Ce mémoire s’intéresse, à travers une étude de cas, aux facteurs environnementaux de l’espace public qui facilitent ou rendent difficile un rapprochement entre groupes sociaux différents. Il vient également mettre à l’épreuve des théories occidentales partagées entre les sciences sociales et le domaine de l’aménagement dans un contexte du sud global, plus précisément au Vietnam, à Hanoï. Le site d’étude est dans le quartier de Tan Mai au sud d’Hanoï, un quartier parmi les plus densément peuplés de la ville où l’on retrouve une forte concentration de migrants ruraux. Selon la littérature, il existe une forte discrimination entre les migrants ruraux et les Hanoïens. Dans le même temps, la sous-provision d'espaces publics ouverts à Hanoï limite les possibilités pour ces deux groupes de se côtoyer dans les mêmes espaces récréatifs et de socialisation. Face à ces constats, la fondation HealthBridge, l’entreprise sociale ThinkPlaygrounds! et le bureau d’UN Habitat au Vietnam ont développé une aire de jeux couplée à un jardin communautaire dont l’un des objectifs était de favoriser les relations entre migrants et non-migrants au cours de l’année 2019. Une étude post-occupationnelle de ce projet a été menée durant l’été 2022. Combinant enquête par questionnaires, entretiens semi-directifs et observations de terrain. Cette étude a permis d’identifier certains des facteurs liés à l’aménagement qui contribuent à faciliter ou à freiner les interactions intergroupes et qui participent à soutenir les relations entre migrants et non-migrantes dans cet espace. La recherche met en évidence non seulement un manque de connaissances, mais aussi les défis opérationnels auxquels sont confrontés les praticiens du domaine de l'aménagement lorsqu'il s'agit de concevoir des espaces favorisant les rencontres intergroupes. L'étude suggère une collaboration accrue entre les disciplines de l’aménagement et les sciences sociales pour améliorer l'opérationnalisation d'un design d'espace public soutenant les relations intergroupes. / Through a case study, this dissertation examines the environmental factors in the design of public spaces that facilitate or hinder interactions between different social groups. It also puts to the test Western theories shared between the social sciences and the field of planning in a context of the global South, more precisely in Hanoi, Vietnam. The study site is located in the Tan Mai district to the south of Hanoi, one of the city's most densely populated areas, with a high concentration of rural migrants. According to the literature, there is strong discrimination between rural migrants and Hanoians. At the same time, the under-provision of public open spaces in Hanoi limits the opportunities for these two groups to rub shoulders in the same recreational and social spaces. In response to these findings, the HealthBridge Foundation, the social enterprise ThinkPlaygrounds! and UN Habitat's Vietnam office developed a playground coupled with a community garden, one of the aims of which was to foster relations between migrants and non-migrants over the course of 2019. A post-occupancy study of this project was carried out during the summer of 2022. Combining a questionnaire survey, semi-structured interviews and field observations, this study identified some of the environmental-related factors that contributed to facilitating or hindering intergroup interactions. The identified factors also helped sustain relationships between migrants and non-migrants in the space. The research highlights not only a lack of knowledge, but also the operational challenges faced by planning practitioners when it comes to designing spaces that encourage intergroup encounters. The study suggests increased collaboration between planning disciplines and the social sciences to improve the operationalization of public space design supporting intergroup relations.

