Background Out of all chromosomal disorders, Down syndrome is the most common. Being a parent to a child with this contition comes with unique challenges and can be a life-changing experience, as the child will require special attention and interdisciplinary care throughout the life span. Limited research has been done regarding parents experiences of daily life with a child having Down syndrome, and this study is an attempt to contribute to the understanding of this phenomenon in general, and in Costa Rica in particular. Aim The aim of the study was to describe parent's experiences of daily life with a child having Down syndrome in Costa Rica. Method A qualitative interview study with a semi-structure was used as approach together with qualitative content analysis. An inductive approach was used for the analysis. Six parents in San José were interviewed for the study. Result Parents' experiences of daily life with a child having Down syndrome in Costa Rica was associated with various aspects, some in general and some more specific. The general were positive and negative experiences, whereas the others were more focused on specific areas regarding the daily life and Costa Rica as a country. Conclusion Parents in Costa Rica tend to have similar positive and negative experiences when comparing to other studies of this phenomenon. The findings suggest that Costa Rica is a country with deficiencies when it comes to the social, legal and educational system.

Glaukom eller grön starr är en kronisk och åldersrelaterad sjukdom som drabbar flera miljoner människor och är en av de vanligaste orsakerna till blindhet i världen. Syftet med pilotstudien var att beskriva patienters upplevelser om hur sjukdomen glaukom påverkar det dagliga livet. Pilotstudien hade en kvalitativ deskriptiv design och genomfördes som en intervjustudie som analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatet presenteras i tre kategorier: Maktlöshet, Trygghet och Självständighet. Patienterna upplever maktlöshet i det dagliga livet på grund av den oro det innebär att ha glaukom, samt begränsningen det innebär med en synnedsättning. Med stöd av närstående och att tänka positivt kan patienterna uppleva trygghet och känna en positiv framtidstro. Genom anpassning och erfarenhet kan de bli oberoende och självständiga. Resultatet i pilotstudien kan vara ett stöd för ögonsjuksköterskor att förstå de dagliga svårigheter patienter med glaukom ställs inför. Ögonsjuksköterskor kan stärka patienterna genom att stödja dem till att hitta strategier som kan underlätta deras dagliga liv. Ytterligare forskning om patienter med glaukom behövs för att fördjupa förståelsen om deras situation och hur ögonsjuksköterskor kan stödja patienterna för att underlätta deras dagliga liv. Det finns ett stort behov av att utbilda fler ögonsjuksköterskor eftersom befolkningen blir äldre och därmed beräknas patienter med glaukom att öka. / Glaucoma is a chronic age related disease that affects several million people and is one of the most common causes of blindness in the world. The aim of the pilot study was to describe patients' experiences of how glaucoma affects daily life. The pilot study had a qualitative descriptive design and was conducted as an interview study that were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The results are presented in three categories: Powerlessness, Security and Independence. Patients experience powerlessness in daily life because of the anxiety of having glaucoma and the limitation that comes with a visual impairment. With support of family and thinking positively, they may experience security and a positive future. Through adaptation and experience they may become independent. The results may support ophthalmic nurses in understanding patients with glaucoma difficulties in daily life and strengthen them finding strategies that may by support ease daily life. Further research is needed to get a deeper understanding of how patients with glaucoma perceive their visual impairment. There is a great need to educate more ophthalmic nurses as the population ages and therefor the population with glaucoma is estimated to increase.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:27:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 570100 bytes, checksum: b66e6798633f8d45e615b033e2c29557 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-06 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / It is research in which we analyze the interaction and change of daily life in the city of Sand at the completion of the Festival of Arts in council in the 70s. To make this analysis based on social relations in the small town, with its codes and symbols, and uses the theoretical and social Norbert Elias and Michel de Certeau to understand the webs in the chain of events, which includes a Festival of Arts, though a short period of time, elements hitherto alien to the residents living in Sand. We refer also to the "Age of Festivals" and the troubled military regime in Brazil to understand the historical context in which the Festival happen and fight for the youth of the time free speech. We analyze reports of artists and residents of the city, together with based on social