The purpose of this thesis is to research the relation between spatial structures and social relations including the cultural ones. This study specifically researches the relation between the construction and the representation of urban space and urban culture in Sakarya Caddesi as an instance of society-space interaction. This research focuses on Sakarya Caddesi where various urban cultural practices such as entertainment, has intensified. It deals with the constitution and representation of this entertainment space and researches how a particular place is constructed materially and imaginarily, how different social actors perceive, interpret and constitute a particular place in different ways. Accordingly, the contestation over the representation and use of place is discussed in this study. In order to comprehend a local place and culture, the issues should be thought in a wider context. Therefore, Sakarya Caddesi which is a part of urban space and the urban practices which occur in this area, are evaluated in global context. This study, discusses the influences of global changes on urban space, urban cultural practices and lifestyles. Discussing Sakarya Caddesi and its culture through discourses, this thesis relates spatial categories with some concepts of cultural politics such as identity.

The aim of this thesis is to study the multidimensional relation between the spatial and the social by focusing on Van as a place. In order to understand social processes, it is important to view the complex relation between the spatial and the social. Taking the space-place relation into consideration, this work approaches to the processes of construction and representation of identity of place in the framework of the interrelation between place, culture and identity. Different groups in society are in a constant contestation over the construction of the meaning and the identity of place. This work, studies how place is constituted both materially and imaginarily within this contestation process. Senses of place and the meanings given to places are formed by social, cultural, economical and political situations of the people. Consequently this thesis, discusses the contestation over the representation and the use of place in the context of social, cultural, economical, political processes and power relations. It considers the dynamics which are effective on the constitution of image of Van. It studies the influences of these dynamics on the construction, the use, the transformation and the reproduction of place through the cultural practices of different groups in the city. This thesis, researches the relation between place and culture, the everyday life practices of different groups and the process of production of meaning through these practices.

本篇論文主要探討黃哲倫在《剛下船的新移民》、《如鴉而飛》、及《尋找唐人街》這三個劇作中，處理「文化認同」主題的轉變。這三個劇作分別代表黃哲倫創作生涯的三階段，即初期─華裔美國文化認同、中期─華裔美人漂泊離散的文化認同、以及晚近─華裔美國文化認同的多元文化未來。同時，將援引德希達的「主體觀」、傅柯的「對抗記憶」、霍爾的「文化認同」概念、哈伯馬斯的「包含他者」、以及學者對多元文化的討論等，並應用於文本之分析與探討。本論文共分為五個章節。第一章略述黃哲倫的三個劇作以及所採用的理論。第二章討論作者如何在《剛下船的新移民》中剖析華裔美國文化認同。第三章探討《如鴉而飛》中老一輩華裔美人漂泊離散的文化認同狀態。第四章側重於作者在《尋找唐人街》□所勾勒出的多元文化未來之希望與遠景。最後一章則回顧前述四章中的劇作及理論，並總結黃哲倫在三個作品中對於「認同」看法的轉變及其詮釋。 / In this study of David Henry Hwang's three plays FOB, As The Crow Flies, and Trying to Find Chinatown, I would like to explore the change of his attitude toward identity issue. These three plays represent the three stages of his writing career：first, the early stage of Chinese American identity; second, the maturing stage of the traveling cultural identity for Chinese American; third, the latest stage of a multicultural future for Chinese American identity. In my study, I apply several theories for the theoretic approach in this thesis, such as Jacque Derrida's "subject," Michael Foucault's "counter-memory," Stuart Hall's concept of identity, Jurgen Habermas's "inclusion of the Other," and Michael Omi's and Angela Davis's multicultural viewpoints toward ethnicity. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter aims at a general introduction to the three stages of the playwright's career and to the theories employed for textual analysis. The second chapter is the discussion on the work of his early stage-Chinese American identity in FOB. In the third chapter, I will analyze the traveling identity for early Chinese American in As The Crow Flies. In the fourth chapter, I will stress Hwang's latest production of a promising multicultural future for Chinese American identity in Trying to Find Chinatown. Finally in my concluding chapter, I would like to review the changes of Hwang's concepts in these three plays with regard to cultural identity and offer his own interpretation for new and hopeful Chinese American identity.

