O presente trabalho tem por escopo analisar a aplicabilidade da Lei Federal n. 9.784/99 (Lei de Processo Administrativo Federal LPAF). A partir do exame das expressões doutrinárias do direito e do processo administrativo no Brasil, busca-se investigar a extensão de sua incidência, tendo-se como premissa inicial o fato de a referida Lei representar um verdadeiro quadro ou fonte normativa primordial de ordenação da atuação administrativa, pautando requisitos mínimos para instauração, instrução e decisão relativos à formação e posterior execução da vontade funcional da Administração Pública. Nesse sentido, busca-se discutir a fórmula ou regime geral de incidência da LPAF, tendo como fundamento sua estipulação baseada em normas básicas e sua subsidiariedade em relação às espécies processuais administrativas reguladas por leis específicas. Os critérios legais de aplicabilidade da lei são evidenciados para que se chegue a um escalonamento (ordem de preferência) entre os mesmos, sobretudo a fim de melhor trilhar a extensão da lei entre os entes, entidades e órgãos submetidos a seu quadro normativo. Em vistas disso, o estudo toma como base os caracteres estruturais Administração Pública, alinhando a atividade administrativa e a consequente incidência da LPAF ao quadro de organização administrativa disposto no Anteprojeto de Lei Orgânica da Administração Pública Federal e Entes de Colaboração. Por derradeiro, estuda-se a o alcance federativo da lei, de forma a investigar a possibilidade de sua aplicação e extensão aos entes subnacionais, com a instauração de um patamar de tratamento e atuação unificados perante as diversas facetas e expressões de atividade administrativa em todas as entidades políticas (União, Distrito Federal, Estados e Municípios) / The present work aims to analyze the Federal Law n. 9.784/99 applicability (Federal Administrative Procedure Act, also known, in Brazil, as LPAF). From the examination of brazilian experts expressions about administrative law and administrative procedure law, the study seeks to investigate the extension of the LPAF impact, taking into consideration that this Act represents a primary source of normative ordering of the administrative functions and all the acts and decisions taken and made by the Public Administration. In such scope, the aim is thus to discuss a general formula for the impact of the LPAF, mainly based on its basic rules and principles and its subsidiarity in relation to administrative procedural species regulated by specific Acts. Furthermore, the legal criteria for the applicability of the LPAF are highlighted in order to reach an order of preference between them. From this point, the study sets its focus on the structural character of the Public Administration to investigate the impact of the LPAF aligned to regular administrative activity. For the last, the federal state issue is raised in order to discuss its applicability and the possibility of establishing an unified level of administrative procedures and activities through all the political entities in the Federation (Union, Federal District, States and Municipalities).

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-02-17T11:39:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Marcius Vinicius Borges Silva.pdf: 1073725 bytes, checksum: 725d8e34f0e21981a1611e275927207b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-17T11:39:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Marcius Vinicius Borges Silva.pdf: 1073725 bytes, checksum: 725d8e34f0e21981a1611e275927207b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-23 / This dissertation presents Pronatec/CTUR Family Farming course students? view on the program?s contribution to the improvement of small farmers? condition . In order to contextualize the Pronatec, we carried out a brief historical rescue of the professional technical education in Brazil, featuring some programs created since the Republican period, introducing the Family Farming Course of Pronatec/CTUR, identifying the subjects offered and their objectives. We analyzed to what extent and in what way the technical training has contributed to the professional development and to the valorization of the practice of agricultural production, which were students? interests for such training, How it was applied in practice and if they were multipliers of knowledge acquired. We used quanti-qualitative research, through