theories, to identify the interference of the individual in relation Festivals / Areia. We are of daily life in the city during our research that the council has already considered, in the nineteenth century, important cultural itinerary traders who came to the States of Pernambuco and Rio Grande do Norte and the festivals held in the 1970s to nurture cultural openness and some improvement of knowledge to others, involving the local population, been losing strength in the 1980s revival and with other characteristics in mid 90s, giving rise to the festivals of brega music that characterizes the city today. / Trata-se de pesquisa em que analisamos a interação e mudança de cotidiano da cidade de Areia por ocasião da realização dos Festivais de Arte naquele município na década de 70. Para fazer esta análise tomamos como base as relações sociais na pequena cidade, com seus códigos e símbolos, e recorremos a teóricos sociais como Norbert Elias e Michel de Certeau para compreender as teias dessa cadeia de acontecimentos, onde um Festival de Artes incorpora, ainda que por pequeno período de tempo, elementos até então estranhos à convivência dos moradores de Areia. Nos reportamos também à "Era dos Festivais" e ao conturbado regime militar no Brasil para entender o contexto histórico em que aconteciam os Festivais e a luta da juventude da época por liberdade de expressão.Analisamos relatos de artistas e também de moradores da cidade para, com base em teorias sociais, identificar a interferência dos Festivais na relação indivíduo/cotidiano na cidade de Areia.Constatamos durante nossa pesquisa que o município já foi considerado, no século XIX, importante roteiro cultural para comerciantes que vinham dos Estados de Pernambuco e Rio Grande do Norte e que os Festivais realizados na década de 1970 oportunizaram abertura cultural para uns e aprimoramento de conhecimentos para outros, envolvendo a população local, vindo a perder força na década de 1980 e ressurgindo com outras características em meados anos 90, dando lugar aos festivais de música brega que caracterizam a cidade hoje.

A presente dissertação tem como objetivo apresentar um levantamento do quantitativo de violência ocorrido no decorrer de quatro anos na cidade de Manaus, sendo de dois anos antes e de dois anos após a criação da Lei Maria Penha, como também pontuar o espaço geográfico com maior concentração de mulheres vítimas dessas violências. Reconhecemos que violência é um problema que sempre esteve presente nos espaços sociais, e que ao longo do tempo vem deixando suas marcas nas vidas dos indivíduos, ela invade o cotidiano das pessoas de diversas formas e independente da classe ou do meio social, constitui-se como um dos fenômenos psicossociais de singular relevância. Muitos estudiosos de diversas áreas aos longos dos séculos vêem colocando em pauta este assunto no sentido de tentar entender e assim bloquear seu avanço na sociedade, porém percebemos que mesmo diante de tantos de esforços não estamos conseguindo encontrar soluções satisfatórias, ora porque não compreendemos o fenômeno em si ora porque as políticas públicas de prevenção a violência são deixadas de lado. O que se nota principalmente nos grandes centros urbanos é o crescimento dos casos e das variedades de agressões, diariamente nas grandes mídias (escrita e televisa) são veiculados noticias envolvendo o tema da violência, portanto, com todas essas nuances ela tem sido um problema que cresce em grande escala e, Manaus como cidade em potencial de crescimento está no rol das metrópoles que convive com este problema, que também é presente no espaço familiar, na qual a mulher é alvo, por este motivo esta pesquisa priorizou o estudo deste fenômeno nos espaços urbanos de Manaus. Visando atender aos objetivos propostos, os dados da pesquisa foram coletados diretamente junto aos serviços de atenção aos direitos da mulher, neste caso a DECCM e o SAPEM. Os dados foram analisados e alocados num banco de dados que serviram para construir gráficos e mapas, este segundo com ajuda do programa Philcarto. A partir dos dados coletados foi possível construir um perfil das vítimas e dos agressores, como também diagnosticar qual o bairro e a zona de maior procedência das mulheres vítimas de violência. Os resultados deste estudo apontam que não houve um aumento significativo de denuncias de casos de violência com a implantação da Lei Maria da Penha, mas foi possível verificar que ocorreu uma grande variação nos tipos de violências denunciadas, e também que a zona que concentra maiores números de mulheres vítimas de violência é a Zona Norte. / This dissertation has as objective show a survey the amount of violence occurring in the course of four years in Manaus, being two years before and two years after the creation of the Law Maria Penha, like also punctuate on geographical space the victims of these violence. We recognize which violence is a problem that was always present in the social spaces, and what along the time is leaving his marks in the lives of the individuals, the violence invades the daily life of the persons in several forms and independently of the social class, sets itself as a psychosocial phenomena of singular relevance. Many