21 |
Meloksikamo išsiskyrimo iš tirpalų pro dializės membraną metodo sukūrimas ir vertinimas / Meloxicam release from solutions through dialysis membrane method development and evaluationKriukelis, Modestas 16 June 2008 (has links)
Meloksikamas, (4-hidroksi-2-metil-N-(5-metil-2-tiazolil)-2H-1,2-benzotiazin-3-karboksamid-1,1-dioksidas), yra nesteroidinis vaistas nuo uždegimo (NVNU), selektyvus ciklooksigenazės-II (COX-II) inhibitorius ir naudojamas reumatoidiniam artritui, osteoartritui ir kitoms sąnarių ligoms gydyti. Jis yra žymiai efektyvesnis ir sukelia mažiau šalutinių poveikių virškinamąjam traktui lyginant su kitais tradiciniais nesteroidiniais vaistais nuo uždegimo (NVNU). Gydomoji meloksikamo paros dozė (15 mg) yra viena mažiausių lyginant su kitais tradiciniais nesteroidiniais vaistais nuo uždegimo (NVNU). Europoje ir Lietuvoje yra registruotos tik peroralinės ir parenteralinės meloksikamo vaistų formos. Todėl siekiama sukurti transdermalines meloksikamo vaistų formas. Šio darbo tikslas – sukurti meloksikamo išsiskyrimo iš tirpalų pro dializės membraną in vitro metodą ir įvertinti išsiskyrusio meloksikamo kiekį. Tyrimo metu buvo naudojamas 1 proc. meloksikamo propileno glikolio tirpalas. Dializės membrana - regeneruotos celiuliozės. Akceptorinis tirpalas – buferinis tirpalas, kurio pH reikšmė 8,5. Palaikoma temperatūra - 37°C. Bandiniai buvo imami po 15, 30, 60, 120, 180 ir 300 minučių. Išsiskyręs meloksikamo kiekis iš bandinių kiekybiškai buvo vertinamas efektyviosios skysčių chromatografijos (HPLC) metodu. Didžiausias meloksikamo srautas (346, 963 µg/cm²/h) buvo po 15 minučių nuo eksperimento pradžios. Vėliau meloksikamo srautas mažėjo. Mažiausias meloksikamo srautas (67,401 µg/cm²/h)... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Meloxicam, (4-hydroxy-2-methyl-N-(5-methyl-2-thiazolyl)-2H-1, 2-benzothiazine-3-carbox-amide-1, 1-dioxide), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and selective cyclooxygenase-II (COX-II) inhibitor, is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoartritis and other joint diseases. It has comparable efficiency and greater gastric tolerability in comparison to conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The efficiency dose of meloxicam (15 mg/day) is one of the lowest in the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). There are registered only oral and parenteral formulations of meloxicam in Europe and Lithuania. So it is strive to create transdermal formulations of meloxicam. The aim of the present work was to develop in vitro meloxicam release through dialysis membrane method and measure the amount of released meloxicam. On release of meloxicam from 1 % meloxicam propylene glycol solution was used regenerated cellulose dialysis membrane. As acceptor fluid was used buffer pH 8,5. Temperature was controlled at 37°C. Samples 1 ml were withdrawn at intervals of 15, 30, 60, 120, 180 and 300 min. The quantitative determination of meloxicam in samples was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The maximum flux of meloxicam (346,963 µg/cm²/h) was after 15 min from the beginning of the experiment. Later on meloxicam flux was on the decrease. The minimum flux of meloxicam (67,401 µg/cm²/h) was after 300 min from the beginning of... [to full text]
|
22 |
Fenolinių rūgščių ir fenilpropanoidų nustatymas propolyje / Determination of phenolic acids and phenylpropanoids in propolisMažeikaitė, Ingrida 16 June 2008 (has links)
Fenolinės rūgštys ir fenilpropanoidai pasižymi reikšmingu biologiniu aktyvumu ir yra vaistinių žaliavų veiklieji komponentai. Įteisintų tyrimo metodikų vystymas šių junginių nustatymui (kokybiniam ir kiekybiniam žaliavų tyrimui) yra ypač svarbus augalinių vaistinių preparatų efektyvumo, saugumo ir kokybės kontrolei. Iš skirtingų Lietuvos regionų buvo surinkta 18 propolio pavyzdžių. Atlikto darbo tikslas - analitiniais metodais ištirti Lietuvoje surinktų propolio pavyzdžių cheminę sudėtį, bei kiekybiškai ir kokybiškai įvertinti šias fenolines rūgštis ir fenilpropanoidus: chlorogeno rūgštį, cinamono rūgštį, galo rūgštį, ferulo rūgštį, kavos rūgštį, kumaro rūgštį, protokatecho (3,4-dihidroksibenzoinę) rūgštį, rozmarino rūgštį, vaniliną ir vanilino rūgštį. Atlikti