Univ., Diss.--Basel, 2006. / Die Vorlage enth. insgesamt 3 Werke.

Univ., Diss.--Uppsala, 2005. / Enth. 5 Beitr.

Business School, Diss.--Jönköping, 2007. / Die Vorlage enth. insgesamt 7 Werke.

Handelshøyskole, Diss.--Bergen, 2007. / Enth. 4 Beitr.

The aim of the present study is to cast new light on the nature of definiteness marking in Moroccan Arabic (MA). Previous work on the dialect group has described its definiteness system as similar to that of other Arabic varieties, where indefinite entities are unmarked and a "definite article" /l-/ modifies nouns to convey a definite meaning. Such descriptions, however, do not fully account for the behavior of MA nouns in spontaneous natural speech, as found in the small self-collected corpus that informs the study: on one hand, /l-/ can and regularly does co-occur with indefinite meanings; on the other, a number of nouns can exhibit definiteness even in the absence of /l-/. In response to these challenges, the study puts forth an alternate synchronic description the system, arguing that the historical definite article */l-/ has in fact lost its association with definiteness and has instead become lexicalized into an unmarked form of the noun that can appear in any number of semantic contexts. Relatedly, the study argues that the historically indefinite form *Ø has come under heavy syntactic constraints and can best be described as derived from the new unmarked form via a process of phonologically conditioned disfixation, represented {- /l/}. At the same time, MA has also apparently retained an older particle ši and developed an article waħəd, both of which can be used to express different types of indefinite meanings. To support the plausibility of this new description, the study turns to the linguistic history of definiteness in MA, describing how a combination of internal and external impetuses for change likely pushed the dialect toward article loss, a development upon which semantic reanalysis and syntactic restructuring of other forms then followed. If the claim that MA no longer overtly marks definiteness is indeed correct, the study could have a significant impact on work that used previous MA descriptions to make grammaticality judgments, as well as be of value to future work on processes of grammaticalization and language contact. / text

Title: Improving the Processes in a WarehouseBackground: For warehouses to perform as efficiently and effectively as possible, helping companies maintain a high service level and react to market changes, continuous improvement is necessary. This is achievable through amongst other methods, the analysis of operations to identify wasteful activities and eliminate them. Purpose: This paper, through a thorough description and understanding of the current outbound processes at Company N, seeks to identify any wasteful activity and what might be causing such wastes. Furthermore the paper shall seek to make recommendations for reducing or eliminating wastes identified. Research Questions: What wastes can be identified in Company N’s outbound processes and why do they occur? What recommendations should be made for reducing wastes at Company N? Method: This research is qualitative in nature carried out using a deductive approach. Primary data was gathered mainly through observation and semi-structured and unstructured interviews with the goal of gaining as deep an understanding of the processes as possible. Secondary data was also gotten from multiple sources within the company. Contemporary tools and techniques like Value Stream Mapping and Gemba (observation at the place of work) were useful in identifying wastes; meanwhile the 5 Why’s questioning technique was used for finding the causes of wastes identified. Benchmarking was also used as a means of sourcing ideas and proven standards of performance. Conclusion: The research identified five main wastes including waiting, travelling, unnecessary motion, defects and processing. The main causes of the wastes include the use of manual verification during processes, limited use of batch picking, the absence of lifting aid and dissatisfaction amongst workers. The report makes recommendations including change of handling equipment and operating procedures to accommodate automatic verification of locations and items, as well as better usage of batch picking. It is also recommended to swap the location of certain articles and introduce marketing analysis to reduce travelling. Finally, recommendations are made for counteracting worker dissatisfaction such as a proposed improvement report, an appraisal system, more cross training and internal personnel development.

