Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-02-20T12:58:09Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO_VERSÃO FINAL_RENATA GOMES MENDES_UFPE.pdf: 1676208 bytes, checksum: 522afbbba7aa9e69efcc5f019ddcbfa6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-20T12:58:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO_VERSÃO FINAL_RENATA GOMES MENDES_UFPE.pdf: 1676208 bytes, checksum: 522afbbba7aa9e69efcc5f019ddcbfa6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-09 / A necessidade de se obter conhecimento tem aumentado com o surgimento das novas tecnologias que facilitam o acesso à informação. Os órgãos e entidades públicas, há algum tempo, despertaram para a necessidade de informar ao cidadão os serviços prestados e suas ações. Para tanto, a sociedade civil tem acompanhado a implantação de políticas de transparência que vêm sendo adotadas por meio da promulgação de legislação que contemple, reforce e amplie a transparência. Assim, a Carta de Serviço ao Cidadão surge como mais um instrumento de informação ao cidadão. Sua implantação, no entanto, precede do conhecimento adequado dos processos de negócios, o que em muitos casos impede sua confecção e implementação. Desse modo, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um método que possibilite descrever as etapas da prestação do serviço que deve compor a Carta de Serviço ao Cidadão a partir do modelo (desenho) do processo de negócio desenvolvido na notação BPMN, mais especificamente os fluxos de mensagens trocadas no processo com o(s) seu(s) participante(s) externo(s). O produto do método é um template que foi aqui especificado a partir de regras de produção que, ao percorrer o fluxo de controle do processo, descreve os serviços da Carta. Assim, a Carta gerada a partir desse template estará em conformidade com o processo de negócio. A pesquisa se classifica como descritiva e adota as estratégias da pesquisa documental, aplicada e estudo de caso. A validação do template ocorreu a partir do estudo de caso com modelos de processos de negócios disponibilizados pela Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). Como resultado foi possível constatar que o template, além de compatibilizar os processos de negócios com a Carta, está aderente ao seu propósito inicialmente idealizado. Ou seja, de retratar a realidade dos serviços prestados pelos órgãos públicos, a partir da descrição dos seus processos de negócios, como determina o Decreto 6.932/2009. Tal iniciativa permitirá mais transparência no serviço público, possibilitando, assim, um melhor entendimento por parte dos cidadãos e demais envolvidos sobre o funcionamento dos órgãos públicos. Isso poderá garantir uma maior participação e controle social, que é um dos objetivos propostos pela Carta de Serviços ao Cidadão. / The necessity of obtaining knowledge has increased with the emergence of new technologies that facilitate access to information. Public institutions and authorities have been aware for some time of the need to inform the citizens about its services and actions. To this end, civil society has been monitoring the implementation of transparency policies that have been adopted through the enactment of laws that address, strengthen and deepen transparency. Thus, the Citizen Service Charter emerges as another instrument of information to citizens. Its implementation, however, is preceded by the proper knowledge of business processes, which in many cases prevents its design and implementation. Thus, the aim of this dissertation is to present a method that allows describe steps services provided the Citizen Service Charter from the template (design) of the business process developed in BPMN notation, more specifically the message flows exchanged between the process with the is the participant(s) foreign(s). The product of the method is a template that was specified here from production rules, which describe the Charter to by going through the process control flow. Hence, the Charter described from the template will always be in conformity with business process. The research is classified as descriptive and adopts the documentary research, applied and case study strategies. The template validation has occurred from a case study of business process models of the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE). As a result, it was established that the template, in addition to compatibilizing business processes with the Charter is connected to its initially idealized purpose. That is, to portray the reality of services provided by public agencies from the description of their business processes, as determined by Decree 6932/2009. This initiative allows greater transparency in public service and a better understanding by citizens and other stakeholders on the functioning of a public agency. This ensures more participation and social control, which is one of the goals proposed by the Citizen Service Charter.