[pt] A tese investiga os princípios da pesquisa experimental para a criação de objetos em harmonia com o meio ambiente físico e social. A base para este estudo é a pesquisa realizada no Laboratório de Investigação em Livre Desenho (LILD) da PUC-Rio. Defendemos a tese de que a metodologia experimental para a pesquisa dessas técnicas se beneficia tanto de elementos da cultural material pré-industrial, quanto de técnicas informatizadas e do conhecimento universitário moderno. A partir do encontro desses diferentes saberes, a pesquisa experimental pode enriquecer seus parâmetros e ter maior potencial para a geração de objetos em harmonia com o meio ambiente físico e social. A tese conta com o resultado da pesquisa em dois campos - uma aldeia indígena na Amazônia e o laboratório CPI (Construction Process Investigation), da Universidade do Havaí. Também é feita a descrição de oficinas realizadas para o compartilhamento de técnicas desenvolvidas no laboratório. A partir dos elementos, apresentamos um debate acerca da pesquisa e do desenvolvimento de objetos em harmonia com o meio ambiente físico e social e concluímos que o encontro entre os conhecimentos da cultura material de sociedades pré-industriais e da pesquisa acadêmica ligada à indústria potencializa a metodologia da pesquisa de técnicas em harmonia com o meio ambiente físico e social. / [en] This thesis investigates the principles of the experimental research for the creation of objects that are in harmony with the physical and social environments. The base for this study is the research done in the Laboratório de Investigação em Livre Desenho (LILD). We defend the idea that the experimental methodology in this kind of research is enrichened both by elements of pre-industrial material culture and by modern academic knowledge. With these different knowledges, experimental research can enrich its parameters and have greater potential to create objects in harmony with the physical and social environments. Thus, the thesis has the result of two fiel researches - and indigenous village in the Amazon and the CPI (Construction Process Innovation) lab of the University of Hawaii. There is also a description of workshops that have been done to share the techniques developed in the laboratory. Based on these elements, we present a discussion about the experimental research and about the development of objects in harmony with the physical and social environments, and we come to the conclusion that the integration of elements of pre-industrial societies and of academic research related to the industry favors to the development of the methodology for research of techniques in harmony with the physical and social environments.

nÃo hà / O uso das redes sociais da internet por torcedores de futebol imprime novas dinÃmicas e cenÃrios para a prÃtica do torcer. Esta dissertaÃÃo à o resultado de uma pesquisa qualitativa e de carÃter etnogrÃfico, empreendida entre meados de 2015 e o inÃcio de 2017, sobre o cotidiano de um grupo de discussÃo online de torcedores da agremiaÃÃo futebolÃstica cearense do Cearà Sporting Club. Esse grupo se localiza na rede sociotÃcnica da internet chamada Facebook, e seu nome à homÃnimo ao clube de futebol ao qual seus participantes sÃo ligados: Cearà Sporting Club (CSC). Mediante um trabalho de campo efetuado em um interstÃcio do ciberespaÃo e alicerÃado, fundamentalmente, no cruzamento de uma observaÃÃo participante contÃnua e entrevistas com interlocutores chaves, este estudo procura compreender por meio de uma descriÃÃo etnogrÃfica, como os torcedores participantes do CSC operacionalizam suas maneiras de torcer ao experienciarem sua condiÃÃo torcedora nessa ambientaÃÃo digital? TributÃria da antropologia social e sociologia do cotidiano, essa investigaÃÃo estabeleceu diÃlogos teÃricos com autores como Deleuze e Guattari, Bruno Latour e Michel de Certeau, os quaisforneceram poderosas ferramentas analÃticas para melhor compreender a dinÃmica do campo empÃrico da pesquisa. As interaÃÃes torcedoras vivenciadas pelos participantes do CSC estÃo inseridas em uma convivialidade clubÃstica digital gestada naquele territÃrio do torcer, espaÃo digital da prÃtica torcedora que à atravessado por estratÃgias organizativas, pensadas particularmente pela moderaÃÃo do grupo, e por tÃticas nÃmades que garantem o dinamismo interativo entre os participantes e os conteÃdos publicados no CSC. Em ambos os casos, tanto essas tÃticas como as estratÃgias sÃo resultado de uma associaÃÃo entre as entidades tÃcnicas (atores nÃo-humanos) da plataforma do Facebook e os torcedores participantes do CSC (atores humanos). Nesse espaÃo online do torcer, o engajamento clubÃstico apresenta-se algo praticado cotidianamente pelos membros ativos do CSC, e um dos meios pelos quais esse engajamento à mais evidenciado à pela busca por informaÃÃes privilegiadas sobre o dia a dia da agremiaÃÃo futebolÃstica pela qual os participantes nutrem sua paixÃo clubÃstica. / The use of social networks on the internet by football fans gives new dynamics and scenarios to the supporting practice. This dissertation results of a qualitative and ethnographic research, fulfilled between mid 2015 to the early 2017, about the daily of an online groupâs fans linked to the association of the soccer team called âCearà Sporting Clubâ. This group is located on the internet sociotechnical network called âFacebookâ and his name is the same as the soccer club that to which its participants are fans, the Cearà Sporting Club (CSC) group. Through a field research made in a interstice of cyberspace and grounded, fundamentally, in the cross of a continuous participate observation and interviews with key interlocutors, this study seek to comprehend by a ethnographic description, how the fans operationalize their ways ofsupporting to experiencing their fan condition in that digital setting? Tributary of a social anthropology and daily life sociology, this investigation established theorists dialogues with authors as Deleuze and Guattari, Bruno Latour and Michel de Certeau, which provided powerful analytic tools to better understand the empirical fieldâs dynamic of research. The interactions experienced by the CSCâs participants are inserted in an digital club conviviality gestated in that supporting territory, online space to the supporting practice that is crossed by organizational strategies thought particularly by the groupâs moderation and by nomadic tactics which guarantee the interactive dynamism between the members and the published contents in CSC. In both cases, these tactics and strategies are results of an association between technical entities (non-humans actors) from the Facebookâs platform and the CSCâs participants(human actors). In this online space of supporting, the club engagement presents itself something practiced daily by active members of CSC, and one of the means that engagement is more evidenced is by the quest of privileged information about the day-by-day of the football association for whom the participants feed their club passion.

