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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
131

Creating and Evaluating an Interactive Visualization Tool For Crowd Trajectory Data / Att bygga och utvärdera ett interaktivt visualiseringsverktyg för gångbanor hos folksamlingar

Sonebo, Christina, Ekelöf, Joel January 2018 (has links)
There is currently no set standard for evaluating visualization environments. Even though the number of visualizations has increased, there is a tendency to overlook the evaluation of their usability. This thesis investigates how a visualization tool for crowd trajectory data can be made using the visualization technique of animated maps and the JavaScript library D3.js. Furthermore it explores how such a visualization tool can be evaluated according to a suggested framework for spatio-temporal data.     The developed tool uses data taken from the UCY Graphics Lab, consisting of 415 trajectories collected from a video recorded at a campus area. User evaluation was performed through a user test with a total of six participants, measuring effectiveness as completed tasks, and satisfaction as ease of use for three different amounts of trajectories. Qualitative data was recorded through using the think aloud protocol to gather feedback to further improve the implementation. The evaluation shows that the visualization tool is usable and effective, and that the technique of animated maps in combination with a heatmap can aid users when exploring and formulating ideas about data of this kind. It is also concluded that the framework is a possible tool to utilize when validating visualization systems for crowd trajectory data. / Det finns i dagsläget ingen etablerad standard för att utvärdera visualiseringssystem. Även om antalet visualiseringar har ökat finns det en tendens att förbise utvärderandet av deras användbarhet. I det här arbetet undersöker vi hur ett visualiseringsverktyg för data av gångbanor hos folksamlingar kan skapas, med hjälp utav visualiseringsmetoden animated maps och JavaScript-biblioteket D3.js. Vidare undersöker vi hur det är möjligt att evaluera ett visualiseringsverktyg utefter ett givet ramverk.  Visualiseringsverktyget använder data från UCY Graphics Lab. Datan består av 415 gångbanor som är insamlade från en videoinspelning av ett campusområde. En utvärdering genomfördes sedan med sex deltagare, där visualiseringens effektivitet och användarvänlighet mättes. Frågorna ställdes för tre olika mängder av gångbanor. Kvalitativa data dokumenterades genom en så kallad ''think aloud'', för att ge återkoppling och förslag på möjliga förbättringar av visualiseringen. Evalueringen visar på att animated maps i kombination med en heatmap kan hjälpa användare att utforska data av gångbanor hos folksamlingar, samt att verktyget är effektivt och användbart. Det är också visat att det ramverk som användes vid evalueringen är ett möjligt verktyg för att validera visualiseringsverktyg av den typ som gjorts i det här projektet.
132

Vitamin D Status of American Adults Age 18 Years and Older: National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2002 and 2003-2004

Scherf, Kayla K. 03 December 2008 (has links)
No description available.
133

Vitamin D3 and Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins Reduces Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in an Alzheimer’s Disease Like-Model Consisting of Microglial and Neuronal Co-Cultures

Evdokiou, Alexander 01 August 2017 (has links)
No description available.
134

Getting Graphical with Knowledge Graphs : A proof-of-concept for extending and modifying knowledge graphs

Granberg, Roberth, Hellman, Anton January 2022 (has links)
Knowledge Graph (KG) is an emerging topic of research. The promise of KGs is to be able to turn data into knowledge by supplying the data with context at the source. This could in turn allow machines to make sense of data by inference; looking at the context of the data and being able to derive knowledge from its context and relations, thus allowing for new ways of finding value in the sea of data that the world produces today. Working with KGs today involves many steps that are open to simplification and improvement, especially in regards to usability. In this thesis, we've aimed to design and produce an application that can be used to modify, extend and build KGs. The work includes the front-end library VueJS, the Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) library D3 and the graph database Stardog. The project has made use of Scrum methodology to distribute and plan the work that took place over a span of six months, with two developers working halftime (20 hours/week). The result of the project is a working application that can be used by developers within the KG domain who want to be able to test and modify their graphs in a visual manner.
135

