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Counselors can work at a variety of locations (Vacc & Loesch, 2000). Yet very little is known about each setting (King, 2007) and what type of counselors would have an optimum fit. Burnout is a pervasive issue in counseling (Lawson, 2007) and providing good-fit information could lessen turnover and burnout from the counseling field. The primary purpose of this study included investigating the differences between job satisfaction and value priorities of counselors in private practice and agency settings. The overarching theoretical framework included Frank Parsons‘ counselors, with seventy-two agency counselors and sixty-three private practitioners. Counselors completed two assessments and a survey in a descriptive correlational design. Two methods of group and e-mail administration produced a 98.7 % and 33% response rates, respectively. The data collection instruments included: The Schwartz Value Survey (SVS; Schwartz, 1992), the abridged Job Descriptive Index (aJDI; Stanton et al., 2002), the abridged Job In General Scale (aJIG; Russell et al., 2004), and the Counselor History Questionnaire (Cunningham, 2009). The statistical procedures used to analyze the data included two one-way MANOVAs and four standard multiple regressions. Post- hoc analysis included ANOVA for five subscales on the aJDI measure. The three research questions included; (a) Are there any differences between job satisfaction between counselors in private practice and agency settings? (b) Are there any iv differences between value priorities of self-transcendence and self-enhancement between counselors in private practice and agency settings?, and (c) Are there any relationships among the variables of job satisfaction and value priorities of counselors in private practice and agency setting? The first research question was supported, with private practitioners reporting statistically significant higher levels of job satisfaction on two measures, with 12.9 % of the variance explained by the model. Furthermore, the results of the post-hoc included private practitioners reporting statistically significant higher ratings on the aJDI subscales of Work and Income, and Agency counselors reporting higher scores on the Supervision subscale. The second and third research questions were not supported; as there were no differences in value priorities of counselors in private practice and agency. Furthermore, no predictive relationships existed among the variables of work location, value priorities, and job satisfaction. The data suggested that private practitioners experienced a higher level of job satisfaction than their counterparts in agency settings. Furthermore, the non-significant results of value priorities suggested that counselors, as a whole, possess similar value priorities which are not altered by different work settings. Implications for counselors and counselor educators were presented, along with areas of future research.

I surveyed members of the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation (RMEF) and the Appalachian Trail Conference (ATC) to assess the motivations of active and nonactive memebrs in these nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). I investigated the effects of social networks, competing commitments, requests for participation and the belief of the efficacy of their actions on decisions to become and remain active members. I found that requests are important tools for recruiting new members but not the determining factor in the decision to participate. Rather, in both NGOs, active members indicated that the efficacy of their actions was most important in their decisions, while nonactive members cited the importance of competing commitments. I also investigated what leads to burn out and attrition of active members. Burn out and attrition in active members often resulted from a lack of personal satisfaction and growth from contributions. Active members who had experienced burn out donated more hours, had been members and active longer, and in the RMEF needed more recognition than those members who had not experienced burn out. Volunteers who discontinued participation also cited age, health, and personal reasons, Recruitment and retention of volunteers may be aided by increasing the awareness of volunteer programs, ensuring the programs provide results that individuals are proud of, requesting the participation of individuals on both local and higher organizational levels, and recognizing volunteers for their contributions. / Master of Science

