Nonprofits need dedicated people to meet the mission of the organization and to address the social and societal conditions they were established to address. How are nonprofit organizations cultivating the next generation of leaders? With five generations of workers in the workplace, the field for new, nonprofit, board-level volunteers is large. However, research shows that young professionals and marginalized racial minorities are underrepresented or not represented in this area. Why is this our current reality and what is hindering the service of these leaders on nonprofit boards? This dissertation examines the role of representation in generational and racial terms on the board of directors of nonprofit organizations in South Carolina. / Business Administration/Human Resource Management

No description available.

The importance of the site discovery process in archaeological research should not be underestimated. The primary function of an archaeological site discovery survey is to locate, identify and to some degree evaluate the horizontal extent of buried cultural resources (King 1998; Neuman and Sanford 2001, 2010). This thesis examines the effectiveness of archaeological surface and subsurface survey techniques commonly used in the Mid-Atlantic Region of eastern North America. The present work uses a cultural resource management archaeological site discovery survey conducted in 2004 on a 549-acre property located in Loudoun County, Virginia as a case study. The variety of environments, resources and methods employed during this site discovery survey present a unique opportunity to analyze a variety of survey techniques. Specifically, point provenience surface collection, gridded surface collection, shovel testing and close-interval shovel testing are examined. This thesis reveals several key findings. First, all forms of survey technique have benefits and limitations, based on levels of intensity and survey environment. Second, survey objectives, survey environment and logistics all play a part in the decision process for choosing an appropriate survey technique. Third, state guidelines, while an influencing stricture born out of a rich intellectual tradition, should not solely dictate the survey process. Fourth, the use of a variety of complementary techniques is vital to thoroughness in the archaeological process, and, finally, it is necessary to repeatedly investigate and monitor a landscape whenever possible. / Anthropology

Herança basicamente portuguesa, as festas religiosas no Brasil ganharam contornos populares, sendo de grande importância para a formação da cultura popular e para a identidade nacional. Em Ilhabela, litoral norte do Estado de São Paulo, a Festa de São Benedito que tem com ponto máximo a apresentação da Congada de São Benedito vem sendo realizada há mais de cento e cinquenta anos, sem nunca ter sido interrompida. Esta festa recebeu grande influência africana e não se tornou mero entretenimento, mantendo sua tradição como uma manifestação de grande religiosidade popular, onde o sagrado e o profano estão interligados em uma demonstração de fé e solidariedade que atravessa gerações e se constitui em significativo patrimônio imaterial brasileiro. Deve-se compreender que não só o governo deve atuar como co-responsável no comprometimento pela preservação e salvaguarda desse bem cultural, mas também toda a comunidade local, verdadeira detentora do saber e da qual depende a efetiva prática da transmissão para as futuras gerações. Neste trabalho foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica e exploratória, buscando-se um referencial teórico para a compreensão e elucidação dos fatos, sem desprezar o registro da memória coletiva obtido através de entrevistas abertas realizadas com os detentores da festa. / Inheritance basically Portuguese, the religious parties in Brazil, earn popular profile, being very important to the popular culture development and national identity. In Ilhabela, north coast of São Paulo State, São Beneditos Party which has as a culminating point the São Beneditos Congada has being realized an hundred fifty years ago, without any interruption. This party received great African influence and didnt become a simple entertainment, keeping its tradition as a manifestation of great popular religiosity, where the sacred and the profane were connected in a faith and solidarity proof, which passes along generations and consists of a Brazilian immaterial patrimony. We must understand that not only the government must acts as the responsible under an engagement for the preservation and safeguard of this cultural resource, but also the whole local community, the truth owner of the knowledge and from whom depend the effective practice on the transmission for the future generations. This study realized a bibliographic and inquiry research, looking for a theoretic reference to the understanding and elucidation of the facts, without despising the collective memory register obtained through opened interviews made with the party owners.

