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Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:33:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cleverson Alexsander Reolon Parte 1.pdf: 1406939 bytes, checksum: d2691ff12c434a2eedfdafe676d6dbd4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03-07 / O objetivo desta dissertação é analisar a relação entre o processo de metropolização e a criação de unidades regionais no Brasil. Os elementos que motivaram a pesquisa foram os resultados do estudo Caracterização e Tendências da Rede Urbana do Brasil, que determinou a existência e a espacialidade de uma aglomeração urbana composta, basicamente, por Cascavel, Toledo e Santa Tereza do Oeste, na Mesorregião Oeste Paranaense, e a apresentação, à Assembléia Legislativa do Paraná, dos projetos de lei complementar n. 110 de 2003 e 235 de 2003, que visavam a instituição de unidades regionais polarizadas, respectivamente, por Cascavel e Toledo, duas cidades médias contíguas. Em virtude da generalização de Caracterização e Tendências da Rede Urbana do Brasil, decidiu-se aprofundar tal pesquisa, utilizando-se novos elementos para caracterizar a existência e mapear a espacialidade de aglomerações urbanas, como dados e informações referentes ao transporte coletivo intermunicipal e dados do Censo Demográfico de 2000, mensurando-se os movimentos pendulares exercidos pela população. Dessa forma, apontou-se a existência de pelo menos uma aglomeração urbana na Mesorregião Oeste Paranaense, a aglomeração urbana da soja, composta por dois núcleos, ou seja, bipolarizada por Cascavel e Toledo, agregando, ainda, em se tratando dos distritos, Corbélia, Ouro Verde do Oeste, Santa Tereza do Oeste e Sede Alvorada, com áreas de expansão configuradas por Cafelândia, Ibema, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Quatro Pontes, Rio do Salto, São José das Palmeiras, São Pedro do Iguaçu e Vera Cruz do Oeste. Tendo em vista as características da reestruturação socioespacial no Brasil, pode-se dizer que as problemáticas metropolitanas da aglomeração urbana da soja tendem a se aprofundar, ampliando-se, assim, os níveis de complementaridade entre os distritos que a compõem e, em corolário, a complexidade da rede urbana regional. Portanto, existe um processo de metropolização entre Cascavel, Toledo e cidades adjacentes. Como resultado, pode-se assegurar que o processo de metropolização se encontra bastante afastado da arena parlamentar. Paralelamente, também se pode afirmar que a institucionalização de unidades regionais está repleta de interesses corporativos e político-partidários.

In recent decades, numerous prominent scholars have highlighted the fact that small and medium sized firms in general, and new technology-based firms in particular, represent an important source of innovation and economic growth. The success of new technology-based firms is further argued to be closely linked to innovation capacity and performance, which in turn depends on the context in which the company is located. This study investigates how contextual factors affect the performance of new technology-based firms in Sweden. This was done through a multiple case study, where a data set of 48 new technology-based firms were analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The quantitative analysis outlined correlations between the firms’ context and their respective change in market value over time. The qualitative analysis examined these correlations in more detail by evaluating how firms were affected by specific contextual factors. This analysis was based on semi-structured interviews conducted with a sample of 11 firms from the data set. The result indicates that firms located in metropolitan cities and university cities, on average, have a higher proportion of high-performing firms compared to firms from other cities. Stockholm further stands out with the highest proportion of firms among the top performing firms and the lowest proportion of firms among the bottom performing firms. The result further highlights three main contextual factors that were consistently emphasised by interviewees as being particularly important for their firm performance; these factors were local access to 1) skilled and specialisedworkforce followed by 2) risk capital and finally 3) customer proximity. / Under de senaste decennierna har många framstående forskare konstaterat att små och medelstoraföretag i allmänhet, och nya teknikbaserade företag i synnerhet, utgör en viktig källa till innovation och ekonomisk tillväxt. Nya teknikbaserade företags framgång anses vidare vara nära sammankopplat med deras innovationskapacitet och prestation, som i sin tur har visat sig bero på den kontext som företaget befinner sig i. Denna studie