published_or_final_version / Environmental Management / Master / Master of Science in Environmental Management

published_or_final_version / Business Administration / Master / Master of Business Administration

No description available.

US retailers lose over $30 billion in merchandise annually. Merchants also suffer billions more in losses of cash, supplies, time, equipment, and growing civil liability costs. In order to control these losses, retail companies use a combination of people, programs, and systems. A review of the literature indicates specialised loss prevention employees are an important part of many asset protection programs.;A major interest of managers is improving the efficiency of their crime and loss control processes, including loss prevention store detective programs. Retail managers commonly use job performance reviews to gauge the individual efficacy of store detectives. In addition to job training, and job output supervision, research has indicated certain stable characteristics of individuals helps explain actual job performance, making pre-employment selection a critical part of process improvement. However, relatively little attention has been devoted to the selection of in-store detectives in the literature.;Qualitative research was used to identify critical job tasks in order to develop and validate a specialised job performance instrument. The preliminary research with subject matter experts indicated four distinct job roles of store detectives. This job analysis also resulted in a new job performance rating instrument later tested in the quantitative phase of the project.;Subsequently, a quantitative study of 201 US store detectives (using the performance instrument in a concurrent validity design) developed four distinct selection models designed to help explain role-specific job performance variance. Four hypothesis regarding the relationship between biographical data, personality traits, cognitive ability and the four measures of job performance were tested using multiple and logistic regression. The four resulting models explained between 13% and 23% of the variance in detective job performance measures.;Implications of the project's findings, and suggestions are also discussed in context t the current sample, as well as prior work in pre-employment selection research.

Replenishment is an important process in automotive industries. It is the process by which parts required at assembly lines are stored and organized in assembly lines supermarket. Over many years replenishment have been done with the aim of positively impacting the varying demand frequency of articles in multi flows mixed-model assembly lines (MMALs) operating in just-in-time (JIT) fashion. However, a series of successive replenishment actions have negative impacts on the number of reallocation movements of parts within volume flows of supermarkets especially within a context of multi-flows supermarkets (MFSs). The cost of movements of parts within the supermarket has not been taken into consideration in previous replenishment methods. This is a significant problem since both un-optimized reallocation movements, and articles misplacement resolutions lead to production halts which cost assembly plants valuable time and money. Therefore, this research study proposes a replenishment method that optimizes flow of material within multi-flow assembly lines supermarkets and hence reduces the cost due to reallocation movement of multi-flow assembly lines supermarkets. The proposed method has been evaluated in the context of Volvo automobile engine assembly plant in Skövde. The proposed replenishment method has been evaluated by conducting an experiment using real-world data for the assembly plant in context. Performance metrics such as accuracy, F1-score, precision, sensitivity, and specificity were used to demonstrate the utility and validity of the proposed method. The evaluation results showed that the proposed method for optimizing material flow in supermarkets performed better than the existing method. In addition to utility, the proposed method provides contribution to knowledge by providing means for the industry to adopt replenishment method that takes into consideration the cost of reallocation movements of the parts within the supermarket.

[pt] O varejo é um dos segmentos industriais que mais tem sofrido mudanças nos últimos anos, graças ao advento das tecnologias de informação e de telecomunicações que revolucionaram o mercado. Nos últimos 50 anos os supermercados brasileiros evoluíram de sua primeira loja até as lojas eletrônicas. Por um lado, estas aparecem para suas proprietárias como soluções baratas para expansão. Por outro, alguns segmentos de consumidores têm muita resistência a fazer suas compras pela Internet. Muitas pessoas, usuárias de computador e de Internet, preferem ir à loja em vez de fazer suas compras pela web. A proposta deste trabalho foi realizar uma pesquisa exploratória sobre as razões que levam consumidores a não utilizarem o meio eletrônico no momento de fazer suas compras de supermercado. O objetivo foi atingido em etapas. Inicialmente os atributos característicos das lojas de supermercado foram levantados através de pesquisa de observação. A etapa seguinte foi a realização de uma pesquisa qualitativa com grupos de discussão, com a finalidade de estudar a interação dos consumidores com os sites de supermercados através do método da análise do conteúdo. Por último, foi realizada uma pesquisa quantitativa com uma amostra de consumidores, a fim de levantar e testar as barreiras. A análise dos dados obtidos na pesquisa comprovou que existem barreiras para que consumidores com acesso a computador e Internet façam compras de supermercado on- line, as quais podem ser trabalhadas pelo varejista através de mudanças em seu mix de marketing. / [en] Retailing is an industrial segment which has changed much in the last few years because of the development of information and telecommunication technologies that brought up a revolution in the world. In the last 50 years, Brazilian supermarkets have evolved from the first brick- and-mortar store to ecommerce. On the one hand, electronic supermarkets seem like a cheap solution for the expansion of their companies. On the other, certain consumer segments have great resistance in doing their shopping on the Internet. Many people, regular computer and Internet-users, would rather go to the physical store than do their shopping in the website. The goal of this paper is to perform an exploratory research on the reasons why consumers do not use electronic media when they do their supermarket shopping. To achieve this goal we went through certain steps. First, the attributes of brick-and-mortar supermarkets were described by observatory research. The following step was a qualitative research with focus groups, with the objective of studying the interaction of consumers with supermarket websites done through discourse analysis. The last step was a quantitative research with a sample of consumers, to raise and test the barriers. The analysis of the data obtained showed the existence of barriers to online supermarket shopping for consumers with access to computers and the Internet. These barriers can be overcome by the retailer through a change in the marketing mix.

