A curcumina possui uma grande variedade de propriedades benéficas para a saúde humana. Devido a este fato, a indústria alimentícia tem aumentado a aplicação deste bioativo como aromatizante, conservante e aditivo para substituição dos corantes amarelos artificiais. No entanto, incorporar a curcumina em formulações alimentícias pode ser problemático porque sua molécula hidrofóbica tem baixa solubilidade em água e é muito sensível à luz. Os métodos de encapsulação em nanoemulsões podem tornar viável a proteção do curcuminoide, bem como permitir sua dispersibilidade em água. O objetivo do presente trabalho de Mestrado foi produzir nanoemulsões encapsulando curcumina pelo método do ponto de inversão da emulsão (EIP, emulsion inversion point), determinando parâmetros de operação que viabilizem um futuro escalonamento do processo e incorporação das dispersões em sorvete de massa sabor abacaxi. Os parâmetros de produção foram ajustados como: tipo e concentração de tensoativo (razão SOR), concentração de óleo de soja, tipo e concentração de cosolvente, tipo de impelidor/ velocidade de agitação e vazão de entrada da fase aquosa. As porcentagens de curcumina encapsulada foram 0,03, 0,07 e 0,10%. Dentre estas, a concentração de 0,07% foi a mais viável para a aplicação no sorvete de massa sabor abacaxi, por apresentar melhor distribuição de tamanho de gotícula (diâmetro hidrodinâmico), não apresentar variação significativa de oxidação lipídica, boa manutenção da curcumina encapsulada (70%) e, consequentemente, a sua cor, apresentando maior estabilidade do parâmetro TCD por um período de 60 dias. Os testes reológicos não mostraram mudança na estrutura de nanoemulsões com a encapsulação de curcumina. Das formulações testadas para sorvete de abacaxi contendo curcumina, a formulação usando nanoemulsões substituindo 50% da mistura comercial (B) teve uma maior aceitação de cor, sabor e aroma, sendo compatível com a formulação comercial (A). Esta formulação (B) e aquela com substituição completa da mistura comercial (C) apresentaram uma maior estabilidade quanto à manutenção da cor durante o período do estudo. Os testes reológicos não mostraram diferença estrutural entre as formulações testadas para sorvete de abacaxi. Indicando que não houve influência nas características estruturais do sorvete contendo nanoemulsão com curcumina encapsulada. / Curcumin has several beneficial properties and the food industry has been trying to increase the use of curcumin as flavoring, conservant or as a replacer of artificial yellow dyes. However, incorporating curcumin can be difficult due to its hydrophobicity and low water solubility, as well as high sensitivity to light. Encapsulation in nanoemulsions can be an interesting technological alternative to encapsulate and protect the curcuminoid. The objective of this study was to produce nanoemulsions encapsulating curcumin by the low-energy method EIP (emulsion inversion point), determining operating parameters that enable a future escalation of the process and incorporation of dispersions in pineapple ice cream. The production parameters were adjusted as: type and concentration of surfactante, soybean oil concentration, type and concentration of cosolvent, impeller type/speed stirring and flow of the aqueous phase. The percentages of encapsulated curcumin were 0.03, 0.07 and 0.10%. The concentration of 0.07% was the most viable for application in pineapple ice cream, for presenting better distribution of droplet size (hydrodynamic diameter), do not presente of significant changes in lipid oxidation, good maintenance of encapsulated curcumin (70%) and therefore its color, with greater stability of the TCD parameter for a period of 60 days. The rheological tests showed no change in the nanoemulsions structure with encapsulating curcumin. Among the formulations tested for pineapple ice cream incorporating encapsulated curcumin, the formulation using nanoemulsions replacing 50% of the commercial mixture (B) had a better acceptance of color, flavor and aroma and it is compatible with the commercial formulation (A). This formulation (B) and that with complete replacement of the commercial mixture (C) had a higher stability and maintenance of color during the storage period. The rheological tests showed no structural difference between the formulations tested for pineapple ice cream, indicating no influence on the structural characteristics of the ice cream containing nanoemulsion with encapsulated curcumin.