Since Ukraine's independence, a burgeoning private sector has been increasingly encroaching in cultural spaces that previously were conceived of as "property of the state." This dissertation is an ethnographic account of how objects of cultural heritage are being re-configured within the new post-Soviet economy. Specifically, it focuses on sound archive field recordings of traditional music and how they are being transformed into cultural commodities. Regarding the jurisdiction of culture - who controls cultural heritage and how it is used to represent ethnic and national identity - my research shows how these boundaries are increasingly being negotiated within structures of social, cultural and political power. Thus, culture becomes a contested object between competing ideological systems: cultural heritage as a means to salvage and reconstruct repressed histories and to revive former national traditions, on the one hand, and cultural heritage as a creative, future-oriented force to construct new identities in growing consumer marketplaces.

Nur langsam scheinen jene Schockwellen abzuebben, die ausgelöst durch die Ergebnisse der PISA-Erhebungen seit mehr als einem Jahrzehnt die Bildungsrepublik Deutschland durchqueren und weite Teile der Gesellschaft in den Zustand regelrechter Bildungspanik versetzten. An der Schwelle zum 21. Jahrhundert belegte eine Reihe von Studien für das wiedervereinte Deutschland eine im OECD-Vergleich besonders ausgeprägte Abhängigkeit des Bildungserfolges von der sozialen Herkunft. Als eine Konsequenz ist der Zugang zu tertiärer Bildung bis dato deutlich durch soziale Ungleichheit gekennzeichnet. Vor diesem Hintergrund leistet die vorliegende Dissertationsschrift einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur ursächlichen Erklärung von Mustern sozialer Selektivität, die an den Gelenkstellen zwischen sekundären und postsekundären Bildungsangeboten sichtbar werden. Auf innovative Weise verbindet die Arbeit ein zeitgemäßes handlungstheoretisches Modell mit einer komplexen Lebensstilanalyse. Die Analyse stützt sich auf Erhebungsdaten, die zwischen Januar und April 2010 an mehr als 30 weiterführenden Schulen des Bundeslandes Brandenburg erhoben wurden. Im Mittelpunkt des Forschungsinteresses steht einerseits die Identifikation von sozial-kognitiven Determinanten, die das Niveau und die Richtung postsekundärer Bildungsaspirationen maßgeblich vorstrukturieren sowie andererseits deren Verortung im Kontext jugendlicher Lebensstile. Das komplexe Analysedesign erweist sich als empirisch fruchtbar: So erbringt die Arbeit den empirischen Nachweis, dass die spezifischen Konfigurationen der bestätigten psychosozialen Prädiktoren nicht nur statistisch bedeutsam zwischen jugendlichen Stilmustern variieren, sondern sich diesbezüglich erfolgreiche von weniger erfolgreichen Typen unterscheiden lassen. / The results of the PISA-inquiry sent shock waves through society, influencing education policy and causing large portions of society angst over education; these effects have subsided slowly over the past decade. A series of studies concerning a reunited Germany conducted at the beginning of the 21st century found a particularly strong correlation between educational success and social demographics as compared to the OECD, the consequence of this pattern being an inequality between social demographics in terms of access to tertiary education. Against this background, the presented dissertation thesis contributes to a causal explanation of patterns of social selectivity which become visible at the transition between secondary and post-secondary education. This thesis combines a contemporary action-theoretical approach with a complex life-style analysis in an innovative way. The analysis is based on survey data collected at more than 30 continuative/ post-secondary schools in Brandenburg (Germany) between January and April of 2010. Focus of the research is the identification of social-cognitive factors which significantly structure standard and direction of post-secondary aspirations as well as their localization in context of adolescent life-styles. The complex design of the analysis proves to be empirical fertile: Therefore, this thesis provides the empirical verification that the specific configurations of the affirmed psycho-social predicators do not only vary statistically important between adolescent style-patterns but provide the basis to differentiate between successful and less successful types.

No description available.