Positron emission tomography of extra-striatal dopamine release

Gravel, Paul January 2008 (has links)
No description available.
136

Age-related digestive alterations and their impact on nutrients digestibility

Hernández Olivas, Ever 25 October 2021 (has links)
Tesis por compendio / [ES] El envejecimiento poblacional es un fenómeno sin parangón en la historia de la humanidad. Así, se espera que las personas mayores de 65 años, o población sénior, doblen por primera a la población infantil en 2050. Cumplir años implica una serie de cambios a nivel fisiológico que comprenden, entre otros, una pérdida de funcionalidad de los órganos implicados en el proceso digestivo. En este sentido, el estudio de la digestibilidad de nutrientes, principalmente proteínas, y la bioaccesibilidad de determinadas vitaminas y minerales de interés para la salud de la población sénior, son de especial interés. Solo a partir de evidencias científicas será posible establecer recomendaciones nutricionales de ámbito clínico, y diseñar alimentos funcionales orientados a las necesidades específicas de este grupo poblacional. Entre los nutrientes mayoritariamente afectados por las alteraciones digestivas típicas de personas sénior, las proteínas suponen el reto más importante. Se sabe que las alteraciones orales, gástricas e intestinales afectan su digestión y absorción, contribuyendo al declive del estado general de salud, dando lugar a una pérdida de masa muscular, incremento y cambio de distribución de masa lipídica, huesos y articulaciones más débiles, algunas enfermedades metabólicas y cardiovasculares, entre otros cambios de tipo psicológico y social. El objetivo principal de esta tesis doctoral ha sido evaluar el impacto de las diferentes alteraciones que aparecen con la edad a nivel oral, gástrico e intestinal en la digestibilidad de proteínas, grasas y carbohidratos, así como en la bioaccesibilidad de micronutrientes de interés. Concretamente, se han analizado en alimentos ricos en proteína cuyo consumo está recomendado para mayores de 65 años, y que difieren entre sí en el origen de la proteína (pescados, lácteos, huevo, carne, legumbres y cereales). Para alcanzar este objetivo, se recurrió a modelos digestión in vitro en estático los cuales permiten simular, en condiciones controladas de laboratorio, el proceso digestivo de diferentes grupos de población y muestrear de forma no invasiva. Los resultados más relevantes de esta tesis doctoral se presentan en cinco capítulos, abordando en cada grupo alimenticio, la respuesta digestiva derivada tanto de las alteraciones fisiológicas dados en población sénior, como de ciertos factores inherentes al alimento. En cuanto a las alteraciones digestivas propias de la edad, es posible afirmar que las insuficiencias pancreática y biliar fueron las principales encargadas de reducir de forma significativa la extensión de la proteólisis en casi la totalidad de alimentos estudiados. Los resultados indican una mayor digestibilidad proteica en pescados magros, el huevo duro y escalfado, quesos, carnes de pollo y de vacuno, así como legumbres en general. La digestibilidad de las grasas, en cambio, no resultó negativamente afectada. Por otro lado, los quesos, sardina, así como algunos granos de legumbres y cereales contribuirían satisfactoriamente al aporte de calcio bioaccesible en mayor medida que otras matrices alimentarias. En cuanto a las vitaminas liposolubles, la ingesta de salmón y de quesos fueron una excelente fuente tanto de vitamina A como D3 en su forma bioabsorbible; mientras que la bioaccesibilidad de ambas vitaminas en huevo, dependió del método de cocinado. Además, la carne de cerdo brinda el mayor efecto antihipertensivo, mientras que la de pavo ejerce mayor efecto como antioxidante. Por último, la relación aminoácidos esenciales/ no esenciales aumentó en condiciones alteradas al final de la digestión, en comparación con las condiciones estándar de adulto sano. Por lo que, aun con una digestibilidad de proteínas afectada, los digeridos tendrán efecto contra la sarcopenia. / [CA] L'envelliment poblacional és un fenomen sense parangó en la història de la humanitat. Així, s'espera que les persones majors de 65 anys, o població sènior, dobleguen per primera a la població infantil en 2050. Complir anys implica una sèrie de canvis a nivell fisiològic que comprenen, entre altres, una pèrdua de funcionalitat dels òrgans implicats en el procés digestiu. En aquest sentit, l'estudi de la digestibilitat de nutrients, principalment proteïnes, i la bioaccesibilitat de determinades vitamines i minerals d'interès per a la salut de la població sènior, són d'especial interès. Només a partir d'evidències científiques serà útil establir recomanacions nutricionals d'àmbit clínic, i dissenyar aliments funcionals orientats a les necessitats específiques d'aquest grup poblacional. Entre els nutrients majoritàriament afectats per les alteracions digestives típiques de persones sènior, les proteïnes suposen el repte mes important. Se sap que les alteracions orals, gàstriques i intestinals afecten la seua digestió i absorció, contribuint al declivi de l'estat general de salut, donant lloc a una perduda de massa muscular, increment i canvi de distribució de massa lipídica, ossos i articulacions més febles, algunes malalties metabòliques i cardiovasculars, entre altres canvis de tipus psicològic i social. L'objectiu principal d'aquesta tesi doctoral ha sigut avaluar l'impacte de les diferents alteracions que apareixen amb l'edat a nivell oral, gàstric i intestinal en la digestibilitat de proteïnes, greixos i carbohidrats, així com en la bioccesbilitat de micronutrients d'interès, en aliments rics en proteïna el consum