<p>These days, internet service providers (ISPs) face the challenge about how to increase profitability while hey must ensure a good quality service at the same time and scale up their network. The study involves previous research papers. On the bases of those papers,the comparison is made between different alternatives. The purpose on this study is to find a solution that combines different methods and configurations about how several ISPs could cooperate. Its implementation includes how different ISPs can configure their networks to cooperate on service provision supporting various real-time services.</p>

These days, internet service providers (ISPs) face the challenge about how to increase profitability while hey must ensure a good quality service at the same time and scale up their network. The study involves previous research papers. On the bases of those papers,the comparison is made between different alternatives. The purpose on this study is to find a solution that combines different methods and configurations about how several ISPs could cooperate. Its implementation includes how different ISPs can configure their networks to cooperate on service provision supporting various real-time services.

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This research study explores the perceptions and experiences of individuals involved in the business collaborations of the Coal Authority (TCA) with other public and private sector organisations. The study offers two major contributions to professional knowledge and practice. The first is that the social and behavioural activities associated with the business collaboration process are of as much concern as the economic and structural aspects. The second is a conceptual model and framework which makes sense of the public sector business collaborating process, and identifies behaviours and practices which are perceived by the participants to positively contribute to successful business collaborating and to minimise the risk of inter-organisational collaboration failure. The research accounts underpinning the study are based on the researcher's direct observation, interviews, accounts and life experiences of over fifty individuals that he engaged with during his thirty months involvement within the research process. This was complemented by his reflective diary recording in real time the thought processes from the participants in both the public and private sector involved in business collaborating on a day-to-day basis, as he immersed himself in a purposeful way in the research setting. Twenty-four of the collaborators work for public sector organisations, twenty-nine work in the private sector. Thematic discourse analysis was used to interpret their life experiences and develop the framework around the four perspectives that emerged. The four perspectives are: • The context perspective • The business and strategy perspective • The delivery perspective • The people perspective Personal reflections on the research process and the framework are based on the Kirkpatrick (1967) four level theoretical model for the evaluation of learning and development outcomes. The researcher also describes the changes in behaviour and practices within TCA with regard to the way the people within TCA interact and collaborate with people from other organisations as a result of the study and its findings. Finally, the researcher demonstrates his achievement of the six learning outcomes of his DBA doctoral programme.

Survey research was conducted to explore Speech-Language Pathologists’ (SLPs) perceptions and experiences collaborating with Registered Dietitians (RDs) in the pediatric population. 107 SLPs in different settingsparticipated. Findings indicate SLPs were not exposed to RDs or the role of nutrition in their didactic and clinical training. Rather this exposure occurred once they were in the field practicing as an SLP. A clear need was identified regarding graduate and continued education on collaboration between SLPs and RDs.

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This study on parent involvement in Early Childhood Development in KwaZulu Natal investigates the experiences of educators and parents of the different types of parent and community involvement as set out in the Epstein typology. In order to investigate this phenomenon a thorough background of the theory and practice of the Epstein model has been provided. In addition the work of other researchers that support the Epstein typology of parent involvement forms an integral part of the discussions. As parent involvement is the key focus of the study, parent involvement in education before and after 1994 are discussed. In this regard relevant educational policy and legislation that are designed to increase the role of parents and the community in Early Childhood Development are highlighted. Parents' role in the provision of Early Childhood Development is explored. The provision of Early Childhood Development in KwaZulu Natal, which provides a backdrop for the investigation, is exptained. In addition contextual factors that influence parent involvement in KwaZulu Natal are provided. The research methodology and the research design used in this study are described in detail. By means of a qualitative approach the experiences of a small sample of educators and parents in Early Childhood Development are explored using the six types of parent involvement that include parenting, communicating, volunteering, learning at home and collaborating with the community as set out in Epstein's comprehensive model. The experiences of educators and parents of Grade R learners of the six types of involvement have been included. Although all schools engage in some form of parent involvement, it is evident that not all schools involve parents in all types of parent involvement to the same extent. The study concludes with recommendations for developing strategies to involve parents more effectively in Early Childhood Development in KwaZulu Natal

The relationship between families and schools, and the importance of parents and families to a child’s academic success is well documented internationally. However, the development of frameworks, theories, policies, and programs has not resulted in an increase in parent or family engagement in public schools, nor has it remedied the historical alienation and marginalization of families of color in the United States; positive comprehensive programs in communities of color at the middle and high school levels often seem to be missing. Because of African American families’ cultural connection to countries in Africa resulting from the Atlantic Slave Trade, I used the indigenous framework Ubuntu (Metz, 2007), along with Barton et al.’s (2004) Ecologies of Parental Engagement and Epstein’s (1995) framework of Six Types of Involvement to guide this qualitative case study that examined the nature of the role of parents, families, and village members in the education of their high school students in Senegal, West Africa. Data from semi-structured interviews with parents, students, family and community members, teachers, and administrators of Dekka high school (a pseudonym), show that the people of Dekka seem to have relationships, beliefs, and ways of being that encourage parent, family, and community engagement, and empower them to advocate for resources for their high school students. The findings suggest that, ultimately, developing and fostering authentic relationships with stakeholders is important. Demonstrating that jaapal ma jaap, together everything is possible; their relationships with others, adult-adult or adult-child, are vital for not only raising but educating their children.

Med den ökande användningen av digitala system i dagens samhälle blir framstegen inom AI-området alltmer uppenbara. Modeller för språkbehandling har utvecklats till en punkt där vem som helst med internetanslutning kan ställa frågor för att snabbt få svar. Inom mjukvaruutveckling förblir problemlösning en central uppgift för utvecklare, och snabb återkoppling visar sig vara särskilt värdefull i projektbaserade arbetsmiljöer med tidsbegränsningar. Genom en kvalitativ metod baserad på semistrukturerade intervjuer undersökte denna studie användningen av AI-verktyg inom mjukvaruutveckling, och utforskade den framtida rollen för mjukvaruutvecklare i en arbetsmiljö där AI har potential att kraftigt förändra arbetsmetoder. Denna studie föreslår att AI-verktyg kommer fortsätta ge utvecklare värdefullt stöd i form av innovativ, lösningssökande återkoppling samt ersätta repetitiva uppgifter. Studiens resultat avslöjar däremot en uttryckt oro för anpassning till AI-verktyg, och hur dessa bör anpassas för att fungera inom organisationen. Tillgången till AI medför potentiella förändringar i systemutvecklingsprocesser, och om dessa inte beaktas kan utvecklare och organisationer gå miste om värdefulla möjligheter.

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