Herança basicamente portuguesa, as festas religiosas no Brasil ganharam contornos populares, sendo de grande importância para a formação da cultura popular e para a identidade nacional. Em Ilhabela, litoral norte do Estado de São Paulo, a Festa de São Benedito que tem com ponto máximo a apresentação da Congada de São Benedito vem sendo realizada há mais de cento e cinquenta anos, sem nunca ter sido interrompida. Esta festa recebeu grande influência africana e não se tornou mero entretenimento, mantendo sua tradição como uma manifestação de grande religiosidade popular, onde o sagrado e o profano estão interligados em uma demonstração de fé e solidariedade que atravessa gerações e se constitui em significativo patrimônio imaterial brasileiro. Deve-se compreender que não só o governo deve atuar como co-responsável no comprometimento pela preservação e salvaguarda desse bem cultural, mas também toda a comunidade local, verdadeira detentora do saber e da qual depende a efetiva prática da transmissão para as futuras gerações. Neste trabalho foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica e exploratória, buscando-se um referencial teórico para a compreensão e elucidação dos fatos, sem desprezar o registro da memória coletiva obtido através de entrevistas abertas realizadas com os detentores da festa. / Inheritance basically Portuguese, the religious parties in Brazil, earn popular profile, being very important to the popular culture development and national identity. In Ilhabela, north coast of São Paulo State, São Beneditos Party which has as a culminating point the São Beneditos Congada has being realized an hundred fifty years ago, without any interruption. This party received great African influence and didnt become a simple entertainment, keeping its tradition as a manifestation of great popular religiosity, where the sacred and the profane were connected in a faith and solidarity proof, which passes along generations and consists of a Brazilian immaterial patrimony. We must understand that not only the government must acts as the responsible under an engagement for the preservation and safeguard of this cultural resource, but also the whole local community, the truth owner of the knowledge and from whom depend the effective practice on the transmission for the future generations. This study realized a bibliographic and inquiry research, looking for a theoretic reference to the understanding and elucidation of the facts, without despising the collective memory register obtained through opened interviews made with the party owners.

