Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:40:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1387991 bytes, checksum: 33a7798b3bc3b8665632269c90593b57 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The Linguistic Atlas of the Mata Sul de Pernambuco-Almaspe has as objective the description of the linguistic reality of the Portuguese language in Pernambuco s Mata Sul in the semantic-lexical aspect, showing the characteristics and linguistical differences in the region, offering not only to the teachers but also, lexicographs, grammar teachers and book authors, important data to the knowledge of the language, its production and teaching. To achieve its objectives an ample bibliographic research took place in different directions, what made it possible to show the most relevant contributions of old and today s dialectologists, without forgetting the political-cultural context of Brazil, in different times. The field research was based in the methodological-theoretical principles of the Geolingustics, with the delimitation of the corpus, network of points, historical profile of the cities researched, inquirers, informants, questionnaire, interviews, presentation of maps. The maps show the diatopic, diastric, diageracional and diagenerical variations, that make a pluridimentional Linguistic Atlas. In the final considerations synthetic recapitulations of the results, of the discussion and of the study were made. The linguistic Atlas of The Mata Sul de Pernambuco-Almaspe, is composed of one volume that comprehends the history of Pernambuco, in highlights the history of Mata Sul, the theoretical fundaments, the methodology, lexical letters, conclusion, references and annexes. / O Atlas Linguístico da Mata Sul de Pernambuco-Almaspe tem como objetivo a descrição da realidade linguística da língua portuguesa na Mata Sul Pernambucana no aspecto semântico-lexical, mostrando as características de diferenciações linguísticas na região, oferecendo não só aos professores, lexicógrafos, gramáticos e autores de livros didáticos, dados importantes para o conhecimento da língua, sua produção e seu ensino. Para sua confecção, foi realizada uma ampla pesquisa bibliográfica em diferentes direções, o que nos possibilitou mostrar as mais relevantes contribuições de dialetólogos antigos e atuais, sem esquecer o contexto político-cultural do Brasil, nas diferentes épocas. A pesquisa de campo baseou-se nos princípios teórico-metodológicos da Geolinguística, com a delimitação do corpus, rede de pontos, perfil histórico dos municípios investigados, inquiridores, informantes, questionário, entrevistas, apresentação das cartas. As cartas mostram as variações diatópicas, diastráticas, diacrônicas, diageracionais e diagenéricas, constituindo-se, assim, num Atlas Linguístico Pluridimensional. Nas considerações finais foram feitas as recapitulações sintéticas dos resultados e da discussão do estudo e pesquisa. O Atlas Linguístico da Mata Sul de Pernambuco-Almaspe, compõe-se de um volume compreendendo o histórico de Pernambuco, destacando o histórico da Mata Sul, a fundamentação teórica, a metodologia, as cartas léxicas, conclusão, referências e anexo.

Les résultats présentés dans ce manuscrit sont basés sur l’analyse des collisions proton-proton du Large Hadron Collider, à une énergie du centre de masse de 13 TeV, enregistrées par le détecteur ATLAS en 2015 et 2016.Le programme de recherche de l'expérience ATLAS comprend la mesure précise des paramètres du modèle standard et la recherche d’éventuels signaux de nouvelle physique au delà du modèle standard. Ces deux approches sont poursuivies dans cette thèse, qui comprend deux analyses différentes. Dans la première analyse, la masse du boson de Higgs a été mesurée dans le mode de désintégration en deux photons. La valeur mesurée de la masse est de 125,11 ± 0,42 GeV. La combinaison de ce résultat avec une mesure similaire dans le canal de désintégration du boson de Higgs en quatre leptons donne une masse de 124,98 ± 0,28 GeV.La seconde analyse recherche la production de particules supersymétriques (gluinos, squarks ou winos) dans un état final contenant deux photons et de l’énergie transverse manquante. Aucun excès significatif n'est observé par rapport au bruit de fond prévu par le modèle standard, et des limites inférieures sur les masses des gluinos, des squarks et des winos ont été établies dans le contexte d'un modèle généralisé de « gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking ».Enfin, des études de performance du détecteur ATLAS (étalonnage de l'énergie des électrons et des photons et mesure de la probabilité de mauvaise identification des photons comme électrons), qui sont des ingrédients clés pour les deux analyses présentées précédemment, ont été également réalisées et sont ici décrites. / The work presented in this manuscript is based on the proton-proton collision data from the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016.The research program of the ATLAS experiment includes the precise measurement of the parameters of the Standard Model (SM) and the search for signals of physics beyond the SM. Both these approaches are pursued in this thesis, which presents two different analyses. The first one is the measurement of the Higgs boson mass in the di-photon decay channel. The measured value of the mass is (125.11 ± 0.42) GeV. Its combination with a similar measurement in the four lepton Higgs boson decay final state is presented. The value of the Higgs boson mass obtained from the combined measurement is (124.98 ± 0.28) GeV. The second one is the search for production of supersymmetric particles (gluinos, squarks or winos) in a final state containing two photons and missing transverse momentum. No significant excess with respect to the SM background is observed and lower limits on the gluino, squark and wino masses are set in the context of a generalised model of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking with a bino-like next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle.Finally, ATLAS detector performance studies (electron and photon energy calibration and measurement of the photon->electron misidentification probability), which are key ingredients for the two analyses presented before, are also performed and described.