Yes / Burns depth evaluation is a lifesaving task and very challenging that requires objective techniques to accomplish. While the visual assessment is the most commonly used by surgeons, its accuracy reliability ranges between 60 and 80% and subjective that lacks any standard guideline. Currently, the only standard adjunct to clinical evaluation of burn depth is Laser Doppler Imaging (LDI) which measures microcirculation within the dermal tissue, providing the burns potential healing time which correspond to the depth of the injury achieving up to 100% accuracy. However, the use of LDI is limited due to many factors including high affordability and diagnostic costs, its accuracy is affected by movement which makes it difficult to assess paediatric patients, high level of human expertise is required to operate the device, and 100% accuracy possible after 72 h. These shortfalls necessitate the need for objective and affordable technique. Method: In this study, we leverage the use of deep transfer learning technique using two pretrained models ResNet50 and VGG16 for the extraction of image patterns (ResFeat50 and VggFeat16) from a a burn dataset of 2080 RGB images which composed of healthy skin, first degree, second degree and third-degree burns evenly distributed. We then use One-versus-One Support Vector Machines (SVM) for multi-class prediction and was trained using 10-folds cross validation to achieve optimum trade-off between bias and variance. Results: The proposed approach yields maximum prediction accuracy of 95.43% using ResFeat50 and 85.67% using VggFeat16. The average recall, precision and F1-score are 95.50%, 95.50%, 95.50% and 85.75%, 86.25%, 85.75% for both ResFeat50 and VggFeat16 respectively. Conclusion: The proposed pipeline achieved a state-of-the-art prediction accuracy and interestingly indicates that decision can be made in less than a minute whether the injury requires surgical intervention such as skin grafting or not.

Introduktion: Brännskada är ett globalt folkhälsoproblem och en traumatisk händelse för den som drabbas då det medför smärta och lidande med både psykiska, fysiska och psykosociala besvär. Brännskador kräver oftast intensivvård och många sjukhusvistelser med lång rehabilitering. Trots en avancerad sjukvård och adekvat behandling blir livet efter utskrivning aldrig exakt som det var innan brännskadan. Brännskadan leder bland annat till ett förändrat utseende, utanförskap och lidande som påverkar patientens hälsa.  Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt var att undersöka patienters upplevelser av sin hälsa efter brännskada. Metod: En litteraturstudie har gjorts där 11 originalartiklar med kvalitativa studier från databaserna PubMed och CINAHL har inkluderats.   Resultat: Resultatet delades in i tre huvudkategorier och nio subkategorier. De tre huvudkategorierna var; förändring av den fysiska hälsan, påverkan på den psykiska hälsan och påverkan på den psykosociala hälsan. Den fysiska hälsan blev begränsad och det fanns en ökad smärta och sensibilitet. Den psykiska hälsan beskrev de känslomässiga påfrestningarna, hotad identitet, isolering och utanförskapen men också acceptans. Den psykosociala hälsan beskrev vikten av stöd från andra och av det sociala nätverket. Slutsats: De som varit med om en brännskada upplevde en förändrad hälsa och ett ökat lidande. Hälsan påverkades fysiskt, psykiskt och psykosocialt och det var därför viktigt för sjuksköterskan att se hela personen och inte enbart de fysiska skadorna. Utöver detta krävdes stöd från andra samt acceptans för att försonas med lidande. / Introduction: Burns are a global public health problem and a traumatic event for the patient, causing pain and suffering, including mental, physical and psychosocial problems. Burns usually require intensive care and multiple hospital visits with long rehabilitation time. Despite advanced medical care and adequate treatment, life after discharge will never be exactly as it was before the burn. The burn leads to, among other things, a changed appearance, alienation and suffering that affect the patient's health. Aim: The aim of this literature study was to investigate the experience of burn patients' health after burn.  Method: A literature study with 11 original articles with qualitative studies from the database PubMed and CINAHL were included in this study.  Results: The results were divided into three main categories and nine subcategories. The three main categories were; Change in physical health, impact on mental health and impact on psychosocial health. Physical health became restrained and there was increased pain and sensitivity. Mental health described the emotional stress, the threatened identity, the isolation and alienation and also acceptance. Psychosocial health described the importance of moral support from others and from the social network. Conclusion: Burn patients experienced a change in health and increased suffering. The health was affected physically, psychologically and psychosocially and thus the nurse’s job should not exclusively include physical treatment, but also include psychological treatment in support of the patient. Beyond professional treatment, the patient required support from others and acceptance to reconcile with their suffering.

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