<p>Technology based self-service (TBSS) used in supermarket self-scanning checkouts is a relatively new phenomenon in Sweden. Studies on TBSS as a self- checkout device have been formerly carried out but with focus on the customer perspective. The authors therefore saw a challenge in covering the self-scan checkout concept, from a company perspective. The purpose of this research paper is to investigate, through a management perspective, the changes brought about by implementing an innovative TBSS system in Swedish supermarkets, and its effect on the competitiveness of the company. This is done by presenting and linking the theoretical framework and empirical study in the research. The theoretical framework of the paper includes the following topics: role and importance of innovation in a business context and TBSS as innovation as well as product life cycle connected to innovation; competitive advantage theory and complementary concepts, value chain theory, and finally the importance of customer relationship management in the ‘new’ self-service economy. The empirical study consists of two Swedish supermarkets in the city of Linköping, Coop Forum and ICA Maxi. Results of the research paper mainly include the following: Changes brought about by implementing technology-based self-service systems in supermarkets must be discussed in the view of short-term and long- term perspectives separately. Changes involve the value creating activities of supermarkets and include increased quality of services to customers. It has been further found that TBSS can add to the competitiveness of supermarkets. However, positive financial results can only be expected in the long-term which in the case of Swedish supermarkets offering TBSS services is not yet apparent. The empirical findings have shown that Coop Forum and ICA Maxi had to carry out changes and make adjustments to their value activities and customer relationship management in order to operate TBSS checkouts successfully. Competitiveness between them has been also affected due to the TBSS service offering.</p>

Technology based self-service (TBSS) used in supermarket self-scanning checkouts is a relatively new phenomenon in Sweden. Studies on TBSS as a self- checkout device have been formerly carried out but with focus on the customer perspective. The authors therefore saw a challenge in covering the self-scan checkout concept, from a company perspective. The purpose of this research paper is to investigate, through a management perspective, the changes brought about by implementing an innovative TBSS system in Swedish supermarkets, and its effect on the competitiveness of the company. This is done by presenting and linking the theoretical framework and empirical study in the research. The theoretical framework of the paper includes the following topics: role and importance of innovation in a business context and TBSS as innovation as well as product life cycle connected to innovation; competitive advantage theory and complementary concepts, value chain theory, and finally the importance of customer relationship management in the ‘new’ self-service economy. The empirical study consists of two Swedish supermarkets in the city of Linköping, Coop Forum and ICA Maxi. Results of the research paper mainly include the following: Changes brought about by implementing technology-based self-service systems in supermarkets must be discussed in the view of short-term and long- term perspectives separately. Changes involve the value creating activities of supermarkets and include increased quality of services to customers. It has been further found that TBSS can add to the competitiveness of supermarkets. However, positive financial results can only be expected in the long-term which in the case of Swedish supermarkets offering TBSS services is not yet apparent. The empirical findings have shown that Coop Forum and ICA Maxi had to carry out changes and make adjustments to their value activities and customer relationship management in order to operate TBSS checkouts successfully. Competitiveness between them has been also affected due to the TBSS service offering.

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In this thesis, the optimal location for a large format, organic food retail store is determined using the Huff Model in Montreal, Canada. The Huff Model has been widely used in marketing analysis to determine the optimal location in a variety of contexts. First, the study used Statistics Canada 2001 food expenditure data for Montreal to generate a double log linear food expenditure model for Montreal consumers. Variance Inflation Factors were calculated to test if there were multicollinearity problems, and a Breusch-Pagen test was done to test for heteroskedasticity. Neither of the results showed any statistical problems. Second, AC Nielson survey results were used to facilitate the organic food expenditure calculation process. Third, the travel distance from all census tracts in Montreal to the candidate store locations were calculated using the Manhattan distance calculator (McLafferty and Grady, 2005). Finally, the Huff Model was used to calculate an attractiveness index for each candidate location. The conclusion from the results of the empirical analysis was that, among the 45 candidate locations, which are scattered all across Montreal, 5445 de Gaspe gained the highest attractiveness index. This location is situated close to relatively affluent and highly populated areas of the city, and is also very accessible. Not only is this just a few blocks from two metro stations, and close to city bus routes, it is also adjacent to several major streets such as Saint-Laurent to the west, Saint-Denis to the east, Rosemont to the north and Saint-Joseph to the south. This thesis has provided a new application of the Huff model, which could be used in various markets, and has provided an interesting combination of models from the field of Economic Geography, and Agricultural Economics.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1993.

