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Special Reconnaissance : En teoriprövande fallstudie av patrullen bravo två noll, Gulfkriget 1991Ericsson, Petter January 2018 (has links)
In the new era of hybrid warfare information is key. But information by itself is not enough, decisionmakers want information that is certain and has quality. One method of obtaining this information is special reconnaissance. However, the field of special reconnaissance is slim and hasn’t been researched extensively enough. In the field of special reconnaissance only a single theory exists. That theory is Anders Westbergs theory of special reconnaissance. Westbergs theory states that there is a term called relative certainty. Which is the threshold where there is sufficient actionable intelligence on the opponent or target. To achieve relative certainty there are a certain set of principles which should be fulfilled, these principles are coordination, review, cover, reporting and exploitation. Westbergs theory however is still not tested by an outsider. This study therefore seeks to investigate if Westbergs theory is valid when tested through a qualitative case study on a case that is not only a failure and more modern, but also untested against the theory. The chosen case is the patrol Bravo Two Zero in the Persian Gulf War, 1991. The result shows that Westbergs theory can be used to explain the failure of Bravo Two Zeros mission. Some principles such as reporting shows significant value to the explanation.
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Evaluating water resource management in transboundary river basins using cooperative game theory : the Rio Grande/Bravo basinTeasley, Rebecca Lynn 19 October 2009 (has links)
Water resource management is a multifaceted issue that becomes more complex
when considering multiple nations’ interdependence upon a single shared transboundary
river basin. With over 200 transboundary river basins worldwide shared by two or more
countries, it is important to develop tools to allow riparian countries to cooperatively
manage these shared and often limited water resources. Cooperative game theory
provides tools for determining if cooperation can exist across jurisdictional boundaries
through a suite of mathematical tools that measure the benefits of cooperation among
basin stakeholders. Cooperative game theory is also useful for transboundary negotiation
because it provides a range of solutions which will satisfy all players in the game and
provides methods to fairly and equitably allocate the gains of that cooperation to all
participating stakeholders, if that cooperation is shown to be possible. This dissertation
applies cooperative game theory concepts to the Rio Grande/Bravo basin in North America as a case study. The Rio Grande/Bravo forms the 1,200 km border between the
United States and Mexico. A comprehensive water resources planning model was
developed for the basin including the major water users, water related infrastructure
including reservoirs, and water policy logic related to the bi-national water sharing
agreements. The water planning model is used to calculate the characteristic functions
for the cooperative game analysis. For the Water Demand Reduction Game, the largest
agricultural users, District 005, District 025 and the Texas Watermaster Section below
Falcon were defined individual players. The cooperative analysis was between the
individual players rather than the countries. In addition to the cooperative analysis,
performance measures for water deliveries were calculated to determine if water delivery
was improved to each player under the cooperative game. The results show that the
amount of additional water to the downstream players may not be large enough to induce
cooperation. The small amount of increase in water deliveries is related to the large
system losses as the water travels downstream over a long distance and a division of water under the 1944 Treaty between the United States and Mexico. / text
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Kallt krig i klassrummet : Spelfilm i historieundervisningenOhlander, Daniel January 2019 (has links)
This study aims to examine how some people in the United States of America during a period of ten years shortly after World War II used motion pictures to spread their political beliefs to the general public. The study also assesses how movies can be used as a teaching method about the Cold War in the subject of history in Swedish upper secondary schools. The main object for the analysis is two movies All the King’s Men (1949) and Rio Bravo (1959), and how they’re used to spread ideological messages to the masses. This study will also try to explain how two political beliefs, communism and McCarthyism rose to such prominent positions in Hollywood. The tools for the analysis of the movies are based on three methods by Jeff Smith about analyzing movies. Furthermore, I’ve presented previous research about films with political messages made during the same period and also what has been said about showing films for educational purposes in the subject of history. The results from this study shows that you can interpret that some films made in Hollywood during the early stages of the Cold War had political messages in them, if you knew what to look for. The results also show that films can and should be used for educational purposes about the Cold War as long as it’s done properly, so that the students can broaden their historical knowledge.
