In post-apartheid South Africa, Coloured communities are engaged in reconstructing identities and social histories. This study examines the representation of community, identity, culture and historic memory in two films about Westbury, Johannesburg, South Africa. The films are Westbury, Plek van Hoop, a documentary, and Waiting for Valdez, a short fiction piece. The ambiguous nature of Coloured identity, coupled with the absence of recorded histories and unambiguous identification with collective cultural codes, results in the representation of identity becoming contested and marginal. Through constructing narratives of lived experience, hybrid communities can challenge dominant stereotypes and subvert discourses of otherness and difference. Analysis of the films reveals that the Coloured community have reverted to stereotypical documentary forms in representing their communal history. Although the documentary genre lays claim to the representation of reality and authentic experience, documentary is not always an effective vehicle for the representation of lived experience and remembered history. Fiction can reinterpret memory by accessing the emotional textures of past experiences in a more direct way.

Nous présentons dans ce travail de thèse des approches pour la spécification et la vérificationdes systèmes temporisés. La première partie concerne une méthode de spécification enutilisant les diagrammes états-transitions pour modéliser un système donné en partant d’unedescription textuelle. Cette méthode guide l’utilisateur pour le développement de la modélisation.Elle comporte plusieurs étapes et utilise des observateurs d’états et des événements afind’engendrer le diagramme états-transitions. Un outil qui implémente les différentes étapes de laméthode de spécification pour une application semi-automatique est présenté. La seconde partieconcerne une traduction des diagrammes états-transitions vers les réseaux de Petri colorés, cequi permet d’utiliser les méthodes de vérification. Nous prenons en considération dans cette traductionun ensemble important des éléments syntaxiques des diagrammes états-transitions, telsque la concurrence, la hiérarchie, etc. Un outil qui implémente la traduction pour un passageautomatique des diagrammes états-transitions vers les réseaux de Petri colorés est en cours de développement.La dernière partie concerne l’intégration des contraintes temporelles dans les deuxapproches précédentes. Nous définissons des annotations pour les diagrammes états-transitionsdont nous fournissons la syntaxe et la sémantique. Ces annotations seront ensuite utilisées dansla méthode de spécification et la traduction. Le but est de proposer des annotations faciles àcomprendre et à utiliser avec une syntaxe qui prend en compte des contraintes parmi les plusutilisées. / In order to specify and verify timed systems, we present in this thesis approaches using UMLstate machines and coloured Petri nets. Our first approach is a specification method that takesinto account a textual description of the system and generates the corresponding state machinediagram. This method helps a non-expert user to model a system in a structural way. We presenta tool that implements the specification method. Our second approach is the translation of UMLstate machine diagrams to coloured Petri nets diagrams. In this approach we take into account animportant set of UML state machine elements that allows the modelling of concurrent systems,etc. A tool that implements the approach and allows us to automate the translation is beingdeveloped. Finally, the last approach is the integration of time constraints in our specificationmethod and in our translation. We propose a set of annotations to model time in state machinediagrams, and we define the corresponding syntax and semantics.

Submitted by Cláudia Bueno (claudiamoura18@gmail.com) on 2016-03-10T17:35:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Adriana Marcela Fonce Camacho - 2014.pdf: 981401 bytes, checksum: a14522ebe9ae77cf599946d25752f8b4 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-03-14T14:08:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Adriana Marcela Fonce Camacho - 2014.pdf: 981401 bytes, checksum: a14522ebe9ae77cf599946d25752f8b4 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-14T14:08:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Adriana Marcela Fonce Camacho - 2014.pdf: 981401 bytes, checksum: a14522ebe9ae77cf599946d25752f8b4 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This work is based mainly on the Brunder and Godinho article [2] which shows proof of the conjecture of Artin methods using p-adic, although the conjecture is stated on the real numbers which makes the proof is show an equivalence on the field of the number p-adic method with the help of colored variables ya contraction of variables so as to prove the statement, taking the first level and ensuring a nontrivial solution in the following levels. / Este trabalho é baseado principalmente no artigo de Brunder e Godinho [2] o qual mostra a prova da conjetura de Artin usando métodos p-ádicos, ainda que a conjetura se afirma sobre o números reais o que faz a prova é mostrar uma equivalência sobre o corpo dos número p-ádicos com ajuda do método de variáveis coloridas e a contração de variáveis para assim provar a afirmação, tomando o primeiro nível e assim garantindo uma solução não trivial nos níveis seguintes.

