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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Linguagem e desenho infantil : aspectos do desenvolvimento simbolico da criança surda e implicações terapeuticas / Language and children's drawing : aspects of deaf children symbolic development and its therapeutic implications

Araujo, Claudia Campos Machado 29 February 2008 (has links)
Orientador: Cristina Broglia Feitosa de Lacerda / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T03:30:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Araujo_ClaudiaCamposMachado_D.pdf: 2678819 bytes, checksum: df6c24d5ee63a4a5f57b42892ac031e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: O interesse pelo desenho infantil data dos fins do século XIX, e tem sido objeto de estudo de vários especialistas, pelo fato da representação pictográfica ser considerada um meio para o acompanhamento e compreensão do desenvolvimento da criança. O caminho a ser percorrido neste trabalho, pretende abordar o desenho, como uma das formas de representar, nomear e significar a realidade, visando ao desenvolvimento de linguagem da criança surda, como também a produção de novos conhecimentos e conseqüente atuação no cotidiano do trabalho fonoaudiológico. Para tanto, serão destacados conceitos da teoria Histórico-Cultural que abordam o funcionamento psíquico humano e sua constituição social, bem como o papel central da história e da cultura no desenvolvimento das funções psicológicas superiores, por meio da linguagem e da inserção da criança no circuito do simbólico. Com base no referencial de análise qualitativa, foram utilizados os construtos teóricos e metodológicos da perspectiva Histórico-Cultural e de sua articulação com a análise microgenética. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram duas crianças surdas bilíngües, em fase de aquisição tanto da língua de sinais, quanto da escrita da língua portuguesa, cursando a 2ª série do Ensino Fundamental. Ambas eram do sexo masculino, na faixa etária de 9 e 10 anos, e diagnóstico audiológico de surdez profunda bilateral. Os dados coletados ao longo de um ano contêm 30 horas de filmagem, e relatórios de 27 sessões semanais de 120 minutos (60 minutos destinados ao atendimento clínico-terapêutico e 60 minutos ao aprendizado e desenvolvimento da Língua Brasileira de Sinais). Os recortes dos episódios construídos destacaram a produção de desenhos e as relações obtidas com o gesto, a narrativa, o jogo, a escrita e a língua de sinais. O foco das análises privilegiou a emergência dos processos em mudança na dinâmica das interações entre os sujeitos que constituíram o espaço pesquisado, considerando o aspecto particular e global na sua ocorrência e constituição. Os resultados demonstraram os processos pelos quais as crianças, quando imersas no simbólico, principalmente na atividade do desenho, como recurso sígnico visual bastante utilizado, lançaram mão para demarcar seus modos de operar sobre, com e na linguagem. Mais especificamente, o desenho, como representação da realidade, assegurou a objetividade e a significação que a língua de sinais, ainda por ser incipiente, não conseguia transmitir. Ademais, o trabalho com o desenho, perpassado pelos processos interacionais e semióticos, possibilitou às crianças acessos iniciais à leitura e escrita da língua portuguesa, tão necessárias às práticas sociais cotidianas. Em suma, o desenho revelou-se como um instrumento facilitador e propulsor do desenvolvimento social, portanto, simbólico, significativo, interativo e cognoscitivo para a criança surda, constituindo-na como sujeito da/na/pela linguagem. De fato, o estudo sobre o tema, propicia profundidade ao olhar da prática clínica fonoaudiológica, e pode se configurar em uma linha de pesquisa aberta a novas e futuras interpretações / Abstract: The interest for children¿s drawing goes back to the last half of the Nineteenth Century and has been the object of several specialized studies because pictographic representation is considered a way for observing and understanding children¿s development. The present work intends to approach drawing, as one of the ways of representing, naming and signifying reality, aiming at promoting deaf children¿s language development, but also the production of new knowledge and the corollary effects in phonoaudiologic work¿s daily practices. With this aim in view, concepts of a Historic-Cultural theory that approach human psychic functioning and its social constitution, as well as the central role of history and culture in the development of higher psychological functions by means of language and children¿s introduction in the circuit of the symbolic. From the point of view of a qualitative analysis, theoretical and methodological constructs stemming from a Historic-Cultural perspective and its articulation with the microgenetic analysis were used. Research subjects were two male deaf children passing through a process of bilingual language acquisition - Brazilian sign language and the written modality of Brazilian Portuguese; both were second graders of Brazilian elementary education level, with ages between 9 and 10 years and both had an audiologic diagnosis of deep bilateral deafness. Data were gathered during a whole year and produced 30 hours of video, besides reports about 27 weekly sessions of 120 minutes each (60 minutes for physical-therapeutic assistance and 60 minutes for learning and development of Brazilian Sign Language). Sections of the constructed episodes were selected for analysis in order to emphasize the production of drawings and their relationships with gestures, narratives, games, writing and sign language. The focus of the analysis privileged the emergence of the changing processes happening in the dynamics of interactions between the research subjects, taking into account the particular and global aspects in its occurrence and constitution. Results brought to the surface the processes which the children mobilized, when immersed in the symbolic order, mainly through the drawing activity, as a very used signic visual apparatus, to establish their ways of operating on, with and in language. More specifically, drawings, as a representation of reality, assured the objectivity and the signification that sign language, due to being incipient, was not able to convey. Besides, the work with drawing, interlaced with interactive and semiotic processes, allowed the children a first access to reading and writing in Portuguese, a much-needed resource for daily social practices. To sum up, drawing proved to be an instrument able to promote and propel social, and therefore, symbolic, significant, interactive and cognitive, development for deaf children, making them subjects of, in, and through language. Thus, the study on this subject makes deeper the vantage point of phonoaudiologic clinical practice, and can configure a new trend of research open to new and future interpretations / Doutorado / Saude da Criança e do Adolescente / Mestre em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente
2

