O objetivo desta dissertação é examinar a motivação de os EUA terem formalizado seu apoio diplomático à candidatura da Índia para a obtenção de um assento permanente no Conselho de Segurança da ONU, enquanto mantêm uma postura mais reticente em relação ao pleito do Brasil. A hipótese primordial é a de que a diplomacia estadunidense busca defender interesses próprios; a parceria estratégica com a Índia viria, portanto, interligada à manutenção da influência dos EUA na Ásia, região onde a esfera de influência da chinesa é crescente. Para tanto esta dissertação também abordará o processo de deliberações a respeito da reforma do Conselho de Segurança, a qual se encontra presente na mesa de negociações desde os anos 1990. Busca-se analisar as propostas dos grupos de pressão que se colocaram em torno deste tema, buscando observar quais são suas argumentações em defesa de seus projetos e críticas em relação aos outros. Além disso, também examina-se a postura dos membros permanentes do CSNU em relação a uma possível reforma das Nações Unidas. Com isso, busca-se inferir quais seriam os obstáculos que tem atravancado o processo de reforma das Nações Unidas e se Brasil e Índia estariam próximos ou distantes de atingir o objetivo de adentrar no CSNU como membros permanentes. Ainda, também analisa-se as inserções internacionais de Brasil e Índia, buscando observar semelhanças e diferenças tanto em seu comportamento na esfera internacional como em suas capacidades de atuação no sistema internacional. Observa-se que, pelo fato de serem grandes países com grandes populações, crescentes economias, com sistema democrático estável e amplo engajamento nas Nações Unidas, há mais semelhanças do que diferenças na inserção destes dois países e, como potências emergentes, demonstram se credenciar à vaga permanente no Conselho de Segurança. / The aim of this dissertation is to examine the motivation of the USA support over de Indian candidature for a permanent seat in the United Nations Security Council, while USA is reticent about the Brazilian claim. The main hypothesis is that the USA diplomacy is seeking to defend its own interests; the strategic partnership with India, thus, comes from the maintenance of the USA influence in Asia, region where the sphere of influence of China is growing. This dissertation will approach the deliberation process on the Security Council reform, which is present in negotiations since de 1990s. The aim is, therefore, analyze the proposals of the lobbies that ate engaged in this topic. Besides, it is also examined the position of the UNSC permanent members in relation to the possibility of the United Nation reform. Therewith, it aims to conclude what are the obstacles that are obstructing the process of the United Nations reform and if Brazil and India would be close or far to achieve the goal of becoming new permanent members of the UNSC. Moreover, it is also analyzed the international insertion of Brazil and India, seeking to observe similarities and differences in their behavior in the international field and in their ability of act in the international system. It is observed that, because they are big countries with big populations, growing economies, with stable democratic system and broader engagement in the United Nations, there are more similarities than differences in the international insertion of these two countries and, as emerging powers, it shows that they accredit the Security Council permanent seat.

No description available.

Indigenous peoples as political actors in the Arctic Council is an understudied subject.Indigenous peoples have a unique status as Permanent Participants to the Arctic Council,enabling them to affect the policy-making and decisions made within the Council. There areconcerns, however, to the level of Indigenous peoples’ inclusion. Research shows that theworking relationships between the eight Arctic member states of the Council and thePermanent Participants creates dependency, among other things because the PermanentParticipants rely on funding from the member states. This in turn questions the status of thePermanent Participants, and whether they are included into the Arctic Council as independentpolitical actors. This paper aims to build upon research done by Michaela Louise Coote andMonica Tennberg, researchers whom both have contributed to this field of research.