L'objectif principal de cette thèse est la modélisation, compréhension et segmentation automatique de tumeurs diffuses et infiltrantes appelées Gliomes Diffus de Bas Grade. Deux approches exploitant des connaissances a priori de l'ordre spatial et anatomique ont été proposées. Dans un premier temps, la construction d'un atlas probabiliste qui illustre les positions préférentielles des tumeurs dans le cerveau est présentée. Cet atlas représente un excellent outil pour l'étude des mécanismes associés à la genèse des tumeurs et fournit des indications sur la position probable des tumeurs. Cette information est exploitée dans une méthode de segmentation basée sur des champs de Markov aléatoires, dans laquelle l'atlas guide la segmentation et caractérise la position préférentielle de la tumeur. Dans un second temps, nous présentons une méthode pour la segmentation de tumeur et le recalage avec absence de correspondances simultanés. Le recalage introduit des informations anatomiques qui améliorent les résultats de segmentation tandis que la détection progressive de la tumeur permet de surmonter l'absence de correspondances sans l'introduction d'un a priori. La méthode est modélisée comme un champ de Markov aléatoire hiérarchique et à base de grille sur laquelle les paramètres de segmentation et recalage sont estimés simultanément. Notre dernière contribution est une méthode d'échantillonnage adaptatif guidé par les incertitudes pour de tels modèles discrets. Ceci permet d'avoir une grande précision tout en maintenant la robustesse et rapidité de la méthode. Le potentiel des deux méthodes est démontré sur de grandes bases de données de gliomes diffus de bas grade hétérogènes. De par leur modularité, les méthodes proposées ne se limitent pas au contexte clinique présenté et pourraient facilement être adaptées à d'autres problèmes cliniques ou de vision par ordinateur. / The main objective of this thesis is the automatic modeling, understanding and segmentation of diffusively infiltrative tumors known as Diffuse Low-Grade Gliomas. Two approaches exploiting anatomical and spatial prior knowledge have been proposed. We first present the construction of a tumor specific probabilistic atlas describing the tumors' preferential locations in the brain. The proposed atlas constitutes an excellent tool for the study of the mechanisms behind the genesis of the tumors and provides strong spatial cues on where they are expected to appear. The latter characteristic is exploited in a Markov Random Field based segmentation method where the atlas guides the segmentation process as well as characterizes the tumor's preferential location. Second, we introduce a concurrent tumor segmentation and registration with missing correspondences method. The anatomical knowledge introduced by the registration process increases the segmentation quality, while progressively acknowledging the presence of the tumor ensures that the registration is not violated by the missing correspondences without the introduction of a bias. The method is designed as a hierarchical grid-based Markov Random Field model where the segmentation and registration parameters are estimated simultaneously on the grid's control point. The last contribution of this thesis is an uncertainty-driven adaptive sampling approach for such grid-based models in order to ensure precision and accuracy while maintaining robustness and computational efficiency. The potentials of both methods have been demonstrated on a large data-set of heterogeneous Diffuse Low-Grade Gliomas. The proposed methods go beyond the scope of the presented clinical context due to their strong modularity and could easily be adapted to other clinical or computer vision problems.