scholars from several areas along the centuries has observing putting in list this subject in the sense of trying to understand and block his advancement in the society, however we realize that even before so many of efforts we are not managing to find satisfactory solutions, it prays because we do not understand the phenomenon in you now because the public politics of prevention the violence is set aside. What is noticed principally in the great urbane centres is the growth of the cases and of the variety of aggressions, daily in the great mediae (written and it televises) news is conveyed wrapping the subject of the violence, so, with all these nuances it has been a problem that grows in great scale and, Manaus as city in potential of growth is in the roll of the metropolises that coexists with this problem, which also is present in the familiar space, in which the woman is white, for this motive this inquiry priorizou the study of this phenomenon in the urbane spaces of Manaus. Aiming to pay attention to the proposed objectives, the data of the inquiry were collected straightly near the services of attention to the rights of the woman, in this case the DECCM and it SAP. The data were analysed and allocated in a database that they served to build printers and maps, this second with help of the program Philcarto. From the collected data it was possible to build a profile of the victims and of the aggressors, I eat also victims of violence diagnose which the district and the zone of bigger origin of the women. The results of this study point that there was no a significant increase of denunciations of cases of violence with the introduction of the Law Maria da Penha, but it was possible to check what took place a great variation in the types of violence.

Background: About 2 percent of people in the world suffers from Fibromyalgia, out of them about 80 percent are women. Common symptoms are pain over a long period of time. Why this illness occurs is still unknown. Other characteristic features of this illness is fatigue, soreness and cognitive problems, such as forgetfulness.   Aim: The aim of this literature review was to describe the experience of living with fibromyalgia and to describe the method of data collection in the included articles. Method: Literature review with descriptive design. 13 qualitative articles were included. The articles were acquired through searches in the databases Cinahl and Medline by PubMed.   Main Results: People with fibromyalgia experienced that the pain and fatigue, that their illness caused, changed just about everything in their daily life. Most of them experienced that their psychological well being and social life were affected negatively by the illness. To not be believed or received well by people they met or by healthcare professionals was described as a big problem that happened far too often. This literature review also describe the method of data collection used in the included articles. Eleven out of thirteen articles used interviews as the method for data collection. One article used a questionnaire, and one article used focus group discussion. Conclusions: Descriptions of experiences of living with fibromyalgia has shown that it affects these persons on many levels of their life, both physically, psychologically and socially. The pain and fettique hinders them in their day to day life.  They experience that they are not believed or taken seriously in their daily life, nor in the encounters with healthcare professionals. / Bakgrund: I världen lider cirka 2 procent av befolkningen av fibromyalgi och 80 procent av dessa är kvinnor. De vanligaste symtomen är långvarig smärta med fortfarande okänd orsak till varför sjukdomen uppkommer. Sjukdomen karaktäriseras av onaturlig trötthet, ömhet och kognitiva besvär som att till exempel glömska. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva upplevelsen av att leva med fibromyalgi, samt att beskriva de inkluderade artiklarnas datainsamlingsmetod. Metod: En litteraturstudie med deskriptiv design. Tretton kvalitativa artiklar inkluderades, dessa söktes genom databaserna Cinahl och Medline via PubMed. Huvudresultat: Många av personerna med fibromyalgi upplevde att smärtan och orkeslösheten från deras sjukdom förändrade i stort sett allt i deras vardagliga liv. De flesta upplevde att deras psykiska mående samt sociala liv påverkats negativt av sjukdomen. Att inte bli betrodd eller mottagen på ett bra sätt av människor de mötte samt sjukvårdspersonal beskrev personerna i flera av studierna som ett stort problem och allt för vanligt förekommande. Föreliggande litteraturstudie beskrev även vilken datainsamlingsmetod som användes. I elva av de tretton artiklarna användes intervju som datainsamlingsmetod. Av de resterande två använde sig en av ett formulär och den andra fokusgrupp diskussion. Slutsats: Beskrivningar av upplevelser att leva med fibromyalgi, har visat att den påverkar personerna på många plan i livet, både fysiskt, psykiskt och socialt. Smärtan och tröttheten hindrar dem i det dagliga livet och de upplever att de inte blir betrodda eller tagna på allvar både i vardagen, men även i mötet med hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal.