O objetivo central da pesquisa é compreender o surgimento dos chamados fretados, os motivos de sua consolidação, suas características e seu significado no cotidiano dos transportes macrometropolitanos. A dissertação busca num primeiro momento analisar a rede urbana paulista e seu processo de metropolização, apresentando os diversos entendimentos e leituras desse fenômeno. Também se destaca a importância dos transportes no processo de metropolização e a implantação dos sistemas técnicos e administrativos da infra-estrutura de transporte de passageiros, tendo como premissa os conceitos de acessibilidade e mobilidade. Os fluxos de passageiros são analisados mediante suas modalidades, origens, destinos e densidades, especialmente os deslocamentos pendulares, um dos principais elementos da vida de relações da rede urbana paulista, que muitas vezes utiliza os fretados como suporte. Outra questão fundamental abordada é o entendimento da alta demanda das viagens diárias, que integram toda a Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Nota-se aqui uma crise dos transportes e uma busca por alternativas à crise. Nesse contexto, procuramos identificar os impactos positivos e negativos da ação dos fretados, assim como buscamos analisar o ponto de vista dos órgãos reguladores das empresas prestadoras desses serviços, de seus contratantes e usuários. / The main objective of this research is to comprehend the origins of charterers, the reasons of its consolidation, its characteristics and its meaning on macrometropolitan transportation. At first, this dissertation intends to analyse São Paulos urban network and its process of metropolization, by presenting some understandings and readings about this phenomenon. By having the concepts of acessibility and mobility as a premiss, its also of main importance to look at the implantation of technical and administrative systems related to the passengers transport infrastructure. The flowing of passengers is analysed by its origins, destinies, densities and especially by pendulous orientations, one of the most important elements on São Paulos urban network of relationships, using charteres as a support. Also, an understanding is made on the high demand of daily trips that intregrates the entire São Paulos Metropolitan Region. We can see a transportation crisis aproaching and a pursuance of alternatives to it. In this context, we can identify the positive and negative impacts of the charteres, and at the same time analyse the various points of views of users, public and private hirers, and companies that offer the service.