questionnaires with open and closed questions, visits and observations at home, with the participation of sixteen students who finished the course. The data revealed participants? satisfaction, the good quality of the course, the teachers? genuine approach and valorization of the farmer?s family. On the other hand, we found out lack of technical support in the farmers? daily activities and lack of practical lessons during the course. / Esta disserta??o apresenta a vis?o dos alunos do curso de Agricultura Familiar do Pronatec/CTUR sobre a contribui??o do programa na melhoria de sua condi??o de pequenos agricultores. Para contextualizarmos o Pronatec, realizamos um breve resgate hist?rico do ensino t?cnico profissional no Brasil apresentando programas criados a partir do per?odo Republicano. Apresentamos o curso de Agricultura Familiar do Pronatec/CTUR, identificando as disciplinas ofertadas e seus objetivos. Analisamos at? que ponto, e de que modo, a forma??o t?cnica tem contribu?do para o desenvolvimento profissional e para a valoriza??o da pr?tica da produ??o agr?cola, quais os interesses dos alunos por essa forma??o, como aplicaram na pr?tica e se foram multiplicadores do conhecimento apreendido. Utilizamos pesquisa qualiquantitativa, atrav?s de question?rios com perguntas abertas e fechadas, visitas e observa??es domiciliares, com a participa??o de dezesseis alunos concluintes. Os dados revelaram que houve satisfa??o dos participantes, onde constatamos a qualidade do curso, o envolvimento docente com os alunos e a valoriza??o do agricultor familiar. Em contrapartida, constamos a falta de apoio t?cnico nas atividades di?rias dos Agricultores e a car?ncia de aulas pr?ticas durante o curso.

Manufacturing, under the umbrella of the latest industrial revolution, has gone through enormous changes in the last decades to then later evolve in what we know now as smart manufacturing. Different companies and entities have developed their own versions of architectures for intelligentand digitalized manufacturing systems. Ideating a exible and safe architecture is one of the first steps towards a system that intends to be applicable in different environments, regardless of the vast variety of possibilities available. For this purpose, the following thesis presents an investigation on the state-of-the-art solutions of the most recent digitalized cloud-based system architectures in the domain of discreet manufacturing. Based on an initial system architecture conceived from the company ABB, an evaluation of this architecture was conducted, by taking in consideration the existing systematical approaches to the digitalization of this industry. In the following thesis work, we investigate, describe and evaluate the limitations and strengths of the most recent and known architectural approaches to cloud robotics. Finally, a few key remarks are made towards ABB's initial solution but also to the industry in general. / PADME

The purpose of the study was to make an evaluation of curricula-training effectiveness, applicability, and need for additional training within four of the state-supported college-universities of Utah. The schools researched were Utah State University, the University of Utah, Weber State College, and Southern Utah State College. The descriptive research techniques of a closed-form questionnaire were utilized to obtain informational data for the years 1969-1971 from graduates, faculties, and selected graduates concerning common and traditional curricular areas of Ca) music theory, (b) scoring and arranging, (c) music history, Cd) conducting and rehearsal techniques, (e) vocal methods and materials, (f) instrumental methods and materials, (g) group instruction, (h) private instruction on the major instrument, (i) performance, and (j) minor instrument repair. The data revealed that there was no significant difference in the responses to the questionnaire across graduates, across faculties, across institutions, or across graduates and faculty from the same institution. The conclusions from the study indicated: present training effectiveness is generally excellent in all areas of the music education curricula in all four schools; training is highly applicable; although the training is excellent and applicable, there remains the strong desire by both graduates and faculty for additional training in all areas of curricula with the exception of traditional-music history.