A resistência térmica dos microrganismos sofre influência, entre outros fatores, das características do agente e das características do substrato, como o teor de gordura. Um dos objetivos da pasteurização do creme é a eliminação dos patógenos eventualmente presentes no leite. Entretanto, não há padrão de tempo e temperatura de pasteurização para este produto na legislação. O Mycobacterium bovis é considerado o patógeno não formador de esporo de maior resistência térmica que pode normalmente ser transmitido pelo leite. Assim, este trabalho se propõe a avaliar a inativação de Mycobacterium bovis (espoligotipo BR024) em creme de leite fresco submetido a alguns parâmetros comerciais de pasteurização. Creme de leite foi contaminado e pasteurizado em Banho-Maria a 75°C, 80°C, 85°C e 90°C, por 5 e 15 segundos. O agente foi quantificado por semeadura em duplicata das diversas diluições em meio Stonebrink, após incubação a 36°C/45 dias. A redução na população variou de 3,9 log UFC/mL até a 6,8 log UFC/mL o que mostra que, nas condições do estudo, todos os binômios estudados mostraram-se capazes de reduzir a carga contaminante para níveis tão baixos ou menores que 0,1 log UFC/mL, considerando a máxima contaminação inicial natural do leite por M. bovis (4 log UFC/mL), segundo Ball (1943) / The thermal resistance of microorganisms is influenced by the agent in question, the initial microbial load and the characteristics of the substrate that can exert a protective effect on the cell, for example, the fat content. The pasteurization of whipping cream aims to eliminate pathogen microorganisms that may occasionally be present in milk. However, there is no standard in the law of time and temperature for this product, making it necessary more detailed study to consider the specific feature of thermal resistance of microorganisms at different temperatures for pasteurization, especially considering the high fat product. Mycobacterium spp is considered the pathogen spore-non-forming of higher heat resistance that can be transmitted by milk, among species, M.bovis is the most pathogenic. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the inactivation of Mycobacterium bovis (spoligotype BR024) in fresh whipping cream subjected to some parameters of commercial pasteurization. Whipping cream was contaminated and pasteurized in a water bath at 75°C, 80°C, 85°C and 90°C for 5 and 15 seconds. The agent was measured in duplicate in the middle Stonebrink after incubation at 36°C/45 days. The reduction in the population ranged from 3.9 log CFU / mL up to 6.8 log CFU/ mL which shows that under the conditions of the study, all binomials studied were able to reduce the contaminant load to such low levels or lower than 0.1 log CFU / ml, the maximum initial natural contamination of milk by M. bovis (4 log CFU / mL), according to Ball (1943)

Orientador: Helena Maria Andre Bolini Cardello / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T19:15:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_Karla_M.pdf: 2005223 bytes, checksum: cdd75d59efe54c8d3d07fe38f86b7b39 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Resumo: O soro de leite bovino é um subproduto da manufatura de queijo ou caseína caracterizado por sua funcionalidade e valor biológico. O soro ácido, obtido da coagulação ácida do leite, apesar do seu valor funcional ainda é considerado um rejeito industrial. Neste contexto, foi proposta a adição de produto do soro ácido de leite (SAP), em cinco diferentes níveis de substituição do leite em pó, na formulação de sorvete. A avaliação do efeito provocado, pela introdução do SAP no sorvete, foi feita por teste sensorial. Considerando ainda os fabricantes de sorvete que, reconhecendo a importância funcional e nutricional dos produtos de soro de leite, gostariam de aumentar os níveis de substituição por estes produtos em suas formulações, efetuou-se aplicação de leite em pó desnatado e diferentes substituintes deste (SAP, soro desmineralizado e concentrado protéico de soro 35%), comparando-se os resultados. A primeira etapa do trabalho identificou uma boa aceitação dos provadores para o produto contendo 30% de SAP, sendo este nível selecionado para continuidade do trabalho. Na segunda etapa as misturas foram caracterizadas (proteína, gordura, minerais, açúcar, sólidos totais, pH, acidez titulável, viscosidade, temperatura de congelamento e frações protéicas) e os produtos aerados e congelados submetidos a avaliações físicas (potencial de aeração, firmeza e resistência ao derretimento), aspectos ultra-estruturais e testes sensoriais. Os resultados demonstraram que a introdução do SAP aumentou a viscosidade da mistura, manteve o potencial de aeração, estabilizou a firmeza