Submitted by Nara Lays Domingues Viana Oliveira (naradv) on 2015-08-29T13:16:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LISSANDRA.pdf: 2081889 bytes, checksum: 4089b688f1b6ecaa3268c0e9a24189ab (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-29T13:16:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LISSANDRA.pdf: 2081889 bytes, checksum: 4089b688f1b6ecaa3268c0e9a24189ab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-14 / FAPERGS - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul / UNISINOS - Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos / GMAP - Grupo de Pesquisa em Modelagem para Aprendizagem / Esta pesquisa procura analisar a indução do processo de desenvolvimento regional a partir de outra visão, com “outras lentes”, para além dos aglomerados ou Arranjos Produtivos Locais, com o intuito de proporcionar aos gestores públicos e privados a possibilidade de tomada de decisões mais assertivas, além de incentivar outros municípios a utilizarem o mesmo processo de desenvolvimento em planejamentos econômicos. Diante disso, o objetivo geral do presente trabalho é analisar o processo de indução do desenvolvimento econômico do município de Passo Fundo, no Rio Grande do Sul, a partir da ótica dos Ecossistemas de Negócios. Os objetivos específicos são identificar as relações entre os Ecossistemas de Negócios e o processo de desenvolvimento econômico; propor o termo Ecossistema de Negócios como uma forma de entender o desenvolvimento regional; e contribuir para a melhora de conhecimento que possibilite o fomento de Ecossistemas econômicos em uma região ou município. O estudo consiste em uma pesquisa exploratória, com levantamentos bibliográficos e documentais. O Método de Pesquisa utilizado foi o de Estudo de Caso Único. A coleta de dados ocorreu a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas no município de Passo Fundo. Os resultados obtidos mostram a significante relação do processo de desenvolvimento econômico de Passo Fundo com o conceito de Ecossistemas de Negócios, corroborando, assim, o fato da utilização do termo em futuras tomadas de decisões, tanto de gestores quanto do governo, a fim de promover o desenvolvimento econômico de uma região/município. / This research aims to analyze the induction of the regional development process from a different point-of-view, with "other lenses", beyond clusters or Local Productive Arrangements, in order to provide public and private managers with the possibility of making more assertive decisions, and encourage other cities to use the same process of economic planning improvement. Therefore, the overall goal of this work is to analyze the economic development induction process in the city of Passo Fundo (state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) from the perspective of Business Ecosystems. The specific purposes are to identify the relation between the Business Ecosystem and the process of economic development; propose the term Business Ecosystem as a way to understand regional development; contribute to the improvement of knowledge that enables the promotion of economic ecosystems in a region or city. The study consists of an exploratory survey with a literature review and documentary survey. The research method employed was a single case study. The data collection was based on semi structured and non-structured interviews, performed in the city of Passo Fundo. Results show a significant relation between the process of economic development in Passo Fundo and the term Business "Ecosystems", thus corroborating the utilization of this term to future decision making from both managers and the Government, in order to promote the development of a city/region.

Global industries are characterized by complex networks of organizations, which are often dominated by a few disproportionately large transnational corporations. While industry consolidation is not a new phenomenon, the scale and speed at which global industries now impact diverse social-ecological systems is unprecedented. In this thesis, I combine the interconnected perspective of business ecosystems with the sustainability focus of the social-ecological systems literature through the concept of keystone actors. Adopting a network perspective, I apply this framing to the global clothing industry, and specifically analyze the patterns of coordination and collaboration among actors working to address systemic sustainability challenges facing the industry. While keystone actors wield significant influence over both the industry’s biophysical and socio-economic impacts, I find it is the presence of key brokers – actors who mediate indirect connections between keystone actors in the clothing industry – that possess the potential to coordinate action around sustainability challenges into a collective industry-wide effort. I conclude the thesis by discussing how the empirical findings, and network perspective more generally, can advance the study of keystone actors in global business ecosystems.

Sustainable strategic management emerged from the coevolution of strategic thinking in today's sustainability challenging business environment. Business ecosystems, designed to create socially and ecologically responsible economic opportunities for their members, have emerged as excellent structures for implementing sustainable strategic management strategies along the whole pyramid of coevolving developed, developing, and undeveloped markets. Both the business ecosystem leaders and niche players in these whole pyramid business ecosystems have critical roles to play in formulating and implementing potentially profitable strategies that help reduce the human footprint and improve the quality of human life. Ecosystem leaders need to be responsible for creating and shepherding their business ecosystems' visions of a sustainable future, and niche players need to be responsible for providing the ecosystem with an innovation trajectory designed to make those visions a reality.

