Enhet och helhet Av : Marcelo Rovira Torres Var börjar man när ett badhus blir till? Var började badhuset? Kanske var det vid havet, när höstkylan gjorde att vattnet blev för kallt och människor sökte sig till en plats där de kunde simma oberoende av klimatet. Tre badhus som uppfördes under folkhemsbygget under 1900-talets första hälft analyserades i tre svenska städer, Göteborg, Malmö och Luleå. Där framgick det tydligt att fokus låg på motionen och simbanan är byggnadens självklara mittpunkt. Bastun och tvagningen får sett till utformningen en sekundär roll, men funktionen är likväl viktig. Mitt projekt har handlat om att destillera mötet mellan badhusets två huvudsakliga funktioner, motion och tvagning, att skala bort allt överflöd och hitta en arkitektur som kommer så nära byggnadens kärna som möjligt. / Unit and Unity  By: Marcelo Rovira Torres Where does one begin when a bathhouse is in the works? Where did bathhouses originate? Perhaps it was by the sea, when the autumn chill made the water unbearable and people searched for a place where they could swim no matter the climate. Three bathing houses in three Swedish cities, Gothenburg, Malmö and Luleå built during ‘Folkhemsbygget’ in the first half of the 20th century were analysed. There, it was clear that the main focus lay on exercise and the swimming pool for aquatic sports was the buildings undeniable centerpiece. The sauna and ablution seem to have a secondary role, but the function is just as important. This project is about distilling the meeting between the bathhouse’s two main functions, exercise and ablution, to peel away all the excess and find architecture that comes as close to the buildings core as possible.

In this thesis I’ve been working with a proposal for an outdoor bath complex in the village Sandvik on the north-west coast of Öland. The research questions asked in the beginning of the process were: - How can an outdoor bath complex (kallbadhus) be formed so as to match the needs of the summer tourists as well as the permanently living inhabitants of the island and a be well functioning institution all year round? - How can the baths be formed to meet and take care of the existing qualities of the site? - How can I in the working process get grip of and develope the sensual, non-visual aspects of the architecture? The working process has been a dialogue between the inner spaces of the structure and the bigger landscape. The sensual experience of specific spaces of the baths and how they relate to the landscape has been essential, both from the perspective of being inside the structure and from the outside. The baths consist of a group of buildings – some wooden and some made of concrete – placed around 60 meters from the coast. It’s, as mentioned, directed towards both summer tourists and the normal inhabitant of Öland, and it offers different kinds of sauna and bathing situations such as dry saunas, steam sauna, shower rooms, and various forms of outdoor bathing. / I detta projekt har jag arbetat med ett förslag till ett kallbadhus, beläget på Ölands nordvästra kust i byn Sandvik. De initiala frågeställningarna var: - Hur kan ett kallbadhus utformas för att möta såväl sommarturisters som permanent boendes behov och blir en fungerande verksamhet året runt? - Hur kan kallbadhuset utformas för att platsens befintliga värden ska förvaltas på bästa sätt? - Hur kan jag i arbetsprocessen fånga upp och utveckla arkitekturens icke-visuella aspekter? Förslaget har kommit till i en dialog mellan byggnadens inre rum och det omgivande landskapet. Upplevelsen av de individuella platserna inuti komplexet samt hur dessa möter och relaterar till sin omgivning har stått i centrum. Kallbadhuset består av en grupp av byggnader, vissa i trä och andra i betong, placerade cirka 60 meter från kusten. Badet är riktat till såväl sommarturister som permanent boende på Öland och erbjuder olika typer av bastu- och badmöjligheter såsom ångbastu, torrbastu, duschrum samt utomhusbad.