No description available.

Bakgrund: Stroke är ett samlingsnamn på de symtom som uppstår när hjärnans nervvävnad skadas på grund av hämmad syretillförsel. Stroke kan påverka vilken funktion som helst i hjärnan, vilket leder till fysiska och kognitiva funktionsnedsättningar. En av de vanligaste konsekvenserna efter stroke är fatigue. Syfte: Att undersöka hur fatigue som konsekvens av stroke påverkar individens dagliga liv. Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie där tio stycken vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ ansats använts och kvalitetsgranskats utifrån SBU´s granskningsmall för kvalitativa studier. Resultat: Att leva med post stroke fatigue innebär en förändring i det dagliga livet. Individerna tvingas avstå helt eller göra större förändringar i aktiviteter som tillhör vardagen. Att vara beroende av andras hjälp och att inte kunna möta de krav som ställs på individerna medför både skuldkänslor och försämrat självförtroende. Slutsats: Det finns starkt vetenskapligt stöd för att post stroke fatigue har inverkan på arbetsliv, det sociala livet, aktiviteter och synen på identitet och självbild.Nyckelord: Dagligt liv, Fatigue, Stroke / Background: Stroke is a disease that affects the arteries leading to and within the brain and occurs when the tissue of the brain doesn´t get oxygen enough. Stroke can have an impact on any of the functions of the brain, leading to both physical and cognitive deficits. One of the most frequent consequences after stroke is fatigue. Aim: To explore how fatigue as a post stroke condition impacts on the daily life of the individual. Method: A systematic literature review where ten qualitative scientific articles have been examined and reviewed according to the template for qualitative research by SBU. Results: Living with post stroke fatigue means making several changes in activities of daily living or completely having to give up on the activity. To be dependent on others causes a negative effect on self-confidence and feelings of guilt. Conclusion: Strong evidence supports that fatigue has impact on daily life in terms of occupational performance, activities of daily living, social life and self-confidence. Keywords: Daily life, Fatigue, Stroke

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:02:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pretextuais - katiuscia.pdf: 309391 bytes, checksum: cd0977489cad0b916ac6491ab33c71b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Taking into consideration the lack of specific studies in the area of scholastic Physical Education and the inclusion of students with special educational needs at regular schools, the research aims at analyzing the process of inclusion of students with special educational needs in different space-time of the school, emphasizing Physical Education. It was chosen a research in the historical-cultural perspective, with a qualitative approach, characterized with a study case with ethnographical inspiration. There were observations, totalizing 112 hours, in a sixth grade group of a municipal elementary school in the district of Vitória, state of Espírito Santo. The empirical data permitted to analyze two distinct cases: a) a boy with low sight who had some access to knowledge (scientific, art, among others) through school and the school experience enabled him to pass through barriers; b) a boy with Down syndrome who occupied his time with school activities only, and his academic success was endangered by the lack of pedagogical proposals / Considerando a escassez de estudos específicos na área de Educação Física escolar e a inclusão de alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais na escola regular, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar e analisar o processo de inclusão de alunos com NEEs nos diferentes espaços-tempos da escola, com ênfase na Educação Física. Optou-se por uma pesquisa na perspectiva histórico-cultural, com abordagem qualitativa, caracterizada como estudo de caso com inspiração etnográfica. Foram realizadas observações, num total de 112 horas, em uma turma de 6º ano de uma escola de ensino fundamental municipal em Vitória-ES. Os dados empíricos permitiram analisar dois casos distintos: a) o de um garoto com baixa visão, que tinha acesso ao conhecimento (científico, arte, entre outros) por meio da escola e a experiência escolar possibilitava-lhe transpor barreiras; b) o de um garoto com síndrome de Down, que tinha seu tempo apenas ocupado pela escola, e seu sucesso acadêmico era comprometido pela falta de propostas pedagógicas

Background: Fibromyalgia is a chronic disease that is difficult to treat and diagnose. The illness is of unknown etiology. The majority of the ill is women. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe women ́s experiences of living with long term pain associated with fibromyalgia. Method: A literature -based study was performed. The database Cinahl was used in the search process. This study includes 11 qualitative articles that have been analysed by a review template. The analysis resulted in two categories "experiences of a changed me" and "experiences of social life" with six subcategories. Results: The consequences of fibromyalgia were that the family life, spare time, social life and working life changed in different ways. The articles also showed that women with fibromyalgia did not receive the understanding they needed from their families or the environment. Conclusion: Women with fibromyalgia feel that they do not get understanding from the outside world. It is important that health care professionals understand and acknowledge these individuals' subjective experiences so that they can give professional care and support.