Denna studie har som syfte till att undersöka två dagstidningars och tre resetidningars framställning av Dark Tourism samt ta reda på vilka skillnader och likheter framställningarna har. Målet är även att finna en djupgående uppfattning av Dark Tourism och de olika perspektiven och gemensamma dragen som finns i artiklarna. Det empiriska materialet består av 25 artiklar varav 15 stycken kommer från dagstidningar och 10 stycken kommer ifrån resetidningar. En kritisk diskursanalys har tillämpats som metod i denna studie och resultaten visar att två olika diskurser, varav den ena är melankolisk och den andra är sangvinisk, präglar tidningsgenrerna. Det framgår även att diskurserna som råder i tidningarna kan ha en stor påverkan på människors uppfattning av fenomenet Dark Tourism. / This study aims to examine two daily newspapers and three travel magazines’ production of Dark Tourism, and find out what differences and similarities the petitions have. The aim is also to find an in-depth understanding of Dark Tourism and the different perspectives and common features found in the articles. The empirical material consists of 25 articles, of which 15 were from daily newspapers and 10 come from travel magazines. A critical discourse analysis has been applied as a method in this study and the results show that two different discourses, one of which is melancholic and the other is sanguine, characterizes these journal genres. It is also clear that the discourses that prevail in the newspapers can have a big impact on people's perception of the phenomenon of Dark Tourism.   Keywords: Dark Tourism, Discourse, Newspaper Articles, Critical Discourse Analysis, Media

Disertacijoje tyrinėjama apibrėžtumo raiška dviejose tipologiniu požiūriu skirtingose kalbose — lietuvių kalboje, kuri yra neartikelinė ir turi mažai sugramatintą apibrėžtumo raišką, ir danų kalboje, turinčioje išplėtotą apibrėžtumo rodiklių sistemą. Disertacijos tikslas yra palyginti lietuvių kalbos apibrėžtumo rodiklius — apibrėžiamuosius būdvardžius ir gramatėjančius demonstratyvus (artroidus) — su artikelinių kalbų (danų, anglų ir kt.) apibrėžtumo rodikliais. Disertacijoje naudojamasi kontrastyvinės analizės metodu, Hjelmslevo komutacijos testu ir semantinio žemėlapio metodu. Šalia kontrastyvinės pasirinkta ir tipologinė perspektyva siekiant nustatyti universalius apibrėžtumo rodiklių vartosenos tipus, taip pat įvertinti lietuvių bei danų kalbų apibrėžtumo raišką tipologiniame kontekste. Sudaryti lietuvių kalbos apibrėžiamųjų būdvardžių ir danų kalbos apibrėžtumo rodiklių semantiniai žemėlapiai padeda išryškinti apibrėžtumo raiškos šiose kalbose panašumus bei skirtumus. Disertacijoje teigiama, kad įvardžiuotinės būdvardžio formos įvardinė morfema –jis, –ji lietuvių kalboje pagrįstai gali būti laikoma formaliu daiktavardinės frazės apibrėžtumo rodikliu, nes ši morfema visais atvejais žymi daiktavardinės frazės apibrėžtumą, kuris gali būti tiek individo referencijos, tiek tipo (taksonominės) referencijos lygmens. Besiformuojančiu apibrėžtumo rodikliu lietuvių kalboje gali būti laikomi gramatėjantys demonstratyvai (artroidai) tas, ta. / The dissertation investigates definiteness marking in two typologically diverse languages — Lithuanian which is an articleless language and has a partially grammaticalized marking of definiteness and Danish which has a fully developed system of definiteness markers. The aim of the thesis is to compare Lithuanian definiteness markers — definite adjectival forms and emergent articles — to definiteness markers of article languages (Danish, English, etc.). The following methods of analysis were applied in the dissertation: contrastive analysis, L. Hjelmslev’s commutation test and semantic map method. Besides the contrastive perspective, the dissertation also has a typological perspective with the aim of determining the universal usage types of definiteness markers and considering definiteness marking in Lithuanian and Danish in a typological context. The Semantic Map of Lithuanian Definite Adjectivals and the Semantic Map of Definiteness Markers in Danish, which were drawn in the thesis, help to highlight the similarities and differences of definiteness marking in Lithuanian and Danish. In the dissertation, it is argued that the pronominal morpheme –jis, –ji contained in the definite adjectival form can be regarded as a formal marker of definiteness in Lithuanian since in all cases this morpheme marks the definiteness of a noun phrase, whether it is definiteness on the level of individual reference or definiteness on the level of type (taxonomic) reference. The demonstrative tas... [to full text]