tyrimai paprastos ir greitos atvirkštinių fazių efektyviosios skysčių chromatografijos metodikos optimizavimui ir įtiesinimui. Sukurto crhromatografinio metodo judrioji skystoji fazė yra metanolis ir 0,5 procento acto rūgšties tirpalas vandenyje. Esant optimalioms atskyrimo sąlygoms (aprašytoms skyriuje „Tyrimo metodas“), analizė atliekama 27 min., sulaikymo laikas 4,04 min (galo rūgštis), 6,93 min (protokatecho rūgštis), 11,30 min (chlorogeno rūgštis), 12,26 min (vanilinė rūgštis), 12,93 min (kavos rūgštis), 13,80 min (vanilinas), 16,97 min (kumaro rūgštis), 17,95 min (ferulo rūgštis), 22,29 min (rozmarino rūgštis) ir 26,30 min (cinamono rūgštis). Aptikimo riba ir nustatymo riba buvo atitinkamai tarp 0,004–0,021 ir 0,0... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The phenolic acids and phenylpropanoids have an important biological activity and are therapeutic agents of crude drugs. Development of validated analysis techniques of these phytotherapeutic agents (fingerprinting and assay procedures) is an important practice for efficacy, safety and quality control of herbal drug preparations. 18 samples of propolis were collected from different districts of Lithuania. The aim of the present work was to study chemical composition of collected samples and estimate analytical capabilities of the evaluation of selected phenolic acids and phenylpropanoids: caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, cinnamic acid, coumaric acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic) acid, rosmarinic acid, vanillic acid and vanillin. Optimization and validation procedures of rapid and simple method of reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography were carried out. The mobile phase of the optimized chromatographic method consisted of methanol and 0.5 per cent acetic acid solvent in water. Under the optimal separation conditions (described in Methods), analysis was done in 27 min, with the retention times 4.04 min (gallic acid), 6.93 min (protocatechuic acid), 11.30 min (chlorogenic acid), 12.26 min (vanillic acid), 12.93 min (caffeic acid), 13.80 min (vanillin), 16.97 min (coumaric acid), 17.95 min (ferulic acid), 22.29 min (rosmarinic acid) and 26.30 min (cinnamic acid). The limits of detection and the limits of quantitation were between... [to full text]
|
23 |
Adsorption Isotherm Parameter Estimation in Nonlinear Liquid ChromatographyForssén, Patrik January 2005 (has links)
This thesis concerns the development and validation of methods for the industrially important area of adsorption isotherm parameter estimation in preparative, nonlinear high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Preparative chromatography is a powerful separation method to get pure compounds from more or less complex liquid mixtures, e.g., mixtures of mirror-image molecules. Computer simulations can be used to optimize preparative chromatography, but then competitive adsorption isotherm parameters are usually required. Here two methods to estimate adsorption isotherm parameters are treated: (i) the perturbation peak (PP) method and (ii) the inverse method (IM). A new theory for the PP method was derived and led to a new injection technique which was validated experimentally. This injection technique solved the severe problem with vanishing peaks and enabled us to use the PP method to estimate binary competitive adsorption isotherms valid over a broad concentration range. Also, the injection technique made it possible to estimate competitive adsorption isotherms for a quaternary mixture for the first time. Finally, an interesting perturbation peak phenomenon, known as the “Helfferich Paradox”, was experimentally verified for the first time. The IM is a relatively new method to determine adsorption isotherm parameters. It has the advantage of requiring very small samples, but also requires an advanced computer algorithm. An improved implementation of this computer algorithm was developed and tested experimentally. Also, a variant of the IM called “the inverse method on plateaus” was tested experimentally and the estimated adsorption isotherm parameters were shown to be valid over a broader concentration range than those estimated with the standard IM.