e melhorou a estrutura microscópica do sorvete comparativamente com a formulação padrão (sem substituição do leite). Houve boa aceitação dos provadores para as formulações com substituição do leite desnatado por 30% de SAP, 100% de desmineralizado e 100% de concentrado protéico de soro / Abstract: Whey protein is a by product of cheese or casein production, which is characterized by a high functionality and biological value. Acid whey protein is obtained by acid coagulation of milk, has been viewed as dairy wastes so represent a critical environmental pollution. In this context, we proposed the acid whey addition in ice cream formulations, as a dry skim milk total or parcial substitute, ascertaining by sensory evaluation the panelists acceptance for five different substitutions levels. Ice cream manufacturers interesting in increasing the percentual of this product in ice cream formulations showed the importance of the comparative application of dry skim milk and others different replacers (acid whey product, demineralized whey and whey protein concentrate) in ice cream formulations. At the first stage of this work a good panellists acceptance for 30% acid whey product content product was obtained then this level was selected to the followed experiments. In the second level mixtures were characterized (protein, fat, minerals, sugar, total solids, pH, titratable acidity, viscosity, freezing temperature and proteins fractions) and whippened and freezing products were submitted to physical evaluations (whipping potential, firmness and melting resistance), structural electron microscopy aspects and sensory evaluations. Results showed that acid whey addition in ice cream formulations increased the viscosity of mix, maintained the whipping ability, stabilized the firmness and improved the microscopic structure, as the standard product comparison (formulation without milk substitutions). There was good sensory panel acceptance for all milk substituted formulations (30% acid whey product, 100% demineralized whey and 100% whey protein concentrate) / Mestrado / Mestre em Alimentos e Nutrição

Master of Science / Food Science Institute / Jayendra K. Amamcharla / In recent years, the interest in functional components such as phospholipids (PLs) is increasing as a result of growing awareness of their health benefits. PLs affect several cell functions, such as growth, molecular transport system, memory processing, stress responses, and central nervous system myelination. Many studies have shown that the neutral lipids can be successfully extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO₂) from different types of foods such as egg, canola, pumpkin seed, fish and dairy powders. It is an alternative method to avoid the use of large quantities organic solvents. The SCO₂ is a safe, environmentally friendly and economical process to extract edible lipids from a variety of matrices. However, a modifier such as ethanol is needed to fractionate PLs due to limited solubility of PLs in SCO₂. The objectives of this study were to optimize the SFE process parameters and to determine the effect of pressure, temperature, and ethanol concentration on the extraction efficiency of PLs from whey protein phospholipid concentrate (WPPC) and buttermilk powder (BMP). Three different batches of WPPC and BMP were obtained from a commercial manufacturer and followed a unique two-step extraction process to isolate PLs from WPPC and BMP. In Step-1, neat supercritical CO₂ was used to remove all the neutral lipids at 414 bar pressure, 60 °C sample temperature, and 5 L/min CO₂ flow rate. The spent solids, the powder left after the first step extraction, were used to extract PLs in the second step. The Step-2 (SCO₂-Ethanol) process was optimized in terms of pressure (350, 414 and 550 bar), temperature (40 °C and 60 °C) and concentration of ethanol (10%, 15% and 20%) as independent factors. All the lipid fractions were analyzed by high performance lipid chromatography (HPLC) and thin layer chromatography (TLC). For WPPC, only ethanol concentration had significant effect (P < 0.05) on the amount of PLs extracted after the Step-2. On the other hand, temperature and ethanol concentration were significantly (P < 0.05) affected the efficiency of SFE for BMP. The optimal processing conditions for WPPC and BMP were 350 bar pressure, 60 °C sample temperature and 15% concentration of ethanol, and 550 bar of pressure, 60 °C sample temperature and 15% concentration of ethanol, respectively. This study allowed obtaining PLs from dairy co-products such as WPPC and BMP as a separate ingredient and this could be useful in nutraceutical and infant formulations as well as different food products formulations.

