The aim of this paper is to examine how European development intervention in Africa iscommunicated in the documentary “Sweet Poison.” For many decades there have beenprojects that were developed in Africa in order to support civilization in the poorest areas.This paper explores how the three projects in Africa, Tanzania, Kenya and Mali werecreated and developed, but not fully completed. These had various consequences overtime. With a reflection of representations, narratives and documentary story-telling, thestudy will use Teun Van Dijk's framework (2004) to analyze the film. The importance ofcritical discourse analysis techniques is well-known and provides an effective strategy toanalyze ideology as well as power in the language. In particular, the dichotomy of in-groupfavoritism vs. out-group derogation seems to be efficient in analytical discursive practices.A semi-structured interview was made with the author of the film to collect important datafor the analysis.

Aim: To examine how the New York Times portrays Melania Trump in her role as First Lady. Methodology: A qualitative discourse analysis of newspaper articles from the New York Time’s online publication. The main theoretical and methodological foundation is Fairclough’s concept of critical discourse analysis (CDA) and Yvonne Hirdman’s theories about gender system and gender contract. Main results: The main results of the analysis is that Melania Trump is depicted as absent, non-traditional, irresponsible, unhappy, greedy, non-supportive, illiterate, that she is mimicking other First Ladies, responsible for her husband’s actions, that she prioritizes motherhood over the First Lady role, and that she is compared to other women in a negative light.

Agenda 2030 has reached its half-way mark, making it a highly relevant topic to examine. A critical discourse analysis (CDA) is applied through this research to identify the underlying norms and values of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), 8 (decent work and economic growth) and 10 (reduced inequalities). The post-development theory provides five key concepts (economic growth, developed/developing countries, modernity and change and a lack of social, environmental and cultural aspects) that serve as the lens on which we view the SDGs. The analysis brings a new perspective to the limitations and challenges within Agenda 2030, while also identifying goal conflicts within and between the goals. The discourse within SDGs 8 and 10 shows traces of these five key concepts. Terms such as economic growth, developed and developing countries, innovation, modernity and change are mentioned throughout the respective targets. Other phenomena, although promised to be addressed, are being left out, such as cultural differences and non-economic forms of inequality. Further research indicated that the two goals came with dissimilarities and similarities, both within and between them. The similarities showed, although SDGs 8 and 10 are representing two different focuses, (economic and human rights) they shared almost identical underlying notions, namely the clear focus on economic development. These findings indicate a potential pitfall within Agenda 2030 in regards to their narrow and uncoordinated choice of making two goals with different intentions share the same objective. The dissimilarities became evident when some targets within SDG 8 promoted policies that would lead to less economic growth. The same can be said for SDG 10, as some policies would also contradict SDG 8’s aim. SDG 10 also contains certain targets that wrongfully use the term equality, contradicting the aim of the goal. Other similarities include certain contradictory statements between the targets in both goals.

This thesis critically interrogates the underlying assumptions which legitimise the hard regulation of online platforms regarding terrorist content, by turning to the case of the EU Regulation 2021/784. Utilising qualitative critical discourse analysis, the study analyses how the EU's strategy against terrorist content online is discursively legitimised through the lens of Theo van Leeuwen's framework for discursive legitimisation strategies, focusing on moral and rational justifications. The study's empirical contribution demonstrates how the EU's strategy is legitimised primarily through public security, fundamental rights, digital economy and efficiency discourses. It contributes theoretically by highlighting how counter-terrorism measures regarding online spaces function through rationalisation and moralisation strategies which legitimise policies as reasonable and morally justifiable, when in fact they rest upon a series of contested assumptions and narratives about the threat from terrorist content. Furthermore, the study puts forward that the regulation contributes to the institutionalisation of online platforms role in countering terrorist content online and reproduces unequal power relations between large and small hosting service companies, public authorities, and individuals.

Marketing is crucial to the success of any company, and in line with an increased emphasis on sustainability, many companies now include sustainability issues in their communications. The clothing company Lindex's campaign ”Reinvent the Model” aims to reshape the female ideal and promote diversity in their marketing. They do this, among other things, by including different skin colors, ages and bodytypes in the marketing. The study ”Advertising for what, clothes or bodies?” examines Lindex's campaign and its portrayal of beauty ideals. Through a qualitative multimodal critical discourse analysis, based on Fairclough's three-dimensionalmodel, the campaign is analyzed with a focus on lexical choices, denotation, connotation, interdiscursivity, ideology and hegemony. The concepts of discourse andcommodified feminism also form the basis of the study's theoretical perspective. The results show that Lindex portrays beauty ideals as problematic and negative. The campaign mixes marketing, body positive, feminist and documentary discourses to challenge prevailing beauty ideals within the fashion industry. The body positive and feminist discourse is emphasized by ordinary women sharing their experiences around beauty ideals. Quotes in the campaign create a negative view of the female body as bodily flaws are discussed. The hegemonic view of beauty ideals is questioned in the campaign, but the result of making a comprehensive campaign about women's appearance means that the female body continues to be scrutinized and used as akind of marketing material. The conclusion is that, from an ideologically critical perspective, the campaign partially challenges the hegemonic view of beauty but at the same time maintains and commodifies norms around the female body.

