Texte remanié de: Dissertation Ph. D. / Bibliogr. p. 231-251.

Thèse (Ph. D.)--Université Laval, 2008. / Titre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 12 janvier 2009). Bibliogr.

Cette thèse porte sur l’étude d’un groupe socio-professionnel, les avocats, et leurs pratiques professionnelles de la communication et leurs usages des médias en France de 1945 à nos jours. Longtemps situé hors de la sphère marchande, on assiste au développement d’un marché du droit mondialisé, complexe et concurrentiel qui bouleverse l'exercice de la profession d'avocat. Ce changement du biotope a rendu la communication indispensable. La profession a pris acte de cette nécessité et a assoupli progressivement ses règles déontologiques en ce sens. La pratique ordinaire de communication des avocats reste déficitaire. Nous privilégierons d’abord, une approche générale, la communication de l’instance représentative de la profession, le Conseil national des barreaux, agissant comme source mandatée dans l’arène médiatique. Nous analyserons les stratégies mobilisées dans le cadre de cette communication institutionnelle pour promouvoir, influencer la représentation médiatique de la profession et élargir son périmètre d’action. Néanmoins, à côté de cette pratique ordinaire de communication déficitaire, deux typologies d’acteurs que constitue cette profession réglementée font exception. Nous explorerons la communication et l’utilisation des médias par les cabinets d’avocats d’affaires et les pénalistes ténors du barreau. Nous nous intéresserons aux procédés utilisés, aux stratégies et pratiques médiatiques mises en oeuvre et aux objectifs poursuivis. / This thesis focuses on a socio-professional entity (lawyers) and their professional practice of communication and use of the media in France from 1945 until the present. The law stayed during a long period outside the market sphere. But recently a new market (of the law) has emerged: this market is worldwide, complex and very competitive. The legal profession has been impacted deeply by this recent development, which has rendered communications necessary. The legal profession is aware of this change and has progressively softened the ethical rules in this regard. To start, we will focus on the representative authority of the profession, the National Council of Bar, which acts as a mandatory source in the media. We will notably analyse the strategies used within the framework of this institution’s communications in order to promote, to influence the representation of the profession in the media and to enhance the perimeter of action of this institution. While lawyers’ ordinary use of communications remains minimal, there are two exceptions in the legal profession: corporate law firms and high-profile lawyers involved in criminal cases. We will study these two categories of actors: their manner of using communications and their use of the media, and we will describe the processes, the strategies, and behaviours toward the media, as well as the objectives targeted.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Este trabalho busca apresentar a trajetÃria dos gabinetes de leitura fundados nas cidades de Sobral Granja Ipu Camocim e ViÃosa a partir da consulta a jornais livros de memÃrias e entrevistas Procura tambÃm analisar o processo de constituiÃÃo dos acervos dos gabinetes de leitura de Ipu e Camocim cujo paradeiro foi possÃvel identificar A partir deles buscamos discutir a constituiÃÃo de uma rede de comunicaÃÃo configurada em torno da circulaÃÃo do objeto livro pelas cidades da regiÃo norte do Cearà reconstituindo os caminhos percorridos desde os locais de produÃÃo e publicaÃÃo passando pelas livrarias localizadas nos principais centros distribuidores do comÃrcio livreiro nacional atà a chegada aos leitores e aos acervos dos gabinetes de leitura da regiÃo norte do Cearà Neste esforÃo procuramos evidenciar a existÃncia de estabelecimentos ligados à venda de livros na regiÃo apontando as firmas comerciais como importantes pontos de distribuiÃÃo de livros didÃticos manuais litÃrgicos e textos devocionais e mais raramente obras literÃrias â romances As tipografias tambÃm se apresentam como pontos de distribuiÃÃo e produÃÃo de livros na regiÃo Ao fim discutimos a inserÃÃo dos gabinetes de leitura na memÃria local / This work try to present the trajectory of the reading cabinets founded in the cities of Sobral Granja Ipu Camocim and ViÃosa by newspapers books of memories and interviews It also tries to analyze the process of constitution of the collections of the reading cabinets of Ipu and Camocim whose whereabouts was possible to identify Starting from them we discuss the set up around the movement of the object book by the cities of the north area of Cearà retracing the paths taken from the production places and publication going by the bookstores located in main Centers distributors of the readers and the collections of the reading cabinets in the north region of Cearà In this effort we tried to demonstrate the existence of establishment connected with the sale of books in the area aiming to commercial firms as important points of distribution of didactic books liturgical manuals and devotional texts and more rarely literary works â novels The typographies are also seen as point of distribution and production of books in the region At the end we discussed the inclusion of the reading cabinets in the local memory