O Manuscrito Espagnol 30, mais popularmente conhecido como Atlas Catalão, é um objeto de difícil catalogação, mas com importância reconhecida pelas diversas áreas do saber que se debruçam sobre ele. A predominância da parte geográfica, o mapamúndi que ocupa quatro das seis folhas do Manuscrito, o coloca entre os objetos mais estudados pela Historia da Cartografia, uma vez que suas características permitem classifica-lo entre as Cartas Portulano, produto cartográfico que se tornou comum no século XIV, principalmente no comércio mediterrâneo controlado pela Catalunha, na figura de Pedro IV, de Aragão, cuja família de longa data mantinha relações com a família do judeu Cresques Abraham, possível autor do Manuscrito produzido em Maiorca e produzindo cartas Portulano com tamanha frequência que se chegou a cogitar a existência de uma Escola Cartográfica na ilha. A leitura de suas características cartográficas enfatiza a questão da técnica utilizada para a obtenção do desenho de um plano da Terra, no caso, o perfil mediterrâneo, quase com a mesma perfeição obtida com a técnica disponível hoje. As duas folhas restantes do Manuscrito são entendidas como sendo Cosmografia, uma vez que representam, em seu Calendário, a ordem aristotélica do Cosmos, além da divisão da esfera pelo ano solar. Como um manuscrito medieval, suas fontes são de difícil identificação. Por outro lado, a ausência de identificação de procedência em suas folhas favoreceu no sentido de um aprofundar-se na historia da produção cartográfica na Ilha de Maiorca durante o século XIV e na cotidianidade da comunidade judaica que o produziu. Do cotejamento entre a cotidianidade da comunidade produtora do Manuscrito com a historiografia desenvolvida pela Leitura Cartográfica resultou uma série de dados, principalmente em relação às atividades desenvolvidas pela comunidade judaica de Maiorca, materializados neste estudo que discorre sobre o Padrão Cartográfico Portulano, as fontes disponíveis na comunidade judaica e a necessidade de se considerar a unidade pictórica de um Manuscrito Medieval quando de sua leitura. Esta pesquisa busca ainda equacionar a situação histórica que poderia explicar a hipótese de existência de uma escola e de um estilo cartográfico na produção maiorquina a partir da biblioteca documentada na comunidade judaica, entendendo que parte desta biblioteca possa ter sido utilizada como fonte do Manuscrito e justificativa de seu programa pictórico, conclusão desta investigação. / The Manuscript Espagnol 30, more popularly known as \"Catalan Atlas\" is an object of difficult cataloging, but has its importance recognized for several areas of knowledge that focus on it. The predominance of the geographical part , the world map which occupies four of the six Manuscript leaves, places it among the most studied objects of the Cartography History, once their characteristics allow it ranks among the Portulano Charter, cartographic product that has become common in the XIV century, mainly in the Mediterranean trade controlled by Catalonia, in the figure of Pedro IV of Aragon, whose family had longstanding relationships with the family of the jew Cresques Abraham, possible author of the Manuscript produced in Mallorca and producing Portulano Charters with such frequency that it was considered the existence of a \"Cartographic School\" on the island. The reading of their cartographic characteristics emphasizes the issue of the technique used for obtaining a drawing earth plane, in this case, the Mediterranean profile, almost with the same perfection obtained with the available techniques today. The two remaining leaves of the manuscript are defined as Cosmography, since it represents in its calendar the Aristotelian order of the Cosmos, besides the sphere division by the solar year. As a medieval manuscript, its sources are difficult to identify. On the other hand, the lack of identification of its origin in their leaves assist towards a deepening in the history of cartography production on the Mallorca island during the XIV century and in everyday life of the Jewish community that produced it. From the confront between the day by day of producing community Manuscript with historiography developed by Cartographic Reading resulted a series of data, especially in relation to the activities of the Jewish community of Majorca, materialized in this study that discusses about the Standard cartographic Portulano, the sources available in Jewish community and the need to consider the pictorial unity of a Medieval Manuscript when reading it. This research also seeks to equate the historical situation which could explain the hypothesis of a school and a cartographic style in Majorcan production based in the documented library of the Jewish community, understanding that part of this library may have been used as a source of the Manuscript and a justification for its pictorial program, conclusion of this investigation.

Among the features that distinguish British Columbia’s mental health laws from those in other provinces in Canada is that they accord a high level of discretion to psychiatrists to impose involuntary treatment on patients who have the mental capacity to withhold consent to this treatment. In this research I examine the nature of the medico-legal regime in British Columbia that permits this coercive treatment, describe how it came into existence, and explore how it works in the lives of specific patients. Michel Foucault’s philosophy informs the historical, theoretical, and empirical dimensions of this research and provides a framework for a normative critique of British Columbia’s mental health law regime. In establishing the background to British Columbia’s current mental health laws, I give a historical account of the social forces that produced this province’s laws, which reflect a strong orientation toward neurobiological psychiatric ways of understanding and treating people diagnosed as having mental disorders. Foucault’s writings on governmentality, discourse and human agency provide the theoretical basis in this research for understanding the operation of psychiatric power in British Columbia. These writings also inform the methodology for the analysis of institutional discourse, which I use in the empirical component of this research. In order to conduct an empirical investigation of this British Columbia’s current mental health law regime, I gathered data from transcripts of three administrative tribunal hearings before the Mental Health Review Board of British Columbia and two other decisions from hearings before that board for which transcripts were not available. In these hearings, patients who had been subjected to involuntary psychiatric treatment orders under mental health legislation sought release from detention by challenging the psychiatrists who had issued the orders. The Review Board is legislatively empowered to affirm these orders or discharge the patients from involuntary psychiatric treatment. I use critical discourse analysis to analyze discursive exchanges between patients, psychiatrists and other participants at the hearings, exchanges that disclose power relations between the participants and have significant effects in shaping the outcomes for the patients. My critical discourse analysis of the transcript data and Review Board decisions discloses discriminatory and prejudicial psychiatric practices shaped by British Columbia’s mental health laws. This research lays the groundwork for a normative framework, based on Foucault’s writings on ethics and relational agency, for understanding patients’ rights to consensual medical treatment that overcomes problems associated with traditional liberal conceptions of individual rights and is a philosophically coherent basis for making recommendations to change British Columbia’s mental health law regime. / Graduate