Různé psychologické aspekty dětské kresby / Various psychological aspects of children's drawings

Kotenová, Nikola January 2015 (has links)
This diploma thesis focuses on the psychological aspects of drawings of preschool children from complete and incomplete families. In the theoretical part the child's drawing is described as one of the basic manifestations of the semiotic function and it emphasized its importance in the process of cognitive maturation. Drawing is also taken into consideration as a projective diagnostic method. In the research part we interpret drawings by children of different ages in the preschool period with an emphasis on cognitive maturity of the individual and family relations with consideration to the projective function of drawings. The results may lead to a better understanding of children's perception thanks to the interpretation of various drawings.
3

Percepce seniorů adolescenty (DP je součástí širšího projektu) / Perception of older adolescents

KRŠKOVÁ, Michaela January 2011 (has links)
This thesis tries to show a view of current adolescents on older people. It focuses especially on attitudes and opinions which create an image of a senior in nowaday's society. The theoretical part which is divided into four chapters includes basic terms: these are widening general knowledge about discussed problematics. The most important terms appear in the first part - adolescence, old age and perception. They describe physical and psychical aspects and tendencies that are typical of both stages (relationship of an individual to himself or herself, adaptation to ageing, satisfaction in life and vitality in elderly). Attention is drawn to socialization process which allows larger integration of adolescents into social life. This area is strongly connected to the area of social relationships including both adolescents and seniors. Such relationships can be seen especially in families, among relatives, friends or peers and their intensity changes over time. Very important and highly debated topic is also discrimination of older people. This topic forms the final part of this thesis. The last chapter deals with meanings of children's drawing and follows units which form this meaning (colours, size of figure, quality of lines). This part also includes a research of perception of seniors which was made in the USA. The practical part shows seniors graphically pictured by students of the eighth classes. These pictures are completed by information obtained from questionaries. The conclusion compares results of both researches.
4

Obtíže při osvojování kresby u dětí v předškolním věku / Difficulties in drawing development in preschool age

Vyšínová, Pavlína January 2013 (has links)
Title: Difficulties in drawing development in preschool age Author: Pavlína Vyšínová Department: Department of Psychology Supervizor: PhDr. Miroslav Klusák, CSc. Abstract The submitted dissertation is focused on the observation of difficulties in the drawing development of preschool children. Drawing is a typical means of expression of a child, it is often considered as a spontaneous and natural activity. Nevertheless in the population of preschool children we may find some kids who do not draw at all, or they start to draw at a much later stage than it is common amongst the ordinary population, or they may also react negatively to drawing. Within this work a phenomenon in which the child's drawing distinctively does not correspond to his cognitive abilities due to the risk of a specific disability of drawing adoption (dyspinxia) or due to another crisis of imaging in the preschool age. The focus of the research lies in the processing of quantitative methods (intellectual abilities test, drawing tests), however additional information is also derived from the qualitative methods (anamnesis, interview, observation, essay). In the methodology a new evaluation system for the scoring of children's drawings regardless of the depicted theme is introduced. A part of the work also suggests an intervention for the...
5