<p>This thesis explores the social semiotic relationship of visual and verbal signs of the Daily Voice tabloid as a way to show how the social context influences meaning of the signs used in its multimodal frontpages. The Daily Voice tabloid largely uses Kaapse English/ Afrikaans as spoken by Coloureds on the Cape Flats on its frontpages rather than standard English or standard Afrikaans associated with White people. The study assumes that the meaning constructed by and through the verbal and visual signs on the Daily Voice frontpages is interdependent on the relationship the multimodal texts have with the largely Cape Flats readership. This study maintains the importance of the idea of the localisation of meaning in socio-cultural specific contexts throughout. I conclude that Kress and Van Leeuwen&rsquo / s (1996/2006) design could be extended beyond Westernised contexts and that marginalised discourses such as those unique to the Cape Flats are not static, but indeed dynamic. I also extend the appraisal theory by Martin and White (2005) to marginalised bilingual discourse and establish that Appraisal theory can be used to not only evaluate verbal discourse but also that visual discourse needs to be considered as a tool within the appraisal framework. I also conclude by suggesting a monolectal view of Kaapse English/Afrikaans discourse. That is, the meaning potential of Kaapse English/Afrikaans by Cape Flats speakers would be lost if perceived or analysed as emanating from two languages, (White) English and (White) Afrikaans. Therefore the conclusion is that the Daily Voice uses Kaapse English/Afrikaans as is used in Cape Flats socio-cultural contexts to construct meaning-making options across its frontpages.</p>

The overall objective of this thesis was to understand better the mechanisms that shape the diversity in colour vision of fish, and to explore the adaptive significance of this divergence. Among the vertebrates, teleost fish show the greatest diversity in colour vision systems. The cichlid model system illustrates that the visual system of fish may differ among species, sexes, individuals, and life stages of individuals. The large number of available cone opsin genes, which have resulted from multiple opsin gene duplications, facilitates this high degree of variation in the mechanisms of colour vision. In general, cichlids possessed complements of four to five cone pigments, and these complements varied across species, sexes, and individuals. Additionally, lens transmission, cone pigment expression, post-receptoral sensitivity, and retinal circuitry differed across life stages of individuals. My results suggest that the diversification of colour vision across species and across life stages of individuals contributes to sensory adaptations that enhance both the contrast of zooplanktonic prey, and the detection of optical signals from conspecifics. Therefore, both natural and sexual selection may have worked in concert to shape colour vision in fish. Since light is more complex under water than on land, fish required four to six cone classes to reconstruct the colour signals reflected from aquatic objects. This suggests that the large number of cone pigments in fish have likely evolved to enhance the reconstruction of the complex colour-signals in aquatic environments. Taken together, these findings improve our understanding of the variable nature of fish colour vision, and, more generally, help unravel the evolution of photoreceptors and colour vision. / Thesis (Ph.D, Biology) -- Queen's University, 2012-05-14 13:16:50.276

<p>This thesis explores the social semiotic relationship of visual and verbal signs of the Daily Voice tabloid as a way to show how the social context influences meaning of the signs used in its multimodal frontpages. The Daily Voice tabloid largely uses Kaapse English/ Afrikaans as spoken by Coloureds on the Cape Flats on its frontpages rather than standard English or standard Afrikaans associated with White people. The study assumes that the meaning constructed by and through the verbal and visual signs on the Daily Voice frontpages is interdependent on the relationship the multimodal texts have with the largely Cape Flats readership. This study maintains the importance of the idea of the localisation of meaning in socio-cultural specific contexts throughout. I conclude that Kress and Van Leeuwen&rsquo / s (1996/2006) design could be extended beyond Westernised contexts and that marginalised discourses such as those unique to the Cape Flats are not static, but indeed dynamic. I also extend the appraisal theory by Martin and White (2005) to marginalised bilingual discourse and establish that Appraisal theory can be used to not only evaluate verbal discourse but also that visual discourse needs to be considered as a tool within the appraisal framework. I also conclude by suggesting a monolectal view of Kaapse English/Afrikaans discourse. That is, the meaning potential of Kaapse English/Afrikaans by Cape Flats speakers would be lost if perceived or analysed as emanating from two languages, (White) English and (White) Afrikaans. Therefore the conclusion is that the Daily Voice uses Kaapse English/Afrikaans as is used in Cape Flats socio-cultural contexts to construct meaning-making options across its frontpages.</p>

