The use of English words in Italian has been an active phenomenon for centuries. Opinions diverge whether this is a positive part of a natural linguistic evolution in a globalized world, or a linguistic breakdown to be avoided at all cost. In the present study, the history of anglicisms in Italian language will be examined, as well as modern day characteristics of Anglo-Saxon influence and adaptation on the Italian peninsula. The result is a colorful portrait of an Italian language in movement, with anglicisms being part of the linguistic field in both the written and spoken contemporary language. The view of the Accademia della Crusca, the Italian academy for linguistic preservation, is explored, as well as some potential social factors contributing to this form of linguistic innovation.

Levanta os estrangeirismos contidos na revista semanal japonesa Shukan Asahi (nº 4825, de 6/7/2007); destaca os estrangeirismos de origem na língua inglesa anglicismos; estuda de modo contextualizado o modo como são utilizados os anglicismos selecionados; levanta características de utilização na língua japonesa: diferença ou não quanto a classe morfológica e carga semântica em relação à língua de origem, modo de adaptação dentro da língua receptora. Discorre sobre a relação da abundância de anglicismos em materiais impressos em língua japonesa e o ensino/aprendizagem de vocábulos na língua japonesa enquanto língua estrangeira. Discorre sobre as razões intrínsecas que levam o indivíduo a utilizar palavras de outras línguas; sobre a relação da língua inglesa com as demais línguas. / Pick up the loanwords from inside the Japanese weekly magazine Shukan Asahi (No. 4825 of 06/07/2007); highlights loanwords from English language anglicism; study through a contextualized way the use of those selected anglicisms; raises anglicisms features of using in the Japanese language: morphological and semantic differences the word is used in the language of origin, methods of adjustment in the receiving language. Discourses the relationship between the abundance of anglicisms in Japanese language printed materials and the teaching/learning words in Japanese as a foreign language. Discuss the intrinsic reason that made the individual motivates to use words from other languages; the relationship among English language and other languages.

This essay examines anglicisms from a translation perspective. The material consists of two German articles on Internet business and social media and their respective translations into Swedish. The overall aim is to examine different methods and strategies for deciding whether to substitute a particular anglicism by an equivalent Swedish word or whether to transfer it into the Swedish target text. The chosen method for investigating the occurrence of, and attitudes towards, particular anglicisms in Swedish was parallel text comparison and interviews. Following Göran Inghult’s theories on transference types, as well as examining the structural and cultural obstacles to adopting anglicisms into Swedish, the material is analysed from a linguistic and cultural point of view. The essay shows that Swedish texts show less evident anglicisms than the German ones. Cultural obstacles, such as attitudes towards anglicisms, and linguistic obstacles, such as the Swedish suffixation of nouns in the definite form, are central to the assumption that translators should pay special attention to anglicisms when translating from German to Swedish.

The aim of this thesis is to show, on the basis of selected words, how the borrowed Anglicisms are used in the Russian and the Czech language. The goal is to familiarize the reader with neologisms, in particular with their creation and adaptation in the two languages. On the selected fifteen words we show how the borrowed words are used in both languages and how their integration to the language is similar. In the thesis we have shown the significance of Anglicisms in the languages and the possibilities of their derivatives and adaptation to the given system of the language. The main result of the thesis is a list of words which enables us to observe linguistic tendencies of borrowed words in the past decades. This list enriches the reader with borrowed words that are not so frequent for the reader to know them. The results which we have accomplished will enable us to focus on further research concerning this issue in the future. Key words New vocabulary, foreign words, neologisms, anglicisms, borrowing