undersöker hur kontextuella faktorer påverkar företagsprestationen för nya teknologibaserade företag i Sverige. Detta gjordes genom en flerfallstudie, där en datamängd på 48 nya teknikbaserade företag analyserades både kvantitativt och kvalitativt. Den kvantitativa analysen undersökte samband mellan vilken kontext företagen befunnit sig i och hur deras respektive marknadsvärde förändrats över tid. Den kvalitativa analysen utforskade sedan dessa samband mer ingående genom att utvärdera hur företagen påverkats avspecifika kontextuella faktorer. Denna analys grundades på semi-strukturerade intervjuer med elva företag från datamängden. Resultatet indikerar att företag belägna i storstäder och universitetsstäder i genomsnitt har en högre andel högpresterande företag jämfört med företag från andra stadstyper. Stockholm utmärker sig vidare med den högsta andelen företag bland de bäst presterande företagen i datasetet, och den lägsta andelen företag bland de sämst presterande företagen. Resultatet belyser vidare tre huvudsakliga kontextuella faktorer som konsekvent betonades vara bland de viktigaste för företagets prestation; dessa faktorer motsvarade lokaltillgång till 1) skicklig och specialiserad arbetskraft följt av 2) riskkapital och slutligen 3) kundnärhet.

This study evaluated the role of waterfront development in urban regeneration, as waterfronts are used as the element that re-establishes the physical links between parts of the city. Consequently, waterfront development is an essential open resource where visitors can carry out diverse social and cultural activities on a daily basis. Furthermore, CBDs benefit from lively waterfronts, which become popular tourist attractions. There is a dire need for urban regeneration. The study focuses on the evolution of waterfront development through the urban morphology modelsto identify the starting point of central places and the factors that may have an effect on the growth of a city. Just as urban regeneration forms part of the evolution of cities and waterfronts, and as the cities and waterfronts developed so did the term urban regeneration evolve to its present form. Thus, one has to understand what components have an influence on the term urban regeneration and what the benefits are. Thereafter, the different aspects of urban development and urban regeneration are incorporated into waterfront development to understand the role of waterfront development in urban regeneration. As waterfront development took place, the first port was developed to ensure transportation of goods from one place to the next. Subsequently, the role of the waterfront became economically driven. As time passed and the old harbour fronts fell into disuse, a new role for the waterfront was needed, and the new role came with waterfront regeneration. Historically, waterfront regeneration was only seen as imperative when a waterfront area is critical for the growth of the city. Notably, when there is no use for the area and the city is in the decline period, waterfront regeneration will be a priority. Consequently, the empirical study focused on exploring this role of waterfront development by means of two international case studies (Baltimore Inner Harbour, Toronto Harbour Front) and two national case studies (V& A Waterfront, Mossel Bay CBD and Port Precinct Plan). A qualitative approach was selected because it focuses on collecting and analysing information in as many forms as possible. Furthermore, a qualitative approach aims to achieve an in-depth understanding of the matter, which is important to allocate the role of waterfront development in urban regeneration. As the study focuses on understanding the role of waterfront development as part of urban regeneration within cities, it explores the methodological framework of case studies. The case study approach involves one or more circumstances within a bounded system. As some of the case studies can be irrelevant to a study, the qualitative approach was appropriate for this study, because it focuses on eliminating unwanted case studies. This is importantto ensure that case studies do not influence the result. To ensure that the relevant information is selected, the multiple case study design was used. The study concludes that waterfront development has three primary roles in urban regeneration and that these roles have evolved over time. In conclusion, the role of waterfront development is not only economically motivated, but also environmentally and socially significant. / MSc (Urban and Regional Planning), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