|
24 |
Characterisation of soluble components and PAH in PM10 atmospheric particulate matter in BrisbaneKumar, Annakkarage January 2008 (has links)
Fours sets of PM10 samples were collected in three sites in SEQ from December 2002 to August 2004. Three of these sets of samples were collected by QLD EPA as a part of their regular air monitoring program at Woolloongabba, Rocklea and Eagle Farm. Half of the samples were used in this study for the analysis of water-soluble ions, which are Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, NH4 +, Cl-, NO3 -, SO4 2-, F-, Br-, NO2 -, PO4 -3 and the other half was retained by QLD EPA. The fourth set of samples was collected at Rocklea, specifically for this study. A quarter of the samples obtained from this set of samples were used to analyse water-soluble ions; a quarter of the sample was used to analyse Pb, Cu, Al, Fe, Mn and Zn; and the rests were used to analyse US EPA 16 priority PAHs. The water-soluble ions were extracted ultrasonically with water and the major watersoluble anions as well as NH4 + were analysed using IC. Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+ Pb, Cu, Al, Fe, Mn and Zn were analysed using ICP-AES while PAHs were extracted by acetonitrile and analysed using HPLC. Of the analysed water-soluble ions, Cl-, NO3 -, SO4 2-, Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ were high in concentration and determined in all the samples. F-, Br-, NO2 -, PO4 -3 and NH4 + ions were lower in concentration and determined only in some samples. Na+ and Cl- were high in all samples indicating the importance of a marine source. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to examine the temporal variations of the water-soluble ions at the three sites. The results indicated that there was no major difference between the three sites. However, comparing the average concentrations of ions and Cl-/Na+ it was concluded that Woolloongabba had more marine influence than the other sites. Al, Fe and Zn were detected in all samples. Al and Fe were high in all samples indicating the significance of a source of crustal matter. Cu, Mn and Pb were in low concentrations and were determined only in some samples. The lower Pb concentrations observed in the study than in previous studies indicate that the phasing-out of leaded petrol had an appreciable impact on Pb levels in SEQ. This study reports for the first time, simultaneous data on the water-soluble, metal ion and PAH levels of PM10 aerosols in Brisbane, and provides information on the most likely sources of these chemical species. Such information can be used alongside those that already exist to formulate PM10 pollution reduction strategies for SEQ in order to protect the community from the adverse effects of PM pollution.
|
25 |
Furan measurement in transformer oil by UV-Vis spectroscopy using fuzzy logic approachLai, Sin Pin January 2009 (has links)
An Ultraviolet to Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopic analysis based on fuzzy logic approach has been developed for furan content measurement in transformer oil. Following the successful identification and quantification of furan derivatives in transformer oil by ASTM D5837 standard, the new approach is able to approximate the furan content more conveniently and economically. As furan concentration level would determine the absorption intensity in UV-Vis spectral range, the fuzzy logic software model developed would exploit this characteristic to aggregate the furans content level in transformer oil. The UV-Vis spectral response at other ambient temperature is also studied. The proposed technique provides a convenient alternative to conventional method of furan measurement by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) or Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) in ASTM D5837 Standard.
|
26 |
Ανάπτυξη μεθοδολογίας για τον ποιοτικό και ποσοτικό προσδιορισμό αλλαντοΐνης και γλυκολυκού οξέως σε εκκρίματα σαλιγκαριού και καλλυντικές κρέμες / Development of methodology for the qualitative and quantitative determination of allantoin and glycolic acid in snail secretions and cosmetic creamsEl Mubarak, Mohamed Ahmed 21 December 2012 (has links)
Η βλέννα του σαλιγκαριού έχει χρησιμοποιηθεί στην ιατρική από την αρχαιότητα από την εποχή του Ιπποκράτη, ο οποίος είχε προτείνει τη χρήση
της βλέννας για την καταπολέμηση του πόνου, εγκαυμάτων και άλλων
τραυμάτων. Πρόσφατη επιστημονική μελέτες του εκκρίματος του σαλιγκαριού Helix aspersa επιβεβαίωσαν ότι η βλέννα περιέχει ένα ασυνήθιστο συνδυασμό φυσικών προϊόντων με ευεργετικές και θεραπευτικές ιδιότητες στο ανθρώπινο δέρμα. Η βλέννα του σαλιγκαριού παρουσιάζει σημαντικό οικονομικό - εμπορικό ενδιαφέρον, ως προς την αξιοποίηση των
χημικών συστατικών της όπως η αλλαντοΐνη και το γλυκολικό οξύ που
χρησιμοποιούνται ευρύτατα ως δραστικά συστατικά κατά την παρασκευή
φαρμακευτικών και καλλυντικών προϊόντων.