Submitted by THASSIO SOARES ROCHA ALVES null (thassiorocha@hotmail.com) on 2016-03-11T19:41:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO Thassio Alves.pdf: 1271683 bytes, checksum: a34da3a33a0b2c58a088c23fdcf718ef (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-03-15T16:24:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 alvez_tsr_me_mar.pdf: 1271683 bytes, checksum: a34da3a33a0b2c58a088c23fdcf718ef (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T16:24:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 alvez_tsr_me_mar.pdf: 1271683 bytes, checksum: a34da3a33a0b2c58a088c23fdcf718ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente estudo tem por objetivo a investigação da criação de dois instrumentos da Organização das Nações Unidas para a garantia dos Direitos Humanos, o Conselho de Segurança e a Convenção para a Prevenção e Repressão do Crime de Genocídio. Além disso, a principal linha de estudo é que os dois instrumentos supracitados não conseguiram evitar que casos de genocídio voltassem a ocorrer após o Holocausto, como nos casos do Camboja, Antiga Iugoslávia, Ruanda e Darfur, estes dois últimos o foco deste trabalho. Para atingir o objetivo proposto foi feito um estudo cronológico dos eventos, começando pela criação da ONU e o Conselho de Segurança, passando pela Convenção do Genocídio até chegar aos casos dos países africanos. Esta metodologia nos permite entender que mesmo com os esforços das Nações Unidas para garantir a paz e a segurança internacional, os resultados mostram que as medidas não foram suficientes, cabendo então à reflexão dos porquês. O principal objetivo que levou ao estudo deste tema é a busca de entender os motivos da ineficiência da Convenção do Genocídio, buscando nas resoluções aprovadas pelo Conselho de Segurança uma semelhança entre os casos, mostrando assim se há um padrão. Havendo este padrão, se faz necessário entender quais interesses por parte dos países com direito a veto no Conselho, para saber se esses interesses tiveram relações com os genocídios. Sendo assim, a crítica à postura tanto dos membros permanentes, como também de todos os países signatários da Convenção para Prevenção e Repressão ao Crime de Genocídio é importante, pois todos falharam diversas vezes com suas responsabilidades, cabendo então a análise de possíveis alternativas. / This study aims to investigate the creation of two instruments of the United Nations to guarantee the human rights, the Security Council and the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. In addition, the main line of the study is that the two aforementioned instruments failed to prevent cases of genocide returned to occur after the Holocaust, as in the cases of Cambodia, the former Yugoslavia, Rwanda and Darfur, the latter two the focus of this work. To achieve this purpose was made a chronological study of events, beginning with the UN's creation and the Security Council, through the Genocide Convention until you get to the cases of African countries. This methodology allows us to understand that even in with the UN efforts to ensure peace and international security, the results show that the measures were not enough, then fitting reflection of the whys. The main objective that led to the study of this theme is the quest to understand the reasons for the inefficiency of the Genocide Convention, seeking the resolutions adopted by the Security Council a similarity between the cases, showing if there is a pattern. Having this standard, it is necessary to understand what interests by the countries with a veto in the Council to see if these interests have relations with genocide. Therefore, the criticism of the stance of both the permanent members, as well as all countries signatories to the Convention for the Prevention and Repression of the Crime of Genocide is important since all failed several times with their responsibilities, then fitting the analysis of possible alternatives.

The thesis collects and analyses the very first (2nd-5th century) clear quotations, references and interpretations of Acts 15:20.29 and Acts 21:25. It consists of three parts: Part I, which is introductory in nature, presents and comments upon the textual variants of these biblical verses. Part II catalogues and analyses all the relevant texts referring to and commenting on Acts 15:20.29 and Acts 21:25. The purpose is to discover each ancient author’s understanding of the Jerusalem Council’s prohibitions, enumerated in the above verses of Acts. The writers and their texts are divided into three groups depending on which main textual variant of Acts 15:20.29 and Acts 21:25 they referred or quote. Part III presents in its first two chapters a synthesis of the above analyses, juxtaposing and summarizing early authors’ views on the meaning and normativity of the prohibitions. Then, the last chapter examines the potential influence of a variant of Acts 15:20.29 and 21:25 quoted or referred to (or preferred if more variants were known to a given author) by the writers on their understanding of the prohibitions. The thesis shows that despite different textual variants used by the early writers, their interpretations of the prohibitions, although often superficially different, have in a number of cases and on a deeper level more in common than one would preliminarily surmise.