This qualitative study is an exploration of the sexual subjectivities of a group of Coloured high school girls aged 16-17. These girls emerge from both working and middle class backgrounds in the former Coloured suburb of Sydenham in Durban. The study sought to understand what the Coloured girls in this study regard as risky sexual behaviour, what types of risky sexual behaviours they engage in, as well as how they both accommodate and resist male power, with regard to their sexual attitudes and practices. Gender-power and poststructuralist theories were used to show how gender and (male) power are implicated in sexual risk. The findings show that these Coloured girls accommodate, challenge and resist persisting gender norms, traditional sex roles and racial stereotypes. Focus group and individual interviewing techniques elicited responses that show the variegated sexual identities and evidence of sexual agency crafted in their attempts to assert themselves as young women who are able to subvert discourses of male sexual privilege and power. The findings also illuminate how many of the girls in this study demonstrate a certain amount of agency, where they are able to negotiate safe sex practices with their partners. Such resistance and agency has important implications for sexual decision making and girls’ empowerment. Findings of this study were used to develop strategies in order to raise greater HIV and AIDS awareness, encourage safer sex practices as well as build more caring, loving and cohesive relationships. / Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2012.

La thèse porte sur les problématiques d'identités raciales en Afrique du Sud, en lien avecla question carcérale. Les personnes issues de la minorité "Coloured" se trouvent surincarcérésau niveau national comme régional. A l'aide d'entretiens non-directifs de type"récit de vie" récoltés auprès de détenus, la présente thèse entend faire sens desparcours individuels des personnes incarcérées, membres de la communauté ou non. / My research focuses on race and incarceration in South Africa. People in the "Coloured"community are overrepresented in incarceration statistics, both on the national and onthe regional level. With the help of inmates' life stories gathered at various correctionalcentres in the Western Cape, my thesis seeks to make sense of this phenomenon.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / The demand for electricity grows in the same way as the consumers requirement for an uninterrupted supply. Many reliability indices are applied by regulatory agencies, utilities and consumers for measuring the power systems reliability. The improvement of such indices has been required by regulatory agencies and pursued by energy distributors. Therefore, the application of automatic restauration systems has gained relevance as a support tool for control center operators for a quick and secure restauration of faulty electric networks. This work proposes two contributions to the restoration process of radial power system networks. The former is a multiobjective algorithm for effective switch placement in distribution networks. Multiobjective optimization techniques are applied to achieve a set of non-dominated solutions rather than an unique one. Therefore, the decision making for switch placement is eased by the flexibility given from the multiple solutions. The latter contribution is a model for automatic restoration of power distribution networks adaptable to the network topology changes and able to ensure the operational security of the power system network. The proposed model is based on coloured Petri nets as the modelling tool. Reusability and extensibility features have been pursued and implemented on the proposed model. As a result, the needed time to restore faulty power system networks is reduced without compromising its operational security. Case studies are presented demonstrating the benefits to the power system distribution utilities obtained with the deployment of the proposed tools to improve the reliability of the power system networks. / A demanda por energia elÃtrica cresce e de igual modo a exigÃncia dos consumidores pela continuidade do seu fornecimento. Diversos Ãndices de confiabilidade sÃo utilizados por agÃncias reguladoras, concessionÃrias e consumidores para aferir a continuidade dos sistemas elÃtricos de potÃncia. A melhoria de tais Ãndices vem sendo requisitada por agÃncias reguladoras e perseguida pelas concessionÃrias de energia. Para tanto, o uso de sistemas de restauraÃÃo automÃtica vem ganhando destaque como uma ferramenta de apoio a operadores de centros de controle para a restauraÃÃo rÃpida e segura de redes elÃtricas em situaÃÃes de falta. Este trabalho apresenta duas contribuiÃÃes para a restauraÃÃo automÃtica de redes radiais de distribuiÃÃo de energia. A primeira consiste em um algoritmo para o posicionamento eficiente de chaves telecontroladas em redes de distribuiÃÃo. TÃcnicas de otimizaÃÃo multiobjetivo sÃo aplicadas para obter-se como resultado um conjunto de soluÃÃes nÃo-dominadas ao invÃs de uma Ãnica soluÃÃo. Com isso, a tomada de decisÃo para o posicionamento eficiente de chaves na rede elÃtrica à facilitado pela flexibilidade das mÃltiplas soluÃÃes oferecidas pelo algoritmo proposto. A segunda contribuiÃÃo do trabalho consiste em um modelo para restauraÃÃo automÃtica da rede de distribuiÃÃo de energia adaptÃvel Ãs mudanÃas de topologia e que garante a seguranÃa operacional da rede elÃtrica. O modelo proposto fundamentou-se em Redes de Petri Coloridas como ferramenta de modelagem. CaracterÃsticas de reusabilidade e extensibilidade foram buscadas e implementadas no modelo proposto. Como resultado, o tempo necessÃrio para restaurar redes elÃtricas em condiÃÃo de falta à reduzido sem comprometer a seguranÃa do sistema elÃtrico. Estudos de caso sÃo apresentados evidenciando os benefÃcios para concessionÃrias de distribuiÃÃo de energia com a implementaÃÃo das ferramentas propostas para melhoria da confiabilidade da rede elÃtrica.