Objetivo. Produzir um atlas das condições de vida e situação de saúde para a região da Subprefeitura da Capela do Socorro, que sintetize com agilidade o perfil epidemiológico dos grupos populacionais de residentes em uma região do município de São Paulo, em que residem mais de 600.000 pessoas Métodos. O atlas corresponde a um estudo descritivo baseado em dados secundários e do georreferenciamento dos óbitos entre 1996 e 2003 e internações no Sistema Único de Saúde – SUS, entre 2000 e 2003 e do acesso aos serviço de saúde relativos a população da região que permitem a distribuição espacial dos risco à saúde da população da região. Resultados. Os resultados correspondem a mapas e gráficos que organizados de forma sistemática cobrem aspectos demográficos, sócio-econômicos, mortalidade, morbidade e de acesso aos serviços de saúde. Conclusão. A espacialização das informações indicam diferenças acentuadas entre as áreas no interior da região condizentes com as variações de renda e ocupação da população da região. / Objective. To Produce an Atlas of the life conditions and health situation in Capela do Socorro sub municipalities, what resume the epidemic profile of an area of a municipal district in São Paulo, that congregates a resident population of more than 600.000 people. Methods. The atlas corresponds to an established descriptive study based on secondary data and the georeference of the deaths between 1996 and 2003 and internments in the “Sistema Ùnico de Saúde – SUS”, the public health system in the period between the years 2000 and 2003 and of the access to the health services in relation to the population of the region that allows the spatial distribution of the risk to the health of the population of the region. Results. The results correspond to the maps and graphs that organized in a systematic form cover aspects of demography, sotial-economy, mortality, morbity and the access to the health services. Conclusions. The spatial division of the information indicates accented differences between the areas inside the region suitable with the income variations and occupation of the resident population.

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No. of bitstreams: 5 Dissertação Vol. I, II - Josué Cordovil Medeiros.pdf: 38460270 bytes, checksum: e244b16d9fef8d696eea42cd97a59e11 (MD5) Carta de ecaminhamento - Josué Cordovil Medeiros.pdf: 111929 bytes, checksum: 6597dd6be7ffabb8926d33f719de85ed (MD5) Ata de defesa - Josué Cordovil Medeiros.pdf: 457170 bytes, checksum: 330ce3e82061d9f56ad866fe5456f358 (MD5) Ficha catalográfica vol. 1 - Josué Cordovil Medeiros.pdf: 1855 bytes, checksum: 5c237b6812922298ff279e434c956a20 (MD5) Ficha catalográfica vol. 2 - Josué Cordovil Medeiros.pdf: 1855 bytes, checksum: 5c8389148fbd2bc79c017f695b961b41 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-27 / The present study was carried out in the field of morphosyntax, developed from the criteria of Pluridimensional Dialectology with methodological support of Variationist Sociolinguistics. This research aimed to register the speaking manner of residents from four towns: Coari, Codajás, Manacapuru and Novo Airão, all within the microregion of Negro-Solimões river, in Amazonas state, Brazil. The instrument used for the data collection was the Morphosyntactic Questionnaire (QMS), containing 49 questions, extracted from the Linguistic Atlas of Brazil - ALiB. The informants’ speech was recorded with a RR – US310 digital voice recorder. The informants' profile was defined based on the criteria adopted by the Amazonas Language Atlas – ALAM (CRUZ, 2004), being three men and three women in each of the survey points, belonging to one of the three age groups: I (from 18 to 35 years old), II (from 36 to 55 years old) e III (from 56 and older). They were supposed to be illiterate or have only graduated from the elementary school, be born in the target towns of the survey, have not left their homelands for more than a third of their lives, and have spouses and parents also born in the investigation points. The morphosyntactic cards were elaborated with the use of a specific computer program for this purpose, called SGVCLin, authored by SEABRA, R. / ROMANO, V. / and OLIVERIA, N. Among the various results achieved, we verified the use of verbs in the imperfect preterite of the indicative in place of the future of the past tense, for instance, “Eu ajudava a casa do Senhor... e:: ... comprava uma casa pra minha filha...”, the answer from question 44 which asks the following question: “O que é que você / o (a) senhor (a) faria se ganhasse na loteria?”