Orientador: Helena Maria André Bolini / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T07:57:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ferraz_JulianaPereira_M.pdf: 2510030 bytes, checksum: a28d462816bf1afe8b5665a26f281aea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: O sorvete é um alimento altamente consumido no mundo e a cada ano nota - se que o consumo no Brasil cresce cada vez mais iniciando um processo de transição de um alimento sazonal para um alimento consumido durante o ano todo. Este produto possui uma matriz energética e nutricional altamente complexa, pois trata - se de um produto que contém em sua formulação proteínas, gorduras, açucares, ar e minerais. O FOS atuou agregando um valor funcional ao produto juntamente com os edulcorantes que tiveram a finalidade de reduzir o valor calórico do produto tornando - o mais saudável e permitindo que portadores de doenças crônicas como os diabéticos e obesos possam consumi - lo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar análises a fim de se desenvolver um sorvete de creme de acordo com as preferências dos consumidores, foi avaliado a partir da análise descritiva quantitativa, análise múltipla de tempo intensidade, análise de aceitação e análises físico - químicas, sendo estas overrun, velocidade de derretimento, pH, textura e cor, para que as características do sorvete de creme fossem preservadas com a adição do prebiótico e dos edulcorantes. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) e testes de médias de Tukey, utilizando o programa estatístico SAS. Com os dados de aceitação foi construído o Mapa de Preferência Interno através do programa XLStat. A análise de aceitação mostrou que todas as amostras foram bem aceitas pelos consumidores, exceto a amostra com estévia em sua formulação que recebeu notas inferiores a seis. Na ADQ® as amostras foram diferenciadas pelo gosto amargo, doce residual e gosto doce devido à presença dos edulcorantes na formulação. Na análise Múltipla de Tempo Intensidade foi possível verificar as semelhanças das amostras em relação à intensidade de dulçor e amargor diferenciando - se somente a amostra com estévia que obteve intensidades altas tanto para amargor quanto para dulçor. Podendo - se concluir que a adição do FOS e dos edulcorantes, aspartame, sucralose, neotame e ciclamato/ sacarina na proporção de 2:1 no sorvete de creme não afetou a aceitação das amostras perante aos consumidores, já a amostra com FOS e estévia em sua formulação foi rejeitada pelos consumidores, estes resultados auxilia a indústria de sorvetes, que poderá desenvolver um sorvete com apelo funcional e redução calórica sem influenciar nas características sensoriais e físico - químicas do sorvete de creme atingindo um novo público consumidor / Abstract: The ice cream is a highly consumed aliment in all around the world and year by year we can notice that brazilian ice cream consumption increases starting a transition process of a seasonal food to a food that is consumed throughout the year. This product has an energetic and nutritional load that is highly complex, because it formulation contains proteins, fats, sugars, minerals and air. The FOS had operated adding a functional value to the product with the sweeteners that had the finality or reduce the product's calories that becomes more healthy and allowing that patients with chronic diseases, like diabetes, can consume the product. This research had as purpose perform analysis in order to develop a product according to the consumers preferences, it had been valued from qualitative descriptive analysis, multiple time-intensity analysis, acceptance analysis and physical - chemical, these being overrun, melting rate, pH, texture and color, in order that the vanilla ice cream characteristics were still the same with the addition of the prebiotic and sweetener. The data were submitted for analysis of variance (ANOVA) and measurements Tukey tests using static programs. The acceptance analysis showed that all the samples were well accepted except the sample with estevia in its formula. In ADQ the samples were differentiated by the bitter or sweet taste. In the analyses multiple of time intensity was possible verifying the sample similarities in relation to sweetness and bitterness. We concluded that the addition of FOS, sweeteners, aspartame, sucralose, neotame and cyclamate / saccharin in a 2:1 ratio in the ice cream did not affect the acceptance of samples before consumers, on the other hand the sample with estevia was rejected by the consumers, this results helps the ice cream industry, wich may develop an ice cream with functional appeal and caloric reduction without affecting the sensory characteristics and physical - chemical ice cream reaching a new consumer audience / Mestrado / Consumo e Qualidade de Alimentos / Mestra em Alimentos e Nutrição