This research investigates the cultural politics of 'borderless' education. In Australia, online internationalised education has recently emerged as a market innovation borne from the intersection of two agendas in the higher education sector: an enthusiasm for technological means of delivery; and the quest for international full-fee paying enrolments. The empirical study analyses how both cultural difference and cultural sameness were produced in a case study of borderless education and were made to matter in both the design and the conduct of online interaction. A core MBA unit offered online by an Australian university was selected for the study because its enrolments included a group enrolled through a partner institution in Malaysia. The study is framed in the broad context of the changing cultural processes of globalisation, and in educational markets where knowledge is business. In this more fluid and complicated cultural landscape, the technologies and social practices supporting online education were understood to offer new cultural resources for identity processes. Pedagogy, rather than providing an inert stage for cultural identities to interact, was understood to play an active role in invoking and legitimating possible orientations for student identities. The framework thus builds on a metaculture, or understandings of culture and cultural identity, more appropriate for the cultural conditions of globalising times. The study was conducted as a virtual ethnography of the case study unit drawing on: the observation and recording of all virtual interaction in the unit's website; interviews and dialogues with the lecturer and designer involved; email interviews with some students; and the collection of course artefacts and related documentation. The methodological arguments and design addressed the complexity of grasping how culture is lived in globalised times, and how it is invoked, performed and marked in virtual interactions. Using layered textual analyses synthesising Bernstein's theory of pedagogic discourse and Systemic Functional Linguistics, a description of the unit drew out contradictory aspects in its macrogenre design. On one hand, the design aimed for cultural saming in terms of delivering undifferentiated curriculum and pedagogy for the diverse cohort of students. On the other hand, it also aimed for cultural differencing in the 'student subsidy'of the curriculum. The analysis showed how cultural difference was thus produced as both a curricular asset, and as a series of pedagogical problems in the case study unit. The 'student subsidy' design involved allocating students to purposefully mixed groups for assessable small group discussions in order to enrich the curricular treatment of cultural diversity as a topic of interest. This design invoked expressions of a range of cultural identities and knowledge claims about cultural differences. These claims were analysed with reference to how they were legitimated, and who invoked what culture on behalf of which groups. Despite the design of an undifferentiated process, the conduct of the unit displayed a number of pedagogical problems or 'regulative flares' in which groups of students complained about being overly or insufficiently differentiated. The analysis focused on three such flares: troubles with naming protocols; troubles around genre expectations for assessment tasks; and trouble over 'local' markers for the Malaysia students. These were summarised as trouble with the unit's 'default settings' and presumptuous assumptions about whose cultural terms applied in this educational setting. The study makes a contribution to the sociology of education, in particular with regard to internationalisation and online modes of delivery. The empirical study also contributes to the sociology of the cultural processes of globalisation. More practically, it is suggested that such programs could profitably embrace a version of culture more in line with the entangled routes and global flows that have brought the students and provider together, one that can accommodate and celebrate glocalised identities.