The transformation of the world economy that brought the collapse of borders and trade barriers brought a setting conducive to the prosperity of large corporations, while small and medium enterprises have gained additional difficulties to remain in operation. However, with the emergence of collaborative networks of small and medium enterprises through its membership in collaborative networks had the opportunity to reposition itself to face this new scenario. Particularly, the neighborhood grocery, which falls within that context might get to compete against the big hypermarket chains that have proliferated in this environment. With this thesis developed, it was through a case study to identify the factors of competitiveness achieved by a network of supermarkets in operation for over 10 years in local market. Were observed and pointed out the factors that pushed the network over the years of operation and points that deserve more attention and treatment to eliminate potential points of disruption in the operation and that can be improved and provide assistance to each of the network and associated companies hence the network itself. / A transformação da economia mundial, que trouxe a queda das barreiras e fronteiras comerciais, apresenta um cenário propício para a prosperidade das grandes corporações, enquanto, as pequenas e médias empresas ganharam dificuldades adicionais para se manter em operação. Entretanto, com o surgimento das redes de cooperação, as pequenas e médias empresas, através da sua associação em redes de cooperação, tiveram a oportunidade de se reposicionar frente a esse novo cenário. Particularmente, os supermercados de bairros, que se inserem nesse contexto, puderam adquirir condições de competividade frente às grandes cadeias de hipermercados que proliferaram neste ambiente. Com essa dissertação desenvolvida, procurou-se, através de um estudo de caso, identificar quais os fatores de competitividade alcançados por uma rede de supermercados em operação há mais 10 anos no mercado local. Foram observados e apontados os fatores que impulsionaram a rede ao longo desses anos de operação e os temas que merecem maior atenção e tratamento para eliminar possíveis pontos de ruptura na operação. Também assuntos que podem ser melhorados e trazer contribuição a cada uma das empresas associadas à rede e consequentemente à própria rede.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:58:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4075.pdf: 10152096 bytes, checksum: 1bd0b4be974c325de30868fdf9374259 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-17 / The Law #10.257/2001 creates some instruments for urban management, among which the Study of Neighborhood Impact (EIV), which despite being required by this law, still hasn t been convincingly regulated by the municipal governments. The present thesis deals with the Study of Neighborhood Impact applied to supermarkets in cities of different sizes (Ribeirao Preto, Sao Carlos and Ilha Solteira) considering their local and regional impacts. The objectives of this research were to identify, present and evaluate the post-building impact related to this kind of enterprise, its valuation, the identification of its influence areas and the related policy acts. In order to reach these objectives, a combination of System of Geographic Information, cross-impact matrix, application of questionnaire and in loco data collection has been used. As a result, it has been verified that the impacts occur independently on the size of the enterprise and of the city. However, they do occur in different magnitudes, and the location of the enterprise in the urban environment is a relevant factor for minimizing them. Still, the verification of attributions to the physical environment in the analysis of the impacts has been considered important in measuring them, so as to include the environmental aspects together with the urban and socio-economic ones in the characterization and analysis of the impacts. Therefore, the EIV sets itself up as an instrument of urban management, allowing more efficient management to urban conflicts and contributing with sustainable development of urban environment. / O Estatuto da Cidade apresentou alguns instrumentos para gestão urbana, dentre os quais o Estudo de Impactos de Vizinhança que, embora seja exigência desta Lei, ainda não foi regulamentado de forma convincente pelos governos municipais. A presente tese trata do estudo de Impacto de Vizinhança aplicado a supermercados em cidades de diferentes portes (Ribeirão Preto, São Carlos e Ilha Solteira) e seus impactos locais e regionais. Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram identificar, apresentar e avaliar os impactos pós-ocupação relacionados a este tipo de empreendimento, sua valoração, a identificação da área de influência e a verificação da legislação pertinente ao instrumento. Para alcançá-los, foram utilizados conjuntamente Sistema de Informações Geográficas, matriz cruzada de impactos, aplicação de questionário e levantamento de dados no local. Como resultado verificou-se que os impactos ocorrem independentemente do porte do empreendimento e da cidade, porém com magnitudes diferentes, sendo a localização do empreendimento na malha urbana um aspecto relevante para minimização dos impactos. A verificação de atributos do meio físico na análise de impactos foi considerada importante na mensuração dos impactos, de modo a incluir os aspectos ambientais associados aos urbanísticos e sócio-econômicos para caracterização e análise dos impactos. Dessa forma, o EIV configura-se como um instrumento de gestão urbana, responsável pela intermediação dos conflitos de usos e atividades vizinhas, com a qual busca-se um desenvolvimento mais sustentável nos ambientes urbanos.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-16T14:49:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2016703 bytes, checksum: 8406d3df7aa395db2c073b5878d16b5c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The objective of study is to undersand the relations between personal, structural and sociocultural factors and the consumption behavior of people with physical and visual disabilities in supermarkets of João Pessoa-PB. In this way, theories were approached regarding the Transformative Consumer Research, Multiculturalism, Identities, Minority Groups , Historical Models of people with disabilities, Disabled Consumer and Retail in the context of disability. At first, it was designed three dimensions of disabled consumption with disabilities, that was Environmental, socialcultural and personal factors. The adopted methodology was oriented by the transformative paradigm, applying three distinct stages in the empirical research, corresponding to (1) architectural mapping of the most popular supermarkets of the city, (2) interviews with consumers with physical and visual disabilities and (3) naturalistic observation of a consumption process of a disability consumer. The strategy used in the data collection was, at first, a list of parameters based on ABNT 9050, in order to measure the adequacy levels of accessibility in retail environment. So, it was mensured the accessibility level of 04 supermarkets and 04 hypermarkets of João Pessoa. In the second phase of this research, it was conducted 16 in-depth, semi-structured and face-to-face interviews, that was based and structured on the three dimensions previously outlined. Finally, in stage of the naturalistic observation, it was used personal notes to write the facts and impressions that was capture during the consumption process of a wheelchair consumer in an hipermermarket of João Pessoa. The fulfilment of these three research stages provided an overview of the consumption of these people in the local retail supermarkets and hipermarkets. Over and above the physical/structural inaccessibility found in these stablishments, it is often found a lot ofsocial and cultural barriers, represented by inadequate forms of treating and wrong conceptions about them,. However, it doesn‟t prevent these consumer from going to stores, picking their products, checking prices,chosing brands, or having a positive outlook of themselves as people and consumer. For them, the time to go shopping in the supermarkets means pleasure, autonomy, self-affirmation and freedom / O presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender as relações entre fatores pessoais, estruturais e socioculturais e o comportamento de consumo de pessoas com deficiência física e visual em ambientes de supermercados e hipermercados da cidade de João Pessoa/PB. Como aparato teórico, foram utilizadas teorias e conceitos referentes à Transformative Consumer Research, Multiculturalismo, Identidades, Grupos minoritários, Modelos Históricos relativos às pessoas com deficiência, Consumidor com Deficiência e Varejo, no contexto da deficiência. Para fins desta pesquisa, foram inicialmente delineadas as três dimensões de influência no comportamento do consumidor com deficiência: Ambientais, socioculturais e pessoais. Em seguida, como forma de alcançar o objetivo proposto na pesquisa, foram empreendidas, com base no paradigma transformativo, três etapas empíricas distintas, que corresponderam ao (1) mapeamento arquitetônico dos supermercados e hipermercados da cidade, seguidas da (2) realização de entrevistas com consumidores com deficiência física e visual, e por fim, a (3) observação naturalística de consumo de um destes clientes. Como procedimentos de coleta, na primeira etapa, foi construída uma lista de parâmetros, com base na norma ABNT 9050, a fim de mensurar a adequação aos níveis de acessibilidades destes ambientes. Assim, foram