de la qual està recomanat per a majors de 65 anys, i que difereixen entre si en l'origen d'aquest macronutrient (peixos, lactis, ou, carn, llegums i cereals). Per a aconseguir aquest objectiu, es va recórrer a models digestió in vitro en estàtic els quals permeten simular, en condicions controlades de laboratori, el procés digestiu de diferents grups de població i mostrejar de forma no invasiva. Els resultats més rellevants d'aquesta tesi doctoral es presenten en cinc capítols, abordant en cada grup alimentós, la resposta digestiva derivada tant de les alteracions fisiològiques donats en població sènior, com d'uns certs factors inherents a l'aliment. Quant a les alteracions digestives pròpies de l'edat, és possible afirmar que les insuficiències pancreàtica i biliar van ser les principals encarregades de reduir de manera significativa l'extensió de la proteòlisien quasi la totalitat d'aliments estudiats. Els resultats indiquen una major digestibilitat proteica en peixos magres, l'ou dur i escalfat, formatges, carns de pollastre i de boví, així com llegums en general. La digestibilitat dels greixos, en canvi, no va resultar negativament afectada. D'altra banda, els formatges, sardina, així com alguns grans de llegums i cereals contribuirien satisfactòriament a l'aportació de calci bioaccesible en major mesura que altres matrius alimentàries. Quant a les vitamines liposolubles, la ingesta de salmó i de formatges van ser una excel·lent font tant de vitamina A com D3 en la seua forma bioabsorbible; mentre que la bioaccesibilitat de totes dues vitamines en ou, va dependre del mètode de cuinat. A més, la carn de porc brinda el major efecte antihipertensiu, mentre que la de polit exerceix major efecte com a antioxidant. Finalment, la relació aminoàcids essencials/ no essencials va augmentar en condicions alterades al final de la digestió, en comparació amb les condicions estàndard d'adult sa. Pel que, fins i tot amb una digestibilitat de proteïnes afectada, els digerits tindran efecte contra la sarcopènia. / [EN] Population aging is a phenomenon unparalleled in human history. It is expected that people over 65 years, or the elderly, will double the child population for the first time by 2050. Turning 65 implies a series of physiological changes that include, among others, a loss of functionality of the organs involved in the digestive process. In this sense, the study of the digestibility of nutrients, mainly proteins, and the bioaccessibility of certain vitamins and minerals of interest for the health of the senior population, are of special interest. Only on the basis of scientific evidence will it be useful to establish nutritional recommendations at the clinical level, and to design functional foods oriented to the specific needs of this population group. Among the nutrients most affected by the common digestive disorders of the elderly, proteins represent the most important challenge. It is known that oral, gastric and intestinal disorders affect their digestion and absorption, contributing to the decline of general health status, resulting in a loss of muscle mass, increase and change of lipid mass distribution, weaker bones and joints, some metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, among other psychological and social changes. The main objective of this doctoral thesis has been to assess the impact of the different alterations appearing with age at oral, gastric and intestinal level on the digestibility of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, as well as on the bioaccessibility of micronutrients of interest, in protein-rich foods whose consumption is recommended for people over 65 years of age, and which differ from each other in the origin of this macronutrient (fish, dairy products, eggs, meat, legumes and cereals). To achieve this objective, in vitro static digestion models were used to simulate, under controlled laboratory conditions, the digestive process of different population groups and to sample in a non-invasive way. The most relevant results of this doctoral thesis are presented in five chapters, addressing in each food group, the digestive response derived both from physiological alterations in the senior population, as well as from certain factors inherent to the food. Regarding the digestive alterations associated with age, it is possible to affirm that pancreatic and biliary insufficiencies were the main responsible for the significant reduction in the proteolysis extent in almost all the studied foods. The results indicate a higher protein digestibility in lean fish, hard-boiled and poached eggs, cheeses, chicken and beef meats, as well as legumes in general. Fat digestibility, on the other hand, was not compromised. Moreover, cheeses, sardines, as well as some legume and cereal grains would contribute to a greater supply of bioaccessible calcium than other food matrices. For fat-soluble vitamins, the intake of salmon and cheeses resulted as excellent sources of both vitamin A and D3 in their bioabsorbable form, while the bioaccessibility of both vitamins in eggs depended on the cooking method. In addition, pork provided the greatest antihypertensive effect, while turkey meat exerted the greatest effect as antioxidant. Finally, the essential/non-essential amino acid ratio increased under altered conditions at the end of digestion, compared to standard healthy adult conditions. Thus, even with impaired protein digestibility, digests will have an effect against sarcopenia. / Hernández Olivas, E. (2021). Age-related digestive alterations and their impact on nutrients digestibility [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/175472 / TESIS / Compendio
137