This research attempt, as its title witnesses, aims to build interdisciplinary approaches and to bridge gaps within management. Management and more specific, management of industrial organizations is a scientific discipline that consists of many different fields of interest. In industrial organizations, different parties of people, such as managers, engineers and workers are asked to communicate and collaborate towards common organizational targets and goals. This is were this research finds fertile ground, and tries to bridge the gaps between the quality management philosophy and corporate culture and the evolving, value adding functions and processes of logistics. In particular, the gaps between quality management and logistics were bridged by a demonstration of the applicability of quality management practices –tools and methodologies- in a logistics context. This was conducted by an extensive exploratory research by means literature analysis of both management disciplines. The present situation, put in academic literature, was investigated and thoughtful reflections and suggestions for further use of quality management practices within logistics were provided. All the quality management tools and methodologies examined were found, with one or another way, to be employed in logistics processes. Numerous examples demonstrating the universality of quality management concepts and techniques were identified. When it comes to the specific management area of logistics, eight quality management practices were found particularly useful, with three of them, namely Service Quality, SPC and Benchmarking to be well known, and to some extent, mature within logistics. However, empirical research, of qualitative and quantitative nature, is needed to confirm the trends recognized here. The suggestions and reflections provided throughout this work indicate actions to be taken by logistics managers, in order to apply well known and widely accepted, cost saving and quality improvement, practices to their operations. In addition, these suggestions and their potential, constitute a challenging field for further research were new, applicable to logistics, quality management tools and methodologies can be found and ones that already exist can be enhanced. The originality of this work can be found in that it thesis tries to bring conceptually closer two management areas that although have many values in common are not perceived as working on the same track, towards the same goals. This research adds value in the way that illustrates, in an extensive and formal way, that there should be no barriers within management.

<p>This research attempt, as its title witnesses, aims to build interdisciplinary approaches and to bridge gaps within management. Management and more specific, management of industrial organizations is a scientific discipline that consists of many different fields of interest. In industrial organizations, different parties of people, such as managers, engineers and workers are asked to communicate and collaborate towards common organizational targets and goals. This is were this research finds fertile ground, and tries to bridge the gaps between the quality management philosophy and corporate culture and the evolving, value adding functions and processes of logistics.</p><p>In particular, the gaps between quality management and logistics were bridged by a demonstration of the applicability of quality management practices –tools and methodologies- in a logistics context. This was conducted by an extensive exploratory research by means literature analysis of both management disciplines. The present situation, put in academic literature, was investigated and thoughtful reflections and suggestions for further use of quality management practices within logistics were provided.</p><p>All the quality management tools and methodologies examined were found, with one or another way, to be employed in logistics processes. Numerous examples demonstrating the universality of quality management concepts and techniques were identified. When it comes to the specific management area of logistics, eight quality management practices were found particularly useful, with three of them, namely Service Quality, SPC and Benchmarking to be well known, and to some extent, mature within logistics. However, empirical research, of qualitative and quantitative nature, is needed to confirm the trends recognized here.</p><p>The suggestions and reflections provided throughout this work indicate actions to be taken by logistics managers, in order to apply well known and widely accepted, cost saving and quality improvement, practices to their operations. In addition, these suggestions and their potential, constitute a challenging field for further research were new, applicable to logistics, quality management tools and methodologies can be found and ones that already exist can be enhanced.</p><p>The originality of this work can be found in that it thesis tries to bring conceptually closer two management areas that although have many values in common are not perceived as working on the same track, towards the same goals. This research adds value in the way that illustrates, in an extensive and formal way, that there should be no barriers within management.</p>

