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"A questão financeira é uma questão política": militantes do PCBR em ações armadas na Bahia (década de 1980)Torres, Lucas Porto Marchesini January 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-11-05T17:40:49Z
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A questão financeira é uma questão política.pdf: 2793597 bytes, checksum: 9625a13d23ff664f292ba208abd53c4f (MD5) / CAPES / O trabalho investiga a atuação do Partido
Comunista Brasileiro Revolucionário
(PCBR) e a experiência de seus militantes
em ações armadas durante a década de
1980. Partindo, principalmente, de um
processo produzido contra um grupo de
militantes presos em Salvador, Bahia, após
uma tentativa de assalto a banco, estuda as
estratégias políticas planejadas pelo PCBR
durante o período da redemocratização
brasileira. Apresenta os conflitos sociais e
políticos decorrentes dessa tentativa de
assalto, nas esferas pública e privada.
Demonstra assim, que parte das esquerdas
brasileiras ainda se mantinha fiel a ideais
revolucionários armados, caraterísticos do
marxismo-leninismo, bem como
precisavam obter recursos para sua
existência política em ambiente cujos
espaços democráticos estavam reabertos.
The paper investigates the performance of
the Brazilian Communist Party
Revolutionary (PCBR, acronym in
Portuguese) and experience of its militants
in armed actions during the 1980s. Based
mainly on a process produced against a
group of militants arrested in Salvador,
Bahia, after an attempted bank robbery,
studying political strategies devised by
PCBR during the period of Brazilian
democratization. Presents the social and
political conflicts resulting from this
attempted robbery in the public and private
spheres. Thus shows that part of the
Brazilian left, she remains faithful to
revolutionary ideals armed, characteristic of
Marxism-Leninism, and obtain needed
resources for their political existence in an
environment whose democratic spaces were
reopened.
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“A questão financeira é uma questão política”: militantes do PCBR em ações armadas na Bahia (década de 1980).Torres, Lucas Porto Marchesini January 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Torres Lucas (lucaspmt@hotmail.com) on 2013-07-22T13:16:33Z
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“A questão financeira é uma questão política”_Lucas Porto Marchesini Torres.pdf: 2793589 bytes, checksum: 7780b8112297e458b717d1d7fe893f6b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Portela (anapoli@ufba.br) on 2013-11-18T17:32:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1
“A questão financeira é uma questão política”_Lucas Porto Marchesini Torres.pdf: 2793589 bytes, checksum: 7780b8112297e458b717d1d7fe893f6b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-11-18T17:32:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
“A questão financeira é uma questão política”_Lucas Porto Marchesini Torres.pdf: 2793589 bytes, checksum: 7780b8112297e458b717d1d7fe893f6b (MD5) / O trabalho investiga a atuação do Partido
Comunista Brasileiro Revolucionário
(PCBR) e a experiência de seus militantes
em ações armadas durante a década de
1980. Partindo, principalmente, de um
processo produzido contra um grupo de
militantes presos em Salvador, Bahia, após
uma tentativa de assalto a banco, estuda as
estratégias políticas planejadas pelo PCBR
durante o período da redemocratização
brasileira. Apresenta os conflitos sociais e
políticos decorrentes dessa tentativa de
assalto, nas esferas pública e privada.
Demonstra assim, que parte das esquerdas
brasileiras ainda se mantinha fiel a ideais
revolucionários armados, caraterísticos do
marxismo-leninismo, bem como
precisavam obter recursos para sua
existência política em ambiente cujos
espaços democráticos estavam reabertos. / Salvador
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Modus operandi van die bankrower : 'n kriminologiese introspeksieMaree, Alice 11 1900 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / In die ondersoek na die modus operandi van die bankrower: 'n
kriminologiese introspeksie, kan die ondergemelde drie dimensies
onderskei word: Die eerste dimensie is 'n kriminologiese introspeksie
wat die betekenis wat bankrowers self aan die uitvoer van bankrooftogte
heg, behels. Hierdie leefwereld van die subjekte word deur die navorser
"betree" en mede-verken. Doelgerigtheid, morele oorwegings, teesin in
geweld, charisma, kognitiewe vermoens en 'n materialistiese ingesteldheid
is begrippe wat die bankrower as mens belig.