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Factores asociados al Síndrome de Burnout en el personal de áreas críticas en hospitales Essalud de la Región Lambayeque, 2022Bravo Cienfuegos, Sergio Andre January 2024 (has links)
Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados al Síndrome de Burnout (SB) en el personal de áreas críticas en hospitales ESSALUD de la Región Lambayeque 2022. Metodología: Estudio de diseño no experimental, descriptivo y correlacional, con muestreo no probabilístico tipo bola de nieve. Se aplicó el "Maslach Burnout Inventory" (MBI) y una ficha sociodemográfica mediante Google Forms a 398 trabajadores, seleccionando una muestra final de 196 empleados en diciembre 2022. Resultados: La frecuencia de SB fue de 5.6%, mientras que el 70.9% y el 23.5% mostró tendencia a padecerlo y ausencia del síndrome respectivamente. El promedio de edad fue de 41,8 (± 10.9) años, predominando el sexo femenino con 71.9%, el 50% fue personal de enfermería, 37.8% médicos y 12.2% técnicos, el 48% tuvo entre 2-3 hijos y el 36.2% contaba con más de 15 años de experiencia laboral. El análisis de Chi cuadrado determinó que las variables sexo, especialidad, horas de sueño y trabajo externo, se encontraron asociadas a SB
(p-value < 0.05), y en el análisis multivariado solo se encontró asociación significativa con años de experiencia laboral (OR 0,491; IC 95% 0,274-0,880) y horas de sueño (OR 0,316; IC 95% 0,121-0,827). Sobre las dimensiones del SB, la dimensión Agotamiento Emocional (AE) bajo tuvo 65.3%, Despersonalización (DP) baja 54.6% y Realización Personal (RP) baja con 45.9%.
Conclusiones: La tendencia de padecer SB fue alta, además se encontró asociación significativa entre SB y las variables sexo, especialidad, horas de sueño, experiencia laboral y trabajo externo. / Objective: To determine the factors associated with Burnout Syndrome (SB) in critical area staff at ESSALUD hospitals in the Lambayeque Region 2022. Methodology: Nonexperimental, descriptive, and correlational study design, with snowball non-probabilistic sampling. The "Maslach Burnout Inventory" (MBI) and a sociodemographic form were applied through Google Forms to 398 workers, selecting a final sample of 196 employees in December 2022. Results: The frequency of SB was 5.6%, while 70.9% and 23.5% showed a tendency towards suffering from it and absence of the syndrome, respectively. The average age was 41.8 (± 10.9) years, with females predominating at 71.9%, 50% were nursing staff, 37.8% doctors, and 12.2% technicians, 48% had between 2-3 children, and 36.2% had more than 15 years of
work experience. Chi-square analysis determined that the variables of gender, specialty, hours of sleep, and external work were associated with SB (p-value < 0.05), and in the multivariate analysis, only years of work experience (OR 0.491; 95% CI 0.274-0.880) and hours of sleep (OR 0.316; 95% CI 0.121-0.827) were found to have a significant association. Regarding the dimensions of SB, the low Emotional Exhaustion (AE) dimension was 65.3%, low Depersonalization (DP) 54.6%, and low Personal Accomplishment (RP) 45.9%. Conclusions: The tendency to suffer from SB was high, and a significant association was found between SB and variables such as gender, specialty, hours of sleep, work experience, and external work.