Woodcuts 1946-1953 BY Kōsaka Gajin (1877-1953): The Discovery of Children's Art in Japan and German Expressionism

TOMITA, MIDORI 30 June 2003 (has links)
No description available.
6

Analýza žákovských znalostí prostřednictvím výtvarného vyjádření žáků 1. stupně ZŠ / Analysis of pupils' knowledge through the creative expression of pupils at first-stage elementary school

HEJLOVÁ, Milena January 2018 (has links)
This diploma thesis analyses pupils' knowledge of invertebrate animals. Knowledge was tested through pupils' drawings and an educational test. An analysis was also made on the textbooks the students were taught from. The research took place on a total of 186 pupils in first-stage elementary education at two elementary schools. The research results show what knowledge the pupils have of invertebrate animals.
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Desenho infantil: contribuições da educação infantil para o desenvolvimento do pensamento abstrato sob a perspectiva da psicologia histórico-cultural / Children\'s Drawing: contributions of Early Childhood Education towards the development of abstract thinking under the perspective of Historical-Cultural Psychology.

Trindade, Rafaela Gabani 04 April 2011 (has links)
A despeito dos avanços promovidos pela LDB 9394/96, que institui a Educação Infantil como primeira etapa da Educação Básica, assistimos ainda hoje à desvalorização pedagógica e à precarização das condições reservadas ao ensino pré-escolar, haja vista as baixas expectativas educativas que em geral se tem a seu respeito. Neste contexto, observamos também a frequente falta de fundamentação teórico-metodológica nas práticas educativas destinadas ao desenho infantil, seja pela secundarização da arte como ação elementar ao desenvolvimento humano, ou pela má qualidade da formação de professores na área. Em contraposição a este quadro, que incorre em práticas e discursos anti-escolares em relação a este segmento educacional, bem como a propostas espontaneístas ou estereotipadas de ensino do desenho, por vezes orientadas à livre-expressão ou à reprodução de imagens e treino de habilidades, este estudo emerge sobre as bases da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural para reafirmar a importância de um ensino promotor do desenvolvimento humano desde a mais tenra idade, reconhecendo a importância da atividade de desenho neste processo. Partimos do pressuposto de que os processos psíquicos superiores se desenvolvem por meio da interiorização dos signos e da formação de atividades qualitativamente diferentes, propriamente internas, e assim temos o início do desenvolvimento do pensamento abstrato nos primeiros anos de vida, quando a conduta da criança se torna cada vez mais independente em relação ao seu círculo imediato de ação e percepção. O desenho, prática muito frequente nas escolas, porém subaproveitada, é uma atividade em que a criança se utiliza de signos e que demanda a abstração de relações, guardando então a possibilidade para impulsionar a formação das funções psíquicas superiores. Dessa forma, buscamos investigar as contribuições do ensino do desenho na escola para o desenvolvimento do pensamento abstrato na infância. Para tanto, realizamos um estudo teórico-conceitual das obras de autores pertinentes à temática, sob o enfoque histórico-cultural, fundamentado no método materialista histórico-dialético. Procuramos, deste modo, fornecer subsídios teóricos próprios da ciência psicológica que conduzam à proposição de um trabalho pedagógico alicerçado na potencialidade do desenho para o máximo desenvolvimento da criança pequena nas instituições de Educação Infantil, somando esforços no sentido da consolidação da identidade político-pedagógica deste segmento educacional. / Despite the breakthroughs enabled by the passing of LDB 9394/96, which established Early Childhood Education as the first stage of Basic Education, pedagogical depreciation and precariousness of preschool teaching conditions can still be witnessed today, as shown by the low educational expectations held towards this initial level of education. In this context, it is also possible to observe the frequent lack of theoretical-methodological foundation in the educational practices directed at children\'s drawing, either due to the sidelining of art as an elementary action to human development or due to poor professional training. Contrary to this scenario - which falls within anti-school practices and discourses regarding this educational segment, as well as within spontaneous or stereotypical proposals of drawing teaching, at times directed to the free-expression or reproduction of images and training of abilities - this study emerges from the foundations of Historical-Cultural Psychology to reaffirm the importance of an education that promotes human development from the early ages in life, recognizing the importance of drawing in this process. Our premise is that the higher psychological processes are developed through the internalization of signs and the formation of qualitatively different activities, pinpointing the beginning of abstract thinking in the first years of life, when the child\'s conduct becomes growingly different with regards to its immediate circle of action and perception. Drawing, a very frequent but underutilized practice at school, is an activity through which the child utilizes signs and encounters a demand for the abstraction of relations, thereby holding the possibility to stimulate the formation of higher psychological functions. As such, we look to investigate the contributions of the teaching of drawing in school towards the development of abstract thinking in young children. In order to do so, we carried out a theoretical-conceptual study on the authors relevant to the theme under a historical-cultural scope based on the historical dialectical materialist method. We sought to supply theoretical subsidies that are particular to psychological science and that lead to the proposition of pedagogical measures founded on potential of drawing towards the maximum development of young children in preschool institutions, making great effort towards the consolidation of the political-pedagogical identity of this educational segment.
8