Sustainable strategic management emerged from the coevolution of strategic thinking in today's sustainability challenging business environment. Business ecosystems, designed to create socially and ecologically responsible economic opportunities for their members, have emerged as excellent structures for implementing sustainable strategic management strategies along the whole pyramid of coevolving developed, developing, and undeveloped markets. Both the business ecosystem leaders and niche players in these whole pyramid business ecosystems have critical roles to play in formulating and implementing potentially profitable strategies that help reduce the human footprint and improve the quality of human life. Ecosystem leaders need to be responsible for creating and shepherding their business ecosystems' visions of a sustainable future, and niche players need to be responsible for providing the ecosystem with an innovation trajectory designed to make those visions a reality.

La formulación estratégica se enfrenta a nuevos retos, por lo cual resulta interesante analizar su influencia en la ejecución estratégica en la actualidad. Así, la presente investigación plantea como interrogante central: ¿Cómo influye la formulación en la ejecución estratégica? El propósito de este documento es presentar una investigación basada en la evolución de la gestión estratégica a través de los años de acuerdo con los pensamientos de diversos autores que contribuyeron al crecimiento de distinguidas organizaciones. Por esta razón, el objetivo general del presente trabajo es determinar si las estrategias tradicionales desarrolladas por los autores pioneros del siglo XX continúan teniendo vigencia en la formulación y ejecución estratégica de las empresas en la era digital. Para el presente artículo se utilizó un método de investigación cualitativa que permitió, específicamente, identificar los principales enfoques de distintos autores de los siglos XX y XXI. Del estudio se pudo concluir que las estrategias tradicionales están vigentes en esta nueva era digital, pero se considera que su enfoque se debe retroalimentar y evolucionar para ser susceptible de adaptación a las nuevas condiciones de mercado. / Strategic formulation faces new challenges, that is why it is interesting to analyze its influence on strategic execution. Thus, the current investigation states as its main question: How does formulation influence strategic execution? The purpose of this document is to present an investigation based on the evolution of strategic management throughout the years, considering different authors’ reflections which contributed to the growth of distinguished organizations. For that reason, the general objective of this work is to determine if the traditional strategies developed by the pioneering authors in the 20th century are still valid in the formulation and strategic execution of companies in the digital era. This article used a qualitative method of research that helps identify the different approaches of several authors of the 20th and 21st centuries. The study concluded that traditional strategies are still valid in the formulation and strategic execution of companies in the digital era. However, their perspective must be fed back and evolve, in order to be susceptible to adaptation in the new market conditions. / Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional

Current innovation literature stress the fact that companies seeking to boost their innovation capabilities should open their boundaries and collaborate with partners for bolder and faster value creation. While correct, and in fact frequently practice among several industries, many companies have failed in their attempt to innovate on ecosystem’s settings due mainly to lack of the appropriate management methodologies. Although co-development alliances have become a common practice in the market place, tools and strategies to manage them are quite behind on real execution. Furthermore, companies currently involved in such scenarios have overlook the new conditions of co-creation, failing to yield return over the cost of capital, and losing credibility on their ecosystems. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify practical managerial strategies, process and tools for orchestrating innovation ecosystems in general, and tailored them into real company current practices, in particular. In this thesis, a theoretical revision has been carried out in order to understand what innovation ecosystems are, why companies involved in innovation should care about them and what are the essential elements for orchestrating projects breed in that setting, being successful at it. Furthermore, a case study was developed with the purpose of connecting empirical findings to theoretical suggestions, and draw conclusions and recommendations. The company chosen for the analysis is one of the larger international players in their industry; having strong motivations to grow their innovation field, clear objectives to do it on partnership basis, and unquestionable position to claim the role of orchestrator. Moreover, management at this company believed that their innovation partnerships are not fulfilling expectations, and wanted to know how they can improve the way those projects are being managed, while keeping the center of the innovation ecosystem. The results show the process to create an orchestration strategy model, and a final proposal for the company under analysis. The case was developed taking into consideration information provided by key processes stakeholders over a series of interviews, and critical observation of the system during a six-month period. Scientific implications contribute in providing a framework for orchestrating innovation ecosystems on a technology-driven industry, while managerial implications contribute in providing the company with a robust model on how to position as a global hub for cross-innovation.