Die tweede dimensie word verteenwoordig deur die begrondingsteorie as
navorsingsmetode, gebaseer op die werk van Strauss en Corbin {1990), wat
toegepas word ten einde sodanige navorsingsdoelstelling te fasiliteer.
Tydens die aanvanklike fase van die ondersoek is daar met 28 bankrowers
in aanhoud i ng, gefokusde semi -gest ruktureerde ind i epte-onderhoude gevoer.
Opvolgonderhoude is met ses van die 28 subjekte gevoer, met die doel om
'n substantiewe begrondingsteorie te ontplooi, verskille op te klaar en
die geldigheid van die data te verhoog.
Die derde dimensie reflekteer vervolgens die ontplooiing van 'n
substantiewe begrondingsteorie wat weerspieel word in proposisies en wat
in vier fases van die modus operandi van die bankrower onderskei word,
naamlik die beplanning-; uitvoering-; afhandeling-; en heroorwegingsfase.
Elk van die ge'identifiseerde fases word gekenmerk deur progressiewe
beweging, natuurlike kontinu'iteit, emosionele belewenisse en 'n
individualistiese inslag. Twee kernelemente, naamlik besluitneming en
rasionaliteit staan prominent binne die kader van die modus operandi van
die bankrower.
Die substantiewe begrondingsteorie is daarop ingestel om die verskynsel
wat bestudeer word, te verklaar. Seide die oorweging van die ondersoek
asook ander doelstellings van die navorser word binne die teorie
geakkommodeer. Verdere vergelykende studies kan daartoe bydra om die
substantiewe begrondingsteorie te verfyn, te falsifiseer, 6f by gebrek
daaraan, tot 'n formele teorie uit te bou.
Derhalwe word die begrondingsteorie as navorsingsmetode nie slegs as
toepaslik beskou vir toekomstige navorsing oor onderwerpe waaroor daar
'n gebrek aan empiriese bevindinge bestaan en waaroor relatief min kennis
in kriminologiese literatuur voorkom nie, maar hou dit ook die voordeel
van 'n pluriforme navorsingstudie in. / In the investigation into the modus operandi of the bank robber: a
criminological introspection, three dimensions can be distinguished. The
first dimension is a criminological introspection comprising the meaning
attached by bank rob.bers to the execution of bank robberies. This world
of the subjects is entered and co-scouted. Sense of purpose, mora 1
considerations, aversion to violence, charisma, cognitive powers and a
materialistic disposition are conceptions that elucidate the bank robber
as a human.
The second dimension is represented by the grounded theory as research
method, based on the work of Strauss and Corbin (1990), which are applied
to facilitate such research aims. During the initial phase of the
investigation, focused, semi-structured, in-depth interviews were held
with 28 bank robbers in detention. Subsequent interviews were held with
six of the 28 subjects, aimed at expanding a substantive grounded theory,
to clear up differences and to increase the validity of the data.
The third dimension reflects the development of a substantive grounded
theory which is revealed in propositions and signalised in four phases
of the bank robber's modus operandi, namely the planning, execution,
disposal and reconsideration phases. Each of these identified phases is
characterised by progressive movement, natura 1 continuity, emot i ona 1
experiences and an individualistic infusion. The basic elements, namely
decision-making and rationalisation, are prominent in the cadre of the
bank robber's modus operandi.
The substantive grounded theory is aimed at explaining the study
phenomenon. Consideration of the investigation as well as other aims of
the researcher are accommodated in the theory. Further comparative
studies can assist in refining or falsifying the substantive grounded
theory or, failing, to expand it to a formal theory.