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DEN IDEALA COWBOYEN : En komparativ studie av maskuliniteten inom den amerikanska audiovisuella westerngenren på 1950-talet samt 2010-taletFalk Renström, Johannes January 2019 (has links)
Den hegemoniska maskuliniteten är försatt i ett stadie av konstant förändring och omförhandling. Saker som i en viss tidsepok kommit att associeras med femininitet kan vid en annan tidpunkt komma att tillskrivas som ett maskulint attribut. Då mannens relation till sig själv – och hans relation till sin omgivning – påverkas av den maskulina idealbild som förmedlas, i bland annat populärkulturellt material, blir det därför viktigt att undersöka hur denna hegemoniska maskulinitet yttrar sig i olika tidsepoker. Detta dels för att utröna varför den ser ut som den gör idag och hur den porträtterats historiskt, men även för att förutspå hur gestaltningen av maskulinitet kan komma att förändra sig i framtiden. Denna studie har utfört en komparation mellan westernfilmer som av diverse forskare och kritiker ses som typiska tidsenliga exempel på filmer inom westerngenren. Detta gjordes för att fastställa hur den historiska porträtteringen av den hegemoniska maskuliniteten skiljer sig från den i ett modernt populärkulturellt material inom samma genre. Detta gjordes genom att utföra en semiotisk bildanalys av protagonistens och antagonistens slut- samt introduktionsscen, därefter jämfördes de observationer som gjorts i analysen, varpå övergripande analyser gjordes, i vilken återkommande drag, behandlingen av minoriteter, kroppsattribut och miljöerna som dessa befann sig i och bebodde, diskuterades och sammanställdes. Kontentan av resultatet var att attribut som tidigare associerats med protagonister i materialet från 1950-talet numera utgjordes av antagonisterna i materialet från 2010-talet. Den tidigare maskuliniteten som gestaltades av storväxthet och breda axlar har förändrats, och den hegemoniska maskuliniteten har nu gett upphov till en man med mer komplexa motivationer, större känsloliv och hänsynsfullhet än den som skänktes av protagonisten i dom tidigare gestaltningarna. Genom att uppnå sina målsättningar kunde även protagonisterna i materialen från båda tidsperioderna dölja att dessa antagit attribut som tidigare varit kvinnligt kodade i den nya maskulina idealbilden, exempelvis fällandet av tårar.
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Aspectos ecofisiológicos da catingueira e do pinhão-bravo em uma área de caatinga de SergipeCosta, Nara de Farias 31 July 2014 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The difference in rainfall throughout the year is a recurring problem that the plants in the field must contend as a result of the moments of drought to which they can be submitted. In the Caatinga, this problem is even greater, since the rains are very sparse and irregular, causing drought for months. The plants of the Caatinga have several adaptations to resist such conditions. This work aimed to evaluate physiological parameters of two endemic species of the Caatinga, the |catingueira| (Poincianella pyramidalis) and |pinhão-bravo| (Jatropha mollissima), in search to discover what strategies these species adopt to survive the drought. Two collections, one in the dry season and one in the wet, were made to evaluate parameters of water relations, concentrations of organic solutes and photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll a fluorescence and gas exchange. The |catingueira| shown to have been damaged by drought, with a significant reduction in their rates of water relations, particularly in the relative water content, which reached values below 60%, and the performance indices of chlorophyll a fluorescence. The |pinhão-bravo| was able to maintain their high tissue turgor, but the rates of fluorescence and net photosynthesis demonstrated that he was affected by drought since their photosynthetic parameters suffered very significant reductions. / A diferença de precipitação ao longo do ano é um problema recorrente que as plantas em campo precisam enfrentar, em decorrência dos momentos de déficit hídrico aos quais elas podem ser submetidas. Na Caatinga, esse problema é ainda maior, já que as chuvas são muito esparsas e irregulares, ocasionando meses a fio de estiagem. As plantas da Caatinga possuem diversas adaptações para suportar tais condições. Esse trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar parâmetros fisiológicos de duas espécies endêmicas da Caatinga, a catingueira (Poincianella pyramidalis) e o pinhão-bravo (Jatropha mollissima), em busca de descobrir que estratégias essas espécies adotam para sobreviver ao período de estiagem. Foram feitas duas coletas, uma na estação seca e outra na chuvosa, para avaliar parâmetros de relações hídricas, concentrações de solutos orgânicos e de pigmentos fotossintéticos, fluorescência de clorofila a e trocas gasosas. A catingueira demonstrou ter sido bastante afetada pela seca, com redução significativa nos seus parâmetros de relações hídricas, sobretudo no teor relativo de água, que atingiu valores abaixo de 60%, e nos índices de desempenho da fluorescência da clorofila a. O pinhão-bravo conseguiu manter a turgescência de seus tecidos alta, mas os índices da fluorescência e da fotossíntese líquida demonstraram que ele também foi afetado pelo déficit hídrico, uma vez que seus parâmetros fotossintéticos sofreram reduções bastante significativas.