Foram produzidas micropartículas simbióticas com carreador de natureza lipídica, obtidas por spray chilling. Como materiais ativos foram utilizadas duas cepas de micro-organismos probióticos (L. acidophilus-LA e L. rhamnosus-LR), dois prebióticos (inulina e polidextrose) e gordura de palma e palmiste interesterificada. Estudou-se a resistência destes probióticos ao processo aplicado, o comportamento das micropartículas sólido lipídicas (MSLs) frente ao fluido gástrico e intestinal simulados e suas viabilidades durante 120 dias de armazenamento à -18, 7 e 22°C sob vácuo ou umidade relativa controlada. A caracterização morfológica, granulometria, análise térmica (DSC), atividade de água, espectroscopia na região do infravermelho (FTIR) e difração de raios-X (XRPD) foram estudados. Spray chilling configurou-se como processo adequado aos probióticos, devido à baixa perda de células viáveis durante a obtenção das micropartículas, sendo que não foi observado interferência da ausência, presença e do tipo de prebiótico. Foram obtidas MSLs esféricas com superfície relativamente uniforme, e com tamanho médio entre 62,4±2,8 a 69,6±5,1 &micro;m, sendo que não houve diferença significativa entre as formulações. As análises de difração de raios-X indicaram que não ocorreram alterações polimórficas durante o armazenamento refrigerado das MSLs. Quanto à análise térmica pode-se dizer que a presença de probióticos e prebióticos praticamente não interferiu na alteração da temperatura de fusão para todas as formulações estudadas, que variou de 45,37°C a 47,58°C, inferindo-se a ausência de interações significativas entre os ingredientes microencapsulados e o carreador, ausência que foi reafirmada pelos espectros de infravermelho. A microencapsulação favoreceu a sobrevivência frente aos fluidos gástrico e intestinal simulados, e possibilitou a manutenção de células viáveis acima de 106 UFC por grama até 120 dias de armazenamento em umidade relativa controlada para a formulação com L. acidophilus e polidextrose, a qual foi influenciada pela atividade de água da partícula, que por sua vez foi afetada pela incorporação de prebióticos. Tendo em vista o potencial da MSLs desenvolvidas, estas foram incorporadas ao sorvete. Nesta matriz as micropartículas não apresentaram um bom desempenho, seja na sobrevivência de L. acidophilus durante o armazenamento do produto, como na proteção diante da exposição às condições gastrointestinais simuladas. Além disso, sorvetes com adição das MSLs foram avaliados com notas significativamente menores (p&le;0,05) nos atributos textura, sabor e aceitação global em relação a amostras controle e a com adição de probióticos livres na análise sensorial do produto desenvolvido. As micropartículas lipídicas produzidas mostraram-se aptas como ingrediente alimentício, porém no sorvete não atenderam as premissas de proteção e extensão de contagens apropriadas do probiótico. As MSLs também foram incorporadas em polpas de fruta, abacate e melão, neste tipo de matriz as MSLs conferiram proteção ao micro-organismo pois aumentaram sua viabilidade em relação aos micro-organismos livres. / Symbiotic microparticles were produced with a lipid carrier, obtained by spray chilling technology. In this study were used two strains of probiotic (L. acidophilus-LA and L. rhamnosus-LR) and two prebiotics (inulin and polydextrose) as active or core materials. The resistance of these probiotics to the spray chilling process was evaluated, as well as the viability of the solid lipid microparticles (SLMs) during the exposition to the simulated gastric and intestinal fluids and stability during 120 days of storage at -18, 7 and 22°C, in vacuum or controlled relative humidity. Morphology characterization, particle size, water activity, thermal analysis (DSC), infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRPD) were studied. Spray chilling process was configured as a suitable technology to