The purpose of this project is to use Java technology to create an instant messenger application that could be used by any person who has the basic knowledge of working with a graphical user interface. The goal here is to develop an application that provides communication to users running different operating systems.

Over 50 years ago, Marshall McLuhan (2003), a specialist in communication issues, said that the world is becoming smaller and smaller every starting day, a result of the emergence of modern communication around the world. This situation has given birth to the conept `new technology´. This article will break down this new concept by looking at it through the lens of oral literature, which is used in Swahili communities. However, oral Swahili literature uses Kiswahili language, which is the languagge of communication at different levels throughout East and central Africa. The article will examine the ideals and opinions connected to oral literature described in the existing academic literature, and as one of the genres of narrative literature. It will look at the way in which the concept of new technology is explained by specialists, and in which ways this connects to oral literature. Advantages and effects which came about in the society after the coming of this notion will be discussed. The article ends with a conclusion and possible recommendations.

The constitution of the Republic of South Africa has mandated government to keep in touch with the citizens, by regularly updating them on the services available for the improvement of their lives, and further to constantly report back on progress made in implementing government policies. In recent years, the country has been experiencing sporadic service delivery protests especially at the local sphere of government (municipal level). The aim of the study was therefore to examine the success of the communication and information system of the South African government in disseminating information to citizens. The area of the study was the Province of Mpumalanga which is one (1) of the nine (9) provinces constituting the Republic of South Africa. For the study, quantitative research method in the form of a survey was adopted, the hypothesis tested and the findings generalised. In creating a sample frame for the study, both probability and non-probability sampling techniques were adopted. The type of data collection instrument adopted was a structured questionnaire. Single-stage cluster sampling was adopted for heads of government communication whereas judgemental or purposive sampling technique was adopted for citizens. Data was analysed utilising data tabulation, descriptives, and data disaggregation quantitative data analysis procedures. The key findings of the study, amongst others, are: (a) That the current communication and information system being utilised by the South African government has an impact (it has improved communication with citizens); (b) That the citizens prefer government to communicate with them in their own indigenous languages (communicating in all eleven (11) official languages); (c) That the citizens prefer face-to-face communication; (d) That citizens would like to receive government messages via social media (given its immediacy and interactivity); and (e) That the low status of the communication function at the local government level denies communicators access to information to be communicated. Amongst others, the study recommends that (1) communication should be recognised as a strategic management function in all spheres of government; (2) the use of radio as the primary channel of information should be strengthened; (3) face-to-face communication with citizens should be strengthened; (4) information dissemination should be done in all eleven (11) official languages, including in Braille and sign-language; (5) social media and SMS notification should be included in the government communication policy as one of its official information dissemination channels. / Communication Science / M.A. (Communication)

Thesis (M.Tech.: Information Technology)-Dept. of Information Technology, Durban University of Technology, 2007 xv, 150 leaves, Annexures A-J / Over the years, computers have been introduced to many South African classrooms in an attempt to improve education, and this is true for Previously Technologically Disadvantaged (PTD) schools in Kwazulu-Natal with learners whose first language is isiZulu. However, frameworks of computer learning vary widely and there is a crucial need to understand how specific situational conditions either facilitate or constrain the implementation of computer-supported learning in these schools. This thesis discusses research undertaken to document the process of introducing localised OpenOffice.org.za software with an isiZulu interface into Information Technology education at PTD schools in the KwaZulu-Natal province. The thesis also documents the process of introducing a dual language medium in Information Technology at the Durban University of Technology. The study investigates the English language as one of the possible causes of the lack of understanding of computers by English second language learners.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The modern correctional agency is characterised by the extensive use of information and communication technology (ICT) (e.g. computers, close-circuit television cameras, electronic monitoring systems) and human sciences technology (HST) (e.g. psychometric tests, therapy and educational programmes) to monitor, discipline and rehabilitate sentenced offenders inside and outside of institutions and to prevent their recidivism. As a result of this combination of ICT and HST, modern correctional institutions were transformed into socio-technical environments with serious implications for the relationships between those within and outside of the institution. The use of ICT for continuous monitoring of the prison and its population, has resulted in a situation where correctional officials, like prisoners, have become legitimate datasubjects. In addition to the privacy dilemma that resulted from this, continuous monitoring has also negatively affected the relationship between the state and those under surveillance (inmate, parolee, family of parolees and correctional officials). The utilisation of sophisticated technology by organisastions to achieve certain key objectives, does not necessarily bring about the desired results. Pistorius (1996) is of the opinion that only organisations who are true learning organisations will benefit from the use of such technology. This study aims to integrate all of these perspectives in order to determine the impact of technology on a single South African correctional institution. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die moderne korrektiewe agentskap word gekenmerk deur die omvangryke gebruik van gevorderde inligting- en kommunikasietegnologie (IKT) (bv. rekenaars, geslotebaan televisiekameras en elektroniese moniteringstoestelle) asook geesteswetenskaplike-tegnologie (GWT) (bv. sielkundige toetse, opvoedkundige en terapeutiese programme) om gevonnisde oortreders binne inrigtings en in die gemeenskap te moniteer ten einde hulle te rehabiliteer en hul terugval in misdaad te voorkom. Die kombinasie van GWT en IKT binne die gevangenis het gevolglik daartoe bygedra dat die moderne gevangenis tot In sosio-tegniese omgewing omvorm is met bepaalde gevolge vir die verhouding tussen gevangenes en korrektiewe personeel. Aangesien IKT meesal vir deurlopende monitering van die inrigting en diegene daarbinne gebruik word, word korrektiewe personeel net soos gevangenes, legitieme datasubjekte. Hierdie monitering oor die algemeen, skep 'n privaatheidsdilemma met bepaalde implikasies vir die verhoudinge tussen die gemoniteerde (gevangenes, geparoleerdes en hul families, korrektiewe personeel) en die staat. Die ontplooiing van gesofistikeerde tegnologie ter bereiking van 'n organisasie se sleuteldoelwitte, lewer egter nie outomaties die verwagte resultate nie. Pistorius (1996) argumenteer dat die optimale benutting van tegnologie slegs moontlik is in lerende organisasies. Hierdie studie poog dus om al hierdie sake te integreer teneinde die impak van tegnologie op 'n enkele Suid Afrikaanse gevangenis vas te stel.