This dissertation analyses the career of psychologists working in a management position at different area of activities of the Psychology in the city of Aracaju/SE, and try to understand the social resources (academic, economic, political, religious, social origin, original position, social relations and professional and social status), which are mobilized by these professionals since their entry and rise in the professional market, besides of permanency in the managerial jobs such important to professional success. The interest appeared from the curiosity to investigate this group, based in the fact that is a predominantly individualistic profession, and so, has created some questions to be answered: a) what are the working areas of psychologists? b) How they rise to higher hierarchical levels in different areas of activities? c) How their academic and job career contributed to hold such prominent posts? The social resources were used as indicators to stand and explain the question. The empirical universe is provided by psychologist holding manager positions at psychology working area. This dissertation is divided in four moments: the first of them leaded the theoretical and conceptual model around the institutionalization of psychology profession, social resources and trajectory and its interrelations; the second investigated and treated the social conditions with the emergence and establishment of the profession of psychology in Brazil and Sergipe; the third presented and discussed the sociography of the psychology in Brazil based on two Brazilian researches; and the fourth demonstrated the career of the agents inside of a social composition analysis, academic life, the investment and professional perception and aimed to comprehend the request of social resources. This work explained that the request of social and cultural resources fundamentally burden to assume managerial posts and the use of these resources to assure the integration, permanency and rising to higher professional levels. The way as those resources were required is related to network relations, and were established and articulated directly by the agents or through their families, teachers and classmates. The period when these resources were triggered started at the university entrance. Cultural capital has its basis in the university degree (diploma), technical knowledge, expertise in the area and others important titles, however, the graduation is mandatory and essential to the professional insertion. To have an entrepreneur, persuasive and active posture is also very important to assume privileged positions. In regard of professional involvement and commitment, what cares is to be registered in the Psychology Council, to be involved with social work groups and engaged with both study groups and specific associations within more than one professional area of activity and working. It was in fact perceived that social networks were generated, established and maintained along the carrier of the agents. / Esta dissertação analisa a trajetória dos psicólogos que ocupam posição gerencial em diferentes espaços de atuação da Psicologia na cidade de Aracaju/SE, buscando compreender quais são os recursos sociais (origem social, posição de origem e escolar, relações sociais, econômicas, políticas, religiosas, profissionais e posição social) mobilizados por estes profissionais desde a entrada no mercado profissional, ascensão dentro da profissão e permanência nos postos gerenciais na profissão (que pesam para a consagração profissional). O interesse surgiu da curiosidade em identificar e conhecer este grupo, por se tratar de uma profissão predominantemente individualista, gerando assim as indagações: a) em que espaços profissionais os psicólogos estão atuando? b) como esses profissionais chegam aos postos hierárquicos mais altos dentro dos diversos espaços de atuação? c) como suas trajetórias escolares e profissionais pesaram para a ocupação de tais postos de destaque? Os recursos sociais foram utilizados como indicadores e deram suporte para elucidar a questão. O universo empírico é constituído pelos psicólogos que ocupam cargos gerenciais na psicologia. Esta dissertação está dividida em quatro momentos: o primeiro trouxe à tona o modelo teórico/conceitual em torno da institucionalização da profissão de psicologia, recursos sociais e trajetórias e suas inter-relações; o segundo investigou e tratou das condições sociais do surgimento e estabelecimento da profissão de psicologia no Brasil e em Sergipe; o terceiro apresentou e discutiu a sociografia da psicologia no Brasil segundo duas pesquisas nacionais; e o quarto trouxe as trajetórias dos agentes pesquisados dentro de uma análise de composição social, percurso educacional, investimento e percepção profissional com o objetivo de compreender o acionamento dos recursos sociais. Esta dissertação permite mostrar que é o acionamento dos recursos social e cultural que pesam fundamentalmente para a ocupação de postos gerencias e o uso destes recursos garantem a inserção, permanência e ascensão a postos mais elevados na profissão. A maneira como esses recursos foram acionados estão relacionados às redes de relações, pois estas foram estabelecidas e articuladas no uso direto pelos agentes ou por intermédio de seus familiares, professores e colegas de curso. O período em que estes recursos foram acionados começa a partir da formação universitária. Quanto ao recurso cultural verificou-se que a formação acadêmica (ter diploma), o conhecimento técnico, expertise na área e outros títulos robustos são basilares, sendo o primeiro obrigatório para inserção profissional. Ter uma postura empreendedora, persuasiva e ativa também é significativo para a ocupação dos postos privilegiados. Quanto ao engajamento profissional, o que pesa é estar associado ao Conselho da categoria, ligado e envolvido em algum grupo/associação específico, engajando-se em trabalhos sociais, envolvido em grupo/associação de estudo específica em sua área/linha de atuação e atuando em mais de um espaço dentro na profissão. Percebeu-se de fato que redes sociais foram geradas, estabelecidas e mantidas ao longo dos percursos dos agentes.

This critical participatory ethnographic study examines the negotiation of civic identity by urban Indigenous students in public high school social studies classes, a Native youth council, and the civic environment of a school in Washington State, where the Since Time Immemorial curriculum is mandated in social studies classes. Using Safety Zone and Tribal Critical Race theories to understand the experiences of students, stories from observations, participant interviews, and focus groups are employed as data. This study found that connections between students’ land/s and Nation/s, participation in service and activism with other Nation/s, a caring teacher, family civic connections, curricula that centers American Indian history and current events, and school were vital to these negotiations. These spaces were zones of sovereignty (Lomawaima & McCarty, 2014) forwarding survivance and self-determination for students. Student understanding of the Indigenous civic constructs of sovereignty, self-determination, dual citizenship and an understanding of federal Indian policy are explored as sites where they created and sustained their own civic identities inside and outside of school.