probiotics due to low loss of viable cells in processing of the particle, and no interference was observed from the presence/absence and type of prebiotic component. MSLs were obtained with relatively uniform spherical surface, and average size between 62.4 ± 2.8 &micro;m to 69.6 ± 5.1 &micro;m, there was no significant difference between formulations. Analyses of X-ray diffraction indicated that there were no polymorphic changes during refrigerated storage of SLMs. As for the thermal analysis it can be said that the presence of probiotics and prebiotics had practically no effect on the melting temperature for all formulations, which was 45.37° C up to 47.58° C, inferring with this the absence of significant interactions between the lipid carrier and microencapsulated ingredients, absence that was reaffirmed by the infrared spectra. Microencapsulation favored the survival against gastric and simulated intestinal fluids, and was possible to maintain viable cells up to 106 CFU per gram up to 120 days of storage for formulation with L. acidophilus and polydextrose in low temperatures and relative humidity (11%), which the stability was influenced by the water activity of the particle, which in turn is affected by the incorporation of prebiotics to the formulation of the SLMs. Given the potential of SLMs developed, they were incorporated into the ice cream. In this matrix microparticles not performed well, either on the survival of L. acidophilus during product storage, such as in protection against exposure to simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Furthermore, the addition of SLMs on strawberry ice cream was evaluated with grades significantly lower (p &le; 0.05) in the attributes texture, flavor and overall acceptability compared to the control samples and with added of free probiotic sensory analysis of the product developed. The lipid microparticles produced were shown to be suitable as a food ingredient, but the ice cream did not meet the assumptions of protection and extension of appropriate probiotic counts. The MSLs were also incorporated in the fruit pulp, avocado and melon, in this application the SLMs provided protection to the micro-organism increasing the probiotic viability in relation to the free microorganisms.

El mercado de cosmética e higiene personal ha tenido un crecimiento significativo en los últimos años en el país, esto debido a la demanda por productos como cosméticos, perfumes, maquillaje, preparaciones para la piel y geles capilares. Dichos productos son adquiridos principalmente por la población femenina, por lo que el segmento determinado son mujeres del NSE A y B que residen en Lima Metropolitana y que tienen preferencia por la compra vía online. Dentro del grupo de las preparaciones de la piel, se encuentran las cremas faciales, las cuales tienen diferentes composiciones y propiedades para la piel. No obstante, una de las controversias que gira en torno a estos tipos de productos es en base a la composición de estos, ya que existen marcas en el mercado que emplean elementos químicos, los cuales al usarse constantemente pueden, a largo plazo, generar problemas a la piel. Ante esto, se ha realizado el presente proyecto, el cual se basa en la comercialización de una crema facial limpiadora e hidratante a base de insumos naturales, entre ellos se destacan los vegetales como el espárrago y la espinaca, el aceite esencial de sándalo y el extracto de yogurt. Esta propuesta de cosmética natural brinda muchas propiedades beneficiosas para la piel, asimismo, genera un nivel de confianza y seguridad a los clientes al ser en base a insumos naturales. El modelo de negocio propuesto es atractivo, debido a que tiene una relación estrecha con la tendencia de lo natural, la cual es una de las tendencias que ha tenido un mayor impacto en los últimos años en la sociedad, asimismo, porque se ha identificado, durante la investigación realizada durante el proyecto, que existe una demanda insatisfecha por este tipo de productos en el rubro de la cosmética. / The cosmetics and personal hygiene market has had significant growth in recent years in the country, this due to the demand for products such as cosmetics, perfumes, makeup, skin preparations and hair gels. Said products are acquired mainly by the female population, so the specific segment is women from the NSE A and B who reside in Metropolitan Lima and who have