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Konstrukce identity dospívajících dívek v internetových médiích a časopisech / The identity construction of teenage girls in internet media and magazinesNováková, Petra January 2013 (has links)
Diploma thesis "The Identity Construction of Teenage Girls in Internet Media and Magazines" deals with media texts which are being addressed to teenage girls; with a special attention to three significant media types of this area of concern. These are represented by the magazine Bravo Girl!, the blog dominikamyslivcova.cz and the website jenproholky.cz. The aim of the thesis is to describe and analyze these texts in detail; e.g. in the areas which are characteristic for them and could represent an element of high importance in the process of constructing the living reality of their recipients. The thesis also assumes how media could participate on their identity construction; their recognized values, opinions, thinking and lifestyle. Not only the thesis is concerned with the production of these specific texts and their features, it also focuses on the character of the interaction these media initiate towards the audience. It also tends to describe the receptive process the members of audience perform and how they react back, towards the media. To fulfill this goal, the pragmalinguistic analysis of the language features and communication strategies was used. Also the semiotic analysis was chosen, to the description of the structures of meaning, myths and ideologies within the texts. As a conclusion,...
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Rutas contrapuestas de la élite realista ante la Independencia del Perú: los casos de Gaspar de Osma y de Pedro José de ZavalaRizo Patrón Boylan, Paul 25 September 2020 (has links)
El quiebre del sistema virreinal y el nacimiento de la república del Perú, generó diversas
respuestas en quienes vivieron tan complejo proceso. La elite -tanto de origen peninsular
como criollo- tuvo que tomar decisiones apresuradas ante los vaivenes del momento,
particularmente desfavorables para el sector leal a la corona. Los realistas -o fidelistas- fueron
los grandes perdedores en aquellos cambios. Esta tesis analiza dos conductas que no pudieron
ser más contrastadas entre quienes se opusieron a la ruptura con España. Fueron dos caras de
una misma moneda: una fue la representada Gaspar Antonio de Osma, un funcionario
peninsular vinculado a la aristocracia mercantil limeña, mientras que el otro, Pedro José de
Zavala, fue un noble militar, de añeja estirpe en Cuzco y Lima. Mientras el primero -siendo
español- optó por adaptarse al Perú independiente, el segundo -habiendo nacido en estas
tierras- se negó a hacerlo, emigrando a España. Estos casos muestran dos posturas extremas,
que fueron posiblemente los márgenes de un abanico de opciones. La del peninsular que se
quedó en el Perú republicano, al lado de su familia, debió ser menos traumática que la del
criollo desarraigado de su lugar de origen. Osma se adaptó al nuevo sistema mientras su
contraparte, Zavala, no logró más éxito que unos distintivos honoríficos, antes de volver al
final de su vida a un país que, paradójicamente, pasaba por una coyuntura más estable que la
España de mediados del siglo XIX. / The fall of the viceregal system and the birth of the Republic of Peru, generated various
responses in those who lived through such a complex process. The elite - both peninsular and
criollo in origin - had to make hasty decisions in face of the fluctuations of the moment,
particularly unfavorable for the sector loyal to the crown. The realistas (or fidelistas) were
the big losers in those changes. This thesis analyzes two behaviors that could not be more
contrasted among those who opposed the breakup with Spain. They were two sides of the
same coin: one was represented by Gaspar Antonio de Osma, a peninsular bureaucrat linked
to Lima´s commercial aristocracy, while the other was a military nobleman of ancient
ancestry in Cuzco and Lima. While the former -being Spanish- chose to adapt to independent
Peru, the latter -having been born on these lands- refused to do so, emigrating to Spain. These
cases show two extreme positions, which were possibly the margins of a range of options.