Alors que l’applicabilité des mathématiques est devenue un sujet d’intérêt pour le débat philosophique récent, celui-ci n’a pas encore clairement mis l’accent sur les questions épistémiques posées par l’intervention des mathématiques dans les sciences et dans la vie quotidienne. Ces questions peuvent être formulées comme suit : comment pouvons-nous connaître la vérité d’une proposition scientifique, ou plus généralement d’une proposition sur certaines caractéristiques du monde naturel, lorsque cette proposition comprend des éléments mathématiques? Quelle sorte de justification avons-nous pour les parties mathématiques de notre connaissance empirique? Cette thèse de doctorat a un double objectif : d’une part, offrir une systématisation critique du débat philosophique en cours sur l’applicabilité. D’autre part, clarifier le problème épistémique posé par l’applicabilité des mathématiques et le séparer des problèmes métaphysiques corrélés. La première partie du travail est consacrée à la formulation des questions propres à une enquête épistémologique sur les mathématiques appliquées, ainsi qu’à la présentation de l’analyse classique de l’applicabilité offerte par Steiner. Dans la partie II, la présentation du débat récent sur l’applicabilité est organisée autour d’une distinction entre les approches qui considèrent les mathématiques pures et appliquées sur le même niveau épistémique, et celles qui distinguent le niveau de mathématiques pures du niveau des applications. Les positions étudiées sont, respectivement, les points de vue fregéen et néo-fregéen, et ce que l’on considère comme des points de vue ‘structurels’, à savoir le structuralisme mathématique (à la fois ante rem et éliminatif), la position de Field et la théorie de la mesure. La partie III introduit le débat sur l’indispensabilité des mathématiques dans les sciences, pour montrer comment les différentes formulations des arguments d’indispensabilité et les critiques qui leur sont adressées renouvellent l’attention sur les questions philosophiques liées à l’applicabilité, et clarifient la séparation entre les questions épistémiques sur les mathématiques pures (par exemple, le problème de l’accès) et les questions épistémiques sur les applications (par exemple, la justification des parties mathématiques de notre connaissance scientifique). La position de Christopher Pincock, qui théorise un traitement épistémique distinct pour les mathématiques pures et appliquées, est spécifiquement analysée. Enfin, la dernière partie en conclut ce que peuvent être les caractéristiques d’une théorie épistémologique adéquate pour les mathématiques pures et pour les mathématiques appliquées, et présentent plusieurs problématiques connexes et cruciales pour de futures recherches. / While the applicability of mathematics has become a topic of great interest in recent philosophical debate, the debate has not yet clearly focused on the fundamental epistemic questions that arise from the use of mathematics in science and in daily life. These questions can be basicallystated as follows: how can we affirm to know the truth of a scientific statement, or more generally that of any statement about a feature of the natural world, when that statement includes some elements of mathematics? What kind of justification do we have for the mathematical portions of our empirical knowledge? My PhD dissertation has a twofold purpose: on the one hand, it offers a critical systematization of the on-going philosophical debate on applicability. On the other hand, the epistemic problem posed by the applicability of mathematics is clarified and separated from correlated metaphysical issues. The first part of the work is devoted to the definition of the specific epistemic questions and the presentation of the classic analysis of applicability problem(s) offered by Steiner. In Part II, the recent debate on applicability is organized around a distinction between those approaches that take pure and applied mathematics to be on the same epistemic level, and those that keep the level of pure mathematics separate from the level of application. The positions investigated are, respectively, Fregean and Neo-Fregean views for the one-stage side, and what I refer to as ‘structural’ views for the two-stageside, namely, mathematical structuralism (both ante rem and eliminative), Field’s account, and measurement theory. Part III takes into account the related debate on the indispensability of mathematics to science, showing how the different formulations of indispensability arguments and the criticisms led to renewed attention to the philosophical questions about applicability in the early 2000s, along with a clarification of the separation between epistemic questions about pure mathematics (e.g. the access problem) and epistemic questions about applications (e.g. the justification of the mathematical portions of scientific knowledge). The account offered by Christopher Pincock, which provides a separate epistemic treatment for pure and appliedmathematics, is