This study evaluated the role of waterfront development in urban regeneration, as waterfronts are used as the element that re-establishes the physical links between parts of the city. Consequently, waterfront development is an essential open resource where visitors can carry out diverse social and cultural activities on a daily basis. Furthermore, CBDs benefit from lively waterfronts, which become popular tourist attractions. There is a dire need for urban regeneration. The study focuses on the evolution of waterfront development through the urban morphology modelsto identify the starting point of central places and the factors that may have an effect on the growth of a city. Just as urban regeneration forms part of the evolution of cities and waterfronts, and as the cities and waterfronts developed so did the term urban regeneration evolve to its present form. Thus, one has to understand what components have an influence on the term urban regeneration and what the benefits are. Thereafter, the different aspects of urban development and urban regeneration are incorporated into waterfront development to understand the role of waterfront development in urban regeneration. As waterfront development took place, the first port was developed to ensure transportation of goods from one place to the next. Subsequently, the role of the waterfront became economically driven. As time passed and the old harbour fronts fell into disuse, a new role for the waterfront was needed, and the new role came with waterfront regeneration. Historically, waterfront regeneration was only seen as imperative when a waterfront area is critical for the growth of the city. Notably, when there is no use for the area and the city is in the decline period, waterfront regeneration will be a priority. Consequently, the empirical study focused on exploring this role of waterfront development by means of two international case studies (Baltimore Inner Harbour, Toronto Harbour Front) and two national case studies (V& A Waterfront, Mossel Bay CBD and Port Precinct Plan). A qualitative approach was selected because it focuses on collecting and analysing information in as many forms as possible. Furthermore, a qualitative approach aims to achieve an in-depth understanding of the matter, which is important to allocate the role of waterfront development in urban regeneration. As the study focuses on understanding the role of waterfront development as part of urban regeneration within cities, it explores the methodological framework of case studies. The case study approach involves one or more circumstances within a bounded system. As some of the case studies can be irrelevant to a study, the qualitative approach was appropriate for this study, because it focuses on eliminating unwanted case studies. This is importantto ensure that case studies do not influence the result. To ensure that the relevant information is selected, the multiple case study design was used. The study concludes that waterfront development has three primary roles in urban regeneration and that these roles have evolved over time. In conclusion, the role of waterfront development is not only economically motivated, but also environmentally and socially significant. / MSc (Urban and Regional Planning), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Le talc naturel est utilisé en tant que charge de haute performance des matrices polymères, car il permet d'améliorer leurs propriétés mécaniques. Pour cela, la dispersion de la charge dans la matrice doit être de qualité, ce qui implique que les particules soient nanométriques. Or, obtenir des particules nanométriques par broyage s'avère coûteux énergétiquement et économiquement. L'étude d'une opération de précipitation a conduit à la synthèse de silicate de magnésium amorphe constitué de particules primaires nanométriques. L'analyse de surface du solide par chromatographie gazeuse inverse a été employée afin de prédire les interactions entre le solide et la matrice polymère. La constante d'équilibre du solide amorphe et les vitesses de cristallisation ont pu être identifiées après modélisation des équilibres chimiques. / Natural talc is used as an high performance filler in polymer matrices because it enables to improve mechanical properties. In order to improve these properties, a good-quality dispersion of the filler in the polymer matrix is necessary, that involves particles being nano-sized. However, getting nano-sized particles by milling processes is expensive and very energetic. The study of a precipitation operation has led to the synthesis of amorphous magnesium silicate whose primary particles are nano-sized. Solid surface analysis by inverse gas chromatography has been made in order to predict interactions between solid and polymer matrix. Equilibrium constant of amorphous solid and crystallization rates have been identified after modelling of chemical equilibria.

