This thesis aims to explore the c.7,500 exhibition curated by Lucy Lippard as a culminating point for Lippard's activism in the arts, and more specifically, women's representation in conceptualism. Understanding Lippard's political involvement within the arts and the networks established before c.7,500 further illuminates the activist approach of an all-women's art show. Throughout Lippard's career, she has advanced the exposure of women artists through her curatorial endeavors and written criticism. Her Numbers series is continuously referenced today though little documentation of each show has been easily accessible. By looking at ephemeral artifacts and artworks from c.7,500 I aim to establish a collective analysis of the show in relation to second-wave feminism while simultaneously highlighting the significance of women in conceptualism. The unique nature of c.7,500 is best understood through the experimental index cards used to curate and organize the exhibition. Analyzing select physical items from the exhibition highlights both the material elements in the show while also lending women artists perspective on an array of topics such as labor, domesticity, land, space, and time. The synthesizing of activism, art, curation, and writing are exemplified in c.7,500 which consisted of artists from a variety of statuses. Lippard's main objective in her practice was to expose the works of underrepresented artists and through this analysis, I aim to do the same. Discussing selected artworks from the exhibition I connect feminist activism and ideology to the experiences and concerns of women artists creating conceptual artworks in the 1970s.

The nexus between terrorism and narcotics is historically well documented. However, its contemporary development is rarely brought to light. Rather, narcoterrorism is often considered to be an outdated phenomenon and characteristic of only Latin America. Nevertheless, narcoterrorism continues to be a global security concern. As terrorism has evolved over the recent decade, terrorist relations to the narcotic industry have also evolved. Understanding the unique characteristics of contemporary narcoterrorism is important to effectively combating both terrorism and narcotics globally. The intent of this thesis is to comparatively analyze the differences between traditional and contemporary terrorist organizations, and how these differences will affect the international nexus between the narcotic industry and terrorist organizations. The presented research supports the argument of an increasingly strong connection between contemporary terrorist organizations and the contemporary narcotic industry. Case study examples will give testimony to the historically significant and negative effects of narcoterrorism and illustrate the future of narcoterrorism. The overall objectives of this research project is to raise awareness of the role of contemporary narcoterrorism and to promote greater acknowledgement of its potential.

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This dissertation responds to the notion that the economic success and social integration of one imaginary figure, the “model minority,” can explain the downward mobility of another, the “white working class” in post-Brexit Britain. Through intersectional readings of Black and Asian British fiction written during and after Margaret Thatcher’s prime ministership, I examine the model minority myth as providing a racist explanation for rising inequality, but also as a burdensome imperative of neoliberal aspiration to which racialized British subjects are increasingly subject. I trace the origins of this exclusionary account of racialized belonging to the account in Salman Rushdie’s The Satanic Verses of the political possibilities resulting from the collapse of anti-racist solidarities under the sign of Black British identity in the 1980s. I show that the author’s non-fictional responses to the subsequent controversy known as the Rushdie Affair work to close off these possibilities, serving instead to justify Islamophobia one specific means by which racial neoliberalism functions as what David Theo Goldberg calls “racism without racism.” I develop this analysis of Islamophobia as form of racial neoliberalism by turning to two novels that depict coming of age for diasporic Muslim British women, contrasting Monica Ali’s Brick Lane as a normative narrative of feminist becoming through assimilation with Leila Aboulela’s Minaret, which complicates the agency assumed to be conferred on “Third World Women” who migrate to the Global North. In my third and final chapter, I trace the model minority trope across differences in Black and Asian British communities as evidence of the empty aspiration of “post-racial” Britain, contrasting the attempt in Gautam Malkani’s Londonstani to posit the figure of the “rudeboy” as an alternative “outsider” figure of aspiration, with Zadie Smith’s “insider” depiction of the social alienation that results from approaching the embodiment of this racialized ideal in NW. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / This dissertation discusses the influence of neoliberalism—the idea that capitalism represents the ideal model of organization for every aspect of human life—on Black and Asian British writing from the 1980s to the present. In the context of mainstream analysis of the June 2016 Brexit vote as an expression of “white working class” disaffection with rising inequality, I focus on how coming-of-age narratives by Black and Asian writers complicate an unspoken implication of this popular explanation: that neoliberal reforms have unduly advantaged so-called “model” racial minorities. Through readings that emphasize how the Muslim and/as racialized protagonists of these texts experience the recoding of racism either in the covert guise of Islamophobia or through the aspirational idea that Britain is “post-racial,” I demonstrate the highly tenuous nature of what social and political belonging racialized subjects can find amid the increasing individualism of contemporary British society.

