This dissertation provides analysis on several areas of study related to the history of the United States Marine Corps in the Civil War Era. One element scrutinizes the efforts of Commandant Archibald Henderson to transform the Corps into a more nimble and professional organization. Henderson's initiatives are placed within the framework of the several fundamental changes that the U.S. Navy was undergoing as it worked to experiment with, acquire, and incorporate new naval technologies into its own operational concept. Analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of Henderson's programs are provided and comparisons drawn with those priorities established by his successor, Commandant John Harris. In addition, the operations undertaken by the Corps during the Civil War are evaluated in terms of their relative benefit for the national military establishment as a whole. The Corps organization and operational concept is scrutinized and compared with that of similar military structures. In particular, the relationship between the U.S. Marine Corps and the Confederate States Marine Corps are compared. In the process, the South's Corps, born in part out of that of the North's, exhibited many distinct advantages that the USMC solidly resisted adopting during the war years. The influence of key leaders, both military and civilian, reveals many problems that continued to negatively affect the Corps' ability to meet operational requirements as defined by senior naval and Army commanders. Yet despite these issues, the Corps' Civil War experiences served as a crucible for forging a new generation of leaders who earnestly fought for reforms and increased professionalization of the unit. Although the Corps suffered from several problems related to lack of institutional vision and leadership failings of some senior officers, at a small unit level the officers and Marines performed their duties in a competent, enthusiastic, and courageous manner. Therefore, Marines continued to be in great demand by naval commanders at all levels, who actively sought their service in a variety of operation.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Orientador: Hernani Maia Costa / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T00:16:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aguiar_Leticia_M.pdf: 1633731 bytes, checksum: c17bac12fc673ab3170724f13e1f202c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Este trabalho tem o objetivo de resgatar a trajetória de um grupo de imigrantes norte-americanos que se dirigiu para Santa Bárbara d'Oeste, estado de São Paulo, ao final da Guerra Civil Americana, bem como o mito e a realidade que a envolve. Esse grupo é apontado pela bibliografia como o de maior sucesso relativo, dentre todos aqueles que vieram para o Brasil. O período de análise compreende os anos de 1866 (ano em que se estabeleceram os primeiros imigrantes na região) até 1900. Concentrando as pesquisas em fontes documentais primárias, procuramos elaborar o panorama das relações (especialmente econômicas) que envolveram esses imigrantes em Santa Bárbara e arredores. Utilizando escrituras de compra e venda, hipotecas, contratos de empreitada e agrícolas, testamentos, procurações, lista de eleitores, registros de casamentos, registros de impostos de indústrias e profissões, reconstruímos as relações estabelecidas por esses imigrantes com a população local e também entre si. As fontes demonstram que, aos poucos, os norte-americanos foram se integrando à sociedade local, inclusive naturalizando-se e participando ativamente da política, adquirindo imóveis rurais e urbanos e inserindo-se na economia local, primeiramente com a agricultura comercial do algodão, seguida pela cana-de-açúcar (inclusive com produção de aguardente), e pela melancia. Na área urbana foram proprietários de negócios de secos e molhados, dentistas, médicos, ferreiros, entre outras profissões. / Abstract: This work aims to recover the history of a group of North American immigrants who went to Santa Bárbara d'Oeste, São Paulo state, at the end of the American Civil War, as well as the myth and the reality that surrounds it. This group is identified in the literature as the most successful one among all those who came to Brazil. The period of analysis covers the years from 1866 (when the first immigrants settled in the region) up to 1900. Focusing our research on primary sources, we attempted to elaborate the landscape of relations (especially economic) involving these immigrants in and around Santa Bárbara. Using deeds of purchase and selling, mortgages, contracts of service and agricultural societies, wills, letters of attorney, list of voters, marriage records, tax records of companies and professions, we analyzed the relationships established by these immigrants with the local population and among themselves. The documents show that, gradually, the North Americans integrated themselves into the local society, becoming naturalized and participating actively in politics, buying real estate in urban and rural areas and entering the local economy, primarily through commercial agriculture of cotton, then the cane sugar (including the production of aguardente - sugar cane rum), and watermelon. In urban areas they were owners of grocery stores, dentists, doctors, blacksmiths, among other professions. / Mestrado / Historia Economica / Mestre em Ciências Econômicas

In late 1861, the Confederate Texas government commissioned Joseph W. Speight to raise an infantry battalion. Speight's Battalion became the Fifteenth Texas Infantry in April 1862, and saw almost no action for the next year as it marched throughout Texas, Arkansas, and the Indian Territory. In May 1863 the regiment was ordered to Louisiana and for the next seven months took an active role against Federal troops in the bayou country. From March to May 1864 the unit helped turn away the Union Red River Campaign. The regiment remained in the trans-Mississippi region until it disbanded in May 1865. The final chapter quantifies age, family status, wealthholdings, and casualties among the regiment's members.

No description available.

No description available.

The purpose of this thesis is to illustrate the importance of the military principle of unity of command by examining the military history of a Union army unit during the Civil War. The Mississippi Marine Brigade and its predecessor, the Ellet Ram Fleet, being a creation of the War Department, and yet conducting tactical operations within the scope of the Navy Department, vividly illustrates the problems inherent in joint army-navy operations. The brigade's primary mission was to counter guerrilla warfare in the Mississippi River valley. The text describes the organization, administration, and major operations of the brigade as a mobile, independent, private military force.

