The topic of the master thesis are the numerical simulations of magnetoacoustic waves in the solar corona in relation to the reconnection of magnetic field. The first part is devoted to the basic description of the Sun, its atmosphere and the processes that occur in it. Other sections are devoted to the description of reconnection of magnetic field and the description of solar flares taking place in the solar corona in relation to the mechanisms of magnetic field reconnection. Then the attention is focused on plasma waves and oscilations. The last section aims to simulate the startup options of the reconnection of magnetic field by oscillations and waves in the Harris current-sheet. Numerical simulations are implemented in FLASH 3.3.

Esta dissertação propõe-se a estudar a obra do Arquiteto Luís Fernando Corona a partir da identificação e do registro sistemático de sua produção e posterior análise formal de sua obra. O período abordado localiza-se entre os anos de 1951 e 1977. O primeiro ano marca o início de sua vida profissional, como arquiteto e professor do curso de arquitetura do IBA, enquanto o último diz respeito a seu precoce falecimento aos 52 anos. Dentre a produção de Luís Fernando Corona, encontramse os edifícios Jaguaribe (1951), o Tribunal de Justiça do Rio Grande do Sul (1952) e a CRT (1964), que conjugados a inúmeros outros projetos definem uma produção relevante no contexto da modernidade arquitetônica gaúcha. O trabalho também busca identificar as influências na formação profissional do arquiteto e sua contribuição para a construção de uma identidade moderna da arquitetura riograndense. O registro e análise da obra do arquiteto Luís Fernando Corona salvaguarda uma parte significativa da história da arquitetura do Rio Grande do Sul da segunda metade do século XX, quando se firma a profissão de arquiteto no Estado. / This dissertation intends to study the work of the architect Luís Fernando Corona through the identification and systematical organization of his production and the formal analysis of his work. The period of study covered the years between 1951 and 1977. The first year indicates the beginning of his professional life as an architect and professor of architecture at IBA, while the last one refers to his early death at the age of 52. Among Luís Fernando Corona's production are the Jaguaribe building (1951), the State Law Courts of Rio Grande do Sul (1952) and the CRT headquarters (1964), which with many other projects define an important contribution in the context of modern architecture in southern Brazil. This study also tries to identify the influences during the architect's professional fomation and his contribution for the construction of a modern identity of Rio Grande do Sul's architecture. The compilation and analysis of Luís Fernando Corona's work safeguards a relevant part of Rio Grande do Sul's architectural history in the second half of XX century, when the profession gains recognition the State.

Esta dissertação propõe-se a estudar a obra do Arquiteto Luís Fernando Corona a partir da identificação e do registro sistemático de sua produção e posterior análise formal de sua obra. O período abordado localiza-se entre os anos de 1951 e 1977. O primeiro ano marca o início de sua vida profissional, como arquiteto e professor do curso de arquitetura do IBA, enquanto o último diz respeito a seu precoce falecimento aos 52 anos. Dentre a produção de Luís Fernando Corona, encontramse os edifícios Jaguaribe (1951), o Tribunal de Justiça do Rio Grande do Sul (1952) e a CRT (1964), que conjugados a inúmeros outros projetos definem uma produção relevante no contexto da modernidade arquitetônica gaúcha. O trabalho também busca identificar as influências na formação profissional do arquiteto e sua contribuição para a construção de uma identidade moderna da arquitetura riograndense. O registro e análise da obra do arquiteto Luís Fernando Corona salvaguarda uma parte significativa da história da arquitetura do Rio Grande do Sul da segunda metade do século XX, quando se firma a profissão de arquiteto no Estado. / This dissertation intends to study the work of the architect Luís Fernando Corona through the identification and systematical organization of his production and the formal analysis of his work. The period of study covered the years between 1951 and 1977. The first year indicates the beginning of his professional life as an architect and professor of architecture at IBA, while the last one refers to his early death at the age of 52. Among Luís Fernando Corona's production are the Jaguaribe building (1951), the State Law Courts of Rio Grande do Sul (1952) and the CRT headquarters (1964), which with many other projects define an important contribution in the context of modern architecture in southern Brazil. This study also tries to identify the influences during the architect's professional fomation and his contribution for the construction of a modern identity of Rio Grande do Sul's architecture. The compilation and analysis of Luís Fernando Corona's work safeguards a relevant part of Rio Grande do Sul's architectural history in the second half of XX century, when the profession gains recognition the State.