specifically analyzed. Finally, in the last part of the work, we draw particular conclusions about what would be, following our analysis, the features of a suitable epistemological treatment of both pure and applied mathematics, while several connected issues are identified as crucial for further inquiry. / L’applicabilità della matematica è diventata un argomento di grande interesse per il dibattito filosofico recente, ma il dibattito non si è ancora focalizzato sulle fondamentali questioni epistemologiche poste dall’uso della matematica nella scienza e nella vita quotidiana. Queste domande possono essere formulate come segue: come possiamo dire di conoscere la verità di un asserto scientifico, o più in generale di qualsiasi asserto su alcune caratteristiche del mondo naturale, quando tale asserto include elementi matematici? Che tipo di giustificazione possiamo avere per le porzioni matematiche della nostra conoscenza empirica? La presente tesi di dottorato ha un duplice scopo: da un lato, si offre una presentazione sistematica deldibattito filosofico in corso sull’applicabilità. Dall’altro lato, il problema epistemico posto dall’applicabilità della matematica è chiarito e separato dai correlati problemi metafisici. La prima parte del lavoro è dedicata alla definizione delle specifiche domande epistemiche sulla matematica applicata; si presenta inoltre l’analisi classica dei problemi legati all’applicabilità offerta da Steiner. Nella seconda parte, la presentazione del dibattito recente sull’applicabilità è organizzata attorno ad una distinzione tra le posizioni che considerano matematica pura e applicata sullo stesso livello epistemico e quelle che mantengono il livello della matematica pura separato dal livello applicativo. Le posizioni indagate sono, rispettivamente, la posizionefregeana e neo-fregeana da un lato, e le posizioni che definiremo ‘strutturali’ dall’altro, ovvero lo strutturalismo matematico (sia ante rem che eliminativo), la posizione di Field e la teoria della misura. La terza parte del lavoro affronta il dibattito sull’indispensabilità della matematica nella scienza, mostrando come le diverse formulazioni degli argomenti di indispensabilità e le critiche ad esse rivolte contribuiscano a rinnovare l’interesse per le domande filosofiche sull’applicabilità, oltre che a chiarire la separazione tra domande epistemiche sulla matematica pura (ad esempio Il problema dell’accesso) e domande epistemiche sulle applicazioni (ad esempio la giustificazione delle porzioni matematiche della nostra conoscenza scientifica). La proposta teorica di Christopher Pincock, che tratta separatamente l’epistemologia di matematica pura e applicata, è analizzata in modo specifico. Nell’ultima parte del lavoro, si traggono alcuni conclusioni su quali potrebbero essere, in seguito allo studio svolto, le caratteristiche di un trattamento adeguato dell’epistemologia della matematica pura e applicata. Infine, alcuni ulteriori problemi connessi sono individuati come cruciali per indagini future.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-04-22T14:27:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 1636388 bytes, checksum: d927078bb93538d3dca6ab935a67525c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-22T14:27:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 1636388 bytes, checksum: d927078bb93538d3dca6ab935a67525c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-24 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / In spite of its origins in the manufacturing sector, lean production has been recognized in service organizations as a management model which is able to assist managers to minimize or eliminate their waste, reducing costs and increasing the efficiency of an organization. Academic literature provides empirical evidence of the application of lean tools in the service sector, such as in hospitality, call centers, insurance companies, and especially in hospitals. Although it is possible to find practical applications, it cannot be stated that all processes have the same degree of applicability of lean production. Therefore, this dissertation investigated the applicability of lean production in different types of service processes in order to understand the implications of volume and variety dimensions to the implementation of a lean system. Thus, it was initially performed a literature survey to identify the current state of the research on the application of lean production in the service processes. In the field research, six different service processes were selected and a case study was conducted for each: technology consulting, medical consultation, car sales, car maintenance and repair, road bus service and fast-food. The first step was to identify the position of each of the processes in the volume and variety matrix. Then, the influence of each dimension on the applicability of lean tools was verified, disclosing positive influences, negative influences or even demonstrating those dimensions that did not have any influence on applicability. It was observed that there are characteristics that act as facilitators and other as barriers to the applicability