Submitted by William de Andrade Funchal null (w.funchal@uol.com.br) on 2017-01-09T11:52:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Completa Revisada.pdf: 1652425 bytes, checksum: 0104633e66437332fbc7e6baf7772b97 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by LUIZA DE MENEZES ROMANETTO (luizamenezes@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-01-11T17:45:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 funchal_wa_me_fran.pdf: 1652425 bytes, checksum: 0104633e66437332fbc7e6baf7772b97 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-11T17:45:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 funchal_wa_me_fran.pdf: 1652425 bytes, checksum: 0104633e66437332fbc7e6baf7772b97 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A proposta deste estudo é investigar o funcionamento da câmara municipal de São Paulo no período no qual a capitania esteve politicamente subordinada ao governador do Rio de Janeiro e ao governador militar de Santos, entre 1748-1765. Com base na vasta literatura sobre a instituição camarária, a hipótese inicial deste trabalho era de que a governança local teria se posicionado a favor da decisão da Coroa portuguesa em suprimir o governador da capitania em virtude das reformas político-administrativas aplicadas no centro-sul que visavam otimizar a exploração dos sertões minerais. A pesquisa, contudo, revelou que a câmara foi contrária à supressão da autonomia, embora essa reação tenha ocorrido apenas nos anos iniciais e finais desse intervalo. Mas a mudança mais significativa foi o reordenamento da interlocução dos camaristas com o funcionalismo régio, o que assegurou as bases de sua governabilidade. A sobrevivência da instituição camarária e a manutenção de sua jurisdição em uma capitania sem governador contribuíram para comprovar seu vigor institucional. Por outro lado, a pesquisa demonstrou que essa supressão de governador pode ser melhor compreendida se vinculada às tensões entre as coroas ibéricas na definição de suas balizas geográficas na América. Para entender esse momento singular da história da câmara de São Paulo, de sede de uma capitania sem autonomia administrativa, foi feito um recuo ao período do governo de D. Luís Mascarenhas (1739-1748) para definir o comportamento político da câmara no período posterior, tendo como referência a relação com esse general. No que concerne à documentação foram utilizados acervos especialmente administrativos de âmbito municipal e ofícios trocados entre as autoridades régias. / The purpose of this study is to investigate the functioning of the São Paulo’s municipal council in the years 1748 to 1765, a period in which the captaincy was politically subordinate to the governor of Rio de Janeiro and the military governor of Santos. Based on the extensive literature on the subject, the initial hypothesis was that local governance would be positioned in favor of the Portuguese Crown decision to abolish the governor of the captaincy because of political and administrative reforms implemented in southcentral optimize the exploitation of mineral lands. The survey, however, revealed that the town council was against the suppression of autonomy, although this reaction has occurred only in the early years and end of that range. But the most significant change was the reorganization council’s dialogue with the royal bureaucracy, which ensured the basis of its governance. The survival of the city council institution and maintenance of its jurisdiction in a captaincy without governor contributed to prove its institutional force. On the other hand, research has shown that suppression governor can be better understood if linked to tensions between the Iberian crowns in defining their geographical beacons in America. To understand this unique moment in the history of the São Paulo’s city council, headquarters of a captaincy without administrative autonomy, it was made a retreat to the government for the period of D. Luís Mascarenhas (1739-1748) to define the political behavior of the council in the period with reference to this general relationship. As regarding the documentation were used especially administrative collections of municipal and letters exchanged between the royal authorities. / FAPESP: 2014/23905-1