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to enhance the understanding of what capabilities that are required by actors in a business ecosystem depending on what role they enact. To fulfill this research purpose, the following research questions were derived: RQ1: What key activities underpin different ecosystem roles? and RQ2: What capabilities allow actors to perform key activities? Method – This study was conducted as an abductive single case-study of a business ecosystem that evolves around Internet-of-Things-based solutions in the automotive and transportation sector. In total, four companies and one expert company took part in the research, all participating in, or have knowledge of, the ecosystem of inquiry. In total, 20 interviews were conducted, and results were generated through the use of a thematic analysis. Findings – The findings from the study are summarized in a framework that illustrates what key activities actors perform to enact either an ‘Enabler’, ‘Leader’ or ‘Direct Value Creator’ role, and more specifically, what capabilities that allow actors to perform those key activities. The findings also show that actors must be able to leverage ‘ecosystem intelligence capabilities’, regardless of role, to be successful in a business ecosystem. Theoretical and practical implications – The study provide implications for research on business ecosystem by empirically explicating the key activities that underpin different ecosystem roles, and, by highlighting that actors must not only possess a set of role-specific capabilities, but also some generic capabilities that allow them to operate in a business ecosystem. Our framework assists managers to better evaluate if their firm can leverage the capabilities required to perform the activities of the role they aspire. Limitations and future research – The study is limited by a single case-study of a business ecosystem currently in the early phases. Hence, future research is recommended to validate and extend our findings in other contexts than of ours, as well as to study if the capabilityrequirements vary among different stages of ecosystem evolvement.

The Internet of Things (IoT) enables opportunities to remotely sense and control objects via communication networks. We study services based on connected devices and the collaboration they generate between the ICT and the Health, Social Care and Wellbeing (HSCWB) industries. In HSCWB, IoT can support a change from episodic treatments of illness to preventive care and wellbeing solutions. The IoT can be a supporter in cost efficient and high quality health care. The objective is to achieve healthier life years and more efficiency in health and social care. Even if the potential of IoT in HSCWB has been proven in pilot projects and small-scale solutions, the benefits and opportunities for many actors are still unclear. There is a research gap in studying the roles and business opportunities for market-driven technology-based solutions enabled by connected devices. The research approach separates technological and business domains. On the technology side, the focus is on advances in connectivity for IoT. We present the technical details on a limitation to support IoT devices in cellular networks. We quantify the limitations in the Random Access Channel of the LTE air interface to support IoT devices. Moreover, we propose the adaptation of an access mechanism to enable massive number of simultaneous access attempt in cellular networks. On the business side, we identify and present how the conditions of the health and social care structure in Sweden affect the establishment of IoT solutions in HSCWB. We then show how these conditions have generated three distinctive development patterns—to innovate within the public sector, to develop solutions in the private care sector, or to target the wellbeing sector to avoid regulatory setbacks. Based on these patterns, we look closer into study cases to show how business opportunities have been addressed from a business network perspective. When deploying an IoT service, not all critical challenges can be appreciated at a single firm level. Therefore, we rely on a network-level business model framework to analyze emerging IoT services in HSCWB. The findings suggest that IoT components can improve an existing service by automating internal working processes, or they can enable new value propositions and convenience to end users. In general terms, the collaboration can be used (i) to improve the efficiency of existing services in health and social care without an original intention to change the service offering, or (ii) to create novelty and differentiation, without affecting the internal logics of existing HSCWB services. / <p>QC 20180828</p> / IoT Ecosystems (VINNOVA) / COIN-SWEAT / MTC2020 / M2MRISE

Abstract Background The major mobile infrastructure incumbent vendors form an oligopoly of mobile technology leaders that have not changed their business models significantly as new mobile technology generations have been introduced since 1980. The introduction of 5G and research in 6G have created uncertainty calling for openness, disaggregation of software from hardware, and variety of industrial customers. The incumbent vendors need to innovate technology and business model (BM) to increase their chances of survival. Objectives This thesis aims to investigate how mobile network infrastructure incumbent vendors use business model innovation (BMI) in context of uncertainties related to 5G &amp; 6G disruptive innovation. The purpose of the thesis is to refine the extant theory of BMI and to provide practitioners with recommendations on how to use BMI in the nascent phase of disruptive innovation. Methodology The grounded theory research process based on an exploratory qualitative single-case holistic study is used. The primary data is collected from thirteen semi-structured interviews while supportive secondary data is publicly available and collected via the Internet. Using inductive reasoning the study data analysis process produced first-order concepts, second-order themes and aggregate dimensions used to refine and extend the initial theoretical framework for BMI process usage. Findings When faced with uncertainty of disruptive innovation, the industry incumbents use the scenario-driven thinking to simultaneously develop a portfolio of BMs both by in-house diversification and by mergers and acquisitions. The management of BMI process leads to foreseeing and leveraging of both the internal resources and external resources. The internal resources are developed using BM ambidexterity, double ambidexterity, and intra-organizational learning, The external resources are developed via business ecosystems development and open BM innovation. Development of the resources creates unique managerial challenges related to ambidexterity, coopetition, and cultural transformation. Conclusions Our study provides the empirical grounds for a model of BMI usage by industry incumbents. Our model extends the scope of the extant theoretical discussions and provides details supported with rich empirical evidence from the nascent phase of technological disruption. The emphasis is on the firm’s dynamics that deal with multiple BMs and their innovation. We argue that while studying the process of single BMI is beneficial, the full understanding of BMI can be achieved only by covering the management of interactions and interdependencies among multiple simultaneous BMIs. Recommendations for future research Multiple-case studies to cover other industries would be beneficial to achieve generalization. Also, the longitudinal approach should be used in future studies to understand the impact of the BMI process management choices in the nascent phase on the survival and performance of the incumbents.