Bakgrund: Hjärtinfarkt är den vanligaste dödsorsaken i Sverige och orsakas oftast av en blodpropp som bildas från en plackruptur i något av hjärtats kranskärl. Risken att drabbas av en hjärtinfarkt ökar med åldern, även faktorer som diabetes, ärftliga anlag, stress, rökning, högt blodtryck och övervikt är riskfaktorer för att drabbas av sjukdomen. Män drabbas oftare av sjukdomen än kvinnor och kvinnors symptom vid insjuknandet kan ibland vara diffusa och det kan vara svårt ställa en diagnos. För att sjuksköterskan skall kunna tillgodose grundläggande behov hos personer med hjärtsjukdom så krävs god kompetens. Målet är att främja hälsa och välbefinnande hos patienten samt att förebygga ohälsa och lindra lidande.       Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva kvinnors erfarenheter av vardagen efter en hjärtinfarkt. Vidare var syftet att beskriva de inkluderade artiklarnas datainsamlingsmetod.  Metod: En deskriptiv litteraturstudie bestående av tio vetenskapliga artiklar. Huvudresultat: Resultatet speglar hur kvinnorna på ett fysiskt och känslomässigt sätt påverkas efter insjuknandet. Rädslan som finns hos dem att de skall drabbas av en ny hjärtinfarkt samt behovet av att utföra livsstilsförändringar. Betydelsen av stöd och hjälp från närstående samt hur arbetet påverkas efter insjuknandet. Vikten av beröring och intima relationer och dess betydande del i återhämtningen för kvinnorna.  Slutsats: Efter genomgången hjärtinfarkt har närstående en viktig betydande roll för återhämtningsprocessen. För att bibehålla en god egenvård är det viktigt att kvinnorna får hjälp från kompetent sjukvårdspersonal. Som sjuksköterska är det viktigt att besitta kunskap kring kvinnornas erfarenheter samt om sjukdomen / Background: Myocardial infarction is the most common cause of death in Sweden and is usually caused by a blood clot that formed from a plaque rupture in one of the coronary arteries. The risk of suffering a heart attack increases with age, but also factors such as diabetes, hereditary predisposition, stress, smoking, high blood pressure and obesity are risk factors for developing the disease. Men are affected more often by heart diseases than women, and women's symptoms at onset can sometimes be diffuse to make a diagnosis. The nurse need to be able to meet the basic needs of people with heart disease that requires good skills. The goal is to promote health and well-being of the patient and to prevent illness and relieve suffering. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe how women experiences the everyday life after a heart attack. Furthermore, the aim was to describe the articles included data collection method. Method: A descriptive literature of ten scientific articles. Main Results: The results reflect how the women on a physical and emotional way are affected by the myocardial infarction. They feel a fear that they will suffer a heart attack again and they need to do some lifestyle changes. The support and help from the family, is important for them such as touch and intimate relationships and its significant part in the recovery of women. Conclusion: After myocardial infarction have been related to a major significant role in the recovery process. To maintain a good self-care, it is important that women receive help from skilled health professionals. As a nurse, it is important to have knowledge about women's experiences and about the disease