of lean service. Although it is possible to isolate facilitators and barriers, it can also be concluded that the applicability of lean production in service operations depends on the existence of various process dimensions acting together. / Embora tenha seu início no setor de manufatura, a produção enxuta tem sido reconhecida em organizações de serviços como um modelo de gestão capaz de auxiliar os gestores a amenizar ou eliminar seus desperdícios, diminuindo os custos e aumentando a eficiência de uma organização. Há na literatura evidências empíricas da aplicação das ferramentas enxutas no setor de serviços, como em hotelaria, call centers, companhias de seguros, e principalmente em hospitais. Embora seja possível encontrar aplicações práticas, não se pode afirmar que todos os processos tenham o mesmo grau de aplicabilidade da produção enxuta. Assim, esta dissertação investigou a aplicabilidade da produção enxuta em diferentes tipos de processos de serviços, de forma a compreender as implicações das dimensões de volume e variedade para a implantação de um sistema enxuto. Para tanto, foi realizado inicialmente um levantamento bibliográfico para identificar o estado atual da pesquisa sobre a aplicação da produção enxuta nos processos de serviços. Na pesquisa de campo, foram selecionados seis processos de serviços distintos que foram o foco de análise dos estudos de caso: consultoria de tecnologia, consulta médica, atendimento para vendas de veículos novos e seminovos, manutenção de veículos, transporte rodoviário de passageiros e fast-food. O primeiro passo foi identificar o posicionamento de cada um dos processos na matriz de volume e variedade. A partir daí, foi feita a verificação das influências de cada dimensão na aplicabilidade das ferramentas enxutas e foram identificadas aquelas dimensões que apresentavam influências positivas, influências negativas ou mesmo aquelas dimensões que não apresentavam nenhuma influência na aplicabilidade. Observou-se que existem características que atuam como facilitadores e outras como barreiras na aplicabilidade da produção enxuta nos serviços. Embora seja possível isolar facilitadores e barreiras, pode-se concluir também que aplicabilidade da produção enxuta em serviços depende da existência de várias dimensões do processo atuando em conjunto.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-02-18T14:55:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 marisarezendesimao.pdf: 852029 bytes, checksum: cbe96d76d649c7b40653982c3f648dca (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-02-26T13:32:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 marisarezendesimao.pdf: 852029 bytes, checksum: cbe96d76d649c7b40653982c3f648dca (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-26T13:32:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 marisarezendesimao.pdf: 852029 bytes, checksum: cbe96d76d649c7b40653982c3f648dca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-22 / O objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi estudar como os alunos da última série do Ensino Médio têm compreensão sobre os Números Complexos antes e depois da formalização dos conceitos referentes ao assunto. Mais precisamente, propõe-se uma forma de conduzir algumas aulas de modo que os alunos tenham maior interesse pelo assunto e apresentam-se sugestões que venham ajudar nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem desse conteúdo. Com isso, buscou-se compreender como os alunos dão sentido aos Números Complexos antes da formalização dos conceitos referentes a esse assunto. Procurou-se, também, saber como os alunos se apropriam dos conceitos já formalizados relativos aos Números Complexos pesquisando e identificando motivações e desmotivações vivenciadas nesse processo. Fundamentou-se a pesquisa na apresentação de parte da história referente à consolidação do conjunto dos números complexos, na formalização de conceitos desse assunto, nas orientações curriculares nacionais e na temática de motivação. Cinquenta e três alunos da Escola Preparatória de Cadetes do Ar (EPCAR) compuseram o corpus desta pesquisa. Para dar subsídio à pesquisa, a estratégia de trabalho seguiu a seguinte rotina: um questionário foi aplicado logo no início do processo; na sequência, ocorreram as aulas teóricas com a formalização dos conceitos sempre reforçada com os aspectos históricos. Em seguida, houve uma apresentação voluntária feita pelos alunos acerca da aplicabilidade dos Números Complexos; após todo o conteúdo ter sido ministrado, uma prática interdisciplinar com a física promoveu a contextualização; e, para finalizar, os alunos responderam a um segundo questionário que permitiu identificar motivações e desmotivações vivenciadas nesse processo. Durante a pesquisa, contou-se com as observações anotadas em diário de campo. Para a análise dos dados, foram consideradas as respostas aos questionários. Algumas dessas deram-se por meio de gráficos que relativizaram as respostas dos alunos, outras, foram agrupadas por similaridade. A sequência das falas dos alunos relativas às suas apresentações foi elencada. Concluiu-se que como benefício houve uma mudança na