The purpose of this work was investigate and measure the possibility to exist multipath caused by the corona noise generated in high voltage electric lines recepting GNSS signals. Experiments were realized with a 69 kV tension electric line localized in Santa Maria/RS. A serie was located with eleven transversal points to the longitudinal ranging of the transmission line. In this points, the eletromagnetic field was estimated using an equipment to measure the electromagnetic field EM-8000 model. Valuations was realized about the interferences on positioning by the absolut method, using a GNSS receiver with C/A code Garmin GPS II Plus model and the positioning by the relative method with the GNSS receiver L1/L2 Topcon Hiper model. To estimate the interference in the points was necessary to obtain the geodesic coordinates of this points without multipath possibilities caused of corona noise. For this was implanted a squared topographical polygonal where the support points were located far from the transmission lines, free of the electromagnetic field influence. Calculating the variances among the coordinates was necessary transform the geodesic coordinates obtained at GNSS receivers to the Local Topographic System, to make the systems compatible, using the rotation and translation model. Calculating was possible conclude that to the raising method and the geodesic equipment used in this experiment, in a 69 kV transmission line, the found discrepancies were in the standard deviation of 17,10 mm admitted to equipment GNSS receiver L1/L2 and 15 mm to GNSS receiver C/A code, in a 95% confidence level. So it was not evidenced interferences in the electromagnetic field at GNSS signal reception. / O propósito deste trabalho foi investigar e mensurar a possibilidade de haver multicaminhamento pelo efeito corona gerado em linhas elétricas de alta tensão na recepção de sinais GNSS. Foram realizados experimentos em uma rede elétrica com tensão de 69 kV localizado no município de Santa Maria/RS. Foi implantada uma série de onze pontos transversais ao alinhamento longitudinal da linha de transmissão. Nestes pontos realizou-se uma avaliação do campo eletromagnético gerado utilizando um equipamento medidor de campo eletromagnético modelo EM- 8000. Foram realizadas avaliações da interferência no posicionamento pelo método absoluto utilizando o receptor GNSS de código C/A Garmin modelo GPS II Plus e o posicionamento pelo método relativo com o receptor GNSS portadora L1/L2 Topcon modelo Hiper. Para avaliar a interferência dos pontos foi necessário obter as coordenadas geodésicas desses pontos sem possibilidades de multicaminhamento pelo efeito corona. Para isto implantou-se uma poligonal topográfica enquadrada em que os marcos de apoio localizavam-se distantes a linha de transmissão sem a influência do campo eletromagnético. Ao realizar o cálculo das discrepâncias entre as coordenadas foi necessário realizar a transformação das coordenadas geodésicas obtidas pelos receptores GNSS para o Sistema Topográfico Local para a compatibilização dos sistemas, sendo utilizado o modelo das rotações e translações. Realizando os cálculos concluiu-se que para os métodos de levantamento e os equipamentos geodésicos utilizados neste experimento, em uma linha de transmissão de 69 kV, as discrepâncias constatadas ficaram dentro do desviospadrões de 17,10 mm admitido ao equipamento receptor GNSS portadora L1/L2 e 15 m ao receptor GNSS código C/A, a nível de confiança de 95%. Assim não se constatou interferências do campo eletromagnético na recepção dos sinais GNSS.

Esta dissertação propõe-se a estudar a obra do Arquiteto Luís Fernando Corona a partir da identificação e do registro sistemático de sua produção e posterior análise formal de sua obra. O período abordado localiza-se entre os anos de 1951 e 1977. O primeiro ano marca o início de sua vida profissional, como arquiteto e professor do curso de arquitetura do IBA, enquanto o último diz respeito a seu precoce falecimento aos 52 anos. Dentre a produção de Luís Fernando Corona, encontramse os edifícios Jaguaribe (1951), o Tribunal de Justiça do Rio Grande do Sul (1952) e a CRT (1964), que conjugados a inúmeros outros projetos definem uma produção relevante no contexto da modernidade arquitetônica gaúcha. O trabalho também busca identificar as influências na formação profissional do arquiteto e sua contribuição para a construção de uma identidade moderna da arquitetura riograndense. O registro e análise da obra do arquiteto Luís Fernando Corona salvaguarda uma parte significativa da história da arquitetura do Rio Grande do Sul da segunda metade do século XX, quando se firma a profissão de arquiteto no Estado. / This dissertation intends to study the work of the architect Luís Fernando Corona through the identification and systematical organization of his production and the formal analysis of his work. The period of study covered the years between 1951 and 1977. The first year indicates the beginning of his professional life as an architect and professor of architecture at IBA, while the last one refers to his early death at the age of 52. Among Luís Fernando Corona's production are the Jaguaribe building (1951), the State Law Courts of Rio Grande do Sul (1952) and the CRT headquarters (1964), which with many other projects define an important contribution in the context of modern architecture in southern Brazil. This study also tries to identify the influences during the architect's professional fomation and his contribution for the construction of a modern identity of Rio Grande do Sul's architecture. The compilation and analysis of Luís Fernando Corona's work safeguards a relevant part of Rio Grande do Sul's architectural history in the second half of XX century, when the profession gains recognition the State.