Constitutional Development in American Colonies (Summary) This thesis pertains to constitutional development in North American Colonies in the respective historical context. The thesis is structured chronologically, commencing with the early attempts of British colonization in the 16th century, and follows through the 17th century to the adoption of the Constitution of the United States of America in 1789. Moreover, the thesis also reflects the geographical aspect, focusing first at New England Colonies, then at Mid Atlantic colonies, and finally at Southern Colonies, proceeding in the usual way from the North to the South. The beginning of the thesis (the second chapter) indicates the English colonization attempts in the 16th century and the Royal Patents issued by the King, which authorized their holders to take over and colonize new territories.The third chapter deals with the beginnings of New England Colonies and the continuous development of their central administration bodies, pointing at the content of selected significant constitutional documents of this period. In the fourth chapter, the thesis focuses at the constitutional development of New England Colonies in the second half of the 17th century, which was completed by the creation of unified administration of all colonies in this area in the...

The purpose of this study was to quantify core academic middle school teachers’ (English/language arts, mathematics, science, and social science) perspectives of career education. Prior research denotes that if career education exposure and awareness is provided in middle school grades, then students have the potential to develop a valuable understanding of various occupations available in the future (Akos, Konold, & Niles, 2004). Students observe what the work accomplishes and the effort required for the employee to be successful. If the occupation interests the students, then an increased motivation to complete their studies is likely to develop as they see the connection between what is taught in class and the opportunity for the desired career (Schaefer, & Rivera, 2012). In order to achieve that, the first step is to understand the teaching community’s viewpoint on career education and to use that knowledge to build successful programs. Teachers employed in a large school district in southeastern United States at the time of the study indicated their understanding of the concepts of future career orientation and career integration in its present state of use. The researcher distributed the tested CareerStart Teacher Perspective Survey (CTPS) and a selection of teacher related variables from charter, magnet, and traditional public middle schools to populate the study (n=199). Using ANOVA and regression analysis, the study found a significant difference in the value of future orientation and overall career education factors from males versus females. In addition, teachers ages 25-44 had a higher mean value for all factors than teachers of other age groups. There were no significant differences amongst teachers’ value of career education between the three different types of schools. This study contributes to the body of research pertaining to teacher perspectives of career education at the middle school level.

D.Litt. et Phil. (Public Management and Governance) / This study focuses on a framework for the sustainable policy implementation of the Mining Charter of 2002, with specific reference to the role of women in the South African mining industry. The goal of this empowerment charter is to create an industry that will reflect the promise of a non-racial South Africa. This includes ensuring a ten percent participation of women by 2009. The main research question addressed by this study is: What are the factors involved in determining the sustained implementation of the Mining Charter of 2002 and how can it be effectively implemented and strengthened in order to ensure the compliance by the mining employers in terms of the role and targets for women in the mining industry? The thesis provided an integrated focus on outputs in terms of implementing reform policies with regard to the employment of females in the mines. Furthermore, it investigates certain outcomes in terms of how the mining environment has adapted to female employment and policy conversion processes in terms of what the barriers are to the successful implementation of the Mining Charter of 2002. This ensured that both policy products and processes were subjected to systematic and integrative evaluation. The problem was also viewed from the current level of success in implementing similar empowerment policies in other countries, such as Australia, the United Kingdom, Japan, as well as certain African countries. The thesis also aimed to develop a substantive theory for an organisational change process in terms of the conditions of women working underground in the mines. This will enable mining employers to identify selected resource inputs, as well as process outputs and outcomes. Ultimately, this will ensure sustained compliance to the spirit and requirements of the Mining Charter, within the context of the transformation of the South African society and legislation as a whole. A modernist qualitative research methodology was followed, where casing was applied as the research design and grounded theory as the research strategy. A qualitative coding paradigm was developed in terms of the physical, social, cultural and psychological construction of employees in the mining environment’s perceptions, experiences, attitudes and behaviour with regard to the implementation of the Mining Charter of 2002. The findings of the empirical study generally indicated that the picture that scholars and role-players (for example the women working underground) paint on the South African mining industry with regard the employment of women in the mines – specifically in an underground environment – is not as bleak as one might think. However, some improvements are still needed in order to comply with targets, as well as creating better working conditions for women employed in the mining industry. The study contributed to the development of theory and research methodology. Furthermore, on a practical level, it contributed to the disciplinary fields of Public Management and Public Governance.