maneira de pensar daqueles alunos, promovendo uma melhoria nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem. Essa prática resultante da motivação do professor que busca alternativas de ensino se aplica a qualquer disciplina. / The general objective of this research was to study how students of last grade of high school have understood the Complex Numbers before and after the formalization of the concepts related to the topic. More precisely, it proposes a way to conduct some classes so that students have greater interest in the topic and there are also some suggestions that may help the process of teaching and learning the content. Thus, we tried to identify how students understand the Complex Numbers before the formalization of the concepts related to this topic. It was also taken into consideration how the students learn the already formalized concepts of the Complex Numbers by researching and identifying motivations and discouragement experienced during this process. The research was based on the presentation of the history related to the consolidation of the set of complex numbers, the formalization of the concepts related to this subject in the national curriculum guidelines and in the thematic of motivation. The corpus of this research is composed by fifty-three students from Escola Preparatória de Cadetes do Ar (EPCAR) To give subsidy to the research, the following strategy of work was adopted: a questionnaire was applied early in the process; after, classes which formalized the concepts enhanced with the historical aspects occurred. Then, there was a voluntary presentation about the applicability of Complex Numbers performed by students; after all the content has been covered, an interdisciplinary practice with Physics promoted the contextualization, and, to sum up, the students answered a second questionnaire which allowed for identifying motivations and discouragement experienced in this process. During the research, we were helped by the observations written down in a field diary. For data analysis, responses to the questionnaires were considered. Some of those given through graphs that relativized students responses; others were grouped by similarity. The sequence of accounts of the students concerning their presentations was listed. It was concluded that such benefit was a change in the way of thinking of those students, promoting an improvement in the process of teaching and learning. This practice resulting from teacher motivation which seeks alternative teaching applies to any discipline.

Submitted by Cláudia Bueno (claudiamoura18@gmail.com) on 2016-06-02T19:33:53Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Tânia Regina Rodrigues Franco - 2016.pdf: 2643450 bytes, checksum: c01355ce5ba1fb2524facde3704a3d8e (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-06-03T12:44:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Tânia Regina Rodrigues Franco - 2016.pdf: 2643450 bytes, checksum: c01355ce5ba1fb2524facde3704a3d8e (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-03T12:44:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Tânia Regina Rodrigues Franco - 2016.pdf: 2643450 bytes, checksum: c01355ce5ba1fb2524facde3704a3d8e (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-30 / This essay begins with a theoretical foundation about the positional system, divisibility, Euclidean division, maximum common divisor, prime numbers and modular congruence. Through the concepts discussed, we show some applications, for elementary school students. The main main points of the theory and bring notions of applicability of arithmetic in daily situations. We will work solving Diophantine linear equations; we will determine some criteria of divisibility; by the relationship of modular congruence and arithmetic of the rest; even with modular congruence we will propose activities with codes and other existing numbers in our country, ending solving problem on calendars. These applications will serve of tools and methodologies of contextualized form, the teachers, will motivate their students to understand a little more about the concept of Modular Arithmetic, easy, fast and simple way. / Esta dissertação, inicia-se com uma fundamentação teórica acerca do sistema posicional, divisibilidade, divisão euclidiana, máximo divisor comum, números primos e congruência modular. Através dos conceitos abordados, apresentaremos algumas aplicações, para alunos do ensino fundamental. O principal objetivo é apresentar os principais pontos da teoria e trazer noções da aplicabilidade da aritmética em situações cotidianas. Trabalharemos a resolução de Equações Diofantinas Lineares; determinaremos alguns critérios de divisibilidade, através da relação de congruência modular e aritmética dos restos; ainda com congruência modular proporemos atividades com códigos e outras numerações existentes em nosso país, nalizando com a resolução de problemas sobre calendários. Essas aplicações servirão de ferramentas e metodologias para que de forma contextualizada, o professor, motive seu aluno a entender um pouco mais sobre o conceito de Aritmética Modular, de maneira fácil, rápida e simples.