Syftet med denna studie är delvis att bidra till den rådande forskningsluckan beträffande hur muslimer framställs och representeras, efter ett terrorattentat, av svenskspråkiga användare på Twitter. Studien avser också att konkretisera rollen som användarna besitter på Twitter som gatekeepers och studera mönstren i det genererade innehållet som skapas inom användarens personal public. Detta utgör en grund för att visa hur användare befäster en stigmatiserad bild av muslimer, men också visar solidaritet.  Studien har med utgångspunkt i en kvantitativ innehållsanalys undersökt hur muslimer framställs av svenska twitteranvändare under veckan som följer efter attentatet mot Charlie Hebdo, samt en månad innan attentatet för att se eventuella skillnader i framställningen. Totalt har 588 analysenheter i form av tweets inkluderats i studien, varav 60 stycken under nedslagsveckan en månad innan attentatet och 528 stycken under veckan som följde attentatet. Analysen utgår ifrån teorierna Audience Gatekeeping, Stigmatisering, Personal Publics samt begreppen Solidaritet och ”Den Andre”. Resultatet visade att muslimer i regel framställs som en grupp och sällan skildras som individer. 43 procent av användarna framställde muslimer på ett stigmatiserande sätt men 35 procent uttryckte också solidaritet efter terrorattentatet. Den svenska twitteranvändaren i studien är oftast en privatperson med omkring 500 följare som får begränsat med uppmärksamhet gentemot dem få elitaktörerna på Twitter, så som journalister. Tweetsens innehåll bestod till en tredjedel av länkar, företrädesvis nyhetsmedier, vilket teoretiskt gör en lika stor del av användarna till gatekeepers.

The purpose of this study was to discover what relationship, if any, exists between the actor's perception of audience feedback concerning his portrayal of a character in a drama and the audience's perception of that particular character.

This paper looks at the history of WBAP while examining how programming has changed from 1922-2014 and how WBAPs audience helped shape programming at the station. This paper reveals four formatting changes throughout the stations history and provides in-depth statistical analysis of how WBAPs audience changed during the stations 90 plus years of existence.

The diploma thesis concentrates on description of qualitative research of media audience. It is divided into three parts, in first of them introducing historical and teoretical background of the attitudes towards media audience and general methodology of quantitative research as well. Stages of the quantitative research project, description of variables and sampling and most widely used ways of field work compose the core of this part. Following section is focused on history of quantitative research of the media audience worldwide and particulary in Czech Republic (or former Czechoslovakia). In detail the most important up-to-date quantitative surveys in field of radio, television, print and internet are presented. The last part can be divided into two - first of them describes the limitations of the research itself by reason of current technical or economical conditions. Second one offers the view of potential future and challenges that might come to the quantitative research of the media audience.

The aim of this thesis is to identify potential routes of participation in environmentally sustainable changes of the Swedish meat production and consumption. Changes are needed as meat production and consumption have been linked to serious environmental problems, such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and land use change. Scientists, international organizations, and Swedish government authorities have identified individual consumer responsibility as key in making that change happen. The public is to be informed and educated to make more environmentally sustainable choices as meat consumers, and become more supportive of policy instruments. This strategy, which mirrors the dominant approach to solving environmental problems, is suggested by government authorities despite their suspicion that media should have made most Swedes aware of the environmental impacts of meat. In this thesis potential participatory routes are identified through the analysis of Swedish news media and audience framings of meat production and consumption. Media framing is studied as an important source of information, and perhaps motivation, crucial in the individualized consumer responsibility approach. The media framing is studied through content analysis of mainstream and alternative radical newspapers. The audiences’ framing of meat may be influenced by media, but also by their everyday experiences, beliefs, values, and opinions. Focus group discussions with reception elements are the methods used for studying how audiences frame meat and use media in the process. The concept of participation is broadened to include passive and active forms to capture in which roles individuals consider to contribute to changing meat production and consumption. It is not self-evident that routes to change must include individual participation, since responsibility may be attributed to other actors, both by media and their audiences. The results imply only participatory route supported by media and audience framing. It is the one that mirrors the individualized consumer responsibility approach to solving environmental problems. The major barrier to the route is the audiences’ perceived inability to act. In an alternative route supported by both media and audience framing, state centered actors are made responsible for enforcing change. Here, the major barrier is the perceived unlikeliness of powerful actors assuming responsibility. Audiences construct no citizen roles for themselves to participate in. Neither does media, who only address audiences as consumers. Based on these findings it is suggested that the outlook for the individualized responsibility approach to making meat production and consumption environmentally sustainable is gloomy. At least if it the approach is to continuously rely on the information and motivation offered by media.

Thesis advisor: Kendra Eshleman / This paper reads Josephus' 'Bellum Judaicum' within the Greco-Roman historiographic tradition and argues that this work must be read within this context. Josephus adheres to the conventions of this tradition and an examination of this shows that specific objections raised by scholars who consider Josephus unreliable are better explained as him following these conventions. Josephus chooses to write in this tradition because it allows him to address a tripartite audience of Jews, Romans, and the Greek-speaking east in order to instruct all sides on the best ways to manage affairs between Rome and her subject nations. It further concludes that Josephus should be considered a reliable historian. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2012. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: College Honors Program. / Discipline: Classics Honors Program. / Discipline: Classical Studies.