Summaries in German and English / Diese Arbeit unternimmt den Versuch die Themenfelder Evangelisationstheologie und Friedens- und Versöhnungstheologie gemeinsam zu denken. Dafür fragt sie danach, welche Impulse die deutschsprachige Theologie der Evangelisation aus der „Theologie der Umarmung“ Mirsolav Volfs gewinnen kann. Um dies zu erreichen gibt sie zunächst einen groben Überblick über die geschichtlichen Entwicklungen in der neueren Evangelisationstheologie um dann Leitlinien einer deutschsprachigen Theologie der Evangelisation herauszuarbeiten. Nachdem im folgenden Teil der Arbeit die „Theologie der Umarmung“ umfassende gewürdigt wird, werden beide Denkansätze in einem abschließenden Kapitel miteinander in Dialog gebracht und sowohl inhaltliche als auch methodische Denkanstöße für eine von Volf geprägte Theologie der Evangelisation diskutiert. / This work attempts to think together the fields of evangelisation theology and peace and reconciliation theology. Therefore it asks what impulses the German-speaking theology of evangelism can gain from the "theology of embrace" by Mirsolav Volfs. In order to achieve this it first gives a rough overview of the historical developments in the newer evangelisation theology and then elaborates guidelines of a German-language theology of evangelisation. After in the following part of the work the "theology of embracement" is comprehensively appreciated, both approaches are brought together in a concluding chapter and both content-wise and methodical thought impulses for a theology of evangelisation influenced by Volf are discussed. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M. Th. (Missiology)

This thesis examines the proposed Österskans development in Halmstad, Sweden from the approach of critical urbanism. With a steady increase of population growth for the past decades and despite the income level of the municipality's population being above the national average - the socio-economic segregation in Halmstad is prevalent. The planned development of the Österskans area, a former node of public transport located in the city centre, would see the space refitted to house a large-scale skyscraper complex containing a hotel, an urban market, a restaurant and a rooftop bar. The development and imposed semi-privatisation of the current public place have sparked debate, and a referendum on the matter will take place at the time of the national elections in september of 2022. This study employs the method of critical discourse analysis to investigate how aspects of convivial urbanism embeds the discourse on public space in Halmstad, how the development of public places can be understood through the discourse on shared spatial qualities in the case of Österskans and what implications such qualities could have on segregation. The theoretical framework consists of theory of space and place, critical urban theory on the right to the city, uneven geographical development, the human body as accumulation strategy as well as theory on conviviality. By the examination of 13 texts as qualitatively selected representatives of the discourse, the analysis centered around on how narratives, intertextual relations and structures can be understood. In the analysis, matters of how the narratives on conviviality is positioned, how social sustainability is addressed and avoided, assumptions of who constitutes the public, market value and attractiveness, the portrayal of diversity and inclusion versus the reality of it, the feasibility of achieving togetherness and the potential harmful implications of the development are all discussed. The study concludes that while claims of conviviality clearly do feature, the narratives of the discourse overlooks crucial factors of social sustainability and leaves blind spots of how to tangibly achieve inclusivity - along with the understanding of the inside experience of the consumer being prioritized and that it could negatively impact segregation by imposing an even further further socio-spatial divide.