nÃo hà / Esse trabalho propÃe um novo mÃtodo para sÃntese de supervisores em sistemas a eventos discretos, utilizando redes de Petri coloridas, baseado no contexto da teoria de controle supervisÃrio. Como aspecto principal, tem-se a formalizaÃÃo teÃrica e a prova matemÃtica do mÃtodo para sÃntese desses supervisores, denominado RestriÃÃes de Controle sobre Cores Decompostas (RCCD). AlÃmdisso, como consequÃncia, à apresentado ummÃtodo para reduÃÃo do nÃmero de lugares de controle denominado FusÃo de Controladores (FC). Os mÃtodos RCCD e FC sÃo uma extensÃo do trabalho de Moody e Antsaklis, que propÃem, originalmente, um Teorema comprovando a sÃntese de supervisores usando redes de Petri ordinÃrias e, dessa forma, sÃo propostas aqui as extensÃes desse Teorema, para o contexto das redes de Petri coloridas. Nesse caso, explora-se a decomposiÃÃo da matriz de incidÃncia de uma rede de Petri colorida para de&#133;nir lugares de controle que nÃo sÃo con&#135;itantes em suas aÃÃes, usando o soft CPNTools como ferramenta. A seguir, à realizada a fusÃo desses lugares de controle, obtidos com o RCCD, com a aplicaÃÃo do mÃtodo FC, em que o lugar de controle encontrado, denominado supervisor resultante da fusÃo, atende as mesmas restriÃÃes e contribui com a mesma performance de controle do sistema. / This work proposes a newmethod for synthesis of supervisors in discrete event systems using coloured Petri nets, based in the theory of supervisory control. As a main aspect, there is the theoretical and formal mathematical proof of the method for synthesis of supervisors, called Control Constraints on Decomposed Colors (CCDC). In addition, as a consequence, it is presented a method for reducing the number of control places called Fusion of Controllers (FC). The CCDC and FC methods are an extension of the work of Moody and Antsaklis, they propose, originally a theorem proving the synthesis of supervisors using Petri nets thus are proposed here extensions of this theorem to the context of coloured Petri nets. In this case, it is explored the decomposition of the incidence matrix of a coloured Petri net to de&#133;ne control places that are not con&#135;icting in their actions, using the soft CPNTools. The following is realized the fusion of these control places obtained with CCDC, with the aplication of the FC method. The obtained place is called the resulting fusion supervisor, where it is found the same constraints and contributes with the same control system performance.