Introdução - O pescado é amplamente utilizado para a produção de alimentos à base de matéria-prima de origem animal. Nas últimas décadas, inovações tecnológicas possibilitaram o aumento na comercialização de pescado na forma de filé congelado, tornando o controle de temperatura durante a cadeia de produção essencial para a manutenção da sua qualidade. A importação de pescado, inclusive da Polaca do Alasca, vem crescendo ano a ano, sendo os supermercados e hipermercados, da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, responsáveis por 49,0 por cento de toda a demanda nacional. Objetivos - Avaliar as condições higienicossanitárias de pescado congelado e embalado exposto à venda em gôndolas de supermercados da Grande São Paulo, de acordo com a legislação vigente. Métodos - A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com base em duas abordagens: estudo de campo e laboratorial. Foram selecionados 30 supermercados de 4 municípios da região da Grande São Paulo para aplicação de checklist de avaliação das condições higienicossanitárias do produto e dos equipamentos de exposição e para a coleta de amostras, no período de 7 a 29 de setembro de 2013. Foram coletadas 30 amostras, sendo cada amostra constituída por 3 embalagens de 1 kg de filé de Polaca do Alasca congelado de uma mesma marca, lote, data de fabricação e validade; representando 3 kg por amostra e totalizando 90 kg de produto analisado. Uma parte das amostras, 30 embalagens de 1 kg, foi acondicionada em caixas isotérmicas com temperatura controlada e encaminhada ao laboratório da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da USP para realização das análises microbiológicas (Staphylococcus coagulase positiva e Salmonella spp). As demais 60 embalagens de 1k foram encaminhadas, sob as mesmas condições, ao laboratório do Instituto de Pesca para realização das análises físico-químicas (pH, N-BVT e N-TMA) e sensoriais (colorimetria e textura). Resultados - As principais não conformidades encontradas no checklist, em ordem decrescente, foram: presença de cristais de gelo (100,0 por cento ) e temperatura abusiva dos produtos acima de -12°C (100,0 por cento ); ausência do carimbo do SIF (83,3 por cento ); falta de veracidade na temperatura indicada no termômetro do equipamento (66,6 por cento ) e presença de restos de alimento no fundo dos equipamentos (50,0 por cento ). As análises físico-químicas para o N-BVT e N-TMA; e, as análises microbiológicas para pesquisa de Salmonella spp em 25 gramas e contagem de Staphylococcus coagulase positiva indicaram 100,0 por cento de conformidade com a legislação vigente. A totalidade das amostras apresentou-se não conforme para o parâmetro pH, com medições que variaram de 6,86 a 8,57. Nas análises sensoriais encontraram-se valores de firmeza do filé de 9,02 a 2,52 N, com uma média de 5,3 ± 1,6 N e a colorimetria indicou que os filés de Polaca do Alasca encontravam-se escurecidos e amarelados. Conclusão - A aplicação do checklist indicou deficiências na manutenção da temperatura e na operação das gôndolas de exposição, não proporcionando as condições ideais para a manutenção do pescado congelado durante o seu armazenamento. Embora os resultados das análises microbiológicas tenham demonstrado que os produtos estivessem próprios para o consumo, as análises físico-químicas, em específico os parâmetros referentes ao pH, não estavam de acordo com os valores determinados pela legislação vigente. / Introduction - Fish products are widely used for food production based on raw material of animal origin. In the last decades, technological innovations enabled a raise in the commercialization of frozen fish fillets that turned the temperature control throughout the food chain into essential for its quality maintenance. The import trade of fish products, amongst them the Walleye Pollock, is increasing year after year, being the supermarkets and hypermarkets of São Paulos Metropolitan Region responsible for 49,0 per cent of all Brazilian imported fish products demand. Objective - To evaluate the hygienic-sanitary conditions of packaged frozen fish exposed for sale in supermarkets of Greater São Paulo in accordance with legal regulations. Methodology - This study was based upon two approaches: case study research and laboratory analysis. It was selected 30 supermarkets of four counties of the Greater São Paulo region for the evaluation of products and equipments hygienic-sanitary conditions by the application of a specific checklist and sample collection, from 7 to 29 September 2013. It was collected 30 samples, which one comprised of 3 - 1 kg packages of Walleye Pollock frozen fillets from the same brand, batch number, manufacturing and expiration date, representing 3 kg by sample and totaling 90 kg of analyzed product. A share of these samples, 30 - 1 kg packages, was accommodated and transported in temperature-controlled isothermal box to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of USP laboratory for the microbiological (Coagulase positive Staphylococci and Salmonella spp) analysis. The other 60 - 1kg packages were sent, under the same conditions, to the Fishery Institute for physico-chemical (pH, N-BVT and N-TMA and sensory (colorimetry and texture) analysis. Results - The non-compliance acts more frequently observed in the checklist, in descending order, were: presence of ice crystals (100,0 per cent ) and abusive temperature above - 12°C (100,0 per cent ) of the products, absence of SIF imprint (83,3 per cent ); lack of truthfulness in the temperature indicated on the equipment thermometer (66,6 per cent ) and presence of food remains at the bottom of the equipment (50,0 per cent ). The physico-chemical analysis for N-BVT and N-TMA; and, the microbiological analysis for Salmonella spp/25 g and the coagulase positive Staphylococci counts indicated 100,0 per cent of compliance with legal regulations. The totality of the samples were inadequate for the pH parameter, with measurements ranging from 6,86 to 8,57. The sensory analysis shown values of fillet firmness of 9,02 to 2,52 N, in an average of 5,3 &177; 1,6 N and the colorimetry indicated that the walleye pollock fillets were darkened and yellowish. Conclusion - The checklist results pointed out to deficiencies in controlling the temperature and freezers operations and did not offer the ideal conditions to frozen fishs quality maintenance throughout its storage. Although the microbiological analysis results showed that the frozen fish fillets were appropriate for consumption, the physic-chemical analysis, particularly the pH parameters, were not in accordance with values indicated in the current regulation.