This research presents a critical analysis and original theoretical approach to a complex phenomenon that addresses current gaps in our understanding of the experiences of nurse executives and their organizational positioning in homecare organizations. It reveals how nurse executives experience paradoxical identities of executive and nurse. The competitiveness of homecare as a business and the status of homecare among other healthcare sectors is problematic and exacerbates the tension between those two identities. This qualitative research aims to explore NEs' epistemic and discursive organizational positioning in HCOs. This research also explores how nurse executives enact their moral, socio-professional, political and epistemic agency in homecare organizations in Ontario. The research questions guiding this study were: 1) How do nurse executives enact their agency, identity, values, and means in their organization? 2) What are the daily transactions and negotiations with organizational and systemic entities with which nurse executives engage in their organization? 3) How do nurse executives navigate such complexities to fulfil their organizational responsibilities and enact influence in their organizations? This research emphasized the importance of dominant discourses and practices in homecare organizations, shaping distinct epistemic landscapes that foster specific ways of thinking, speaking, and acting across those organizations and within the healthcare system. Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis was used to analyze interviews with nurse executives and selected policy and guidance documents. A theoretical framework combining Critical Management Studies, as informed by Foucault, and the Sociology of Ignorance was used to highlight the complexity of nurse executive power within the context of social structures. This study exposed the relationships and the circulation of knowledge and non-knowledge (i.e., ignorance) and the ability to exercise power within homecare organizations. Findings can contribute to scholarly knowledge about practice, education, policy, theory, and future research perspectives. This research has implications for scholarship about nursing leadership across healthcare and management disciplines by better understanding the power, knowledge, and ignorance dynamics within homecare organizations and the healthcare system.

In 2016, the actress Meghan Markle met prince Harry, duke of Sussex which later on led to amarriage. This has resulted in intense media coverage of her, especially by the tabloid press,depicting her in a manner that incorporates both sexist and racist elements. This study aims toanalyze how Markle has been represented in The Sun and Daily Mail during the two firstweeks following the announcement of her relationship with Prince Harry, with a particularfocus on potential racist and sexist discourses. The material used for the study consists ofeleven articles in total, five from The Sun and six from Daily Mail. Fairclough’s criticaldiscourse analysis is used as a method to answer the research questions, along with Foucault'sdiscourse theory and intersectionality as part of the theoretical framework of the study. Theseare applied in order to add another dimension to the study and fill the research gap. The mainfindings indicate sexist and racist discourses in the representation of Meghan Markle in TheSun and Daily Mail. As for Foucault’s discourse theory these discourses constitute a reality inwhich women with diverse ethnic backgrounds are portrayed derogatorily, and whereindividuals in these categories are perceived to have less power in society. Through anintersectionality perspective, Markle is predominantly constructed as an assertive biracialwoman who frequently self-promotes, actively seeks media attention and is perceived ashaving difficulty initiating serious relationships. This shows how both sexist and racistdiscourses work together to construct Markle unfavorably.Key words: Intersectionality; Discourse; Tabloid press; Gender; Critical discourse analysis;Sexism; Racism; Media.1

Despite the fact that one in three women of reproductive age will have an abortion there continues to be stigma surrounding those who have had abortions. Abortion stigma continues to permeate how women are treated and services are provided. The present study explores the ways in which women use the online social networking site Twitter to engage with the #ShoutYourAbortion hashtag to resist dominant pro-life discourses of abortion and challenge abortion stigma. Through the use of a critical discourse analysis that utilizes feminist standpoint theory, four major discourses were identified as emerging out of the #ShoutYourAbortion hashtag. First, the discourse of resisting and challenging pro-life rhetoric emerged in that women utilized the hashtag to challenge dominant discourses on abortions by sharing their own experiences that contradict pro-life narratives. Second, the discourse of emphasizing the importance of choice and autonomy regarding women’s reproductive rights and freedoms was highlighted, and the importance of abortion as a form of healthcare was emphasized. Next, women used discourses that aimed to critique and challenge the abortion industry as a whole. Lastly, women used the hashtag to normalize abortions in an attempt to challenge abortion stigma. This exploratory research provides insights into the utility of engaging with hashtags to resist and challenge dominant discourses, and how women are sharing their experiences in an attempt to change the narratives around abortion. / Thesis / Master of Social Work (MSW)

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