH affecting the behavior was tested through combined immunocytochemistry to CRH and c-Fos. I found CRH neurons in the diagonal band of Broca (DBB), an area with extensive connections with the LS, were particularly activated in association with play fighting. In conclusion, I find that shared neural elements participating in the “vertebrate social behavior neural network” are associated with both aggression and play fighting in hamsters. This circuitry is activated before the onset of puberty and is affected by rising levels of steroid hormones during the developmental period leading to adult behaviors. Within the circuitry, vasopressin release in the AH appears to control the activation of play fighting attacks. In contrast, CRH release in the LS affects a broader range of aspects of play fighting, including not just consummatory aspects of the behavior, but apparently also appetitive components in the form of contact duration. / text

Behavioral and cognitive skills training for increasing assertive behavior in college students were compared to an equally credible expectancy-control. One significant multivariate function successfully discriminated between the behavioral and control groups, and between the cognitive and control groups. This function was interpreted as showing enhanced behavioral/cognitive construction competencies in the behavioral and cognitive groups. A second function, though not significant, suggested that the cognitive training resulted in more aggressive behavior.

Ce travail de thèse invite à s’intéresser aux caractéristiques des comportements agressifs chez les personnes présentant une déficience intellectuelle (DI) avec ou sans trouble du spectre autistique (TSA). Pour cela, nous avons procéder à la validation de deux échelles américaines d’évaluation des comportements agressifs, « Children’s Scale of Hostility and Aggression : Reactive/Proactive » (Famer & Aman, 2009) et « Behavior Problem Inventory-S » (Rojahn et al., 2012). Les résultats ont montré de bonnes propriétés psychométriques. Cela nous a permis d’identifier des comportements hétéro et auto-agressifs différents en fonction de la présence ou non du TSA dans la DI. Enfin, l’étude du développement moral est pertinente pour mieux comprendre l'étiologie des comportements agressifs chez les personnes DI. En effet, les résultats ont mis en lumière des difficultés dans le traitement des informations (Intention – Conséquence). / This PhD work investigates the characteristics of aggressive behavior in people with intellectual disability (ID), with or without autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To do this, we have validated two American Aggressive Behavior Rating Scales, "Children's Scale of Hostility and Aggression: Reactive / Proactive" (Famer & Aman, 2009) and "Behavior Problem Inventory-S". (Rojahn et al., 2012). The results showed good psychometric properties. This allowed us to identify different hetero and auto-aggressive behaviors depending on presence or absence of ASD in the ID. Finally, the study of moral development is relevant to better understand the etiology of aggressive behavior in ID people. Indeed, the results have shown difficulties in the treatment of information (Intent - Consequence) of an event.

Atlantic spotted dolphins (Stenella frontalis) and bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) are two sympatric species resident to the Bahamas. The visibility of the Bahamian water provided a unique opportunity to study spotted dolphin communication during aggression. This study’s main focus was to decipher any similarities or differences in the behaviors used by spotted dolphins during interspecific and intraspecific aggression. Both similarities and differences were discovered. Biting, following, and chasing behavioral events were used more during interspecific aggression, while the display behavioral class was used more than the contact behavioral class during intrabut not interspecific aggression. This study showed that spotted dolphins use more energy intensive and risky behaviors when fighting interspecifically. This could result from having to fight and defend females from a larger species, trying to avoid sexual harassment from bottlenose males, or needing to use behaviors that are more overt and easily understood during interspecies communication. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2016. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

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The diploma thesis deals with the problem of aggressiveness and chicane among children at the second level of basic schools and its prevention in the Pilsen region. Further on it is also concerned with the teachers´ perspective and their awareness of the topic of chicane. In the theoretical part I am going to analyse the fundamental terms of the topic. The attention is going to be localized on the personality of the aggressor and the victims of chicane, on the cooperation of the school and parents, on the authority of the teacher or class and school climate. There is going to be a special chapter devoted to the description of the system concerning the prevention of the chicane. In the practical part I am going to endeavour to find out by the help of a questionnaire survey, how the schoolchildren are informed about the chicane and what kinds of form are used to this purpose. I compare these results with the theoretical knowledge.