O objetivo desta dissertação é examinar a motivação de os EUA terem formalizado seu apoio diplomático à candidatura da Índia para a obtenção de um assento permanente no Conselho de Segurança da ONU, enquanto mantêm uma postura mais reticente em relação ao pleito do Brasil. A hipótese primordial é a de que a diplomacia estadunidense busca defender interesses próprios; a parceria estratégica com a Índia viria, portanto, interligada à manutenção da influência dos EUA na Ásia, região onde a esfera de influência da chinesa é crescente. Para tanto esta dissertação também abordará o processo de deliberações a respeito da reforma do Conselho de Segurança, a qual se encontra presente na mesa de negociações desde os anos 1990. Busca-se analisar as propostas dos grupos de pressão que se colocaram em torno deste tema, buscando observar quais são suas argumentações em defesa de seus projetos e críticas em relação aos outros. Além disso, também examina-se a postura dos membros permanentes do CSNU em relação a uma possível reforma das Nações Unidas. Com isso, busca-se inferir quais seriam os obstáculos que tem atravancado o processo de reforma das Nações Unidas e se Brasil e Índia estariam próximos ou distantes de atingir o objetivo de adentrar no CSNU como membros permanentes. Ainda, também analisa-se as inserções internacionais de Brasil e Índia, buscando observar semelhanças e diferenças tanto em seu comportamento na esfera internacional como em suas capacidades de atuação no sistema internacional. Observa-se que, pelo fato de serem grandes países com grandes populações, crescentes economias, com sistema democrático estável e amplo engajamento nas Nações Unidas, há mais semelhanças do que diferenças na inserção destes dois países e, como potências emergentes, demonstram se credenciar à vaga permanente no Conselho de Segurança. / The aim of this dissertation is to examine the motivation of the USA support over de Indian candidature for a permanent seat in the United Nations Security Council, while USA is reticent about the Brazilian claim. The main hypothesis is that the USA diplomacy is seeking to defend its own interests; the strategic partnership with India, thus, comes from the maintenance of the USA influence in Asia, region where the sphere of influence of China is growing. This dissertation will approach the deliberation process on the Security Council reform, which is present in negotiations since de 1990s. The aim is, therefore, analyze the proposals of the lobbies that ate engaged in this topic. Besides, it is also examined the position of the UNSC permanent members in relation to the possibility of the United Nation reform. Therewith, it aims to conclude what are the obstacles that are obstructing the process of the United Nations reform and if Brazil and India would be close or far to achieve the goal of becoming new permanent members of the UNSC. Moreover, it is also analyzed the international insertion of Brazil and India, seeking to observe similarities and differences in their behavior in the international field and in their ability of act in the international system. It is observed that, because they are big countries with big populations, growing economies, with stable democratic system and broader engagement in the United Nations, there are more similarities than differences in the international insertion of these two countries and, as emerging powers, it shows that they accredit the Security Council permanent seat.

abstract: Rhetorical theorist Kenneth Burke has asserted the significance of paying equal, if not more attention to, propagandist rhetoric, arguing that "there are other ways of burning books on the pyre-and the favorite method of the hasty reviewer is to deprive himself and his readers by inattention." Despite Burke's exhortation, attention to white supremacist discourse has been relatively meager. Historians Clive Webb and Charles Eagles have called for further research on white supremacy arguing that attention to white supremacist discourse is important both to fully understand and appreciate pro-civil rights rhetoric in context and to develop a more complex understanding of white supremacist rhetoric. This thesis provides a close examination of the literature and rhetoric of two white supremacist organizations: the Citizens' Council, an organization that sprang up in response to the 1954 landmark decision of Brown v. Board of Education and Stromfront.org, a global online forum community that hosts space for supporters of white supremacy. Memory scholars Barbie Zelizer, John Bodnar, and Stephen Brown note the usability of memory to shape social, political, and cultural aspects of society and the potential implications of such shaping. Drawing from this scholarship, the analysis of these texts focuses specifically on the rhetorical shaping of memory as a vehicle to promote white supremacy. Through an analysis of the Citizens' Council's use of historical events, national figures and cultural stereotypes, Chapter 1 explicates the organization's attempt to form a memorial narrative that worked to promote political goals, create a sense of solidarity through resistance, and indoctrinate the youth in the ideology of white supremacy. Chapter 2 examines the rhetorical use of memory on Stormfront and explains how the website capitalizes upon the wide reaching global impact of World War II to construct a memorial narrative that can be accessed by a global audience of white supremacists. Ultimately, this thesis offers a focused review of the rhetorical signatures of two white supremacist groups with the aim of combating contemporary instantiations of racist discourse. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.A. English 2013

