What ought to be criminalized? There are many different answers to this question and the justifications vary widely. There are some things that most people seem to be able to agree onbut the opposite is very much true of other behaviors, examples that spring to mind are drugs, prostitution and gambling. The subject matter of this analysis falls square in the latter category. Bad samaritan laws prohibit individuals from refraining to rescue others in peril aslong as the risk to their own safety is minimal. Many countries in the world have passed such laws and yet they remain fiercely contested. At a glance this might seem odd: isn’t it a moral imperative to come to the aid of others who need our help, especially when there is little at stake for ourselves? Few actually contest this principle but there is a big leap from immorality to criminalization. Certain bad behaviors should be of no concern to the state but there are difficulties in deciding what kinds of immoral behavior should be subject to criminalization. This analysis is an attempt to determine whether bad samaritanism is the kind of wrong that merits state punishment. An ideational critique where a variety of arguments from the literature are surveyed, these arguments are then tested against the normative criteria of two theories of punishment: consequentialism and retributivism. Although there is some merit to bad samaritan laws, the author concludes that both traditions should reject them.

Despite increasing expectations of transparency, academic fraud does exist. We will examine some of the most blatant examples as well as some of the most effective measures to combat it.

AquaPark är en badanläggning i Szolnok, Ungern, belägen i en vacker park med närmare 500 träd. Parken, bassängerna och byggnaderna rymmer aktiviteter får såväl unga som gamla, sommar som vinter. Hit kan man komma för att tävla i vattenrelaterade idrotter, träna, leka, koppla av och få olika behandlingar. AquaPark erbjuder stadens invånare en plats där de kan träffas, träna, slappna av efter en dag på jobbet, värma kroppen i de varma bassängerna och ta vara på de positiva hälsoeffekterna av termalvattnet som kommer från de varma källorna på tomten.   Att anpassa byggnaderna till parkmiljön och ta hänsyn till den värdefulla vegetationen har varit den centrala frågan i projektet. Hur utformas ett badhus i ett vackert parkområde? Vad kan parkområdet ge badhusets besökare för upplevelser och hur kan utformningen av byggnaderna förstärka dem? Dessa frågor har drivit projektet framåt och påverkat både programfördelningen och utformningen av byggnaderna. / AquaPark is a bath in Szolnok, Hungary, situated in a beautiful park area with nearly 500 trees. The park, the pools and the buildings can accommodate activities for both young and old, during summer and winter. People can come here to compete in water sports, exercise and play, relax and get different treatments. AquaPark offers city residents a place where they can meet, exercise and relax after a day at work, warm their bodies in the hot pools and take advantage of the health benefits of the thermal water coming from the hot springs found on the property. Adapting the buildings to the park environment and taking into account the valuable vegetation has been the central issue in the project. How should a bathhouse in a beautiful park area be designed? What kind of experiences can the park area give the visitors of the bath and how can the design of the buildings enhance it? These questions have driven the project forward and affected both the program distribution and the design of the buildings.

Projektet Bastu och bad på Värmdö är beläget i Stockholms skärgård. Den speciella platsen på kanten av ett berg är överväldigande och inspirerande men ställer även krav på en varsam placering för att spara berget och den sköra växtligheten. Badet är balanserat nära bergskanten för att ge känslan av att simma i det intilliggande havet med blicken vilande mot  horisonten. Badet är långt nog för en kort simtur, det mindre huset har endast rum för vila och plats för enkla måltider samt en bastu. Huset är enkelt utformat och har en låg profil med tak och fasader av grånat trä.   Projektet Bostäder i Blackeberg visar fyra punkthus, grupperade två och två med en gemensam gårdsyta och kontakt och utblickar till den intilliggande skogen. Husen har varierad form med en högre del i nio våningar och en lägre med sex våningar. Det är  fem lägenheter per våningsplan med tre etagelägenheter högst upp. De 136 lägenheterna med storlek 2-4 r o k är ljusa med genomblickar och vardagsrum med fönster över hörn. / The project Sauna and pool on Värmdö is located in the archipelago of Stockholm. This unique setting on the fringe of a mountain is overwhelming and awe-inspiring, but demands careful placement to conserve the mountain and its vegetation. The pool is balanced on the edge of the mountain to give the feeling of swimming in the adjacent sea with the view resting on the horizon. The pool is long enough for swimming; the small house has room for resting, a place for simple meals and a sauna. The house has a modest and refined design, featuring a low profile, with the roof and façades in weathered timber.   The project Housing in Blackeberg presents four high rise apartment buildings, grouped in pairs, with a common courtyard connected by uninterrupted views to the nearby forest. The buildings each have varied shapes with higher sections reaching nine floors and lower sections resting at six. There are five apartments on each level with three maisonette apartments located on the highest level. Each of the 136 apartments consists of 1-3 bedrooms with a kitchen and a living room with a corner window. The living spaces are light with unbroken views throughout.