The grounded theory is therefore regarded as appropriate for future
research on subjects about which there is a lack of empirical findings
and relatively little knowledge in criminological literature. The theory
offers, in addition, the advantage of a pluriform research study. / Sociology / D. Litt et Phil. (Kriminologie)
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Patterns and determinants of repeated bank robbery in ItalyPAVESI, IRENE 21 February 2011 (has links)
La presente tesi propone uno studio sulla multivittimizzazione delle banche in Italia. In questo paese nell’ultimo decennio si è concentrato circa il 50% delle rapine europee, delineando una situazione critica in termini di sicurezza e di impatto economico sulle banche. La ricerca empirica prova che il crimine si concentra su di una esigua parte della popolazione e che la vittimizzazione è il più efficace predittore di criminalità: dato un primo episodio, un target tende a subire un altro reato in un breve periodo di tempo. Mentre altre tipologie di reato sono state largamente esplorate, poco è stato fatto riguardo le rapine in banca. Questa tesi vuole colmare questa lacuna analizzando l’universo delle rapine in banca avvenute in Italia tra il 2007 ed il 2009. L’analisi dimostra che in Italia il 5% delle filiali concentra su di sé circa il 45% delle rapine; una volta vittimizzata, infatti, una banca viene esposta al 36% di probabilità di subire un’ulteriore rapina nei sei mesi successivi. Questa concentrazione è determinata dal successo della precedente rapina, che spinge gli stessi rapinatori a tornare(boost effect), ma anche dalle caratteristiche della banca (flag effect), che la espongono all’azione di più criminali. / The present thesis proposes a study on repeated bank robbery in Italy. In the last decade, about 50% of European bank robberies have occurred in this country, drawing a problematic situation in terms of both safety and economic impact on banks. Empirical research proves that crime is concentrated on a small proportion of the population and therefore victimization is the best predictor of crime. While repeat victimization has been studies with regard to several crime types, little attention has been paid to bank robbery. This thesis aims at filling this gap by analyzing the universe of bank robberies occurred in Italy between 2007 and 2009. The study shows that, in Italy, only 5% branches accounts for about 45% of all robberies; once victimized, indeed, a bank is exposed to 36% probabilities to be victimized again within the following six months. This concentration is determined by both the success of prior offence, which drives the repeats by original offenders (boost effect), and the characteristics of banks, which expose them to the action of multiple offenders (flag effect).
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Modus operandi van die bankrower : 'n kriminologiese introspeksieMaree, Alice 11 1900 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / In die ondersoek na die modus operandi van die bankrower: 'n
kriminologiese introspeksie, kan die ondergemelde drie dimensies
onderskei word: Die eerste dimensie is 'n kriminologiese introspeksie
wat die betekenis wat bankrowers self aan die uitvoer van bankrooftogte
heg, behels. Hierdie leefwereld van die subjekte word deur die navorser
"betree" en mede-verken. Doelgerigtheid, morele oorwegings, teesin in
geweld, charisma, kognitiewe vermoens en 'n materialistiese ingesteldheid
is begrippe wat die bankrower as mens belig.
Die tweede dimensie word verteenwoordig deur die begrondingsteorie as
navorsingsmetode, gebaseer op die werk van Strauss en Corbin {1990), wat
toegepas word ten einde sodanige navorsingsdoelstelling te fasiliteer.
Tydens die aanvanklike fase van die ondersoek is daar met 28 bankrowers
in aanhoud i ng, gefokusde semi -gest ruktureerde ind i epte-onderhoude gevoer.
Opvolgonderhoude is met ses van die 28 subjekte gevoer, met die doel om
'n substantiewe begrondingsteorie te ontplooi, verskille op te klaar en
die geldigheid van die data te verhoog.
Die derde dimensie reflekteer vervolgens die ontplooiing van 'n
substantiewe begrondingsteorie wat weerspieel word in proposisies en wat
in vier fases van die modus operandi van die bankrower onderskei word,
naamlik die beplanning-; uitvoering-; afhandeling-; en heroorwegingsfase.
Elk van die ge'identifiseerde fases word gekenmerk deur progressiewe
beweging, natuurlike kontinu'iteit, emosionele belewenisse en 'n
individualistiese inslag. Twee kernelemente, naamlik besluitneming en
rasionaliteit staan prominent binne die kader van die modus operandi van
die bankrower.
Die substantiewe begrondingsteorie is daarop ingestel om die verskynsel
wat bestudeer word, te verklaar. Seide die oorweging van die ondersoek
asook ander doelstellings van die navorser word binne die teorie
geakkommodeer. Verdere vergelykende studies kan daartoe bydra om die
substantiewe begrondingsteorie te verfyn, te falsifiseer, 6f by gebrek
daaraan, tot 'n formele teorie uit te bou.