. This variation was recorded in the statements of almost all the informants in almost all the investigation points, the future of the past tense was registered only in the speech of an informant of the feminine gender, of the age group I, from Manacapuru town. We hope this study may contribute to enrich the knowledge about the Amazonian speakers, especially from the microregion researched. / Este trabalho trata de pesquisa realizada no campo da morfossintaxe, desenvolvida a partir dos critérios da Dialetologia Pluridimensional com respaldo metodológico da Sociolinguística Variacionista. Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa registrar o modo de falar dos moradores de quatro municípios: Coari, Codajás, Manacapuru e Novo Airão, todos pertencentes à microrregião do Rio Negro-Solimões, no estado do Amazonas. O instrumento utilizado para a recolha de dados foi o Questionário morfossintático (QMS), contendo 49 perguntas, extraído do Atlas Linguístico do Brasil – ALiB. A gravação da fala dos informantes foi realizada com a utilização de um gravador de voz digital da marca Panasonic RR – US310. O perfil dos informantes foi definido a partir dos critérios adotados pelo Atlas Linguístico do Amazonas – ALAM (CRUZ, 2004), sendo três homens e três mulheres em cada ponto de inquérito, pertencentes a uma das três faixas etárias: I (de 18 a 35 anos), II (de 36 a 55 anos) e III (de 56 anos em diante), deveriam ser analfabetos ou que tivessem cursado no máximo até o 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental I, apresentar boas condições fonatórias, ser nascidos nos municípios alvos da pesquisa, não ter se afastado de sua terra natal por mais de um terço de suas vidas e ter cônjuges e pais também nascidos nos pontos de inquérito. As cartas morfossintáticas foram elaboradas com a utilização de um programa de computação específico para esse fim, denominado de SGVCLin, de autoria de SEABRA, R. / ROMANO, V. / e OLIVERIA, N. Dentre os vários resultados alcançados, verifica-se o uso dos verbos no pretérito imperfeito do indicativo no lugar do futuro do pretérito como, por exemplo, “Eu ajudava a casa do Senhor... e:: ... comprava uma casa pra minha filha...”, resposta obtida a partir da pergunta 44 que faz a seguinte indagação: “O que é que você / o (a) senhor (a) faria se ganhasse na loteria?”. Essa variação foi registrada nas falas de quase todos os informantes em quase todos os pontos de inquérito, o futuro do pretérito foi registrado apenas na fala de um informante do gênero feminino, da faixa etária I, do município de Manacapuru. Espera-se que este trabalho possa contribuir para ampliar o conhecimento acerca do modo de falar dos amazonenses, mais especificamente dos moradores da microrregião ora pesquisada.

Com o objetivo de propor uma metodologia de atlas eletrônico para o patrimônio arquitetônico da Lapa (PR), baseada em uma reflexão teórico-metodológica sobre como a Geografia, especificamente a Geografia Humana, associada à Cartografia e às Geotecnologias, pode promover a compreensão do turismo e gestão do patrimônio cultural, elaborou-se a presente pesquisa, apresentada como tese de doutoramento em Geografia Humana, ao Programa de Pós Graduação em Geografia, da Universidade de São Paulo. A partir de estudos e levantamentos realizados, percebeu-se que existem poucas discussões acerca de teorias sobre turismo e patrimônio cultural na perspectiva geográfica, além de raras abordagens a respeito de atlas produzidos para a seara patrimonial. A percepção da presença de um patrimônio arquitetônico na cidade da Lapa, de origens setecentistas, que se configura como o maior sítio histórico urbano tombado do Paraná e que carece de uma projeção turística regional e nacional, foi determinante para o estabelecimento do corpus da pesquisa. Aliada a essa necessidade, acrescente-se, ainda, a constatação da quase inexistência de materiais geográficos e cartográficos referentes ao sítio histórico. Compreende-se que o entendimento do patrimônio cultural local passa necessariamente pelo conhecimento da teoria geográfica e que o protótipo de um atlas eletrônico torna-se imprescindível para a representação dos estilos arquitetônicos e para a sua ampla divulgação. A elaboração de um protótipo de atlas eletrônico para o sítio histórico urbano da Lapa é uma opção para entender a construção e a dinâmica desse espaço geográfico e histórico. O uso das Geotecnologias para tratamento dos dados comprovou sua aplicabilidade para a elaboração dos atlas atuais, que requerem o uso de mapas temáticos digitais, armazenamento e disponibilização de grande número de imagens, hipertextos, sons e vídeos. Ao contexto da sociedade atual, que