Deciphering the Inherent   Looks at how vernacular timber architecture can be looked at as not merely a traditional means of constructing spaces in timber.   But rather focusing on expanding the possibilities that it capacitates, exploring the material itself and timbering techniques as formwork for casting in concrete.   Material refinement, architectural heritage and environmental context has been investigated in relation to a contemporary intervention at the site of an 18th century sawmill in Sweden.   Parallel to the investigative process of construction techniques the project intends to create an altered building vocabulary that relates to the vernacular in an indirect and abstracted way.   A vocabulary that is an 21th century offspring of its vernacular ancestors. A vocabulary that welcomes the contemporary building to be deciphered by its visitors. Where traces from the construction process and material refinement are clues. Evoking questions of heritage, relation to the environment and context. In doing so enriching the spatial experience through interpretation. / Avkoda arvet Undersöker hur traditionell timringstekniken kan omformuleras från att enbart skapa rum av timmer, till att expandera potentialen i timringstekniken till att utforska ämnet som gjutformar för betong. Materialraffinering, arkitektonisk arv samt geografisk kontext har parallellt med de materilamässiga undersökandet utforskats vid platsen av ett före detta vattendrivet sågverk från 1800-talet. Projektet ämnar att parallellt med undersökandet av material och gjuttekniker utveckla ett alternerat byggnadsvokabulär som härstammar och relaterar till det historiska på ett abstrakt och indirekt maner. Ett vokabulär som är en 2000 talets ättling till sina historiska släktingar. Ett vokabulär som välkomnar den kontemporära byggnaden att bli avkodad och tolkad av sina besökare. Där spår av byggnadsprocessen och materialiteten är ledtrådar som väcker frågor kring historiskt arv, vikten av miljön för arkitektur samt kontext. Genom denna översättning och tolkning berikas och förhöjs den rumsliga upplevelsen.

This case study was written to explore the different branches of queer theory and its links to the architecture of bath-houses. This, from both a historicaland a modern-day societal perspective. By implementing researcher Katarina Bonnevier’s queer theory on performativity and cross-cladding, I aim to investigate how the swimming pool and the bath-house can be re-envisioned.Throughout the country, the need for renovating and extending the existing portfolio of swimming pools and bath-house institutions has grown large. Meanwhile, thenumber of queer spaces in the city of Stockholm has over the years diminished. Therefore, I have chosen Liljeholmsbadet at Södermalm, an institution currently facing demolition, as subject of this case study and I propose a reinvention of it into a gay bath-house.Through literary research, observations, and studyvisits to public bath-houses, I will analyse the swimmingpool and what role it has played in society and in the queer community.Subsequently, using Bonnevier’s theoretical framework,I will redesign Liljeholmsbadet and dissect this new gay bath-house’s different components. By “queering” the already-built, this thesis speculates on what lies in the future of the bath-house.This diploma project is not to be viewed as a finished design proposal or an answer to a question, but as a starting point for further discussions.The thesis is split in two parts, a theoretical background as a framework, and a design proposal.

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Two deaths involving 3, 4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) are reported. MDPV is a synthetic cathinone stimulant found in "bath salts" with neurological and cardiovascular toxicity. Biological specimens were analyzed for MDPV by GC/MS and LC/MS. A White man was found dead with signs of nausea and vomiting after repeatedly abusing bath salts during a weekend binge. Femoral venous blood and urine had MDPV concentrations of 39 ng/mL and 760 ng/mL. The second fatality was a White man with a history of drug and bath salt abuse found dead at a scene in total disarray after exhibiting fits of anger and psychotic behavior. Femoral venous blood and urine had MDPV concentrations of 130 ng/mL and 3800 ng/mL. The blood and urine MDPV concentrations are within the reported recreational concentration ranges (blood 24-241 ng/mL and urine 34-3900 ng/mL). Both decedents' deaths were attributed to relevant natural causes in a setting of MDPV abuse.