Η αλλαντοΐνη είναι μία ετεροκυκλική οργανική ένωση που παράγεται από
την κατάλυση των πουρινών από το ένζυμο καταλάση. Παρουσιάζει μια
μακρά ιστορία όσον αφορά στη χρήση της σε μια ποικιλία από τοπικά φάρμακα και καλλυντικά προϊόντα για την περιποίηση του δέρματος. Το γλυκολικό οξύ είναι το μικρότερο α-υδροξύ - οξύ (AHA). Χάρη στην εξαιρετική ικανότητά του να διαπερνάει το δέρμα, βρίσκει εφαρμογές σε διάφορα
προϊόντα φροντίδας του δέρματος, για τη βελτίωση της εμφάνισης και της
υφής του δέρματος μειώνοντας ρυτίδες, ουλές ακμής, υπέρχρωση και άλλα
και σε άλλες δερματικές παθήσεις.
Στην παρούσα εργασία έγινε προσπάθεια ανάπτυξης μεθοδολογιών για τον
ποιοτικό και ποσοτικό προσδιορισμό της αλλαντοΐνης και του γλυκολικού οξέος. Με χρωματογραφία υψηλής απόδοσης (HPLC-DAD) σε στήλη Synergi RP (Phenomenex ®) επετεύχθη πολύ καλός διαχωρισμός εντός 6
min. Οι τελικές συνθήκες διαχωρισμού (ισοκρατική έκλουση με εκλούτη
ρυθμιστικό διάλυμα 10 mM KH2PO4 pH 2.7 και η ροή ρυθμίστηκε στο 0.7 mL/min και στους 30 C) και προκατεργασίας δείγματος (αραίωση της
βλέννας στο ρυθμιστικό διάλυμα, θέρμανση στους 60 C για 20 λεπτά και εκχύλιση με εξάνιο) επιλέχθηκαν μετά από μελέτη διαφόρων παραμέτρων που αφορούν στη σύσταση του εκχυλιστικού μέσου και της κινητής φάσης. Η μέθοδος επικυρώθηκε ως προς τα αναλυτικά της χαρακτηριστικά (γραμμικότητα, επαναληψιμότητα, ακρίβεια και σταθερότητα).
Ανάλυση της βλέννας του σαλιγκαριού Helix aspersa έδειξε ότι περιέχει
48.610 ± 0.002, 47.590 ± 0.001, 52.820 ± 0.001 mg/L αλλαντοΐνης και
3753.01 ± 0.01, 3170.51 ± 0.02, 1979.23 ± 0.02 mg/L γλυκολικού οξέος
για τις τρεις παρτίδες που αναλύσαμε, αντίστοιχα.
Η προτεινόμενη μεθοδολογία χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την ποσοτική ανάλυση
τριών καλλυντικών κρεμών (Elicina της εταιρίας Cosméticos Elicina Ltda,
Santiago, Χιλή, Labcconte της εταιρίας Cosméticos Concepción Ltda, Χιλή
και μια κρέμα από την εταιρία Helix ir στην Κρήτη) στις οποίες η βλέννα
του σαλιγκαριού αναγράφεται να περιέχεται σε υψηλό ποσοστό (85%).
Τα αποτελέσματα μας δείχνουν ότι τα καλλυντικά σκευάσματα περιέχουν
0.110 ± 0.003, 0.260 ± 0.010 , 0.370 ± 0.001 mg/L αλλαντοΐνης και 4.520
± 0.010, 5.350 ± 0.010, 5.690 ± 0.001 mg/L γλυκολικού οξέος, αντίστοιχα. / The snail mucus has been used in medicine since the time of Hippocrates,
who proposed the use of mucus to combat pain, burns and other wounds.