The constitution of the Republic of South Africa has mandated government to keep in touch with the citizens, by regularly updating them on the services available for the improvement of their lives, and further to constantly report back on progress made in implementing government policies. In recent years, the country has been experiencing sporadic service delivery protests especially at the local sphere of government (municipal level). The aim of the study was therefore to examine the success of the communication and information system of the South African government in disseminating information to citizens. The area of the study was the Province of Mpumalanga which is one (1) of the nine (9) provinces constituting the Republic of South Africa. For the study, quantitative research method in the form of a survey was adopted, the hypothesis tested and the findings generalised. In creating a sample frame for the study, both probability and non-probability sampling techniques were adopted. The type of data collection instrument adopted was a structured questionnaire. Single-stage cluster sampling was adopted for heads of government communication whereas judgemental or purposive sampling technique was adopted for citizens. Data was analysed utilising data tabulation, descriptives, and data disaggregation quantitative data analysis procedures. The key findings of the study, amongst others, are: (a) That the current communication and information system being utilised by the South African government has an impact (it has improved communication with citizens); (b) That the citizens prefer government to communicate with them in their own indigenous languages (communicating in all eleven (11) official languages); (c) That the citizens prefer face-to-face communication; (d) That citizens would like to receive government messages via social media (given its immediacy and interactivity); and (e) That the low status of the communication function at the local government level denies communicators access to information to be communicated. Amongst others, the study recommends that (1) communication should be recognised as a strategic management function in all spheres of government; (2) the use of radio as the primary channel of information should be strengthened; (3) face-to-face communication with citizens should be strengthened; (4) information dissemination should be done in all eleven (11) official languages, including in Braille and sign-language; (5) social media and SMS notification should be included in the government communication policy as one of its official information dissemination channels. / Communication Science / M. A. (Communication)