Introdução - O pescado é amplamente utilizado para a produção de alimentos à base de matéria-prima de origem animal. Nas últimas décadas, inovações tecnológicas possibilitaram o aumento na comercialização de pescado na forma de filé congelado, tornando o controle de temperatura durante a cadeia de produção essencial para a manutenção da sua qualidade. A importação de pescado, inclusive da Polaca do Alasca, vem crescendo ano a ano, sendo os supermercados e hipermercados, da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, responsáveis por 49,0 por cento de toda a demanda nacional. Objetivos - Avaliar as condições higienicossanitárias de pescado congelado e embalado exposto à venda em gôndolas de supermercados da Grande São Paulo, de acordo com a legislação vigente. Métodos - A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com base em duas abordagens: estudo de campo e laboratorial. Foram selecionados 30 supermercados de 4 municípios da região da Grande São Paulo para aplicação de checklist de avaliação das condições higienicossanitárias do produto e dos equipamentos de exposição e para a coleta de amostras, no período de 7 a 29 de setembro de 2013. Foram coletadas 30 amostras, sendo cada amostra constituída por 3 embalagens de 1 kg de filé de Polaca do Alasca congelado de uma mesma marca, lote, data de fabricação e validade; representando 3 kg por amostra e totalizando 90 kg de produto analisado. Uma parte das amostras, 30 embalagens de 1 kg, foi acondicionada em caixas isotérmicas com temperatura controlada e encaminhada ao laboratório da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da USP para realização das análises microbiológicas (Staphylococcus coagulase positiva e Salmonella spp). As demais 60 embalagens de 1k foram encaminhadas, sob as mesmas condições, ao laboratório do Instituto de Pesca para realização das análises físico-químicas (pH, N-BVT e N-TMA) e sensoriais (colorimetria e textura). Resultados - As principais não conformidades encontradas no checklist, em ordem decrescente, foram: presença de cristais de gelo (100,0 por cento ) e temperatura abusiva dos produtos acima de -12°C (100,0 por cento ); ausência do carimbo do SIF (83,3 por cento ); falta de veracidade na temperatura indicada no termômetro do equipamento (66,6 por cento ) e presença de restos de alimento no fundo dos equipamentos (50,0 por cento ). As análises físico-químicas para o N-BVT e N-TMA; e, as análises microbiológicas para pesquisa de Salmonella spp em 25 gramas e contagem de Staphylococcus coagulase positiva indicaram 100,0 por cento de conformidade com a legislação vigente. A totalidade das amostras apresentou-se não conforme para o parâmetro pH, com medições que variaram de 6,86 a 8,57. Nas análises sensoriais encontraram-se valores de firmeza do filé de 9,02 a 2,52 N, com uma média de 5,3 ± 1,6 N e a colorimetria indicou que os filés de Polaca do Alasca encontravam-se escurecidos e amarelados. Conclusão - A aplicação do checklist indicou deficiências na manutenção da temperatura e na operação das gôndolas de exposição, não proporcionando as condições ideais para a manutenção do pescado congelado durante o seu armazenamento. Embora os resultados das análises microbiológicas tenham demonstrado que os produtos estivessem próprios para o consumo, as análises físico-químicas, em específico os parâmetros referentes ao pH, não estavam de acordo com os valores determinados pela legislação vigente. / Introduction - Fish products are widely used for food production based on raw material of animal origin. In the last decades, technological innovations enabled a raise in the commercialization of frozen fish fillets that turned the temperature control throughout the food chain into essential for its quality maintenance. The import trade of fish products, amongst them the Walleye Pollock, is increasing year after year, being the supermarkets and hypermarkets of São Paulos Metropolitan Region responsible for 49,0 per cent of all Brazilian imported fish products demand. Objective - To evaluate the hygienic-sanitary conditions of packaged frozen fish exposed for sale in supermarkets of Greater São Paulo in accordance with legal regulations. Methodology - This study was based upon two approaches: case study research and laboratory analysis. It was selected 30 supermarkets of four counties of the Greater São Paulo region for the evaluation of products and equipments hygienic-sanitary conditions by the application of a specific checklist and sample collection, from 7 to 29 September 2013. It was collected 30 samples, which one comprised of 3 - 1 kg packages of Walleye Pollock frozen fillets from the same brand, batch number, manufacturing and expiration date, representing 3 kg by sample and totaling 90 kg of analyzed product. A share of these samples, 30 - 1 kg packages, was accommodated and transported in temperature-controlled isothermal box to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of USP laboratory for the microbiological (Coagulase positive Staphylococci and Salmonella spp) analysis. The other 60 - 1kg packages were sent, under the same conditions, to the Fishery Institute for physico-chemical (pH, N-BVT and N-TMA and sensory (colorimetry and texture) analysis. Results - The non-compliance acts more frequently observed in the checklist, in descending order, were: presence of ice crystals (100,0 per cent ) and abusive temperature above - 12°C (100,0 per cent ) of the products, absence of SIF imprint (83,3 per cent ); lack of truthfulness in the temperature indicated on the equipment thermometer (66,6 per cent ) and presence of food remains at the bottom of the equipment (50,0 per cent ). The physico-chemical analysis for N-BVT and N-TMA; and, the microbiological analysis for Salmonella spp/25 g and the coagulase positive Staphylococci counts indicated 100,0 per cent of compliance with legal regulations. The totality of the samples were inadequate for the pH parameter, with measurements ranging from 6,86 to 8,57. The sensory analysis shown values of fillet firmness of 9,02 to 2,52 N, in an average of 5,3 &177; 1,6 N and the colorimetry indicated that the walleye pollock fillets were darkened and yellowish. Conclusion - The checklist results pointed out to deficiencies in controlling the temperature and freezers operations and did not offer the ideal conditions to frozen fishs quality maintenance throughout its storage. Although the microbiological analysis results showed that the frozen fish fillets were appropriate for consumption, the physic-chemical analysis, particularly the pH parameters, were not in accordance with values indicated in the current regulation.