utiliza os mais variados recursos informacionais, apresenta-se uma nova Cartografia do Turismo, que utiliza a forma eletrônica de um atlas para o conhecimento do patrimônio cultural, adaptada à realidade dos turistas que buscam conhecer e explorar locais turísticos de expressão. O Turismo passou a ser não apenas a busca pelo lazer, mas uma atividade social que exige materiais para consultas e, por consequência, uma adaptação às tecnologias, com abordagens a atlas eletrônicos. Assim, a Cartografia do Turismo serve como suporte de informações sobre dados geográficos, culturais e sociais, onde o turista pode consultar previamente o local a ser visitado, com o diferencial de se utilizar de um atlas eletrônico. O resultado da pesquisa foi a elaboração dos mapas referentes ao Sítio Histórico Urbano da Lapa, que contém temas sobre o patrimônio cultural material, a tipologia de turismo, os roteiros gastronômico, religioso, de serviços e, principalmente, turístico. Constam neste trabalho fotografias antigas e atuais, plantas e vídeos dos casarões principais, vídeos gerais do sítio histórico e um mapa do relevo em cores hipsométricas. Dessa forma, buscou-se apresentar uma nova metodologia para a elaboração de atlas de áreas tombadas, que, certamente, irá colaborar com os estudos geográficos, patrimoniais e turísticos, principalmente por seu caráter de vanguarda, e poderá ser adotada em demais cidades que se assemelham ao caso da Lapa. / With the objective to \"propose a methodology of electronic atlas to the architectural heritage of Lapa (PR), based on a methodological theoretical reflection on how Geography, specifically Human Geography associated with Cartography and Geotechnologies, it can promote the understanding of tourism and cultural heritage management\" the present study was elaborated, presented as a doctoral thesis in Human Geography at the Graduate Program in Geography of the University of São Paulo. From studies and surveys made, it was noticed that there are few discussions about of theories of tourism and cultural heritage in the geographical perspective, besides of rare approaches regarding atlas produced for equity harvest. The perception of the presence of an architectural heritage in the city of Lapa, the seventeenth-century origins, which constitutes the largest urban historic site tumbled of Paraná and needs of a regional and national tourist projection, it was determinant instrumental in the establishment of the research corpus. Allied to this need, add yourself also the finding of virtually no geographic and cartographic materials related to the historic site. It is understood that the understanding of local cultural heritage necessarily involves knowledge of geographical theory and the prototype of an electronic atlas becomes essential for the representation of architectural styles and for its wide dissemination. The development of a prototype electronic atlas for urban historic site of Lapa is an option to understand the construction and dynamics of geographical and historical space. The use of Geotechnology for processing the data proved its applicability for the development of current atlas, which require the use of digital thematic maps, storage and delivery of large numbers of images, hypertext, sounds and videos. The context of contemporary society, which uses the most varied information resources, we present a new cartography of Tourism, which uses the electronic form of an atlas for knowledge of cultural heritage, adapted to the reality of tourists who seek to know and explore sights expression. Tourism has become not only the pursuit of leisure, but a social activity that requires materials for queries and, consequently, an adaptation technologies with approaches to electronic atlas. Thus, the mapping of Tourism serves as support information on geographical, cultural and social data, where tourists can consult the site to be visited, with the difference of using an electronic atlas. The result of the research was the preparation of maps of the Urban Historic Site of Lapa, which contains topics on cultural heritage material, the typology of tourism, gastronomic tours, religious, service, and especially tourism. Photographs contained in this past and current work, plans and videos of the main houses, general videos of the historic site and a map of the relief in hypsometric colors. Thus, we attempted to present a new methodology for preparing atlas felled areas, that certainly will collaborate with the geographical, heritage and tourism studies, mainly for its avant-garde character, and may be adopted in other cities that similar to the case of Lapa.