A collection of poems by Juliana Ward

This essay is a study of Yinka Shonibare MBE, London-born and Nigerian-raised contemporary artist, and his recent photographic practice that includes three series: Fake Death Pictures, William Morris Family Album, and Medusa. Exploration of the series reveals insight into Shonibare’s unique relationship to photography, in which he employs the hyper-realism and theatricality of the medium to interact with individuals from British history and reveal contemporary social and political injustices.

Perception greatly affects the way we experience and understand the world. Using self-reflective research processes and data collection, I explore how art can subjectively re-present data and what this means for research and knowledge. The artworks through which I discuss these notions are Self Checkout 2013, Bibliography of Virtual Consciousness: Uniform Resource Locator Volumes 1-12 (BOVC:URL 1-12), and Observation Box. Self Checkout 2013 is composed of all of my receipts from 2013. They not only record my transactions, but also re-present data from which one can make inferences regarding my life—my consumer identity, my needs, my desires, etc. BOVC:URL 1-12 re-presents my web history and suggests a reflection on the relationships between physical realities, virtual realities, and the consciousness that mediates experience between them. These forms of data are analyzed by me and through audience participation in Observation Box in an attempt to construct multi-perspectival knowledges from art.

Com o surgimento das mídias eletrônicas e os processos de produção digital, sobretudo com o desenvolvimento dos programas de simulação espacial e de relacionamento social em realidade virtual e a crescente utilização do ciberespaço como território de suporte a estes fenômenos de existência imaterial, abriu-se vários caminhos em direção à transformação dos resultados únicos e previsíveis, contidos nos processos analógicos de produção, para um universo de exploração de resultados latentes, cuja potencialidade produtiva está na exploração da condição do inacabado, do transitório, do não plenamente definido e sua flexibilidade para ágil transformação. Esta nova condição sócio-digital, fez surgir situações exploratórias que testam os limites da ação produtiva do design e da arquitetura, onde o meio digital é base para a construção de objetos e espaços. A partir desta nova condição de produção de objetos e espaços sem objetivar a materialidade física, a ação produtiva se torna mais complexa, uma vez que os resultados são possibilidades ao invés de certezas e a ação de intervenção do usuário é parte determinante do resultado final e da percepção sobre estes. No mesmo tempo que traz relações complexa à condição produtiva, a imaterialidade dos resultados nos meios digitais permite, ao design e à arquitetura, explorar uma reserva de possibilidades direcionadas ao sensorium humano. Dentro contexto, esta tese se desenvolve centrada na hipótese de que, se é condição básica da arquitetura prover espaços que permitam, no mínimo, a ação humana em seu interior e a possibilidade de interação com os objetos ali presentes, a partir dos conceitos de espacialização e representação associados à produção arquitetônica, os espaços obtidos por meio da simulação em realidade virtual tornam-se potencializadores agentes de novos significados e o ciberspaço, mais um território a ser explorado pela arquitetura e pelo design. / With the advent of the electronic media and the processes of digital production, especially with the development of softwares for space simulation and social networking in virtual reality, and the growing use of cyberspace as a supporting territory for these phenomena of immaterial existence, multiple paths were open toward the transformation of the single and predictable results, contained in the analogical processes of production, to a whole of latent result exploitation, whose productive power is under the unfinished condition, the transitory, the undefined and its flexibility to an agile transformation. This new social-digital condition has brought exploring situations that test the limits of the productive action of design and architecture, where the digital environment is the basis for building objects and spaces. From this new condition of producing objects and spaces without aiming the physical materiality, the productive action becomes more complex, since the results are possibilities rather than certainties, and the user intervention is determinative for the final result and perception of those. At the same time it brings complex connections to the productive action, the immateriality of the result in the digital environment allows, in the fields of architecture and design, the exploitation of a range of possibilities for the human sensorium. Within this context, this thesis focuses on the assumption that, if providing spaces that allow, at least, the human action in its interior and the possibility of interaction with the existent objects is a basic condition of architecture, from the definitions of spatiality and representation related to the architectural production, the spaces obtained by simulations in virtual reality become powering agents of the new meanings and the cyberspace, another territory to be explored by the architecture and the design.