That of the peninsular who remained in republican Peru, next to his family, must have been
less traumatic than that of the uprooted army officer from his place of origin. Osma was able
to adapt to the new system while his counterpart, Zavala, achieved no more success than a
few honorary distinctions, before returning at the end of his life to die in a country that,
paradoxically, was going through a more stable situation than mid XIXth century Spain. / Tesis
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Las redes de sociabilidad de los oidores de Lima. Cultura política, redes clientelares y gestión del poder en Lima virreinal (1745-1761)Carrillo Ureta, Gonzalo Alberto 22 January 2019 (has links)
Esta investigación aborda la importancia de los vínculos personales en la gestión del
poder en el Perú a mediados del siglo XVIII, a partir del estudio del caso de las redes
clientelares de los oidores de la Audiencia de Lima entre los años 1745 Y 1761. Estas redes
se hacen visibles en el contexto de los conflictos entre el arzobispo de Lima, Pedro
Antonio Barroeta y Ángel, el virrey conde de Superunda y las facciones de la élite limeña.
Tomando como punto de partida las denuncias cruzadas entre estos actores, se analiza
la interacción de las redes locales con la corte del virrey, en un contexto de cambios en
la cultura política y en los mecanismos de gobierno que se producen a raíz de las reformas
borbónicas. A partir del caso de la familia extensa del oidor Pedro Bravo del Rivero, se
examina también cómo las estrategias familiares de ascenso social se vieron
condicionadas tanto por la conversión de la corte de Madrid en el gran centro de
negociación de mercedes reales, como por la limitación impuesta a la venalidad de cargos
jurisdiccionales. Finalmente, se trata de comprender la injerencia de estas redes
clientelares limeñas en el proceso de legalización del reparto mercantil que se produjo a
inicios de la década de 1750, poniéndose en evidencia la estrecha relación entre oidores,
corregidores y otros oficiales reales, con poderosos locales y comerciantes a la hora de
beneficiarse de este pingüe negocio. Al menos en estos años, los oidores y su entorno
clientelar lograron incorporar a sus filas a una muy reducida familia del virrey y gestionar
la reventa de cargos de corregidores y el beneficio de corregimientos interinos / Tesis
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Las redes de sociabilidad de los oidores de Lima. Cultura política, redes clientelares y gestión del poder en Lima virreinal (1745-1761)Carrillo Ureta, Gonzalo Alberto 22 January 2019 (has links)
Esta investigación aborda la importancia de los vínculos personales en la gestión del
poder en el Perú a mediados del siglo XVIII, a partir del estudio del caso de las redes
clientelares de los oidores de la Audiencia de Lima entre los años 1745 Y 1761. Estas redes
se hacen visibles en el contexto de los conflictos entre el arzobispo de Lima, Pedro
Antonio Barroeta y Ángel, el virrey conde de Superunda y las facciones de la élite limeña.
Tomando como punto de partida las denuncias cruzadas entre estos actores, se analiza
la interacción de las redes locales con la corte del virrey, en un contexto de cambios en
la cultura política y en los mecanismos de gobierno que se producen a raíz de las reformas
borbónicas. A partir del caso de la familia extensa del oidor Pedro Bravo del Rivero, se
examina también cómo las estrategias familiares de ascenso social se vieron
condicionadas tanto por la conversión de la corte de Madrid en el gran centro de
negociación de mercedes reales, como por la limitación impuesta a la venalidad de cargos
jurisdiccionales. Finalmente, se trata de comprender la injerencia de estas redes
clientelares limeñas en el proceso de legalización del reparto mercantil que se produjo a
inicios de la década de 1750, poniéndose en evidencia la estrecha relación entre oidores,
corregidores y otros oficiales reales, con poderosos locales y comerciantes a la hora de
beneficiarse de este pingüe negocio. Al menos en estos años, los oidores y su entorno
clientelar lograron incorporar a sus filas a una muy reducida familia del virrey y gestionar
la reventa de cargos de corregidores y el beneficio de corregimientos interinos / Tesis
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