No período correspondente à última década do século XX até o momento atual, observa-se que a Educação Básica no Brasil e, mais especificamente, o Ensino Fundamental, experimentou alguns avanços, em virtude de ações governamentais, visando a melhoria da qualidade da Educação nos seus diferentes níveis. No entanto, apesar destes avanços, as políticas educacionais no Brasil ainda se caracterizam pela descontinuidade e centralização. Dentro do cenário nacional, também é objeto de preocupação a qualidade da formação dos professores, bem como a sua preparação para ensinar o conteúdo previsto no currículo e, não menos importante, a verificação da aprendizagem dos alunos formados. Neste contexto, os Atlas Escolares surgem como recursos didáticos de apoio, que aliados às práticas de alfabetização cartográfica e aos exercícios em sala, permitem viabilizar o ensino/aprendizagem do conteúdo previsto de Geografia para cada ano do Ensino Fundamental. Ao propor uma metodologia para a elaboração de Atlas Escolares para o conhecimento do local, esta Tese retoma a questão de se produzir recursos didáticos e sugerir práticas de ensino que sejam adequadas tanto para professor quanto para o aluno. Portanto, são objetivos deste trabalho: propor uma metodologia para a elaboração de Atlas Escolares para o conhecimento do local; aplicar a metodologia proposta, mediante a implementação de um protótipo de Atlas Escolar para o município de Sorocaba-SP; avaliar a adequação do Protótipo em sala de aula. / During the last decade of the 20th century until the present day, one can notice that the Basic Education in Brazil and, more specifically, the Elementary School, has experienced some advances, due to government actions, seeking the improvement of the quality of Education among its different levels. However, despite of the advances, educational politics in Brazil are still characterized by the discontinuity and centralization. Inside this national scenario, the quality of the teachers formation is still a major concern, as well as their preparation to teach the curriculum contents and, not less important, the student learning verification. In this context, School Atlases arise as didactic support resources, that allied to cartographic initiation practices and classroom exercises, allow the teaching/learning achievement of the Geography contents for each grade in the Elementary School. By proposing a methodology to produce School Atlases for the local knowledge, this Doctoral Dissertation focuses on the issue of producing didactic resources and suggests teaching practices that are adequate not only for the teacher but also for the students. Therefore, these are the goals of this work: to propose a methodology for producing School Atlases for the local knowledge; to apply the proposed methodology through the implementation of a prototype of School Atlases for the city of Sorocaba (SP); to evaluate the adequacy of the prototype in the classroom environment.

This diploma thesis deals with malacological research of selected forest localities in the natural park Džbán (Central Bohemia). The goal of this work is to molluscan explore composition in target area and compare results with the research of Dr. Vojen Ložek from years 1947-2010. His collections, which are deposited in the Repository of the National Museum in Prague - Horní Počernice, were processed in detail for this purpose. Obtained results enabled evaluation of changes in researched localities and the impact of such changes on composition of malacocenoses over the years. Standard malacological research was performed in selected localities of Džbán area. At 20 forest stations, we applied the method of soil samples, at 1 wetland locality we applied a method of wet washout. Collected material was further processed, determined and assessed. Altogether, 65 species of mollusc were found in selected area. Place called Cikánský dolík was chosen for the didactic part of this diploma thesis, which means a proposal for field trip of natural science. Such provided instruction is suitable for pupils from the 2nd level of basic schools. After adjustment, it can be used for younger pupils or older students. A guide containing 25 species of terrestrial snails of Džbán area was created as an aid. This guide...