Os logos de televisão são uma das mais importantes estratégias criadas e registradas pelas emissoras de televisão para proteger o conteúdo produzido e distribuído por elas. Cada logo é único, gerando robustez e segurança ao processo de medição de audiência de televisão. Estes logos podem ser considerados uma marca d\'água, que em alguns casos identificam não só a emissora, mas também o tipo de conteúdo que está sendo veiculado. Por exemplo, alguns canais mudam o logo de semitransparente para opaco quando há uma transmissão ao vivo. No reconhecimento de logos em tempo real utilizando-se sistemas embarcados, torna-se necessário o uso de técnicas que reduzam o processamento e o armazenamento de dados. Neste trabalho estudamos os principais métodos envolvidos em reconhecimento de imagens encontrados na literatura. Verificamos o uso do logo em outras aplicações, e desenvolvemos uma solução viável, técnica e economicamente. Aplicamos a técnica proposta em dados previamente gravados, e também em situações em tempo real, onde não se tem o controle do tipo de vídeo ao qual será veiculado. Avaliamos o novo método proposto e sua melhoria ao longo do processo, demonstrando a sua viabilidade. Apresentamos resultados comparativos entre o primeiro paper publicado e os novos métodos. / Television logo is one of the most important strategies used by the broadcasting companies to claim and protect the contents created and broadcasted by them. Each logo is unique, yielding robustness and security to the measurement of television audience. These logos can be considered as visible watermarks, and in some cases can identify the kind of broadcasted content, besides identifying the broadcasting company. For instance, some broadcasting company changes the logo\'s type from semitransparent to opaque to identify a live broadcast. For real time logo recognition using embedded systems, it is necessary to reduce the amount of processing and the memory storage. In this work, we describe the methods involved in logo recognition found in the literature. We verify the use of logos in other applications, and developed a technically and economically viable solution to recognize television logos in real time.

This application is for the U.S. Department of Education’s Education Innovation and Research Program to secure funding for the development of an application for touchscreen devices that allows students to record real time instructional feedback to their instructors that is collected during, rather than at the conclusion of, a lesson. Student feedback to teachers can be a valuable tool to help improve instruction. This feedback, shared with teachers, would help identify areas for instructional shifts to better meet the needs of students. Embedded in this proposal are the following research questions: What sort of feedback options (format, timing, quantity) do high school students and teachers find most useful in a touch-screen app? To what degree can a touchscreen app provide technically adequate measures of instruction? What are teachers’ perceptions of this feedback?

Este trabalho investiga a atuação do repórter de TV, profissional que, apesar de ser o principal narrador das histórias retratadas na televisão, se encontra à margem das pesquisas em telejornalismo. O objetivo foi mapear um estilo do repórter sob uma perspectiva histórica, buscando identificar diferenças e permanências nos elementos visuais da passagem, termo que no jargão jornalístico se refere ao momento em que o repórter aparece na reportagem. Como referencial teórico, utiliza-se o conceito de habitus de Bourdieu (2011), estudos de performance e dramaturgia de Goffman (1985), Coutinho (2012) e Gutmann (2012), entre outros autores, como Vizeu (2005), Benjamin (1996), Abreu e Lima (2010) e Mota (2001). Foram analisadas 72 reportagens das primeiras décadas do telejornalismo brasileiro e 73 reportagens contemporâneas, totalizando 145 passagens. Os resultados apontam um aumento no uso de movimentos de câmera, assim como o repórter também está se movimentando mais durante a passagem. O enquadramento mais utilizado é o plano americano, mas o plano geral, em que o repórter aparece de corpo inteiro, se tornou mais usual. O tempo médio da passagem aumentou, a formalidade do figurino está sendo deixada de lado e o grafismo surge como elemento visual auxiliar do repórter. O trabalho ainda reafirma a importância do papel do repórter de TV, figura que conduz a narrativa, confere credibilidade ao relato e estabelece um elo com a audiência. / This paper investigates the performance of the TV reporter, a professional that, despite being the main narrator of the stories on television, is excluded of researches in television journalism. The goal was to map a reporter style from a historical perspective in order to identify differences and continuities in the visual elements of the piece to camera, a term that in the journalistic jargon refers to the moment the reporter appears on TV. As a theoretical framework, we use the concept of habitus of Bourdieu (2011), performance and dramaturgy studies of Goffman (1985), Coutinho (2012) and Gutmann (2012), among others, as Vizeu (2005), Benjamin (1996), Abreu e Lima (2010) and Mota (2001). For this study, we analyzed 73 reports from the first decades of Brazilian television and 72 current reports, totalizing 145 pieces to camera. The results show an increase in the use of camera movements, and the reporter is also moving more during the piece to camera. The most widely used framework is the medium shot, but the wide shot, in which the reporter appears full body, became more common. The average time the reporter is displayed on the vídeo increased, the formality of clothing is being left aside and the graphics appears as a visual element helping the reporter. The study also reaffirms the importance of the TV reporter, that leads the narrative, gives credibility to the report and establishes a link with the audience.

The purpose of this thesis, “Local news - a fumbling in darkness after an audience that leavesquietly”, is to investigate how the local news media in Västerbotten decides what to reportabout, and what to leave out and why. It also investigates what the audience think about thenews they are being served. It looks at the relationship between the audience and the localnews media. Four different local media companies are being examined, two of them arepublic service media, the Swedish Television and the Swedish Radio. The other two arenewspapers and private owned media companies, Västerbottens-kuriren and VästerbottensFolkblad. The theories that are being used in this thesis is gatekeeping, agenda setting, localjournalism, click journalism, journalists ideal and audience studies such as uses andgratification. The methods that are used are a quantitative survey and semi-structuredinterviews. The survey is directed to audience to get a sense of what news they want and howthey look at their relationship with local news media companies. The purpose of theinterviews is to get a view of how the media companies are producing news, and how theyexperience their relationship with their audience. The study has shown that the audiencedoesn't always know what they want the news media to report about. One overall themethough was that the audience wished for more local news. The media companies have theambition to produce local news and cover the whole county but fails due to the lack ofresources. The media needs a more active audience to increase the support both in trust, butalso for their economy. Here both the media companies and the audience has a responsibilityin the question.