Text in English / This study adopted a quantitative approach in order to produce numbers in relation to the diffusion of the new media. A descriptive quantitative survey was conducted – with sampling done in multi-stage probability – which comprised clustering, simple random, systematic, stratified sampling techniques, convenience and census sampling. A sample size of 379 respondents was selected, comprising 347 citizen-respondents and 32 government communicators (heads of communication). Data was collected utilising two (2) standardised questionnaires – one tailor-made for the citizens and the other for government communicators. Informed by the Diffusion of Innovations theory, this study has established that new media channels have difussed extensively within communities in the Province of Mpumalanga. This has provided a strong motivation to recommend that the communication policy of the South African government be amended, to include new media channels, like social media, as official government communication channels. / Communication Science / D. Litt. et Phil. (Communication)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T14:31:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Valdirene Gomes dos Santos de Jesus.pdf: 5598545 bytes, checksum: bf62d5b0433dcb74bf94333c011674e3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The present research aims to analyze how the planning and management dynamics was established in the continued formative process of the UCA Project Tocantins (from 2010 through 2013) using ICDT. The approach used for the analysis is qualitative and drew from the documentary research, which was based on data collected from minutes of both on-site and online meetings, agendas of work meetings and formative encounters, plannings, reports produced by the participants of the project and of CNPq (Brazil) researches, scientific production using data and projects developed during the formative process, and logs of the virtual environment. The formative documents were organized and grouped in three axes: the first included the official documents; the second had documents generated in the formative process; and the third viewed the developers' logs both during the process and in their classroom practice. The analysis allowed us to learn that the formative process happened in a dialogic, collaborative and cooperative manner, with the sharing of productions, reflection and reviewing of ideas, the collective search for solutions, the consensus, and the constant rethinking of actions enabled by the use of digital technology for data circulation, communication and collective decisions among the network members. This movement was shaped in a circular and ascending manner which was potentialized by the planning and management of the formative process as represented by the Project's Spiral. This process is represented by an ascending spiral movement, in which both individual and collective growth are developed by the participants. Such process is represented by the Spiral of the Formative Team in the Network of the UCA Project Tocantins, suggesting an innovation process to be considered for teacher development courses using ICDT. By understanding these processes, we can contribute for actions in teacher development courses - which use digital technologies as a basis - to potentialize the collective construction of knowledge, the development in networks, the participants' continuity and success, and also to promote technology integration with the curriculum heading towards the constitution of a formative web curriculum / A presente pesquisa tem o propósito de analisar a constituição das dinâmicas de planejamento e de gestão da formação contínua no Projeto UCA Tocantins (ocorrido de 2010 a 2013) com uso das TDIC. A abordagem da análise é qualitativa e se deu a partir da pesquisa documental, tendo como dados coletados as atas de reuniões presenciais e a distância, pautas de reuniões de trabalho e de encontros de formação, planificações, relatórios elaborados pelos participantes do Projeto e de pesquisas CNPq, produção científica elaborada a partir de dados e projetos desenvolvidos durante a formação e registros do ambiente virtual. Os documentos da formação foram organizados e agrupados em três eixos: 1º eixo - documentos oficiais; 2º eixo - documentos gerados no processo de formação; 3º eixo - registro dos formadores no processo de formação e na sua atuação na escola. A partir da análise foi possível identificar que o processo de formação ocorreu de forma dialógica, colaborativa e cooperativa, com o compartilhamento das produções, a reflexão e a depuração das ideias, a busca coletiva das soluções, o consenso, o repensar constante das ações, viabilizadas pelo uso das tecnologias digitais, possibilitou a circularidade das informações, da comunicação e das decisões coletivas entre os membros da rede. Esse movimento se constituiu de forma circular e ascendente potencializada pelo planejamento e a gestão da formação representado pela Espiral do Planejamento e da Gestão da Formação Contínua do Projeto UCA Tocantins e se realiza a partir de um processo em espiral ascendente, onde há um crescimento individual e também coletivo dos participantes representado a partir da Espiral da Equipe de Formação em Rede do Projeto UCA Tocantins, sinalizando um processo de inovação a ser considerado para cursos de formação de professores com o uso das TDIC. A compreensão desses processos pode contribuir para que as ações de formação de educadores que têm as tecnologias digitais como estruturante para a sua realização potencializem a construção coletiva do conhecimento, a formação em rede, a permanência e o sucesso dos participantes bem como, promovam a integração das tecnologias ao currículo rumo à constituição de um Web currículo da formação