Kresba dětí mladšího školního věku (porovnání kresby dětí z běžné ZŠ a základní umělecké školy) / Younger school age children's drawings (children's drawings from common elementary school and art school in comparison)

KUBELKOVÁ, Hana January 2013 (has links)
Diploma thesis is focused on younger school age children´s drawings. Theoretic part gives information about the stages of younger school age, describes the art development of children and it deals in more detail with the concept of creativity. The thesis gives a characteristic of art taught at a primary school and fine art at an art school in its last part. Practical part of this diploma thesis analyzes a set of 64 drawings of children aged 8-9 years. Its aim is to compare the drawing expression and to find differences in drawings on the given, theme between two groups of children, children from a common elementary school and children from an art school who visit fine arts lessons.
9

Imagem e palavra: um estudo do desenho infantil em um caso de surdez profunda

Oleques, Liane Carvalho 29 September 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:19:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 liane.pdf: 2754054 bytes, checksum: 510d112092a9746184f26b7969d3d2f5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In respect the importance of previous studies on different aspects on the children's drawing, this study emphasized the analysis of the drawing of a child with profound congenital deafness, aiming at a better understanding of graphic activity of this child, in order, relations of meaning , sense, view, cognitive and communication. For this purpose, was necessary to perform activities of designs with two children: a deaf child and another child who hears, with the objective of the research control, both of the same gender, age and socioeconomic status and studying in a public school in the Florianópolis city/ SC. Considering the drawing as a communicative and cognitive process, the theoretical basis of this study is based on authors such as Vygotsky, Wallon, Luquet, Duarte and Darras. This study is characterized as a project embbeded in multiple cases (Yin, 2005) because data collection contemplated different contexts of a deaf child and of a child who hear. Were performed free drawings and other directed. This tasks were taped in order to register every detail of the act of drawing these children. Thus, we considered the following question: how to make up the graph repertoire of a deaf child in relation to a child that hear? Was observed that deaf child, possibly due to its sharp view, outlines specificities in their drawings inclining them to Level Sub-ordained, as well as ease in performing drawings of observation / Considerando a importância dos estudos já realizados sobre o desenho da criança contemplando seus distintos aspectos, salientou-se nesta pesquisa a análise do desenho de uma criança surda profunda congênita, objetivando uma maior compreensão da atividade gráfica desta criança, tendo em vista, relações de significado, sentido, visualidade, cognição e comunicação. Para tanto, fez-se necessário realizar atividades de desenhos com duas crianças: uma criança surda e outra criança ouvinte para fim de controle da pesquisa, ambas do mesmo gênero, idade e situação sócio-econômica, estudantes de uma escola da rede pública da cidade de Florianópolis/SC. Pensando o desenho infantil como um processo cognitivo e comunicacional a base teórica desta pesquisa fundamenta-se em autores como Vigotski, Wallon, Luquet, Duarte e Darras. Este trabalho caracteriza-se como estudo de casos múltiplos (Yin, 2005), pois a coleta de dados contempla situações distintas: uma criança surda e uma criança ouvinte. Foram realizadas tarefas livres de desenhos e outras tarefas direcionadas, todas foram gravadas a fim de registrar cada detalhe do ato de desenhar destas crianças. Considerou-se a seguinte questão: Como se compõem o repertório gráfico de uma criança surda com relação ao de uma criança ouvinte? Notou-se que a criança surda, possivelmente em função de sua acentuada visualidade, traça especificidades da figura em seus desenhos inclinando-os ao Nível Sub-ordenado, bem como, possui facilidade em realizar desenhos de observação
10

Desenho infantil: contribuições da educação infantil para o desenvolvimento do pensamento abstrato sob a perspectiva da psicologia histórico-cultural / Children\'s Drawing: contributions of Early Childhood Education towards the development of abstract thinking under the perspective of Historical-Cultural Psychology.