Recent scientific studies of the snail secretion Helix Aspersa confirmed
that the snail contains an unusual combination of natural products which
are beneficial for human skin. The last time the mucus of the snail has important
economic - commercial interest in the use of chemical components
such as allantoin and glycolic acid are widely used as active ingredients in
the manufacture of pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.
Allantoin is a heterocyclic organic compound produced by the breakdown
of purines by the enzyme catalase. It has a long history in the use of a variety
of topical medications and cosmetics for skin care. The glycolic acid
is the smallest alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA). Thanks to its excellent ability
to penetrate the skin, it finds applications in various skin care products, for
improving the appearance and texture of skin by reducing wrinkles, acne
scars, hyperpigmentation and also can improve many other skin disorders.
In this study we developed analytical methodology for qualitative and quantitative
determination of allantoin and glycolic acid. Application of highperformance
chromatography (HPLC-DAD) on a Synergi RP (Phenomenex
®) column has provided a very good separation within 6 min. The final separation
(isocratic elution with buffer 10 mM KH2PO4 pH 2.7 as eluent and
flow rate 0.7 mL/min at 30 °C) and sample pretreatment (by dilution the
mucus in the buffer, heated at 60 °C for 20 min and extracted with hexane)
were selected after a study of various parameters relating to the extraction
medium and the mobile phase. The method was validated in terms of
analytical characteristics (linearity, repeatability, accuracy and stability).
Analysis of the snail secretions Helix aspersa showed that it contains 48.610
± 0.002, 47.590 ± 0.001, 52.820 ± 0.001 mg/L allantoin and 3753.01 ± 0.01,
3170.51 ± 0.02, 1979.23 ± 0.02 mg/L glycolic acid for three batches that
we analyzed, respectively.
The methodology was used for quantitative analysis of three cosmetic creams
(Elicina from the company: Cosméticos Elicina Ltda, Santiago, Chile, Labcconte
from the comany: Cosméticos Concepción Ltda, Chile and a cream
from the company: Helix ir in Crete) where the snail mucus is deemed to
be about 85%. Our results show that cosmetic products contain 0.110 ±
0.003, 0.260 ± 0.010 , 0.370 ± 0.001 mg/L allantoin and 4.520 ± 0.010,
5.350 ± 0.010, 5.690 ± 0.001 mg/L glycolic acid, respectively.
|
27 |
Níveis de contaminação de superfície com gencitabina utilizando dispositivos de segurança em sistema fechado versus a técnica de preparo padrãoNess, Sandro Luis Ribeiro January 2014 (has links)
Introdução: A manipulação de medicamentos antineoplásicos em Serviços de Saúde expõem os profissionais aos riscos químicos desses agentes, assim é fundamental monitorar e prevenir a exposição ocupacional. A utilização de dispositivos de Segurança no preparo de medicamentos tem sido recomendada por diversos órgãos internacionais de boas práticas no manuseio de medicamentos citotóxicos. Objetivo: Comparar, através da técnica de Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência com detector Ultravioleta (CLAE-UV), as taxas de contaminação de superfícies de trabalho, com a Gencitabina, utilizando Dispositivos de Segurança em Sistema Fechado em relação à técnica de preparo padrão com agulha. Métodos: A coleta de amostras foi realizada na farmácia de manipulação pela técnica de wipe test e posterior extração. As amostras foram analisadas com CLAE-UV, com leitura de detecção de 268 nm. Resultados: De um total de 303 amostras coletadas para análise da Gencitabina, 272 compararam a técnica com dispositivo de sistema fechado com a técnica padrão, apresentando percentuais de contaminação em quase 50% dos frascos coletados em cada técnica. Os resultados encontrados nos frascos, campo de preparo e seringas apresentaram média de quantidade de resíduos inferiores na técnica com dispositivos de segurança. Nos frascos intactos retirados da caixa original de Gencitabina, foram encontrados resíduos em 16,1%. Conclusões: A técnica utilizada foi adequada para identificar a presença de Gencitabina em materiais e Equipamentos de Proteção Individual – EPI na manipulação de medicamentos, demonstrando dessa forma o risco de exposição aos profissionais e a importância da utilização da do sistema fechado para diminuir os aerossóis e quantidades de resíduos eliminados durante a manipulação. / Introduction: Health professionals who handle antineoplastic agents are exposed to several chemical hazards. Therefore, their occupational exposure must be carefully monitored and prevented. The use of closed-system devices in drug preparation has been recommended by several international guidelines for the handling of cytotoxic drugs. Objective: To compare the contamination of work surfaces with gemcitabine following closed-system preparation versus standard needle techniques, using high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV). Method: Wipe test samples were collected from a drug handling facility, then extracted and analyzed by HPLC-UV. Readings were taken at 268 nm. Resultados: Of the 303 samples collected, 31 were obtained from intact vials, while 272 were used to compare gemcitabine contamination levels following conventional versus closed-system preparation. Approximately 50% of samples obtained following each procedure tested positive for the contaminant. The amount of contamination on vials, sterile fields and syringes was lower when closed-system devices were used for drug manipulation. A total of 16.1% of the intact vials removed from their original packaging were also contaminated. Conclusion: The method used in the present study was effective in detecting gemcitabine in the devices and individual protective equipment involved in drug manipulation. These findings demonstrate the exposure risk of health professionals who handle these substances, and the importance of closed-system devices in reducing aerosol formation and contamination during handling.