O presente estudo volta-se ao romance Água Viva, publicado em 1973 por Clarice Lispector, compreendido como exercício de radicalização da linguagem sob influência do pensamento pictórico, no qual o rastro material do processo e a possibilidade de uma expressão não-verbal entram em questão. Será desenvolvida uma discussão sobre o romance enquanto gênero literário, que se desdobrará em uma comparação entre as linguagens literária e pictórica, suscitada pelas constantes sugestões ao universo da pintura presentes em Água Viva. Ao se estabelecer um embate entre crítica literária e crítica de arte visual, serão analisadas as tensões entre arte e realidade nos projetos estéticos da contemporaneidade, por meio de uma comparação entre o romance de nosso recorte e expressões artísticas consolidadas na década de 70, como o minimalismo, a arte-processo e a arte conceitual, que, ao colocar a pintura em xeque, desencadearam um amplo ataque ao ilusionismo. A análise do objeto deverá nos mostrar de que maneira os debates em torno da chamada morte da pintura auxiliam a compreender os movimentos dialéticos de Clarice Lispector, alternando afirmação e negação da arte em uma de suas obras de maior experimentação. É nesse contexto que será lido Água Viva, romance que se dispõe a refletir com complexidade sobre a crise das representações. / The present study is an approach to the novel Água Viva, published in 1973 by Clarice Lispector; it is understood as a radicalization of language under the influence of pictorial thought, in which the material trace of the process and the possibility of nonverbal expression are at stake. A discussion about novel as a literary genre will be developed; this will unfold into a comparison between literary and pictorial languages, implied by the constant suggestions regarding the universe of painting present in Água Viva. The confrontation of literary critic and visual arts critic settles an analysis of the tension between art and reality in the contemporary aesthetics projects, by means of a comparison between the novel in view and the consolidated art expressions from the 70s, like minimalism, process-art and conceptual art, which, challenging painting, triggered a comprehensive attack upon illusionism. The analysis of the object may show us how the debates about the so called death of the painting can aid in the understanding of Clarice Lispectors dialectic movements, in which art acceptance and denial take turns in one of her major works of experimentation. It is within this context that Agua Viva will be read, a novel that is willing to plunge with high complexity upon the crisis of representation.

Este estudo buscou analisar a produção do artista norte-americano Dan Graham, enfocando a estreita relação que manteve com a arquitetura e a cidade ao longo de sua trajetória. Realizada em meios e suportes bastante diversiicados, a produção deste artista é bastante representativa do desenvolvimento da arte contemporânea a partir da década de 1960, marcado pela superação de códigos artísticos que culminaram com o rompimento dos limites ísicos dos museus e galerias. Através de intervenções em revistas, de suas performances e instalações, de seus recentes pavilhões de aço e vidro e de uma extensa produção de textos, Graham mobilizou conteúdos distintos provindos de campos como os da psicologia, do cinema e também da arquitetura para investigar a condição da arte, da cultura e das espacialidades na sociedade contemporânea. Por meio da justaposição entre suas obras e seus textos, onde lida mais explicitamente com questões exteriores à arte, torna-se possível identiicar a articulação entre a prática e o pensamento do artista, percorrendo de maneira mais aprofundada suas relexões sobre as estruturas sociais ou culturais operantes em contextos espaciais especíicos, seja dentro da galeria ou fora dela. Ao inal, espera-se que a síntese dessas questões permitam revelar os novos olhares construídos por Dan Graham sobre o campo da Arquitetura e Urbanismo, a partir de questionamentos que lhe são exteriores e que apresentam natureza distinta: suas propostas estéticas indagam as formas de produção da cidade contemporânea, sobretudo em relação à natureza cultural e social de seus espaços. / This study investigates the production of the American artist Dan Graham, focusing on the close relationship he mantained with the architecture and the city throughout his carrer. Held in very diverse mean and supports, the production of this artist is quite representative of the contemporary art development from the 1960s, marked by overcoming artistic codes that culminated in the disruption of physical boundaries behind museums and galleries. Through the interventons in magazines, performances and installations, his recent steel and glass pavilion and the extensive production of texts, Graham mobilized different contents stemmed from ields such as psychology, cinema and also the architecture to investigate the condition of art, culture and spatiality in contemporary society. By the juxtaposition of his works and his writings, which most explicity the deals with external issues to the art, it is possible to identify the articulation of Graham´s practice and thought, observing more deeply his relections on the social and cultural structures operating in speciic spatial contexts, either inside the art gallery or outside of it. At the end, it is expected that the synthesis of these isseus allow us to reveal the new perspectives built by Dan Graham on the ield of Architecture and Urbanism, pointing questions from a external and different nature: his aesthetical proposals inquire the contemporary city forms of production,especially in relation to cultural and social nature of their spaces.