Derhalwe word die begrondingsteorie as navorsingsmetode nie slegs as
toepaslik beskou vir toekomstige navorsing oor onderwerpe waaroor daar
'n gebrek aan empiriese bevindinge bestaan en waaroor relatief min kennis
in kriminologiese literatuur voorkom nie, maar hou dit ook die voordeel
van 'n pluriforme navorsingstudie in. / In the investigation into the modus operandi of the bank robber: a
criminological introspection, three dimensions can be distinguished. The
first dimension is a criminological introspection comprising the meaning
attached by bank rob.bers to the execution of bank robberies. This world
of the subjects is entered and co-scouted. Sense of purpose, mora 1
considerations, aversion to violence, charisma, cognitive powers and a
materialistic disposition are conceptions that elucidate the bank robber
as a human.
The second dimension is represented by the grounded theory as research
method, based on the work of Strauss and Corbin (1990), which are applied
to facilitate such research aims. During the initial phase of the
investigation, focused, semi-structured, in-depth interviews were held
with 28 bank robbers in detention. Subsequent interviews were held with
six of the 28 subjects, aimed at expanding a substantive grounded theory,
to clear up differences and to increase the validity of the data.
The third dimension reflects the development of a substantive grounded
theory which is revealed in propositions and signalised in four phases
of the bank robber's modus operandi, namely the planning, execution,
disposal and reconsideration phases. Each of these identified phases is
characterised by progressive movement, natura 1 continuity, emot i ona 1
experiences and an individualistic infusion. The basic elements, namely
decision-making and rationalisation, are prominent in the cadre of the
bank robber's modus operandi.
The substantive grounded theory is aimed at explaining the study
phenomenon. Consideration of the investigation as well as other aims of
the researcher are accommodated in the theory. Further comparative
studies can assist in refining or falsifying the substantive grounded
theory or, failing, to expand it to a formal theory.
The grounded theory is therefore regarded as appropriate for future
research on subjects about which there is a lack of empirical findings
and relatively little knowledge in criminological literature. The theory
offers, in addition, the advantage of a pluriform research study. / Sociology / D. Litt et Phil. (Kriminologie)
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A criminological exploration of associated robberies in Gauteng, South AfricaThobane, Mahlogonolo Stephina 02 1900 (has links)
Text in English / The goals of this research were to explore, describe and explain the crime of associated robbery, which at the time of this study, was a scientifically unknown phenomenon. Associated robbery is defined as “a bank-related robbery (by association) of cash or attempt thereto, committed against a bank client or his/her delegate, at any stage while en-route to or from a bank branch, ATM or cash centre or inside the branch to effect a deposit, or, withdrawal” (SABRIC 2013:4) This robbery is divided into two main categories, namely robbery before cash deposit and robbery after cash withdrawal. As found in literature and also evident in the findings of this study, more incidents and related cash losses are reported from robbery after withdrawal, which is sub-divided into muti scam, money bomb and spiked drink.
This study followed an exploratory, sequential, mixed-method research approach where the qualitative phase took place first – followed by the quantitative phase. The topic was firstly explored by collecting qualitative data via in-depth, one-on-one interviews (from a phenomenological point of view) where mutual meaning was sought, as understood by victims of associated robbery. To gather quantitative data, 500 bank clients (i.e. individuals, small business owners and stokvel/saving club members) completed a survey questionnaire. Their perspective on the phenomenon of associated robbery was thus explained and described through the use of descriptive statistics, particularly univariate and bivariate statistical analysis.
The most significant contribution made by this study, is embedment of the preventative measures used by the banking industry and other stakeholders such as the SAPS into the Situational Crime Prevention (SCP) and Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) principles approaches. This model is heavily grounded on 12 SCP strategies, namely: access control; deflecting offenders; controlling facilitation; entry/exist screening; formal surveillance; surveillance by employees; natural surveillance; target removal; reducing temptation; rule setting; stimulating conscience; and facilitating compliance. Furthermore, the model emphasises that the combating of associated robberies is a collaborative effort and thus the individual (bank client), the banking industry, the criminal justice system (CJS) and the general public all have to work together in fighting this endemic.
The lack of knowledge mainly from a victim’s perspective was identified as one of the challenges faced. However, this presented an opportunity for this study to make a significant contribution to the development of scientific literature. Moreover, the use of opportunity theories to explain the reasons why individuals are victimised placed the phenomenon in the criminological research milieu – thus pioneering a way for researchers who may wish to conduct future research on the same topic. / Criminology and Security Science / D. Litt. et Phil. (Criminology)
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