Det finns ett stort behov av elektrifiering av transportsektorn då en offensiv klimatpolitik ställer höga krav på minskade utsläpp från personbilar. För att lyckas med övergången till en fordonsflotta med lägre koldioxidutsläpp, är utbyggnad av den publika laddningsinfrastrukturen en nyckelfaktor. Den publika laddningsinfrastrukturenär ett komplext system där aktörer måste överväga relationer med flera aktörer, och kan därmed betraktas ur ett affärsekosystemsperspektiv. Studien syftar således till att öka förståelsen för publik laddningsinfrastruktur i Sverige utifrån ett affärsekosystemsperspektiv, och hur tillväxtpotentialen kan förbättras för att möjliggöra en framgångsrik övergång till elfordon. Studien är av explorativ karaktär och har samlat in data för att besvara studiens syfte genom en empirisk fallstudie, semistrukturerade intervjuer och en litteraturöversikt. Resultatet indikerar att de största utmaningarna för utvecklingen av publik laddningsinfrastruktur är att affärsekosystemet är fragmenterat, det finns avsaknad av standarder, och det råder brist på kapacitet i det svenska elnätet. Majoriteten av utmaningarna anses däremot vara möjliga att lösa genom samevolution. Som stöttepelare är det laddstationsoperatörens uppgift är att utforma strategier som gynnar samtliga samarbetspartners, och således samevolution. På grund av systemets framväxande karaktär bör laddstationsoperatörer även eftersträva färre, men starkare sammanlänkade, samarbetspartners. Vidare bör beslutsfattare se över regleringar och lagar som inte är anpassade för samhällets elektrifiering, och förslagsvis bevilja undantag för frågor som berör publik laddningsinfrastruktur. Genom bidrag och stöd kan beslutsfattare även möjliggöra självorganisering, och således utveckling av publik laddningsinfrastruktur. I takt med att marknaden mognar bör beslutsfattarnas involvering minska i syfte att öka affärsekosystemets självorganisering, effektivitet och produktivitet. Denna studie bidrar till teorin genom att utifrån ett affärsekosystemsperspektiv öka förståelsen för hur organisationer som är omslutande av ett sammanlänkat system integrerar i sina gemensamma ansträngningar för att uppnå en framgångsrik övergång till elfordon. / An offensive climate policy places a high demand on reducing emissions from passenger cars. Consequently, there is an urgency for an electrified transport sector. The expansion of the public charging infrastructure is a key success factor for the transition toward a vehicle fleet with lower carbon dioxide emissions. However, the public charging infrastructure is a complex system where organisations must consider relationships with companies from different industries and can advantageously be viewed from a business ecosystem perspective. Hence, the purpose of this study is to increase the understanding of the public charging infrastructure in Sweden from a business ecosystem perspective, and how the growth potential can be improved to enable an increased transition to electric vehicles. To fulfill the purpose, an exploratory study has been conducted, and data has been collected through an extensive empirical case study, semi-structured interviews, and a review of existing literature. The results indicate that the lack of capacity in the Swedish electricity network, the fragmented business ecosystem, and the lack of standards, are the biggest obstacles to the development of the public charging infrastructure. These challenges can partly be managed through coevolution. As a keystone player, the charge point operator has a responsibility to effectively create strategies that benefit all partners. Due to the emerging and agile nature of the system, charge point operators should further strive for fewer, and strongly linked partnerships. Furthermore, decision- and policymakers should review regulations and policies associated with the electrification of society, and grant exceptions concerning the public charging infrastructure. In addition, they can enable the development of public charging infrastructure, through grants and support. However, as the public charging infrastructure matures, decision makers' involvement should decrease to increase the business ecosystem's self-organisation, efficiency, and productivity. This study contributes to theory by increasing the understanding of how organisations integrate their joint efforts, to achieve a transition, from a businessecosystem perspective.