Orientadores: Jose Pissolato Filho, Sergio Kurokawa / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T06:33:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Freitas_MichellyAlcantarade_M.pdf: 1141604 bytes, checksum: a3e880984ac7598f64499a8ad34269b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Neste trabalho é mostrado um estudo a respeito do efeito corona em linhas de transmissão. A linha de transmissão foi representada por meio de uma cascata de circuitos 1t e o efeito da freqüência sobre os parâmetros longitudinais da linha foi representado por meio de uma associação série e paralela de resistores e indutores. Neste trabalho o efeito corona foi representado por meio dos modelos de Gary e de Skilling-Umoto devido ao fato destes modelos permitirem a sua inserção na cascata de circuitos 1t. O sistema mencionado anteriormente foi utilizado para representar a linha por meio de variáveis de estado, onde as equações de estado são a corrente longitudinal e a tensão transversal em cada um dos circuitos 1t. O modelo desenvolvido foi utilizado para simular as sobretensões originadas por uma descarga atmosférica em uma linha monofásica. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com resultados experimentais mostrados em outros trabalhos. Esta comparação mostrou que os resultados obtidos com o modelo proposto são bem próximos aos resultados obtidos experimentalmente. / Abstract: In this work it is presented a study about the corona effect in transmission lines. The line was represented as being a cascade of 1t circuits and the frequency dependence of the longitudinal parameters of the line was synthesized with series and parallel resistors and inductors. In this work was used the Gary's model and Skilling-Umoto model for representing the corona effect because they can be inserted in the cascade. of 1t circuits. With the system above mentioned, a state model of the line was obtained using longitudinal currents and transversal voltages in each 11 circuit as the state variables. The proposed model was used to simulate the over voltages resulting of a lighting surge in a single-phase line. The simulation results were compared with experimental results that are available in several papers. It is possible to conclude that results obtained with proposed model are in agreement with experimental results. / Mestrado / Energia Eletrica / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica

É apresentado neste trabalho um novo método de carga de filmes dielétricos com descarga corona, no qual a corrente de carga da amostra é mantida constante durante a deposição dos íons, enquanto o potencial de superfície é medido pela técnica do capacitor vibrante. O método foi aplicado no estudo de transporte e armazenamento de portadores em polímeros, principalmente no Teflon FEP e PVDF. No Teflon FEP carregado com corona positiva e negativa, a superfície do material exerce um papel predominante. O transporte de elétrons é dominado pelos traps de volume. Para a corona positiva a injeção é controlada pelo trapping e detrapping das armadilhas superficiais. No PVDF os resultados obtidos são razoavelmente independentes da polaridade da descarga corona. Para baixos campos elétricos o potencial de superfície parece ser determinado pela condutividade do material, perturbado pela existência de uma polarização de volume. / A new method of charging dielectric films with corona current is presented here, the sample charging current being keept constant during the deposition, while the surface potential is measured by vibrating capacitor technique. The method was applied to study the carrier transport and storage in polymers, mainly in Teflon FEP and PVDF. For positive and negative corona in Teflon FEP, the surface plays an important role. The electron transport is dominated by bulk traps. For positive corona injection into the volume is controlled by surface trapping and detrapping. For PVDF the results are almost independent of the current polarity. For low electrical fields, the results indicate that the surface potential is determined by the material conductivity, perturbed by the build up of a bulk polarization.