Detta projekt gick ut på att undersöka möjligheterna för integrerade gångjärn till köksluckor samt att försöka ta fram en möjlig lösning. Under projektets inledande fas faktainsamlingen undersöktes dagens lösningar, diverse material och tillverkningsmetoder samt tribologi. Kundkrav identifierades som sedan låg till grun-den för funktionsanalysen, dessa funktioner rangordnades. De tre högst prioriterade egenskaperna var dold öppning, monteringsmöjlighet och justeringsmöjlighet. Dessa rangordnade funktionerna användes till idégenereringen och olika koncept togs fram, bland dessa koncept valdes ett som sedan bearbetades i flera iterationer med hjälp av CAD-program och prototyping till ett förfinat koncept som blev projektets resultat. / This project intended purpose was to examine the possibilities with integrated hinges for kitchen cabinet doors and try to develop a plausible solution. The project started with benchmarking and thereafter researching different materials, manufacturing methods and lubricants. Customer demands was also identified and these demands where used for the function analysis. These functions where the backbone of the morphological matrix used in the concept generating process that led to sex different concept ideas, one concept idea was chosen and developed in to one nearly finished product.

À travers le monde, il existe encore des attitudes discriminantes chez des dentistes, des étudiants ou des patients envers des personnes ayant des infections transmissibles par le sang comme celles causées par le virus de l’immunodéficience humaine, le virus de l’hépatite B ou le virus de l’hépatite C. De plus, aucune étude québécoise ou même canadienne récente n’a été faite à ce sujet. But : Le but du projet de recherche était d’évaluer les connaissances sur les risques de transmission d’infections et les attitudes des patients et des étudiants de dernière année de médecine dentaire du Québec et d’établir si des associations existaient entre ces variables. Matériel et méthodes : Des questionnaires distincts ont été construits à partir de ceux utilisés dans des études comparables conduites à l’étranger. Les questionnaires incluaient des choix de réponse de type fermé et des échelles de niveau d’accord par rapport à des énoncés. Soixante-neuf étudiants de dernière année de médecine dentaire de l’Université de Montréal ainsi que de l’Université Laval ont participé au projet de recherche (taux de participation de 56,6 %) et cent-quarante-deux patients de la clinique de Résidence Multidisciplinaire de l’Université Laval ont été recrutés. Des analyses descriptives ont permis de décrire les populations étudiées et les associations possibles entre les variables ont été analysées en utilisant la corrélation de Spearman, letest de Wilcoxon ainsi que le test de Kruskal-Wallis. Résultats : Les connaissances des étudiants et des patients étaient limitées et les attitudes discriminantes étaient exprimées par 17,4 % des étudiants et 41,8 % des patients. Aucune association statistiquement significative n’a été notée entre les connaissances et les attitudes des étudiants (p > 0,05)alors qu’il y en avait une pour les patients (p < 0,05). Conclusions : Dans les limites de cette étude transversale, les connaissances des étudiants n’avaient pas d’effet sur leurs attitudes, alors que les connaissances des patients affectaient leurs attitudes. De meilleures connaissances au sujet de la transmission d’infections en cabinet dentaire pourraient s’avérer bénéfiques tant pour les patients que pour les étudiants. / Worldwide, negative attitudes still remain from dentists, students or patients concerningpeople infected with blood borne pathogens (human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis Bvirus and hepatitis C virus). Furthermore, there is no actual study from Quebec or any recentCanadian study regarding this topic. Aim: To evaluate the knowledge and attitudes towardthe risk of transmission of infections in dentistry and to see if an association exists betweenthese variables. The studied population was patients and senior year dental students fromQuebec. Methods: Distinct questionnaires were developed from those used in other similarstudies. The questionnaires included closed-ended questions and Likert-type scaleevaluations of agreement with statements. Sixty-nine senior year dental students fromUniversity of Montreal and Laval University (participation rate of 56.6 %) and one hundredforty-two patients from the Multidisciplinary Residency Program of Laval University wereincluded in the study. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the studied population andthe possible associations between variables were analyzed using the Spearman correlation,the Wilcoxon Test as well as the Kruskal-Wallis Test. Results: The students’ knowledgeand the patients’ knowledge were both limited and negative attitudes were expressed by17.4 % of the students and 41.8 % of the patients. There was no significant statisticalassociation between the knowledge and the attitudes of the students (p > 0,05). However,there was for the patients (p < 0,05). Conclusions: In the limit of this cross-sectional study,the knowledge of the students did not affect their attitudes while the knowledge of thepatients did. Educational efforts are needed to enhance and increase the knowledge of bothpatients and students about the risk of transmission of infections in dental settings.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:32:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luna Abrano Bocchi.pdf: 13187559 bytes, checksum: d6910bd088ddf9b87ca95d28149af7da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research aims to investigate the configuration of suitable places for teaching science in the early twentieth century, more specifically, how this process occurred at Colégio Marista Arquidiocesano de São Paulo, between the years 1908 and 1940. Both elementary and middle-school levels were analyzed and it was acknowledged that they had very different trajectories. However, these segments had in common the concern with the development of the senses of both children and young adults. In middleschool level the main concern can be related to science education and practical proposals. On the other hand, the elementary school was based on intuitive teaching. The observation, practical work and experimentation have been included among the dally activities of the school and should take place in appropriate locations, where it would be possible to keep teaching materials, as well as to propose practical situations with students. In this context, there were the establishment of school museums, cabinets and laboratories inside the school. These development were not only an indication that Colégio Marista Arquidiocesano de São Paulo followed the government guidelines but also the proof that they were a symbol of modern pedagogy. It could also be considered as advertising for the school / A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar a configuração de locais próprios para o ensino de ciências no início do século XX, mais especificamente, como esse processo ocorreu no Colégio Marista Arquidiocesano de São Paulo, entre os anos de 1908 e 1940. Foi abarcado o ensino primário e o secundário e, mesmo reconhecendo que tiveram trajetórias bem diversas, esses segmentos de ensino tiveram em comum uma preocupação com a educação dos sentidos das crianças e dos jovens. Se no secundário essa preocupação pode ser relacionada com o ensino de ciências e as propostas práticas e experimentais, no primário foi marcada pela proposta do ensino intuitivo. A observação, o trabalho prático e a experimentação foram incluídos dentre os fazeres da escola e deveriam acontecer em locais apropriados, onde seria possível tanto manter os materiais de ensino, quanto propor situações práticas com os alunos. Neste contexto, foram criados os museus escolares, os gabinetes e laboratórios de ensino. Estes locais, além de serem um indício de que o Colégio Arquidiocesano seguia as orientações governamentais, também eram símbolo de uma pedagogia moderna e serviam, inclusive, de propaganda da instituição escolar

Univ., Diss.--Hamburg, 2006.