a preference for online shopping. Within the group of skin preparations, are facial creams, which have different compositions and properties for the skin. However, one of the controversies that revolves around these types of products is based on their composition, since there are brands on the market that use chemical elements, which when used constantly can, in the long term, generate problems to the skin. Given this, the present project has been carried out, which is based on the commercialization of a cleansing and moisturizing facial cream based on natural inputs, including vegetables such as asparagus and spinach, sandalwood essential oil and yogurt extract. This proposal of natural cosmetics provides many beneficial properties for the skin, and also generates a level of confidence and security for customers, based on natural inputs. The proposed business model is attractive, because it has a close relationship with the natural trend, which is one of the trends that has had the greatest impact on society in recent years, also because it has been identified, during the research carried out during the project, there is an unmet demand for this type of product in the cosmetics sector." / Trabajo de investigación

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(農学) / 乙第13247号 / 論農博第2872号 / 新制||農||1070(附属図書館) / 学位論文||H31||N5171(農学部図書室) / (主査)教授 松村 康生, 教授 丸山 伸之, 教授 谷 史人 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Agricultural Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

The aim of this diploma thesis was create a natural BB cream that, in addition to sufficient hydration, would protect the skin from sunlight, unify its colour tone and at the same time sufficiently cover any imperfections. After proposition a suitable recipe, it was necessary to determine the stability of the prepared BB creams. The stability was evaluated by comparing the results from the dispersion analyser LUMiSizer at various temperatures and current load tests in an oven. The pseudoplastic properties were confirmed by the rheology characterization of the flow properties, which makes the BB cream a continuous layer on the skin after it is spread. In order to protect against sunlight, it was necessary to determine the SPF and measure the colour shades of the prepared BB creams for comparison with commercially available preparations.

Presented diploma thesis was focused on study of influence of stabilizers and other components on final quality of mixtures for ice-cream production. This thesis was worked out in cooperation with Frujo Co., Ltd., Tvrdonice to find out the most suitable stabilizer with positive influence on the quality of final product. In experimental part six mixtures of stabilizers, three mixtures for ice-cream production and particular ingredients for production of mixtures for ice-cream production were analysed. Saccharides and lipids were analysed only in mixtures of stabilizers. Content of saccharides was analyzed using spectrophotometry and HPLC/RI. Lipid components were analysed by TLC. Viscosity was measured by rotatory viscosimeter and the differences of flow curves of each mixture with different stabilizers were monitored. Based on viscosity measurements some ice-creams with different stabilizers were chosen for sensory analysis. Mixture of stabilizers “Stobicol” was analysed for active compounds and antioxidant stability. Microbiological stability was tested in all of the stabilizers and also in particular ingredients including final mixture for ice-cream production. In three ice-cream mixtures of different flavour protein composition was measured by microfluidic electrophoresis. The highest content of total and reducing saccharides was determined in hydrolyzed samples. The highest values of total saccharides were found in mixture of stabilizers “Meyprogen”, the highest values of reducing saccharides were detected in stabilizer “Swissgum”. Content of triglycerides was found out almost in all of the measured mixtures of stabilizers using TLC method even though according to formulas provided by producers there should not be any. Diglycerides were detected in “Meyprogen” too even though this mixture of stabilizers should contain only saccharides. Based on results of rheology measurements and in connection with sensory analysis “Meyprogen” stabilizer could be recommended as the best material for the industrial production.