The dissertation investigates definiteness marking in two typologically diverse languages — Lithuanian which is an articleless language and has a partially grammaticalized marking of definiteness and Danish which has a fully developed system of definiteness markers. The aim of the thesis is to compare Lithuanian definiteness markers — definite adjectival forms and emergent articles — to definiteness markers of article languages (Danish, English, etc.). The following methods of analysis were applied in the dissertation: contrastive analysis, L. Hjelmslev’s commutation test and semantic map method. Besides the contrastive perspective, the dissertation also has a typological perspective with the aim of determining the universal usage types of definiteness markers and considering definiteness marking in Lithuanian and Danish in a typological context. The Semantic Map of Lithuanian Definite Adjectivals and the Semantic Map of Definiteness Markers in Danish, which were drawn in the thesis, help to highlight the similarities and differences of definiteness marking in Lithuanian and Danish. In the dissertation, it is argued that the pronominal morpheme –jis, –ji contained in the definite adjectival form can be regarded as a formal marker of definiteness in Lithuanian since in all cases this morpheme marks the definiteness of a noun phrase, whether it is definiteness on the level of individual reference or definiteness on the level of type (taxonomic) reference. The demonstrative tas... [to full text] / Disertacijoje tyrinėjama apibrėžtumo raiška dviejose tipologiniu požiūriu skirtingose kalbose — lietuvių kalboje, kuri yra neartikelinė ir turi mažai sugramatintą apibrėžtumo raišką, ir danų kalboje, turinčioje išplėtotą apibrėžtumo rodiklių sistemą. Disertacijos tikslas yra palyginti lietuvių kalbos apibrėžtumo rodiklius — apibrėžiamuosius būdvardžius ir gramatėjančius demonstratyvus (artroidus) — su artikelinių kalbų (danų, anglų ir kt.) apibrėžtumo rodikliais. Disertacijoje naudojamasi kontrastyvinės analizės metodu, Hjelmslevo komutacijos testu ir semantinio žemėlapio metodu. Šalia kontrastyvinės pasirinkta ir tipologinė perspektyva siekiant nustatyti universalius apibrėžtumo rodiklių vartosenos tipus, taip pat įvertinti lietuvių bei danų kalbų apibrėžtumo raišką tipologiniame kontekste. Sudaryti lietuvių kalbos apibrėžiamųjų būdvardžių ir danų kalbos apibrėžtumo rodiklių semantiniai žemėlapiai padeda išryškinti apibrėžtumo raiškos šiose kalbose panašumus bei skirtumus. Disertacijoje teigiama, kad įvardžiuotinės būdvardžio formos įvardinė morfema –jis, –ji lietuvių kalboje pagrįstai gali būti laikoma formaliu daiktavardinės frazės apibrėžtumo rodikliu, nes ši morfema visais atvejais žymi daiktavardinės frazės apibrėžtumą, kuris gali būti tiek individo referencijos, tiek tipo (taksonominės) referencijos lygmens. Besiformuojančiu apibrėžtumo rodikliu lietuvių kalboje gali būti laikomi gramatėjantys demonstratyvai (artroidai) tas, ta.

Large data sets are difficult to visualize. For a human to find structures and understand the data, good visualization tools are required. In this project a technique will be developed that makes it possible for a user to look at complex data at different scales. This technique is obvious when viewing geographical data where zooming in and out gives a good feeling for the spatial relationships in map data or satellite images. However, for other types of data it is not obvious how much scaling should be done. In this project, an experimental application is developed that visualizes data in multiple dimensions from a large news article database. Using this experimental application, the user can select multiple keywords on different axis and then can create a visualization containing news articles with those keywords. The user is able to move around the visualization. If the camera is far away from the document icons then they are clustered using red coloured spheres. If the user moves the camera closer to the clusters they will pop up into single document icons. If the camera is very close to the document icons it is possible to read the news articles