La profession comptable libérale, caractérisée pendant longtemps par des évolutions relativement lentes, est confrontée à des défis stratégiques majeurs pour aligner durablement sa performance sur les réalités et les mutations de l'environnement. Dans ce contexte, la profession comptable se doit d'anticiper, de réfléchir aux futurs souhaitables pour ne plus subir les événements en adoptant une logique entrepreneuriale. Pour préparer les cabinets de demain, l'innovation est un facteur clé pour consolider, voire améliorer leur performance sur le long terme. La présente thèse étudie la contribution de l'innovation, menée dans le cadre d'une démarche prospective stratégique, à la performance durable de la profession comptable. Combinant une phase qualitative (notre expérience professionnelle en cabinets comptables de 1991 à 2009) et une phase quantitative basée sur un questionnaire de recherche (146 répondants), la thèse met en évidence l'existence de nombreuses innovations et leur impact sur quatre dimensions de la performance durable dans les cabinets comptables en France. / Accounting profession characterized for a long time by relatively slow changes is facing major strategic challenges to sustainably align its performance on the realities and changing environment. In this context, the accounting profession has to anticipate, think about the desirable future and not to suffer any more the events. Therefore, it must adopt an entrepreneurial logic. To prepare the firms of tomorrow, innovation is a key factor to consolidate or improve their performance on the long term. This thesis examines the contribution of innovation, conducted as part of a strategic prospective approach to sustainable performance of the liberal accounting profession. Combining qualitative phase (our experience in several accounting firms from 1991 to 2009) and a quantitative phase based on a research questionnaire (146 respondents), the thesis highlights the existence of numerous innovations and their influence on the sustainable performance in French accounting firms.

Cette thèse a pour objet d’étudier les tensions que traversent les activités de services professionnels (audit, conseil...) depuis une trentaine d’années, à travers le prisme des enjeux d’équilibre de vie. Alors que ces entreprises sont mises en cause dans les medias pour leurs pratiques managériales encourageant leurs salariés à se dépasser sans cesse, elles n’ont jamais été aussi actives dans leur communication sur les enjeux de qualité de vie au travail. A travers l’analyse des travaux existants, nous montrons que le système incitatif en up- or-out des organisations professionnelles repose sur le présupposé que les professionnels aspirent principalement à être récompensés de leurs efforts par des bonus et des promotions. A travers l’analyse de 58 récits de carrière de consultants, nous identifions deux autres dimensions clés de leur expérience au travail : la nature des projets qui leurs sont assignés et l’équilibre de vie. Nous explicitons les techniques qu’ils mettent en œuvre pour tenter de répondre à ces aspirations. Dans un deuxième temps, après avoir analysé le discours managérial en vigueur dans 9 cabinets sur ces questions, nous décrivons - à travers l’étude comparative de deux cabinets de conseil – les ajustements qu’ils mettent en place pour mieux les soutenir. Nous discutons l’ampleur de la remise en cause du modèle d’organisation traditionnel de ces entreprises par ces évolutions, dans un contexte où elles sont de plus en plus menacées, que ce soit par une faible croissance de leurs activités, une pression sur les coûts, la sophistication de la demande des clients ou par un phénomène d’uberisation qui touche de façon croissante les services professionnels. / This thesis aims at studying the tensions that professional service firms (audit firms, consultancies...) have been facing for the past thirty years, through the lens of work-life balance. While these firms are increasingly questioned in the media for their managerial practices that encourage their salaries to excel themselves; they have never been so active in communicating on quality of work-life. Through a review of the literature, I show that the up- or-out incentive system of professional organisations lies on the assumption that professionals all mostly aspire to see their commitment rewarded by bonuses and promotions. Through the analysis of 58 consultants’ career stories, I identify two additional dimensions of their experience at work: the nature of the projects they are assigned and work-life balance. Then, the techniques they use to fulfil these aspirations are described. Second, after studying the managerial discourse on work-life balance in 9 consultancies, through the comparative case study of two firms I analyse the adjustments they have implemented to accommodate individual needs. I discuss the extent to which these evolutions challenge the traditional organisation of professional service firms, at a time when they are increasingly threatened by low levels of growth in the industry; pressure on cost; the sophistication of clients’ demands and the uberisation of the economy, which has also reached professional services.