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes towards English loanwords, "anglicisms", among Spanish-English bilinguals in the Metropolitan area of New York. According to the 2010 US Census, this area encompassed approximately 3.5 million people above the age of 5 speaking Spanish at home, excluding the quantity of people who have some knowledge of Spanish but who do not speak it at home.   The method used was a direct one, whereby we sent out a questionnaire, inquiring about the acceptability of 6 anglicisms deemed "necessary" and 6 anglicisms deemed "superfluous" as well as inquiring about the informants’ attitudes towards not only the users of anglicisms but also towards the broader use in society. Given that our goal was to not only have an equal amount of women and men, but also to have 3 clearly defined age groups, for whom Spanish is the maternal language, our end result of 12 participants fitting that description was somewhat underwhelming which led to problems drawing relevant conclusions.  Our main hypothesis was that we would find a higher generalized acceptance level towards anglicisms among our informants across all variables as compared to the wide disapproval found in the broader US bilingual population. In addition, we expected to see no major age-related differences in the attitudes and that men and women be equally accepting towards the necessary anglicisms but that women would show a lower level of approval towards the superfluous anglicisms.  Our hypotheses were mostly borne out by our data other than for the one assuming no agerelated differences in attitudes towards our two categories of anglicisms. The results indicated a markedly lower acceptance level in the oldest age-group than in the 2 younger age-groups, but only for the superfluous kind, while the necessary anglicisms saw similar approval levels across all age-groups.

This paper analyses cultural factors in translation from French to Swedish of four articles about economic theory for a non-specialized audience. The base hypothesis is that given the content of the articles (basic theories in Economics, such as monopolies, game theory and price discrimination) and the similarity of readers of both source and target texts (non-specialized audiences, e.g., students in Economics), cultural differences should not give rise to translation problems. The paper explores whether this is the case, and if so, how the translation difficulties can be solved. The main theoretical framework are the functional models of Nord and Reiss, which are complemented by theories on intertextuality in translation, cultural words and anglicisms. We conclude that contrary to the base hypothesis, there are several translation problems due to cultural differences. Strategies for solving them are built around the concepts of naturalisation and foreignization, as well as Brynja Svane’s theoretical model.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes towards anglicisms among Spanish speakers living in and having lived in Sweden for a minimum of five years. To participate in the study the informants had to have Spanish as their mother tongue as well as being relatively fluent in English. A total of 71 people, of which 54 were women and 17 were men, participated in the study. They were also divided into the age groups of 18-29, 30-54 and 55+. The direct method was used and the informants answered a questionnaire anonymously. In the first part of the questionnaire the informants were asked to choose, according to their preference, between anglicisms and their Spanish equivalents. In the second part the informants were asked to indicate their level of agreement or disagreement towards three positive and three negative statements concerning the use of anglicisms. The result from our investigation shows that there is a higher inclination to use an anglicism within the lower age groups. Compared to its Spanish equivalence, there was no difference between the genders regarding the usage of anglicisms. When it comes to attitudes, the pattern followed the result in the first part, with the lower age groups showing more positive attitudes towards anglicisms compared to the older ones. There was a slight difference between the genders, with the men being neutral and the women being slightly negative towards anglicisms.

The graduate's thesis deals with analysis of anglicisms as neologisms on the border of 20th - 21st century in Czech and Russian. In this thesis, the explanation of the causes of the intensive adoption of loanwords from English has been presented. The analysis of anglicisms from the viewpoint of stucture, morphological adaptation and word-forming has been carried out. The secondary aim of this analysis is to trace the manners of integration of anglicims into the Czech language system in comparison with the Russian language.

This diploma thesis deals with comprehension of newly borrowed anglicisms into the Czech language. As newly borrowed we considered those which are listed in the dictionaries of neologisms, or have not been included in them yet. The comprehension was tested at primary school pupils and students of lower secondary school. The theoretical part describes ways of enriching vocabulary, especially borrowing from foreign languages. The main research method used in the practical part was a survey. It took place in April 2014 among the pupils of the 6th and 9th classes at one of Prague's primary schools and in corresponding classes at Opava secondary school. The results were related to the sex and age of the respondents and also to the type of school they are attending. We observed increased number of successful responses in closed questions testing the passive comprehension of anglicisms than in the open-ended questions testing the active comprehension of anglicisms. Comparing responses by gender, girls reached higher percentage of successful answers or the successful answers of boys and girls were balanced. The most striking differences brought comparison of respondents by age. Older pupils reached on all issues significantly higher success rate than younger pupils. Differences were also observed in the...