Orientador: Fernando Galembeck / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Química / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T12:45:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos_LeandraPereirados_D.pdf: 6636066 bytes, checksum: 1088753dac4139ce09351108770ac021 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Nesta tese, investigou-se a eletrização e os mecanismos de acúmulo de carga em gotas de água e filmes de polietileno, bem como, avaliou-se o efeito das cargas elétricas em algumas propriedades desses materiais. A eletrização de água foi realizada de duas formas: pelo contato com uma superfície metálica polarizada ou expondo as gotas de água a um potencial eletrostático criado através do ar por um eletrodo sem contato. Em ambos os casos, observou-se que a água adquire excesso de cargas e que o valor detectado excede o limite de Rayleigh em algumas dezenas. Verificou-se que a presença de cargas em gotas de água leva à diminuição de sua tensão superficial e ao aumento espontâneo de sua área, por outro lado, não foi observada mudança na sua densidade. O reconhecimento desses fatos deve contribuir para uma maior compreensão de vários fenômenos eletrostáticos que ocorrem na presença de água em estado líquido ou adsorvida. A superfície superior e inferior de filmes de polietileno expostos à descarga corona adquire potencias elevados e opostos formando um filme dipolar. No entanto, a molhabilidade, a composição química e a rugosidade das duas superfícies são bastante diferentes. Enquanto a superfície superior é modificada pelo tratamento corona, a superfície inferior, apesar de se tornar eletrizada, permanece inalterada após o tratamento. Estes resultados mostram que a eletrização da superfície voltada para o eletrodo corona ocorre por um processo diferente da superfície oposta. A eletrização da superfície inferior durante o processo corona abre possibilidades para aplicações onde seja desejável ter um filme eletrizado, porém sem modificar as características originais da superfície / Abstract: In this thesis, we investigated charging process and the mechanism of charge build-up in water droplets and polyethylene films as well. We evaluated the effect of electrical charges on some properties of these materials. Charging of water drops was done using two different methods by: contacting an electrified metal or exposing water to the electrostatic potential created through air by a noncontacting biased electrode. In both cases, water drops acquire net electric charge and its value exceeds the Rayleigh limit in a few tens. It was verified that the presence of charges in water droplets leads to reduced surface tension and increased spontaneous its area, but there was no change in density. Recognition of these facts should contribute to further understanding of various electrostatic phenomena taking place in the presence of liquid or adsorbed water. Top and bottom surfaces of polyethylene (PE) films exposed to corona discharge display large and opposite electrostatic potentials, forming an electric bilayer. However, water wetting, chemical composition and roughness of the two surfaces are quite different. While the top surface is modified by corona treatment, the bottom surface is charged but remains unchanged after treatment. These results show that poling the surface closer to the corona electrode triggers another but different charge build-up process at the opposite surface. Charging of the bottom surface during corona opens possibilities for applications where it is desirable to have a polymer film charged, but without modifying the original characteristics of the surface / Doutorado / Físico-Química / Doutora em Ciências

Les matériaux textiles occupent une place importante dans notre quotidien. Les recherches actuelles s'orientent vers l'élaboration de matériaux à nouvelles propriétés techniques. Parmi les voies d'obtention, on peut citer le greffage de microcapsules ou de molécules cages rechargeables contenant un principe actif qui va être libéré au cours du temps donnant aux textiles de nouvelles fonctionnalités. Dans cette thèse, nous avons synthétisé des cyclodextrines originales dotées de groupements permettant leur greffage sur des fibres de coton après activation du substrat et qui conservent en partie leur capacité à inclure des principes actifs. Dans le souci d'utiliser des technologies propres et d'éviter l'utilisation de produits chimiques, notre choix s'est porté sur une activation par traitement Corona. Nous avons mis en évidence que ce traitement entraîne la formation de radicaux libres, une oxydation et un accroissement de la rugosité en surface des fibres cellulosiques. La conduite en parallèle d'expériences basées sur une activation chimique a confirmé que les radicaux libres formés au cours du traitement Corona sont impliqués dans le mécanisme de greffage de molécules allylées et notamment de la tétradécakis-(2,6-di-O-allyl)-β-cyclodextrine. Des analyses par gravimétrie, spectroscopie de photoélectrons X, thermogravimétrie et microscopie électronique à balayage ont démontré que le greffage avait bien lieu. Après greffage, la cyclodextrine conserve sa capacité à former des complexes d'inclusion notamment lorsque l'on utilise la phénolphtaléine comme molécule invitée ce qui ouvre des perspectives intéressantes pour ce travail / Textiles are omnipresent in our everyday life. Research in this area tends to elaborate more sophisticated or "clever" materials i.e. confer new properties by means of innovative protocols. Among the available protocols, we can propose the grafting of microcapsules or host molecules able to guest an active substance which can be evolved. In our study, we synthesized original cyclodextrins bearing functional groups that allow their grafting on activated cotton fabrics. These entities maintain their inclusion ability. For activation purpose, we chose an "ecofriend" technology which does not require solvents, the corona discharge treatment (CDT). We evidenced that formation of free radicals, oxidation, and increase of roughness occur at the surface of cellulose during treatment. By carrying out experiments based on chemical activation, we concluded that free radicals are implied in grafting mechanism of allyl molecules and especially tetradecakis-(2,6-di-O-allyl)-β-cyclodextrin. Analysis by gravimetry, X ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and scanning electon microscopy give the proof that grafting was effective. The inclusion ability of the modified β-cyclodextrins after grafting was studied with the dye extinction method determined by inclusion of phenolphthalein