Two deaths involving 3, 4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) are reported. MDPV is a synthetic cathinone stimulant found in "bath salts" with neurological and cardiovascular toxicity. Biological specimens were analyzed for MDPV by GC/MS and LC/MS. A White man was found dead with signs of nausea and vomiting after repeatedly abusing bath salts during a weekend binge. Femoral venous blood and urine had MDPV concentrations of 39 ng/mL and 760 ng/mL. The second fatality was a White man with a history of drug and bath salt abuse found dead at a scene in total disarray after exhibiting fits of anger and psychotic behavior. Femoral venous blood and urine had MDPV concentrations of 130 ng/mL and 3800 ng/mL. The blood and urine MDPV concentrations are within the reported recreational concentration ranges (blood 24-241 ng/mL and urine 34-3900 ng/mL). Both decedents' deaths were attributed to relevant natural causes in a setting of MDPV abuse.

Designer drug mixtures popularized as “bath salts” often contain the synthetic cathinones 3,4 methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV), mephedrone, and methylone in various combinations. However, most preclinical investigations have only assessed the effects of individual bath salt constituents, and little is known about whether co-exposure to MDPV, mephedrone, and methylone produces significant neuropharmacological interactions. This study evaluated and compared how MDPV, mephedrone, and methylone influence discrete brain tissue dopamine (DA) levels and motor stimulant responses in mice when administered alone and as a ternary mixture. Male adolescent Swiss-Webster mice received intraperitoneal injections of saline or 1 or 10 mg/kg doses of MDPV, mephedrone, or methylone, or a cocktail of all three cathinones at doses of 1, 3.3, or 10 mg/kg each. The effect of each treatment on DA and DA metabolite levels in mesolimbic and nigrostriatal brain tissue was quantified 15 min after a single exposure using HPLC-ECD. Additionally, locomotor activity was recorded in mice after acute (day 1) and chronic intermittent (day 7) dosing. MDPV, mephedrone, and methylone produced dose-related increases in mesolimbic and nigrostriatal DA levels that were significantly enhanced following their co-administration. In addition, mice treated with the cathinone cocktail displayed decreased locomotor activity on day 1 that was exacerbated by day 7 and not observed with any of the drugs alone. Our findings demonstrate a significant enhanced effect of MDPV, mephedrone, and methylone on both DA, and these effects on DA result in significant alterations in locomotor activity.

Syftet: Syftet är att utreda om det finns ekonomiska incitament i form av opportunism som påverkar nedskrivningar av goodwill hos börsnoterade företag i Sverige. Metod: Studiens syfte har besvarats genom en undersökning med kvantitativ metod. Korrelationstest samt regressionsanalys har gjorts för att testa studiens hypoteser. Resultat & Slutsats: Resultat av de utförda statistiska testerna visade inga signifikanta samband mellan de fyra undersökta incitamentrelaterade faktorerna och nedskrivning av goodwill. Cheferna har inte agerat opportunistiskt vid nedskrivningar av goodwill hos börsnoterade företag i Sverige. Däremot har testerna visat ett signifikant negativt samband mellan förändring i omsättning och nedskrivning av goodwill. Examensarbetets bidrag: Studien bidrar med kunskap kring goodwillnedskrivningar enligt IAS 36 hos börsnoterade företag i Sverige under åren 2019 - 2021. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: En mer omfattande studie där jämförelse mellan hur goodwillnedskrivningar hanteras under Covid-19 och perioden före eller efter görs. / Aim: The purpose of this study is to examine whether there are opportunistic incentives that affect impairments of goodwill in listed companies in Sweden. Method: The study’s aim has been answered through a quantitative method. Correlation and regression analysis have been done to test the study’s hypotheses. Results & Conclusions: Results of the performed statistical tests showed no significant associations between the four investigated incentive-related factors and impairment of goodwill. Managers have not acted opportunistically during impairments of goodwill in listed companies in Sweden. On the other hand, the tests have shown a significant negative association between change in turnover and impairment of goodwill. The study’s contribution: The study contributes with knowledge about goodwill impairments according to IAS 36 in listed companies in Sweden during the years 2019 - 2021. Suggestions for future research: A more extensive study in which a comparison is made between how goodwill impairments are handled during Covid-19 and the period before or after.

The project deals on one hand with means of activation of the site trying to establish new connections in the city. One the other it tries to redefine standards of bath culture.