Orientador: Jose Ricardo Barbosa Gonçalves / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T04:02:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_CelioAntonioAlcantara_M.pdf: 51875897 bytes, checksum: 9b8fbd68102c0a13862607c10a52bfed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Este estudo teve por objetivo compreender os motivos pelos quais centenas de sulistas emigraram dos EUA para o Brasil a partir do final da Guerra de Secessão, em especial a partir da Reconstrução, em 1867. Argumentamos que o principal fator para a escolha do Brasil como destino incluía a existência de uma estrutura social hierarquizada cuja base residia na escravidão. Entre os principais líderes estavam militares confederados bem como políticos pró-escravidão e seus filhos. Os insucessos e infortúnios nas diferentes colônias confederadas estiveram associados às dificuldades em restabelecer a ligação que possuíam com o circuito mercantil-escravista. A única colônia que prosperou foi aquela localizada em uma região com um dos principais mercados de cativos do Brasil imperial: a colônia de Santa Bárbara, na região de Campinas. Não obstante a historiografia ter negado o papel da escravidão para a constituição da colônia, a análise documental mais detalhada revela-nos a altíssima relevância das relações dos confederados com o circuito mercantil escravista. Enquanto estiveram a ele ligados, as forças centrípetas da colônia eram suficientemente fortes para evitar a dispersão do grupo. É a partir de fins do século XIX, com a abolição da escravidão e a decadência progressiva da agricultura algodoeira que a colônia começa a se desintegrar. Apesar da maioria dos imigrantes e seus descendentes realizarem esforços na substituição do algodão por outro gênero comercial, a cana-de-açúcar, aos poucos a área das fazendas se reduz em função da queda na rentabilidade e das divisões destas quando da partilha da herança. A atividade agrícola dos confederados e descendentes passa então a tender à subsistência, e os membros da colônia se integram de maneira mais efetiva ao meio social circundante. Anos mais tarde, os casamentos entre membros da colônia tornam-se raros. Ao período de integração social segue-se o de dispersão geográfica dos confederados, culminando com sua diluição em meio à população de Santa Bárbara e Americana, cada vez mais marcadas pela presença do imigrante italiano / Abstract: The objective of this study is to understand the reasons for which hundreds of southemers emigrated from USA to Brazil at the end of the American Civil War, especially after the Reconstruction, in 1867. We argued that the main factor for the choice of Brazil as their destiny included the existence of a hierarchical social structure based on slavery. Among their main leaders there were military confederates as well as proslavery politicians and their sons. The failures and misfortunes among the confederate colonies were associated to the difficulties in reestablishing the connection that they possessed with the agrarian slave market circuit. The only colony that prospered was that located within an area with one of the main markets of slaves of imperial Brazil: Santa Bárbara colony, near Campinas. In spite of the denial from the historiography of the role of the slavery for the constitution of the colony, a detailed documental analysis reveals us the high relevance of the confederates' relationships with the agrarian slave market circuit. While they were linked, the cohesive forces of the colony were sufficiently strong to avoid the dispersion of the group. After the end of nineteenth century, with the abolition of the slavery and the progressive decadence of the cotton agriculture, the colony begins dissolving. In spite of most of the immigrants and their descendants to accomplish efforts in the substitution of the cotton for other commercial gender, mostly sugarcane, the area of the farms was reduced in function of the fali in the profitability and divisions of these because of the sharing of inheritances. The agricultural activity of the confederates' and their descendants tended to subsistence, and the members of the colony were effectively integrated to their surrounding social atmosphere. Years later, the marriages among colony members become rare. After this period of social integration, the confederates dispersed geographically, culminating with their dilution amid Americana and Santa Bárbara's population, more and more marked by the presence of the Italian immigrant / Mestrado / Historia Economica / Mestre em Desenvolvimento Econômico

This research examines a sample of North Carolina Confederates as they transitioned from citizen to soldier between 1861 and 1863 during the American Civil War, and it questions how levels of commitment and devotion emerged during this transformation. North Carolina Confederates not only faced physical and emotional challenges as they transitioned from citizen to soldier, but also encountered social obstacles due to the strict social order of the Old South. Orthodoxy maintains this social dissent hindered any form of solidarity among North Carolina Confederates. The question remains, though, why did so many North Carolinians remain committed to the Confederacy until death or surrender? This thesis addresses that question. It acknowledges traditional works on North Carolina’s Civil War experience, however it focuses on the war front more closely. By examining soldiers’ personal reflections to experiences encountered during their transition more understanding concerning soldiers’ shifting perceptions emerge. This thesis encapsulates a soldier’s transition through three stages: camp, combat, and campaign. Each stage offers insight into how perceptions toward fellow men, the home front, combat, and camp-life changed over time. Soldiers were exposed to unprecedented levels of fear, sickness, death, and nostalgia that shook their foundations. Levels of commitment were questioned as men encountered each obstacle. The reflections herein indicate men’s devotion actually increased by 1863 by engaging the basic duties of soldiering and learning to function together in the midst of combat. Self-awareness for health and survival, hard work, and camp life activities took on new meanings by 1863. Furthermore, this sample offers an example of how the constant interactions of men whether in camp or on the battlefield ultimately strengthened solidarity among troops. This thesis pays particular attention to soldiers’ attachments to natural landscapes, and their abilities to materially alter landscapes for the purposes of survival and respite. These North Carolinians reveal how experiences during their transition from citizen to soldier ultimately laid a foundation to remain committed to the war.