Rafaela Gabani Trindade 04 April 2011 (has links)
A despeito dos avanços promovidos pela LDB 9394/96, que institui a Educação Infantil como primeira etapa da Educação Básica, assistimos ainda hoje à desvalorização pedagógica e à precarização das condições reservadas ao ensino pré-escolar, haja vista as baixas expectativas educativas que em geral se tem a seu respeito. Neste contexto, observamos também a frequente falta de fundamentação teórico-metodológica nas práticas educativas destinadas ao desenho infantil, seja pela secundarização da arte como ação elementar ao desenvolvimento humano, ou pela má qualidade da formação de professores na área. Em contraposição a este quadro, que incorre em práticas e discursos anti-escolares em relação a este segmento educacional, bem como a propostas espontaneístas ou estereotipadas de ensino do desenho, por vezes orientadas à livre-expressão ou à reprodução de imagens e treino de habilidades, este estudo emerge sobre as bases da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural para reafirmar a importância de um ensino promotor do desenvolvimento humano desde a mais tenra idade, reconhecendo a importância da atividade de desenho neste processo. Partimos do pressuposto de que os processos psíquicos superiores se desenvolvem por meio da interiorização dos signos e da formação de atividades qualitativamente diferentes, propriamente internas, e assim temos o início do desenvolvimento do pensamento abstrato nos primeiros anos de vida, quando a conduta da criança se torna cada vez mais independente em relação ao seu círculo imediato de ação e percepção. O desenho, prática muito frequente nas escolas, porém subaproveitada, é uma atividade em que a criança se utiliza de signos e que demanda a abstração de relações, guardando então a possibilidade para impulsionar a formação das funções psíquicas superiores. Dessa forma, buscamos investigar as contribuições do ensino do desenho na escola para o desenvolvimento do pensamento abstrato na infância. Para tanto, realizamos um estudo teórico-conceitual das obras de autores pertinentes à temática, sob o enfoque histórico-cultural, fundamentado no método materialista histórico-dialético. Procuramos, deste modo, fornecer subsídios teóricos próprios da ciência psicológica que conduzam à proposição de um trabalho pedagógico alicerçado na potencialidade do desenho para o máximo desenvolvimento da criança pequena nas instituições de Educação Infantil, somando esforços no sentido da consolidação da identidade político-pedagógica deste segmento educacional. / Despite the breakthroughs enabled by the passing of LDB 9394/96, which established Early Childhood Education as the first stage of Basic Education, pedagogical depreciation and precariousness of preschool teaching conditions can still be witnessed today, as shown by the low educational expectations held towards this initial level of education. In this context, it is also possible to observe the frequent lack of theoretical-methodological foundation in the educational practices directed at children\'s drawing, either due to the sidelining of art as an elementary action to human development or due to poor professional training. Contrary to this scenario - which falls within anti-school practices and discourses regarding this educational segment, as well as within spontaneous or stereotypical proposals of drawing teaching, at times directed to the free-expression or reproduction of images and training of abilities - this study emerges from the foundations of Historical-Cultural Psychology to reaffirm the importance of an education that promotes human development from the early ages in life, recognizing the importance of drawing in this process. Our premise is that the higher psychological processes are developed through the internalization of signs and the formation of qualitatively different activities, pinpointing the beginning of abstract thinking in the first years of life, when the child\'s conduct becomes growingly different with regards to its immediate circle of action and perception. Drawing, a very frequent but underutilized practice at school, is an activity through which the child utilizes signs and encounters a demand for the abstraction of relations, thereby holding the possibility to stimulate the formation of higher psychological functions. As such, we look to investigate the contributions of the teaching of drawing in school towards the development of abstract thinking in young children. In order to do so, we carried out a theoretical-conceptual study on the authors relevant to the theme under a historical-cultural scope based on the historical dialectical materialist method. We sought to supply theoretical subsidies that are particular to psychological science and that lead to the proposition of pedagogical measures founded on potential of drawing towards the maximum development of young children in preschool institutions, making great effort towards the consolidation of the political-pedagogical identity of this educational segment.

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