visitados 04 dos principais estabelecimentos categorizados como supermercados e 04 como hipermercados da cidade. No segundo momento da pesquisa, foram realizadas 16 entrevistas em profundidade, semi-estruturadas, face-a-face, cujo roteiro foi construído a partir das três dimensões anteriormente delineadas, e por fim, na etapa da observação naturalística, foram utilizados notas e registros para captar os fatos e as impressões acerca do consumo de uma cliente cadeirante em um hipermercado da cidade. A conexão destas três etapas proporcionou uma visão abrangente sobre o consumo destas pessoas no contexto local. Além de ser averiguada a real inacessibilidade física/estrutural destes estabelecimentos, em especial dos supermercados locais, foi percebido também que barreiras sociais e culturais se fazem presentes sobre a forma de tratamentos e conceitos inadequados quanto a estas pessoas. Porém, ambas as barreiras supracitadas não os impede de ir aos estabelecimentos que lhes parecem mais adequados, escolher seus produtos, verificar preços e qualidade, ter preferências por determinadas marcas, nem de ter uma visão positiva sobre si mesmos, pois, para eles, o momento de ir às compras significa prazer, autonomia, auto-afirmação e liberdade

The second half of the twentieth century was a period of structural change in Brazil, beginning with the process of industrialization, which resulted in social and economic transformations, such as urbanization and modernization of the main cities of the country, the migration of rural population to cities, the emergence of new sectors in the economy, increasing jobs and income, etc.. But what draws the most attention is the reconfiguration of the profile of agents in economic spheres, from the 60s, which were sourced from family groups that increase in income, abruptly, and subsequently gained social recognition and acted only the sphere (economic), unlike the previous economic group, which conciliated activities in political and economic spheres. Thus, we aim to analyze, how was the formation of this second set of entrepreneurs in reality distinct, organized around family businesses, which are designed economically in the context in which the goods and services sector experienced the initiation and expansion "supermercadismo" in Brazil, from the 50s Therefore, we examine the political-economic context and illustrate the rise of entrepreneurial families through the formation of three supermarket chains: Paes Mendonça S / a, Bompreço (both family Paes Mendonça) and GBarbosa. The survey pointed out that the emergence of family groups in economic rise was a result of its investments in the grocery business, which received incentives from the federal government, creating a structure that favored their growth, however, went beyond, to show the weight of the model family business, since the key features needed in this economic sphere were incorporated into the family capital, thanks to the investments of the household members. / A segunda metade do século XX foi um período de mudanças estruturais no Brasil, a começar pelo processo de industrialização, o qual resultou em transformações sociais e econômicas, tais como a urbanização e a modernização das principais capitais do país, a migração da população rural para as cidades, o surgimento de novos setores na economia, o aumento da oferta de emprego e da renda, etc. Porém, o que mais chama a atenção é a reconfiguração do perfil dos agentes nas esferas econômicas, a partir da década de 60, que eram originados de grupos familiares que ascenderam economicamente, de forma repentina, e posteriormente, ganharam um reconhecimento social e atuaram apenas na esfera (econômica), ao contrário do grupo econômico anterior, que conciliava atividades nas esferas política e econômica. Dessa forma, almejamos analisar, como se deu a formação desse segundo conjunto de empresários, de realidade distinta, organizados em torno de empresas familiares, que se projetaram economicamente no contexto no qual o setor de bens e serviços experimentou o início e a expansão do “supermercadismo” no Brasil, a partir da década de 50. Para tanto, examinamos o contexto político-econômico e ilustramos a ascensão das famílias empresariais por meio da formação de três redes de supermercados: a Paes Mendonça S/A, o Bompreço (ambas da família Paes Mendonça) e o GBarbosa. A pesquisa apontou que o aparecimento de grupos familiares, em ascensão econômica, foi resultante dos seus investimentos no ramo de supermercados, que recebeu incentivos do governo federal, criando uma estrutura que favorecesse seu crescimento, porém, fomos além, ao mostrar o peso do modelo de empresa familiar, uma vez que os principais recursos necessários nessa esfera econômica foram incorporados ao capital familiar, graças aos investimentos dos membros das famílias.