En 2012, une nouvelle particule a ete decouverte au Grand Collisionneur de Hadrons (LHC) qui est susceptible d'etre identifie comme le boson de Brout-Englert-Higgs prevu par le Modele Standard (SM) de la physique des particules. Pour determiner si cette particule est bien celle prevue par le SM, les mesures de ses proprietes sont necessaires. Une des proprietes les plus importantes a mesurer est le couplage avec le quark top. Un test direct de ce parametre est la mesure de la section efficace de production du boson de Higgs en association avec une paire de quarks top anti-top (ttH). Dans cette these de doctorat la recherche du processus ttH (H ->bb) est presentee dans la topologie ou les deux quarks top se desintegrent hadroniquement. L'analyse dans ce canal de desintegration utilise 20,3 fb^-1 a √s = 8 TeV, recueillies avec le detecteur ATLAS au cours du Run 1 du LHC. La recherche utilise des evenements avec au moins cinq jets energiques et utilise la technique du ``boosted decision tree'' pour discriminer les evenement du signal de ceux provenant du dominant fond multijet qui est estime a partir des donnees grace a une nouvelle technique. En plus, pour cette analyse, de nouvelles techniques ont ete developpees pour l'estimation de l'efficacite du trigger utilis'e et des facteurs d'echelle. Pour une masse du boson de Higgs de 125 GeV, une limite superieure a 95% CL de 6.5 (resp. 5.4) fois la section efficace du SM est observee (resp. attendue). Une intensite du signal ttH, μ = 1.6 ± 2.6 fois la valeur du SM est obtenue. L'analyse du canal ttH (H→ bb) completement hadronique presentee dans cette these de doctorat est la premiere effectuee dans ce canal au LHC. / In 2012 a new particle was discovered at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) by the ATLAS and CMS experiments, that is likely to be the Brout-Englert-Higgs boson predicted by the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. To asses if this newly discovered particle is indeed the one predicted by the SM, the measurement of its properties is necessary. One of the most important properties to be measured is its coupling to the top quark. A precise measurement of this parameter can give hints on the energy scale where physics beyond the SM can manifest itself. A direct test of this parameter is the measurement of the Higgs boson production cross section in association with a pair of top anti-top quarks (ttH). In this doctoral thesis the search of the ttH (H → bb) process is presented in the topology where the two top quarks are decaying hadronically. The fully hadronic analysis uses 20.3 fb^-1 at √s = 8 TeV, collected with the ATLAS detector during Run 1 of the LHC. The search uses events with at least five energetic jets and uses a boosted decision tree to discriminate the signal from the overwhelming multijet background which is estimated using a new data driven technique. Moreover, for this analysis, new techniques have been developed for the estimation of trigger efficiencies and scale factors. For a Higgs Boson mass of 125 GeV, a 95% CL upper limit of 6.5 (resp. 5.4) times the SM cross section is observed (resp. expected). A ttH signal strength μ = 1.6 ± 2.6 times the SM value is obtained. The fully hadronic ttH (H → bb) analysis presented in this doctoral thesis is the first one performed in this channel at the LHC.

Cette thèse décrit une mesure de la masse du boson W avec le détecteur ATLAS. La mesure exploite les données enregistrées par ATLAS en 2011, a une énergie dans le centre de masse de 7 TeV et correspondant à une luminosité intégrée de 4.6 inverse femtobarn. Les mesures sont faites par ajustement aux données de distributions en énergie transverse des leptons charges et en masse transverse du boson W obtenues par simulation, dans les canaux électron et muon, et dans plusieurs catégories cinématiques. Les différentes mesures sont en bon accord et leur combinaison donne une valeur de m_W = 80371.1 ± 18.6 MeV. La valeur mesurée est compatible avec la moyenne mondiale des mesures existantes, m_W = 80385 ± 15 MeV, et l'incertitude obtenue est compétitive avec les mesures les plus précises réalisées par les collaborations CDF et D0. / This thesis describes a measurement of the W boson mass with the ATLAS detector based on the data-set recorded by ATLAS in 2011 at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, and corresponding to 4.6 inverse femtobarn of integrated luminosity. Measurements are performed through template fits to the transverse momentum distributions of charged leptons and to transverse mass distributions of the W boson, in electron and muon decay modes in various kinematic categories. The individual measurements are found to be consistent and their combination leads to a value of m_W = 80371.1 ± 18.6 MeV. The measured value of the W boson mass is compatible with the current world average of m_W = 80385 ± 15 MeV. The uncertainty is competitive with the current most precise measurements performed by the CDF and D0 collaborations.