O objetivo desta dissertação é examinar a motivação de os EUA terem formalizado seu apoio diplomático à candidatura da Índia para a obtenção de um assento permanente no Conselho de Segurança da ONU, enquanto mantêm uma postura mais reticente em relação ao pleito do Brasil. A hipótese primordial é a de que a diplomacia estadunidense busca defender interesses próprios; a parceria estratégica com a Índia viria, portanto, interligada à manutenção da influência dos EUA na Ásia, região onde a esfera de influência da chinesa é crescente. Para tanto esta dissertação também abordará o processo de deliberações a respeito da reforma do Conselho de Segurança, a qual se encontra presente na mesa de negociações desde os anos 1990. Busca-se analisar as propostas dos grupos de pressão que se colocaram em torno deste tema, buscando observar quais são suas argumentações em defesa de seus projetos e críticas em relação aos outros. Além disso, também examina-se a postura dos membros permanentes do CSNU em relação a uma possível reforma das Nações Unidas. Com isso, busca-se inferir quais seriam os obstáculos que tem atravancado o processo de reforma das Nações Unidas e se Brasil e Índia estariam próximos ou distantes de atingir o objetivo de adentrar no CSNU como membros permanentes. Ainda, também analisa-se as inserções internacionais de Brasil e Índia, buscando observar semelhanças e diferenças tanto em seu comportamento na esfera internacional como em suas capacidades de atuação no sistema internacional. Observa-se que, pelo fato de serem grandes países com grandes populações, crescentes economias, com sistema democrático estável e amplo engajamento nas Nações Unidas, há mais semelhanças do que diferenças na inserção destes dois países e, como potências emergentes, demonstram se credenciar à vaga permanente no Conselho de Segurança. / The aim of this dissertation is to examine the motivation of the USA support over de Indian candidature for a permanent seat in the United Nations Security Council, while USA is reticent about the Brazilian claim. The main hypothesis is that the USA diplomacy is seeking to defend its own interests; the strategic partnership with India, thus, comes from the maintenance of the USA influence in Asia, region where the sphere of influence of China is growing. This dissertation will approach the deliberation process on the Security Council reform, which is present in negotiations since de 1990s. The aim is, therefore, analyze the proposals of the lobbies that ate engaged in this topic. Besides, it is also examined the position of the UNSC permanent members in relation to the possibility of the United Nation reform. Therewith, it aims to conclude what are the obstacles that are obstructing the process of the United Nations reform and if Brazil and India would be close or far to achieve the goal of becoming new permanent members of the UNSC. Moreover, it is also analyzed the international insertion of Brazil and India, seeking to observe similarities and differences in their behavior in the international field and in their ability of act in the international system. It is observed that, because they are big countries with big populations, growing economies, with stable democratic system and broader engagement in the United Nations, there are more similarities than differences in the international insertion of these two countries and, as emerging powers, it shows that they accredit the Security Council permanent seat.

LL.M. (International Law) / After witnessing the catastrophic effects of the First World War, the pursuit of a global regulatory body charged with the responsibility of maintaining global peace and security was the talk of the day and a body which became known as the League of Nations soon surfaced. However, with the manifestation of the Second World War the essential failure of the League of Nations was evident and led to the creation of a new body along with a dream to prevent the same kind of disastrous conflict the world had just witnessed for a second time from occurring again. The idea that a single body would in essence control the fate of world security matters was brought to life and the United Nations Security Council essentially emerged, reflecting the power balance that ensued at the end of World War 2 – the United States, Britain, the Soviet Union, China and France suddenly became the most powerful nations in the world. With the existence of regional organisations pre-dating that of both the League and the United Nations, the debate as to the ideal relationship between the global body and regional bodies developed. Despite the fact that the UN Charter essentially instilled a hierarchy, with the Security Council holding primacy over matters of security governance4 whilst allowing regional organisations to act unilaterally only in limited circumstances,5 this debate has continued to the present day. Since the conception of the United Nations, the traditional role of regional organisations in matters of security governance were mostly limited to peacekeeping and preventative diplomacy and the inaction of the Security Council during the Cold War saw an increase in the activity of these bodies, albeit in these forms.