|
28 |
Obsah kanabidiolu v konopí setém (Cannabis sativa) / Cannabidiol level in hemp (\kur{Cannabis sativa})BOUDOVÁ, Miroslava January 2013 (has links)
Hemp (Cannabis sativa) is a crop that people have grown for a lot of years ago. It is amazing by its almost versatile use, whether in medicine, food, industry and power engineering. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the content of cannabidiol in different parts of hemp and the possibility of using these parts as a source of the compound. Morphologically distinct varieties - Bialobrzeskie and Finola were selected for the experiment. The Cannabidiol content was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Hemp roots, stems, male and female inflorescences and leaves were sampled for the determination of cannabidiol level. The highest content of cannabidiol was found in hemp flowers and leaves of Cannabis sativa. Therefore, theoretically, these parts of hemp grown for fiber could be used as a potential source of cannabidiol.
|
29 |
Níveis de contaminação de superfície com gencitabina utilizando dispositivos de segurança em sistema fechado versus a técnica de preparo padrãoNess, Sandro Luis Ribeiro January 2014 (has links)
Introdução: A manipulação de medicamentos antineoplásicos em Serviços de Saúde expõem os profissionais aos riscos químicos desses agentes, assim é fundamental monitorar e prevenir a exposição ocupacional. A utilização de dispositivos de Segurança no preparo de medicamentos tem sido recomendada por diversos órgãos internacionais de boas práticas no manuseio de medicamentos citotóxicos. Objetivo: Comparar, através da técnica de Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência com detector Ultravioleta (CLAE-UV), as taxas de contaminação de superfícies de trabalho, com a Gencitabina, utilizando Dispositivos de Segurança em Sistema Fechado em relação à técnica de preparo padrão com agulha. Métodos: A coleta de amostras foi realizada na farmácia de manipulação pela técnica de wipe test e posterior extração. As amostras foram analisadas com CLAE-UV, com leitura de detecção de 268 nm. Resultados: De um total de 303 amostras coletadas para análise da Gencitabina, 272 compararam a técnica com dispositivo de sistema fechado com a técnica padrão, apresentando percentuais de contaminação em quase 50% dos frascos coletados em cada técnica. Os resultados encontrados nos frascos, campo de preparo e seringas apresentaram média de quantidade de resíduos inferiores na técnica com dispositivos de segurança. Nos frascos intactos retirados da caixa original de Gencitabina, foram encontrados resíduos em 16,1%. Conclusões: A técnica utilizada foi adequada para identificar a presença de Gencitabina em materiais e Equipamentos de Proteção Individual – EPI na manipulação de medicamentos, demonstrando dessa forma o risco de exposição aos profissionais e a importância da utilização da do sistema fechado para diminuir os aerossóis e quantidades de resíduos eliminados durante a manipulação. / Introduction: Health professionals who handle antineoplastic agents are exposed to several chemical hazards. Therefore, their occupational exposure must be carefully monitored and prevented. The use of closed-system devices in drug preparation has been recommended by several international guidelines for the handling of cytotoxic drugs. Objective: To compare the contamination of work surfaces with gemcitabine following closed-system preparation versus standard needle techniques, using high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV). Method: Wipe test samples were collected from a drug handling facility, then extracted and analyzed by HPLC-UV. Readings were taken at 268 nm. Resultados: Of the 303 samples collected, 31 were obtained from intact vials, while 272 were used to compare gemcitabine contamination levels following conventional versus closed-system preparation. Approximately 50% of samples obtained following each procedure tested positive for the contaminant. The amount of contamination on vials, sterile fields and syringes was lower when closed-system devices were used for drug manipulation. A total of 16.1% of the intact vials removed from their original packaging were also contaminated. Conclusion: The method used in the present study was effective in detecting gemcitabine in the devices and individual protective equipment involved in drug manipulation. These findings demonstrate the exposure risk of health professionals who handle these substances, and the importance of closed-system devices in reducing aerosol formation and contamination during handling.