Adição de complexo vitamínico na dieta hídrica de frangos e seus efeitos no estresse pré-abate e qualidade de carne / Addition of a vitamin complex in a drinking water for poultry and the effects in the stress before slaughter and in meat quality

Pereira, Luciana Nogueirol Vieira 26 September 2007 (has links)
O presente trabalho de pesquisa foi conduzido em uma granja de integração da empresa Cooperfrango e Frigorífico Cooperfrango, situados em Descalvado / SP, e no Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Carnes do Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos-ITAL, Campinas / SP. A fase experimental foi realizada no período de 25 de fevereiro a 03 de março de 2005, e as avaliações de qualidade de carcaça e carne se estenderam até o mês de maio de 2005. O escopo dessa investigação foi avaliar o efeito de um suplemento vitamínico (contendo vitamina D3 combinada com polifenóis) na dieta hídrica de frangos, nas características de qualidade da carcaça (hematomas, escoriações e fraturas) e carne (cor, textura, pH, perda por cocção e capacidade de retenção de água). Foi utilizado um total de 13.000 frangos do mesmo sexo, idade, linhagem genética, submetidos às mesmas condições de manejo. As aves foram divididas em dois grupos, um grupo controle (em que não se utilizou vitamina na água de beber) e outro grupo teste, no qual foi utilizado 128,2 UI de vitamina D3 combinada com 0,5 ppm de polifenóis (hidroxicinamatos e hidroxibenzoatos) durante os 7 dias que antecederam o abate. As aves foram transportadas e abatidas em condições comerciais. Para verificar a incidência de fraturas, contusões, hematomas e lesões de pele, foram amostradas 300 carcaças, avaliadas conforme metodologia proposta pelo departamento de agricultura americano (USDA). As características de qualidade da carne avaliadas no músculo pectoralis major em 65 amostras /grupo constituíram o pH, temperatura, cor, capacidade de retenção de água, textura e perda por cocção. Não houve diferenças significativas em relação ao pH, capacidade de retenção de água, textura e cor. Houve maior perda na cocção no grupo teste. No entanto, os resultados de classificação de carcaça foram favoráveis ao grupo teste, pois este apresentou mais amostras com classificação A (77,66% contra 62,18% do grupo controle), demonstrando que os animais tratados com vitamina D3 e polifenóis apresentaram menos hematomas e fraturas, causadas por estresse antes do abate. / The present work was lead in commercial poultry integration from Cooperfrango and their slaughterhouse, located in Descalvado- São Paulo State - Brazil. The analysis was conduced in the Center of Research and Development of Meats of the Institute of Food Technology in Campinas - São Paulo - Brazil. The experimental phase was carried through the period between February 25th and March 3rd in 2005. Evaluations of carcass quality and meat quality had extended until May of 2005. The target of this inquiry was to evaluate the effect of a vitamin complex supplementation (D3 vitamin combined with polyphenols) added in a drinking water for poultry, in the characteristics of carcass quality (skin excoriations, hematomas and fractures) and meat quality (color, texture, pH, cooking loss and capacity of water retention). It was used 13,000 chickens of the same sex, age, genetic ancestry and submitted to the same conditions of handling. The birds had been divided in two groups, a control group (where vitamin in the water was not used to drink) and another tested group which was used 128,2 UI of D3 vitamin combined with 0,5 ppm of polyphenols (hydroxicinamates and hydroxibenzoates) during the 7 days before slaughter. The birds were carried, transported and killed using commercial conditions. To verify and evaluate the incidence of fractures, bruises, hematomas and skin injuries, 300 carcasses were collected following the methodology proposal for the American Department of Agriculture (USDA). The characteristics of meat quality were evaluated in the muscle pectoralis major using 65 samples per group and the measures was pH, temperature, color, capacity of water retention, texture and loss for firing. There were no significant differences in pH, capacity of water retention, texture and color. The tested group had greater cooking loss. However, the results of carcass quality were worst in control group. The tested group presented more samples with classification A (77.66% against 62.18% of the control group), demonstrating that the animals supplemented with D3 vitamin and polyphenols had less hematomas and fractures caused for stress before slaughter.
138