One of the most persistent problem in solar physics is the identification of the mechanism that heats the solar corona and accelerates the fast solar wind. Magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD)waves play a crucial role in heating of the solar corona and acceleration of the solar wind. Different types of oscillations have been now observed by various instruments. These are interpreted as due to ubiquitous presence of MHD waves. The magnetic field plays a fundamental role in the propagation and properties of these MHD waves. The topology (structure)of the magnetic fields are different in different regions of the solar atmosphere viz., active regions (high-lying closed magnetic fields), quiet Sun (low-lying closed magnetic fields) and coronal holes (open magnetic fields). The purpose of this dissertation is to study the nature of these propagating MHD waves in different regions of the solar atmosphere. It is believed that polar coronal holes which connects the inner corona and the solar wind, are the source regions of the fast solar wind. The on-disk part of a polar coronal hole can be divided into network and internetwork regions. Long time series(sit-and-stare)data have been obtained from the SUMER/SoHO spectrometer in N iv 765Å and Ne viii 770Å spectral lines to search for the presence of waves in these two different regions from a statistical approach. The network bright regions indicate the presence of compressional waves with a dominant period of ≈ 25 min in both the lines. Moreover, we found that there is a difference in the nature of the wave propagation in the bright (‘network’), as opposed to the dark (‘internetwork’) regions, with the latter sometimes showing evidence of downwardly propagating waves that are not seen in the former. This is consistent with the magnetic topology, as open field lines are rooted in network regions whereas internetwork region has low lying closed field lines. From a measurement of propagation speeds, we found all waves are subsonic, indicating that the majority of them are slow magneto-acoustic in nature. The off-limb part of coronal holes can be divided into plume and inter-plume regions. The simultaneous observations were performed with EIS/Hinode and SUMER/SoHO spectrometer in Fe xii 195Å and Ne viii 770Å spectral lines respectively. We detected the presence of accelerating waves in a polar inter-plume region with a period of 15 min to 20 min in both the spectral lines and a propagation speed increasing from 130 ± 14 km s−1 just above the limb, to 330 ± 140 kms s−1 around 160” above the limb. These waves can be traced to originate from a bright region of the on-disk part of the coronal hole which can be visualized as the base of the coronal funnels. The adjacent plume region also shows the presence of propagating disturbance with the same range of periodicity but with propagation speeds in the range of 135 ± 18 kms s−1 to 165 ± 43 kms s−1 only. We found that the waves within the plumes are not observable (may be getting dissipated) far off-limb whereas this is not the case in the inter-plume region. We suggested that the waves are likely either Alfv´enic or fast magneto-acoustic in the inter-plume regions and slow magneto-acoustic in the plume regions. These results support the view that the inter-plume regions area preferred channel for the acceleration of the fast solar wind. The quiet Sun can be further divided into bright magnetic (network), bright non-magnetic and dark non-magnetic (internetwork) regions. Simultaneous observations were performed in Ca ii filtergram from SOT/Hinode, TRACE 1550Åpassband and with SUMER/SoHO spectrometer in N iv 765ÅandNe viii 770Åspectral lines to study the oscillations in these different regions. We detected the presence of long period oscillations with periods between 15 min to 30 min in bright magnetic regions. The oscillations were detected from chromospheric height to low coronal heights. Power maps showed that low period powers are mainly concentrated in dark regions whereas long period powers are concentrated in bright magnetic regions. We proposed that these 15 min and above periods can propagate up to the coronal heights through ‘magneto¬acoustic portals’. However in this case only with the spectral imaging data, it was not possible to identify the mode of wave propagation. To detect the presence of waves in active regions, we have analysed the imaging and spec¬troscopic data acquired during the total solar eclipse of 2006 and 2009 respectively. We found the oscillations of periods 27 s and 20 s in imaging data obtained in green (Fe xiv 5303Å) and red (Fe x 6374Å) coronal emission lines respectively. Significant oscillations with high proba¬bility estimates were detected at boundary of active region and in the neighbourhood, rather than within the loops itself. We also reported the detection of oscillations in intensity, velocity and line width having periods in the range of 25 s to 50 s with spectroscopic data again obtained in green and red coronal emission lines. These high frequency oscillations were interpreted in terms of presence of fast magneto-acoustic waves or torsional Alfv´en waves. These detected propagating MHD waves may carry sufficient energy to heat the corona and provide enough momenta to accelerate the fast solar wind. In addition, these waves may also provide input for the measurement of coronal magnetic field using the technique of ‘coronal seismology’.