Submitted by Juliana Correa (juliana.correa@unioeste.br) on 2017-09-06T11:29:33Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Nezio J. da Silva 2016.pdf: 2726149 bytes, checksum: c01b9a9e6c77dfacb0c211641a4fa695 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-06T11:29:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Nezio J. da Silva 2016.pdf: 2726149 bytes, checksum: c01b9a9e6c77dfacb0c211641a4fa695 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-01 / This study aimed to identify, characterize and analyze the risk management in different sizes of supermarkets in the municipality of Francisco Beltrão - PR. And to realize this main goal was delimited specific objectives: to identify and systematize information on risk management from the perspective of the owners or Francisco Beltrão - PR supermarket managers; characterize and analyze the supermarkets Risk Management from the size of the companies, seeking ways to enable point characteristics of companies that adopt best practices (MPs) and; proposed risk management mechanisms to be applied in the supermarket industry. The problem sought to answer: it is possible to identify how managed the risk in supermarkets, taking into account the different sizes in the municipality of Francisco Beltrão - PR? The methodology of this study ranked as exploratory quantitative nature and type of applied research nature. As for the method of approach is classified by the hypotheticaldeductive method. The method of rationalization was the statistical and experimentation of the inductive method. As for the technical procedures were employed resources of descriptive statistics by frequency analysis and cross-checking (crosstabs), which allowed inferences by using the computational tool SPSS 18.0. The survey sample was represented by 48 supermarkets, distributed as follows: 5 large supermarkets; 8 medium-sized; 12 small and 23 small establishments, being obtained 44 responses. The data collection was made through a questionnaire with questions focused on risk assessment that have been applied to the owners or managers of supermarkets. The results answer the question problem this dissertation statistically were proven that the 5 groups of variables, totaling 32 sub-items that generated the following results: companies use economic and financial feasibility analysis plans for expansion or business expansion, has a low level of inventory management, are contradictory in Human Resources management issues, respondents women have been more fitting to process management of contracts with suppliers, entrepreneurs pay little attention to monitoring the competition, it has not been provident as competition generated by social media such as websites, e-commerce and are still quite proficient in the management and control of assets. / Este estudo tem por objetivo identificar, caracterizar e analisar a gestão de riscos em supermercados de tamanhos diferentes no município de Francisco Beltrão-PR. Para dar conta desse objetivo principal, delimitou-se como objetivos específicos: identificar e sistematizar informações sobre a Gestão de Riscos a partir da visão dos proprietários ou gerentes de supermercados de Francisco Beltrão- PR; caracterizar e analisar a Gestão de Riscos de supermercados a partir do tamanho das empresas, buscando aspectos que permitam apontar características das empresas que adotam melhores práticas (MPs) e; propor mecanismos de Gestão de Riscos a serem aplicado no setor de supermercados. A problemática buscou responder: é possível identificar como é gerido o risco em supermercados, levando-se em consideração, diversos tamanhos no município de Francisco Beltrão – PR? A metodologia do presente estudo classificou-se como exploratória de cunho quantitativo e de natureza do tipo pesquisa aplicada. Quanto ao método de abordagem, classifica-se pelo método hipotéticodedutivo. O método de racionalização foi o estatístico e da experimentação do método indutivo. Quanto aos procedimentos técnicos foram empregados recursos da Estatística Descritiva, através da Análise de Frequência e do cruzamento de dados (CrossTabs), que permitiram inferências através do uso da ferramenta computacional SPSS® 18.0. A amostra da pesquisa foi representada por 48 supermercados, distribuídos da seguinte forma: 5 grandes supermercados; 8 de médio porte; 12 de pequeno porte e; 23 pequenos estabelecimentos, sendo obtidas 44 respostas. O recolhimento de dados se deu através de um questionário com perguntas focadas em avaliação de riscos que foram aplicadas com os proprietários ou gerentes dos supermercados. Os resultados encontrados respondem à questão-problema desta dissertação, estatisticamente ficou comprovado 5 grupos de variáveis, totalizando 32 subitens que geraram os seguintes resultados: as empresas utilizam de planos de análise de viabilidade econômico-financeira para ampliação ou expansão dos negócios; têm baixo nível de gestão de estoques; são contraditórios nas questões de gestão de Recursos Humanos; as mulheres respondentes têm sido mais aderentes aos processos de gestão dos contratos com fornecedores; os empresários dão pouca atenção ao monitoramento da concorrência; não têm sido providentes quanto a concorrência gerada pelas mídias sociais como sites, e-commerce e ainda; são bastante proficientes na gestão e controle do patrimônio.