Like many other cataclysmic events September 11, a day now popularly believed to have 'changed the world', has become a topic taken up by children's writers. This thesis, titled The Whole World Shook: Ethnic, National and Heroic Identities in Children's Fiction About 9/11, examines how cultural identities are constructed within fictional texts for young people written about the attacks on the Twin Towers. It identifies three significant identity categories encoded in 9/11 books for children: ethnic identities, national identities, and heroic identities. The thesis argues that the identities formed within the selected children's texts are in flux, privileging performances of identities that are contingent on post-9/11 politics. This study is located within the field of children's literature criticism, which supports the understanding that children's books, like all texts, play a role in the production of identities. Children's literature is highly significant both in its pedagogical intent (to instruct and induct children into cultural practices and beliefs) and in its obscurity (in making the complex simple enough for children, and from sometimes intentionally shying away from difficult things). This literary criticism informed the study that the texts, if they were to be written at all, would be complex, varied and most likely as ambiguous and contradictory as the responses to the attacks on New York themselves. The theoretical framework for this thesis draws on a range of critical theories including literary theory, cultural studies, studies of performativity and postmodernism. This critical framework informs the approach by providing ways for: (i) understanding how political and ideological work is performed in children's literature; (ii) interrogating the constructed nature of cultural identities; (iii) developing a nuanced methodology for carrying out a close textual analysis. The textual analysis examines a representative sample of children's texts about 9/11, including picture books, young adult fiction, and a selection of DC Comics. Each chapter focuses on a different though related identity category. Chapter Four examines the performance of ethnic identities and race politics within a sample of picture books and young adult fiction; Chapter Five analyses the construction of collective, national identities in another set of texts; and Chapter Six does analytic work on a third set of texts, demonstrating the strategic performance of particular kinds of heroic identities. I argue that performances of cultural identities constructed in these texts draw on familiar versions of identities as well as contribute to new ones. These textual constructions can be seen as offering some certainties in increasingly uncertain times. The study finds, in its sample of books a co-mingling of xenophobia and tolerance; a binaried competition between good and evil and global harmony and national insularity; and a lauding of both the commonplace hero and the super-human. Being a recent corpus of texts about 9/11, these texts provide information on the kinds of 'selves' that appear to be privileged in the West since 2001. The thesis concludes that the shifting identities evident in texts that are being produced for children about 9/11 offer implicit and explicit accounts of what constitute good citizenship, loyalty to nation and community, and desirable attributes in a Western post-9/11 context. This thesis makes an original contribution to the field of children's literature by providing a focussed and sustained analysis of how texts for children about 9/11 contribute to formations of identity in these complex times of cultural unease and global unrest.

This dissertation explored a number of themes associated with adolescent drug and alcohol prevention among culturally diverse Northern Australian adolescents. It was undertaken because important differences are often associated with specific cultural groups and local knowledge is often needed as a means of informing effective prevention programs. Five studies are presented, each, with its own hypotheses, results and conclusions that examine influences on the common dependent variable of adolescent substance use. In consultation with teachers a new universal school-based drug and alcohol prevention program was developed addressing the four most commonly used substances among Australian adolescents, namely alcohol, cigarettes, cannabis and inhalants. The program was predicated on the social influence and alcohol harm minimisation models and was successful in reducing alcohol initiation and increasing cannabis and inhalant refusal self-efficacy among non-initiates. Program delivery is equally as important and program content and prevention programs utilising interactive teaching have been found to be more effective in preventing adolescent substance use than those delivered in a didactic or non-interactive style. The implementation evaluation found that teachers delivered less of the interactive program contents (49%) compared with the non-interactive components (84%). Quality of program delivery may have explained the limited efficacy of the school program to reduce cigarette use and to deter use among those who had already initiated substance use. Additionally three descriptive studies explored variables representing risk and protection for adolescent substance use. Key finding were that cultural identity was observed to be protective of both Indigenous and Non-Indigenous alcohol initiation but was associated with risk for Indigenous youth who had any number of drinking friends; that drinking parents had a strong direct effect on adolescent drinking independent of friends’ use; and a lack of school connectedness was associated with increased adolescent smoking and drinking. This dissertation demonstrated that a school drug education program in its self cannot effectively prevent adolescent drug use. While improvements can be made to current teaching practices, school curricula need to be supplemented with multi-modal programs that aim to selectively reduce parental substance use and improve the school experience for all students.