Universities have increasingly sought to provide accommodative services to students with learning disorders and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in recent decades thereby creating a need for diagnostic batteries designed to evaluate cognitive abilities relevant to academic performance. Given that accommodative services (extended time on tests, alternate test forms, etc.) provide incentive to distort impairment steps should be taken to estimate the rate at which students distort impairment and to evaluate the accuracy with which symptom distortion is identified. In order to address these concerns, the Word-Memory Test, Test of Memory Malingering, and Fake Bad Scale (of the MMPI-2) were compared in terms of their clinical utility in a university sample within a two-part study. In the first portion of the study, an analogue design (which included a control group (n = 29) and an experimental group (n = 30) that was asked to simulate an academic disability) was used to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of each measure. In the second portion of this study, scores were collected for 121 consecutively presenting students who were evaluated for academic difficulty at a large private university. Failure rates on measures of malingering placed the base rate of malingering within this population between 10 and 25 percent. The Word-Memory Test (WMT) demonstrated the most robust sensitivity and specificity. The modest sensitivity of the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) can be partially explained by the ease with which the measure is completed by university students as well as the format of its presentation. Although the scores on Fake Bad Scale (FBS) are modestly correlated with group membership (between controls and simulators), its use should be discouraged in this context due to poor sensitivity and to high rates of false positives.

Effective physician-patient communication is primary to successful medical consultation and encourages a collaborative interactional process between patient and doctor. Collaborative communication, rather than one-way authoritarian, physician-led medical interview, is significant in navigating difficult circumstances such as delivering "bad news" to patients diagnosed with cancer. Additionally, the potential psychological effects of breaking bad news in an abrupt and insensitive manner can be devastating and long-lasting for both the patient and his or her family. The topic of delivering unfavorable news to patients is an issue that many medical professionals find to be challenging and is now getting the attention of medical professionals in many countries, including the former Soviet Union (FSU) republics. The limited literature on communication skills in oncology in the FSU republics supports that the physician-patient communication style is perceived as significantly physician-oriented rather than patient-oriented. More specifically, the Soviet medical education system, as well as post-graduate medical education, has placed little to no emphasis on physician-patient communication training. Physician-oriented communication leads to patients being less forthcoming and open regarding their own feelings about being diagnosed with cancer, which may exacerbate the overall communication problem. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the training program "Delivering Unfavorable News to Patients Diagnosed with Cancer" (Baile et al., 2000) conducted in Uzbekistan, one of the FSU republics. A total of 50 oncologists from the National Oncology Center of Uzbekistan (N = 50, n = 25 , n = 25 ) completed Self-Efficacy, Interpersonal skills (FIRO-B), Empathy (JSPE), and Physician Belief (PBS), and demographic instruments before, immediately after, and then two weeks after the training intervention. Results of MANOVA and bivariate statistical analyses revealed significant differences in self-efficacy, empathy, and PBS scores within the experimental group, but not within the control group, from pre-test to post-test. The follow-up data analysis suggested that participants maintained the level of change that occurred immediately after the training intervention.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.