El propósito de la presente investigación es resolver las principales controversias que giran alrededor la responsabilidad social corporativa. Teniendo como principal objetivo conocer el grado de influencia e impacto de su aplicación en la reputación corporativa y el rendimiento financiero en las empresas del sector Retail, específicamente en los supermercados de Lima Metropolitana del año 2018. Para lograr esto se utilizó como modelo principal las cuatro dimensiones de la responsabilidad social corporativa planteadas por Carroll. El trabajo consta de un marco teórico en el cual se define tres temas importantes: la responsabilidad social corporativa, reputación corporativa y el rendimiento financiero. En segundo lugar, se encuentra el plan de investigación estableciendo el problema, hipótesis y objetivos de la investigación así como la metodología a utilizarse. Después, se realizó el desarrollo a través de entrevistas en profundidad a expertos dentro del rubro y encuestas a personas que cumplieran con el perfil delimitado para el estudio. Como consecuencia, en el quinto capítulo se desarrolla el análisis de cada uno de los instrumentos realizados. Por último, esta investigación termina con conclusiones y recomendaciones para todo aquel que busque conocer el grado de relación e impacto entre las Responsabilidad social corporativa, Reputación corporativa y Rendimiento financiero generadas a partir del análisis realizado. / The purpose of the present investigation is to resolve the main controversies of corporate social responsibility. Having as main objective to know the degree of influence and the impact of its application on corporate reputation and financial performance in companies in retail sector, specifically in the supermarkets of Lima Metropolitana in 2018. To achieve this, it was used as main model the four dimensions of corporate social responsibility proposed by Carroll. The work consists of a theoretical framework in which three important topics are defined: Corporate social responsibility, Corporate reputation and Financial profitability. Secondly, is found the research plan establishing the problem, hypothesis and objectives of the investigation as well as the methodology to be used. Then, the development was carried out through in-depth interviews with experts within the sector and surveys with people who met the profile defined for the study. Finally, the analysis of each of the instruments performed. This research ends with the conclusions and recommendations generated from the analysis accomplished. / Tesis