Tribal traditions and practices are integral to iwi identity. From the past to the present, the biggest impact on iwi identity was colonisation and subsequent urbanisation. Urbanisation changed the foundation of identity largely due to the demographic rural-urban shift, effectively creating a distance physically and spiritually for Māori between their place of residence and their traditional tribal turangawaewae. Today a larger proportion of tribal members reside in the main urban centres of New Zealand and Australia. This phenomenon provides an ideal opportunity to explore how iwi identity is maintained in an urban setting – away from the traditional sites of cultural practice. The study, which focuses on Ngāti Awa members residing in Auckland, provided evidence that the foundation of an iwi identity is still heavily reliant on strong iwi-based whānau. The corollary is that, strengthening the tribal knowledge base of whānau residing in urban centres may require new or increased active participation in the customs and practices of their iwi. Regrettably, only three of the ten research participants had an in-depth knowledge of their whakapapa, histories and traditions. However, all the participants indicated the need to become more pro-active in creating and expanding on their knowledge base of iwitanga (including te reo). There was also acknowledgement that urban-based iwi marae and whānau wānanga can provide individuals with the opportunities to learn more about their iwi traditions (and thereby reinforce their sense of tribal identity). Encouragingly, each participant confirmed that identifying as Ngāti Awa was important to them, largely due to the sense of belonging and identity. The study concluded that the sustainability of iwi is reliant on iwi members supporting their iwi regardless of the location of their upbringing.

The aim of this thesis is to study the multidimensional relation between the spatial and the social by focusing on Van as a place. In order to understand social processes, it is important to view the complex relation between the spatial and the social. Taking the space-place relation into consideration, this work approaches to the processes of construction and representation of identity of place in the framework of the interrelation between place, culture and identity. Different groups in society are in a constant contestation over the construction of the meaning and the identity of place. This work, studies how place is constituted both materially and imaginarily within this contestation process. Senses of place and the meanings given to places are formed by social, cultural, economical and political situations of the people. Consequently this thesis, discusses the contestation over the representation and the use of place in the context of social, cultural, economical, political processes and power relations. It considers the dynamics which are effective on the constitution of image of Van. It studies the influences of these dynamics on the construction, the use, the transformation and the reproduction of place through the cultural practices of different groups in the city. This thesis, researches the relation between place and culture, the everyday life practices of different groups and the process of production of meaning through these practices.

L’œuvre d’Ovide est composée au sortir d’une époque de profonds bouleversements sociaux, culturels et spatiaux. Sous Auguste qui réorganise l’Empire émerge une représentation de l’espace conçu comme un ensemble unifié. Les Métamorphoses proposent au lecteur un voyage dans le temps selon un axe chronologique immense, en même temps qu’un voyage dans l’espace, de la Grèce des débuts du monde à Rome et au monde entier. Elles peuvent s’interpréter comme une épopée sur l’espace, progressivement maîtrisé. Le poète sélectionne les lieux et les traits de géographie physique (fleuves, monts) et urbaine qui vont constituer l’armature ou l’arrière-plan d’un mythe. Ces lieux sont le plus souvent ceux des traditions mythiques grecques, les toponymes sont homériques ou alexandrins, mais Ovide se les approprie et réinterprète les représentations spatiales de ses prédécesseurs pour construire sa vision de l’espace ; en outre, il introduit dès la cosmogonie initiale des toponymes récents, ouvrant ainsi l’espace du poème à la géographie et à l’histoire universelles. Cette réécriture romaine des mythes s’inscrit dans un questionnement sur la culture et la citoyenneté romaines et met en lumière les rapports complexes qu’elle entretient avec la culture grecque. Ces rapports se jouent à l’échelle de chaque mythe, dès lors qu’un toponyme est mentionné, mais aussi à l’échelle du poème entier : les lieux sont mis en en réseau les uns avec les autres et ont une histoire qui se construit au fil des livres. Le poète fait ainsi coïncider géographie physique et géographie culturelle, nature et culture, en racontant la construction de l’espace par une collectivité qui est à la fois l’humanité entière et plus spécifiquement, le peuple romain, nourri de culture grecque. / Ovid’s Metamorphoses are written in an age of profound change. Not only does power evoluate in the hands of the Princeps, but also space: the new management of the provinciae and the reorganization of the City make it possible to conceive the geographical space of Empire as united. The poem echoes these transformations by introducing heroes who travel all over the world. The wide range of places and countries seems to match with the enormous temporal scope announced in the poem. The poem can be seen as an epos on space : space is progressively dominated, from the beginning of humanity to the reign of Rome. In each myth, Ovid selects the places, the rivers, mountains or cities he needs, abiding by mythical traditions and cultural representations : toponyms are borrowed from Homer or the Alexandrian poets ; but simultaneously he revitalizes them : he constructs his vision of geographical space and spatial organization. As early as the first cosmogony, he introduces toponyms which had been known only very recently in latin, thus opening his poem to universal geography and history. By transposing Greek myth in Roman space, the poet deals with cultural identity, in a time when Roman culture was undergoing a metamorphosis. He insists on the Greek roots of Roman culture and simultaneously projects it on a wider, universal scale. Places have a history, progressively revealed in each book. By setting myths in a web where each place has its own significance but also is better understood when related to the other, he constructs a space which is both natural and cultural, and a history of humanity and of Greco-Roman identity.