Magister Legum - LLM / This study assesses the development ofvictims' rights in the legislative and policy framework in South Africa. It is argued that although victims' rights are recognised more has to be done to concretise these rights.

Magister Legum - LLM / The international community saw the need to completely eradicate the use of torture and, as a result, adopted the 1984 Convention against Torture. The Convention obliges states to take effective legislative, judicial, and administrative and any other measures necessary to prevent acts of torture and other forms of ill-treatment within their jurisdictions. Cameroon, following the preamble of its Constitution, which prohibits torture in all its form, ratified the Convention in 1986 and other international treaties that deal with the prohibition of the use of torture. According to article 45 of the Constitution, duly ratified international treaties and conventions enter into force following their publication into the national territory. Cameroon has amended its Constitution and incorporated intoits domestic laws, provisions which prohibit the use of torture and other forms of ill-treatment. It goes further to prescribe appropriate penalties for public officials and other persons working in official capacity, who subject detainees and prison inmates to torture and other forms of ill-treatment.Despite all these instruments and mechanisms put in place to prevent and eradicate the use of torture and other forms of ill-treatment, this heinous crime continues to be widespread and is practiced systematically in almost all regions in the country and with impunity. This study will analyse whether Cameroon has put in place adequate constitutional and legal framework and mechanisms to guarantee the right to freedom from torture and other forms of ill-treatment for persons deprived of their liberty.

Magister Legum - LLM / This mini-thesis examines the issue of the implementation of the socio-economic rights provisions of the African Charter on Human and Peoples‘ Rights (ACHPR) at the national level, in a case study of Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). These rights which comprise the right to property, the right to work, the right to health, the right to education and the protection of the family and cultural rights in Articles 14 to 18 of the ACHPR are provided for and guaranteed in the DRC Constitution of 18 February 2006 in Articles 34 to 48 and, accordingly, are legally enforceable under the Constitution. This study was motivated by the fact that despite the enforceability of these rights under the DRC Constitution, the real situation in the DRC remains worrying in that the economic, social and cultural rights (ESCR) of the ACHPR are violated from day to day by the government. The majority of Congolese live in poverty, disease and ignorance; they lack jobs, food and other basic necessities, such as, water and electricity, in spite of DRC‘s abundant natural resources (such as, oil and gas); minerals (such as cobalt, vanadium, manganese, phosphate, and bauxite); iron ore; and precious tropical rain forests. This situation is due to certain reasons, including: bad governance; mismanagement of public finances by political authorities at the expense of the majority; lack or weakness of the institutions or organs of implementation; and the ignorance of the Congolese people about their socio-economic rights even if they are massively violated by their government. Consequently, the marginalisation of socio-economic rights which results in their non-protection and non-realisation in DRC leads to a low expectation of the State and Government by the people, corruption, exclusion, racism, xenophobia, inequality, diseases, poverty, a feeling of betrayal of the people, a crisis of state and governmental legitimacy, popular insurrections and civil war in the country. To prevent the above consequences requires the DRC State to comply with Article 1 of the ACHPR which declares that the Member States of the Organization of African Unity that are parties to the ACHPR shall recognise the rights, duties and freedoms enshrined in it and shall undertake to adopt legislative or other measures to give effect to them. In addition, as the ACHPR complements human rights protection at the domestic level where the rights protected in the Charter should be realised, it is important for DRC to ensure that the ESCR of the ACHPR protected in its Constitution are given full legal effect under domestic law, such that the Charter‘s rights are made justiciable.