This thesis examines the nature of labour usage within a market-leading Australian food retail firm and the employment relations consequences of the labour usage strategies employed by the firm. Retail employment is well established as a research subject in the UK, but has received comparatively little research attention in Australia. Given that retail industry employment accounts for 15 per cent of the Australian workforce, this represents a significant oversight. Within the retail industry, the supermarket and grocery sector employs 6 per cent of the Australian workforce. The sector is dominated by two major chains and is highly competitive, with a reputation for low profit margins, mundane jobs and low pay. The sector is recognised for an employment structure that is segmented with one segment holding full-time jobs with core employment conditions and the other segment, part-time jobs with poor working conditions. The dominant theory used by scholars to explain this employment structure is the dual labour market model and later iterations such as Atkinson's flexible firm model. This research assesses the value of these models, in particular Atkinson's flexible firm model, as a representation of the labour usage strategies of a market-leading Australian food retail firm. This analysis demonstrates that, in a general sense, Atkinson's model has applicability to the labour usage strategies exhibited in food retailing. The research found that, contrary to the theories of dual labour markets, a strong internal labour market operated within the firm with short hours casual employment as the port of entry. The benefits of this practice for the organisation were flexibility in labour usage and substantial wage savings, while the negative consequences were recruitment difficulties, exacerbated by high levels of staff turnover. For the employees, the consequences depended on their position in the organisational hierarchy and their individual circumstances, but involved initially accepting limited working hours and low pay in order to gain entry into the organisation. The research undertaken for this thesis leads to the development of a revised model, the casual internal labour market model, which more accurately depicts the labour usage strategies within the case study organisation. Retail researchers argue that it is necessary to understand the dynamics of the industry in order to understand the structure of labour usage. Additionally, employment relations and retail researchers both stress the need to contextualise labour usage patterns within broader environmental constraints and supply side factors. In seeking to achieve this, this research examines business strategies, retail specific employment relations literature and the Australian employment relations context. Furthermore, this study addresses the issue of retail employment strategies at several levels within one of Australia's market-leading food retailers: corporate level, store level and at the level of individual departments within the store. In doing so, this thesis highlights the differences in labour usage between stores and between departments within the stores and thereby provides a more detailed picture of the labour use practices within food retailers.