Submitted by Tatiana Lima (tatianasl@ufba.br) on 2016-07-01T18:59:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Bezerra, Cecília Oliveira.pdf: 6182870 bytes, checksum: 76df68ef28d9ebae26b808e5a1b79759 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lima (tatianasl@ufba.br) on 2016-07-05T20:15:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Bezerra, Cecília Oliveira.pdf: 6182870 bytes, checksum: 76df68ef28d9ebae26b808e5a1b79759 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-05T20:15:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bezerra, Cecília Oliveira.pdf: 6182870 bytes, checksum: 76df68ef28d9ebae26b808e5a1b79759 (MD5) / As práticas de marketing digital e comércio eletrônico podem potencializar a percepção sobre produtos e incentivar o consumo. No campo da gestão social, percebemos um descompasso na velocidade da apropriação destas tecnologias, quando falamos de produtos culturais, em especial, o artesanato brasileiro. Além disso, atuar com e na internet não representa o uso qualificado de tecnologias que priorizem a promoção da identidade cultural. Esta pesquisa propõe o desenvolvimento de uma tecnologia social, o Website "Artesão Digital", focada na promoção e no fortalecimento da tradição artesanal, a partir do uso das ferramentas do marketing digital e comércio eletrônico, que respeitem e valorizem a identidade cultural dos artesãos brasileiros, além de ensiná-los a dar destaque ao seu trabalho, bem como seus produtos. Propõe-se mecanismos que reforcem o valor da tradição, da identidade e dos fazeres artesanais. A metodologia foi exploratória descritiva, utilizando-se das técnicas de entrevista e análise de documentos. Destaca-se como resultados, o fato de que esta tecnologia social poderá se tornar referência para os artesãos sobre como utilizar as ferramentas disponíveis na internet, na perspectiva de poder ampliar as suas possibilidades de atuação. Como vantagem, observa-se ainda que as ferramentas da Web são de fácil acesso e baixo custo e uma melhor compreensão sobre a sua aplicabilidade pode contribuir para conquista de resultados satisfatórios e compatíveis com a riqueza da identidade cultural dos artesãos brasileiros. Pode ser utilizada em outros campos de atuação da gestão social. Digital marketing and e-commerce practices can boost perception about merchandise and incentive consumption. In the field of social management, it´s seen a mismatch concerning the velocity of appropriation of these technologies by cultural products and especially by the Brazilian handicrafts. Thus, the internet use does not represent the qualified use of technologies that prioritize promoting cultural identity. This research aims at the development of a social technology, the website “Artesão Digital”, focused on the promotion and strengthening of the artisan tradition originated by the use of digital marketing and e-commerce tools that respect and value the cultural identity of Brazilian artisans and that also teach them to highlight their work as well as their products. Mechanisms that reinforce the value of the tradition, identity and artisan doings are here suggested. It was used an exploratory and descriptive methodology based on interview techniques and document analysis. As a result this social technology will hopefully be a reference to artisans when using the available internet tools to broaden the possibilities of their performance. As benefits the web tools can be easily accessed, don’t require high investments and lead to a better comprehension of how their applicability can contribute to satisfactory results that are compatible with the cultural identity of Brazilian artisans. It can also be used in other fields of social management.