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-10-17T17:39:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Hercules Brasil Vernalha.pdf: 637304 bytes, checksum: 2a04b42609fbab1340539d51573941fa (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-17T17:39:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Hercules Brasil Vernalha.pdf: 637304 bytes, checksum: 2a04b42609fbab1340539d51573941fa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-16 / This research aims to investigate the reasons for the deliberate use of Anglicisms in Brazilian contemporary business discourse, especially if they don´t help to understand the idea to be communicated. Literature on the crossing of languages and on both ancient and modern linguas francas is examined in this work in order to understand the way languages influence each other. Main historical and modern influences on Portuguese language are also studied, with special attention to English interaction process. Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), as proposed by N. Fairclough, is the methodology chosen for the investigation of the business discourse in this work. Formative influences of CDA are studied through a literature review on the many approaches of discourse analysis in both Anglo Saxon and French lines. Management and business magazines available in newsstands, Internet business sites and business e-mail messages form the corpus of this research.As a result of the work, it is possible to establish four categories of underlying reasons for the deliberate and seemingly unnecessary use of Anglicisms in Brazilian contemporary business discourse: euphemization, belonging, valorization and commodification.Euphemization is the word chosen to express the way enterprises hide or dissimulate initiatives that can be consideredharmful or inadequate in their discursive manifestation. Belonging refers to the sense of acceptance as a member of the contemporary(post-Fordist)business discourse group in opposition to the classic(Fordist)business discourse group.The word Valorizationis used to express the way oldjobs and work practices and methodologies have had their names and titles changed in order to make them sound more attractive. Commodificationis the process whereby social goods that ought not to be treated as commodities, like education and health,have been transformed into objects of tradewhiletheir discursive domainhas been colonized by the advertising discourse / Esta pesquisa visa a investigar as razões do uso deliberado de anglicismos no discurso empresarial contemporâneo do Brasil, particularmente nos casos em que eles não colaboram para aclarar a ideia comunicada. A literatura sobre o cruzamento de línguas e sobre antigas e modernas línguas francas é examinada no trabalho, com o propósito de compreender a maneira pela qual as línguas exercem influência umas sobre as outras. Também são estudadas as principais influências históricas e modernas sobre a língua portuguesa, com especial ênfase ao processo de interação com o idioma inglês. A metodologia adotada para a investigação do discurso empresarial neste trabalho é a Análise de Discurso Crítica (ADC) proposta por N. Fairclough, cujas origens formativas são estudadas por meio de uma revisão da literatura que trata das várias abordagens de análise de discurso, nas linhas anglo-saxã e francesa. O corpus da pesquisa é composto por revistas de administração e negócios de caráter popular, sítios eletrônicos específicos e mensagens de e-mail trocadas no ambiente empresarial. A partir da investigaçãoapresentada neste trabalho é possível estabelecer quatro categorias de razões subjacentes ao uso deliberado e aparentemente desnecessário dos anglicismos no discurso empresarial contemporâneo do Brasil: eufemização, pertencimento, valorização e comodificação. Eufemizaçãoé o termo escolhido para expressar a maneira pela qual as empresas procuram esconder ou dissimular, em suas manifestações discursivas, iniciativas que possam ser consideradas inadequadas ou prejudiciais.Pertencimento remete à condição de aceitação como membro do grupo que se identifica com o discurso empresarial contemporâneo (pós-fordista) em oposição ao discurso empresarial clássico (fordista).Valorizaçãoexpressa a forma pela qual antigas profissões, práticas e metodologias laborais têm seus títulos e nomes alterados para que pareçam mais atrativos. Comodificação refere-se ao tratamento de mercadoria que se dá a serviços de domínios sociais cujo alvo não é a produção de bens de consumo, como educação e saúde, enquanto seus discursos são invadidos pelo discurso da publicidade