|
30 |
Níveis de contaminação de superfície com gencitabina utilizando dispositivos de segurança em sistema fechado versus a técnica de preparo padrãoNess, Sandro Luis Ribeiro January 2014 (has links)
Introdução: A manipulação de medicamentos antineoplásicos em Serviços de Saúde expõem os profissionais aos riscos químicos desses agentes, assim é fundamental monitorar e prevenir a exposição ocupacional. A utilização de dispositivos de Segurança no preparo de medicamentos tem sido recomendada por diversos órgãos internacionais de boas práticas no manuseio de medicamentos citotóxicos. Objetivo: Comparar, através da técnica de Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência com detector Ultravioleta (CLAE-UV), as taxas de contaminação de superfícies de trabalho, com a Gencitabina, utilizando Dispositivos de Segurança em Sistema Fechado em relação à técnica de preparo padrão com agulha. Métodos: A coleta de amostras foi realizada na farmácia de manipulação pela técnica de wipe test e posterior extração. As amostras foram analisadas com CLAE-UV, com leitura de detecção de 268 nm. Resultados: De um total de 303 amostras coletadas para análise da Gencitabina, 272 compararam a técnica com dispositivo de sistema fechado com a técnica padrão, apresentando percentuais de contaminação em quase 50% dos frascos coletados em cada técnica. Os resultados encontrados nos frascos, campo de preparo e seringas apresentaram média de quantidade de resíduos inferiores na técnica com dispositivos de segurança. Nos frascos intactos retirados da caixa original de Gencitabina, foram encontrados resíduos em 16,1%. Conclusões: A técnica utilizada foi adequada para identificar a presença de Gencitabina em materiais e Equipamentos de Proteção Individual – EPI na manipulação de medicamentos, demonstrando dessa forma o risco de exposição aos profissionais e a importância da utilização da do sistema fechado para diminuir os aerossóis e quantidades de resíduos eliminados durante a manipulação. / Introduction: Health professionals who handle antineoplastic agents are exposed to several chemical hazards. Therefore, their occupational exposure must be carefully monitored and prevented. The use of closed-system devices in drug preparation has been recommended by several international guidelines for the handling of cytotoxic drugs. Objective: To compare the contamination of work surfaces with gemcitabine following closed-system preparation versus standard needle techniques, using high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV). Method: Wipe test samples were collected from a drug handling facility, then extracted and analyzed by HPLC-UV. Readings were taken at 268 nm. Resultados: Of the 303 samples collected, 31 were obtained from intact vials, while 272 were used to compare gemcitabine contamination levels following conventional versus closed-system preparation. Approximately 50% of samples obtained following each procedure tested positive for the contaminant. The amount of contamination on vials, sterile fields and syringes was lower when closed-system devices were used for drug manipulation. A total of 16.1% of the intact vials removed from their original packaging were also contaminated. Conclusion: The method used in the present study was effective in detecting gemcitabine in the devices and individual protective equipment involved in drug manipulation. These findings demonstrate the exposure risk of health professionals who handle these substances, and the importance of closed-system devices in reducing aerosol formation and contamination during handling.
|
Page generated in 0.0561 seconds