ERalpha isoforms modulate the tumorigenicity of 24R,25(OH)2D3 in estrogen-responsive cancer

Verma, Anjali 01 January 2019 (has links)
Over 200,000 cases of breast cancer are diagnosed every year. Nearly 20% of these patients supplement their diets with some form of vitamin D. This high frequency of vitamin D supplement use may be due in part to research suggesting that cancer patients with higher serum vitamin D3 levels have better prognoses than patients with low serum vitamin D3. However, double-blind clinical trials on the efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation in breast cancer have been inconclusive. A recent meta-analysis showed evidence of reduced cancer recurrence in patients taking vitamin D3 supplements who had ‘estrogen receptor positive’ (ERα66+) breast cancer, but not those who had estrogen receptor negative’ (ERα66-) breast cancer. Once ingested, vitamin D3 is metabolized in the liver into the circulating pre-hormone 25(OH)D3, which is then further metabolized into 1a,25(OH)2D3 and 24R,25(OH)2D3. 24R,25(OH)2D3 has been shown to activate a number of membrane signaling pathways, some of which overlap with 17b-estradiol (E2) signaling through ERα36, a membrane isoform of ERα66. The central hypothesis of this thesis was that 24R,25(OH)2D3 is tumorigenic in certain cancers and that this tumorigenicity is mediated in part by ERa isoforms. E2 signaling through ERa36 has been described in the ERa66-, ERa36+ breast cancer cell line HCC381. Specific aim 1 determined whether E2 signaling through ERa36 was tumorigenic other cancers with different ERa profiles. Specific aim 2 determined how 24R,25(OH)2D3 affected tumorigenicity in breast cancer using the common breast cancer cell line MCF7 (ERa66+, ERa36+) as a model. Specific aim 3 investigated the role of ERa isoforms in 24R,25(OH)2D3 signaling in breast cancer cell lines by comparing the tumorigenic effects of 24R,25(OH)2D3 in MCF7 cells (ERa66+, ERa36+) and HCC38 cells (ERa66-, ERa36+). To determine whether ERa66 regulates the effects of 24R,25(OH)2D3, ERa66 was expressed in two ERα66- cell lines. The effect of 24R,25(OH)2D3 on apoptosis was assessed in wild-type and ERa-expressing cell lines.
139

Distribución del ingreso en América Latina: caracterización de las diferencias entre países

Haimovich, Francisco January 2008 (has links) (PDF)
Este trabajo explora las diferencias entre las distribuciones del ingreso de las áreas urbanas de América Latina a través de ejercicios de microsimulaciones. Los principales insumos de estos ejercicios lo constituyen los microdatos de las encuestas de hogares de 16 países de la región. Los resultados indican que las diferencias entre países en los retornos a la educación formal y a factores inobservables en términos de salarios horarios dan cuenta de gran parte de las diferencias en pobreza y desigualdad entre las economías de la región. Las diferencias en términos de estructura sectorial del empleo, horas trabajadas, empleo, fecundidad, estructura de edades, diferencias salariales por género y edad, y aun de estructura educativa parecen tener, en promedio, un papel algo menor.
140

Préparation d'haptènes de la vitamine D et obtention d'anticorps monoclonaux anti 25 hydroxyvitamine D pour la mise au point d'un immunodosage simultané des deux 25 hydroxyvitamines D2 et D3

Penlou, Sébastien 24 February 2004 (has links) (PDF)
Dans le but d'accéder à un radioimmunodosage simultané des 25-hydroxyvitamines D2 et D3, qui sont un bon indicateur de la quantité de vitamine D disponible dans l'organisme, 5 haptènes de la vitamine D de chaînons variables à fonction acide carboxylique terminale ont été préparés par hémisynthèse à partir de la chaîne latérale de la vitamine D2. Ces 5 haptènes ont été couplés à la sérum albumine bovine pour immuniser des souris, des rats et des lapins ou bien à l'histamine pour donner des traceurs radioactifs, marqués par l'iode (125I). Les animaux ont bien répondu en sécrétant des anticorps dirigés contre les deux 25-hydroxyvitamines D2 et D3 avec des reconnaissances presque identiques. Les cellules spléniques de 3 de ces rats ont pu être fusionnées avec un myélome de souris afin de les immortaliser. Deux hybridomes sécréteurs d'anticorps monoclonaux qui reconnaissent les deux vitamines similairement et ne croisent pas avec l'hormone 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamine D ont pu être sélectionnés.

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