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T16:44:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcia C P Adam.pdf: 2155435 bytes, checksum: 5d82929f5fd349752620c5bc2f78066d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-05-16 / The proposal of the present work is the presentation of a case study of fund raising with alumni from two Brazilian Higher Education Institutions, the FGV-EAESP and the Mackenzie; analyzed through the lens of relationship marketing. The referenced presentation resulted from the practical experience of these two institutions, making it possible to prove the importance of the relationship of these institutions to their alumni, representing much more than a source of sustainability. It signifies the continuity of the institutions, since the main purpose of the relationship is to keep strong the bonds of the alumni with their alma mater. For that, interviews with the leaders and fundraisers of the two institutions have been performed, with the intention to elucidate how the fundraising process with the alumni started, the techniques of making solicitations, and the results. The problem of the research follows from the question: how can relationship marketing contribute to fundraising with alumni of these institutions? Starting from the analysis of the fund raising developed by the two institutions with their alumni, it arrives at the central point of work, which is the analysis of the influence and the interposition of the relationship in relation to the results obtained from the fund raising. The approach of Relationship Marketing is appropriated to fund raising in non profit institutions and its relevance is essential in this research to understand the cases described and explain the successes realized. It is concluded that the tools of relationship marketing have been partially applied in the two institutions and resulted in success in fund raising, as can be confirmed in the respective financial results. The most important aspect is the commitment to keeping the relationship, by means of communication, information technology, and involvement. However, the alternation of power in the governing body of both institutions interrupts the leadership of fund raising, a fundamental factor for the success of this type of action with alumni. Without the maintenance and the continuity of the relationship with the alumni, the fund raising sector loses position in strategic planning, becoming weakened or completely abandoned / A proposta do presente trabalho é a apresentação de um estudo de caso de captação de recursos com ex-alunos de duas Instituições de Ensino Superior brasileiras, a FGV-EAESP e o Mackenzie; analisado sob a ótica do marketing de relacionamento. Esta pesquisa é resultado da experiência prática dessas duas instituições, e possibilita comprovar a importância do relacionamento dessas instituições com os seus ex-alunos, que representa, além de uma fonte de sustentabilidade, a continuidade das instituições, visto que a principal finalidade do relacionamento é manter aquecidos os vínculos dos ex-alunos com sua alma mater. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas com os líderes e captadores de recursos das duas instituições, com o intuito de elucidar como se iniciou o processo de captação de recursos com os ex-alunos, as técnicas de solicitação e os resultados obtidos. O problema da referida pesquisa parte da seguinte questão: como o marketing de relacionamento pode contribuir para a captação de recursos com ex-alunos dessas instituições? Partindo da análise da captação de recursos desenvolvida pelas duas instituições com seus ex-alunos, chega-se ao ponto central do trabalho, que é a análise da influência e da interposição do relacionamento em relação aos resultados obtidos pela captação de recursos. O enfoque do Marketing de Relacionamento é apropriado para a captação de recursos em Instituições sem Fins Lucrativos e a sua relevância é fundamental nesta pesquisa para se compreender os casos relatados e explicar os sucessos obtidos. Como conclusão, pode-se afirmar que as ferramentas de marketing de relacionamento foram aplicadas parcialmente nas duas instituições e obtiveram sucesso na captação de recursos, conforme se pode constatar nos respectivos resultados financeiros. O aspecto mais importante é o compromisso em manter o relacionamento, por meio da comunicação, da tecnologia da informação e de ações de envolvimento. Contudo, a alternância de poder no corpo diretivo de ambas as instituições interrompe a liderança da captação de recursos, fator primordial para o sucesso deste tipo de ação com ex-alunos. Sem a manutenção e a continuidade do relacionamento com o ex-aluno, o setor de captação de recursos perde posição no planejamento estratégico tornando-se enfraquecido ou mesmo levado ao completo abandono

Text in English / Born at a time of abundance of technology, including new media, e-teens have their lives woven around the use of new media technologies to the extent that they virtually do everything with the aid of these technologies, including learning, playing, socialising and communicating. E-teens, besides, demonstrate marked expertise in the use of these technologies. Although there have been various studies done on this group of users supported by models and theories on the use, gratifications and appropriation of new media technologies, the premise of this study was on two assumptions. First, there are limited studies that have been conducted in the sub-Saharan African context, especially, Ghana. Second, most available theories and models that guide the study of e-teens’ use, appropriation and the use of new media technologies are generalized and do not sufficiently highlight the unique attributes and gratification needs that are tied to their developmental stage. In light of these assumptions, the study was undertaken to provide empirical evidence on the types of new media e-teens have access to; the types of new media used by e-teens in their scheme of things and e-teens’ purposes for using new media. It also sought to find out the gratifications sought and obtained from the use of new media technologies by e-teens; the key features of new media appropriation and experience among e-teens and to identify the features of new media technologies which are most appealing to e-teens. The other objective, which serves as the main contribution of this study, was to develop a conceptual model representing new media use and appropriation among e-teens, thereby filling the theoretical or conceptual gap that exists in this context. The study adopted a quantitative approach whereby data was collected using close-5ended questionnaires. The target population were teens from age 13 to 19 in senior high schools in the Greater Accra region of Ghana, selected using a simple random sampling. The results of the study show that, overall, the most popular new media technology that e-teens had access to and owned was the smartphone. Leading among the apps that e-teens found to be appealing were educational, entertainment and information/news, with communicative and participatory features of new media technologies appealing to e-teens highly. Also, educational, sociability and social inclusion, respectively, were the most popular gratifications sought and obtained by e-teens. It is submitted that social inclusion, educational and sociability gratifications are considered to be directly in line with the unique developmental needs of e-teens. However, it is recommended, among other things, that educational use of new media, which was one of the strong points for new media use, should be further encouraged as new media provides borderless opportunities forlearning. The researcher believes that the conceptual model for e-teen use and appropriation of new media technologies provide a firm ground for further research on topics related to this subject matter. To provide support and substance to the e-teen model, other researchers are encouraged to test and extend it where necessary. In conclusion, the findings provide evidence that new media technologies are highly appropriated by e-teens because the technologies help them meet their unique gratification needs. Therefore, the study recommends that, although new media use among e-teens can be encouraged, it is important to ensure proper usage, which will not be detrimental to them. / Communication Science / D. Litt. et Phil. (Communication)