Apesar de ser utilizado na indústria de Fosfato Bicácico (DCP) há vários anos, a microgranulação a partir de misturados horizontais de alto cisalhamento possui fundamentos pouco conhecidos, de maneira que as operações das unidades industriais sejam baseadas em conhecimentos empíricos. Este trabalho busca determinar os mecanismos de granulação associados com o processo de microgranulação de DCP e o perfil de crescimento dos grãos em função dos seguintes parâmetros operacionais: a quantidade de fase líquida, acidez do meio reacional e a velocidade de rotação do eixo central do granulador. Após a análise estatística de dados coletados a partir de um ano de operação em uma unidade industrial, conclui-se que a aglomeração do DCP em ambientes com alta umidade geram preferencialmente partículas grosseiras, que não contribuem para o aumento da eficiência de granulação. O processo de microgranulação de DCP deve ser controlado em uma estreita faixa de condições operacionais, balanceando a quantidade de fase líquida adicionada e a taxa de reciclo de material seco praticada. A redução na umidade de operação, aumenta a qualidade granulométrica do material produzido por este processo. / Despite being used by the Dicalcium Phosphate (DCP) Industry for many years, the fundaments of high shear horizontal mixer microgranulation are poorly known, so the industrial operations are based on empirical knowledge. The goal of this work was to determine the granulation mechanisms associated with the DCP microgranulation process and the particle size enlargement pattern, according with the following operational parameters: the amount of liquid phase, reaction media acidity and the mixer paddles` rotational speed. After statistically analysing one year operational data collected from an industrial facility, it was concluded that the agglomeration of DCP at a high moisture environment promotes preferable formation of coarse particles, which dont increase the overall granulation efficiency. The DCP microgranulated process has to be controlled in very narrow operational condition, balancing the liquid phase and the recycle material returned during the granulation process. The reduction of the process moisture increased the quality of physical quality of the material produced by this process route.

As pequenas aglomerações urbanas, nos estudos sobre cidades, na Geografia, durante longo tempo, estiveram relegadas a um plano inferior de relevância em relação à pesquisa da metrópole e do entorno metropolitano. Algumas análises encontram a essência da pequena a partir de estudos da economia regional, sendo que, apenas nas últimas décadas, alguns grupos de pesquisas, relacionados à Geografia Urbana ou aos estudos regionais, incorporaram a análise da pequena para a compreensão da rede urbana. Nossa discussão, a partir do caso de Caarapó (pequena cidade localizada a Sul do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul) buscou analisar os sentidos históricos da formação do aglomerado, seus modos de vida, em se ressaltou a recente expansão da industrialização da agricultura e as alterações nos modos de vida tradicionais. Para a efetivação dessa pesquisa, coletamos muitas informações a campo para a compreensão da história da cidade e da importância do campo para a cidade e vice-versa. Na investigação a campo, alcançamos o entendimento de que a cidade desempenha importante significado para o campo, especialmente para a agricultura camponesa, na comercialização de insumos, serviços ou mesmo no comércio varejista. Também o campo congrega a possibilidade de reprodução de muitas atividades urbanas, especialmente no setor terciário, sendo perceptíveis seus reflexos, tanto em termos de desenvolvimento econômico quanto pelas crises impactando as atividades urbanas. No caso da cidade de Caarapó, ficara marcada a presença do campo na cidade. Muitas áreas urbanas, ainda, se colocam para atividades agrárias, onde existem pequenas chácaras dentro da cidade inclusive. Os modos de vida dos moradores que, no início, se mantinham mais fechados e vinculados ao campo vêm passando por transformações, como na ideologia da industrialização do campo com significado na cidade, impactando, por exemplo, a expansão imobiliária acompanhada pela especulação, em alterações das paisagens urbanas e no uso dos equipamentos coletivos. / Small urban agglomerations in studies on cities in the Geography area have long been relegated to a lower level plan of relevance in relation to the research of the metropolis and to metropolitan environment. Some analyses find the essence of the small agglomeration based in studies of the regional economy. However, it was only in recent decades that some research groups related to Urban Geography or related to regional studies incorporated an analysis of small agglomeration to the understanding of the urban network. As far as the case of Caarapó (a small town in the South of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul) is concerned, our discussion aimed at analyzing the historical meanings of the cluster formation, their ways of life; hence, being possible to highlight the recent expansion of the industrialization of agriculture and amendments to the traditional ways of life. For the fulfillment of this research, we collected a great amount of field information so as to understand the history of the town, and the importance of the countryside for the town and vice versa. In the field research, we reached the understanding that the city has an important role in the countryside, particularly in the peasant agriculture inputs, in the trading of inputs, services, or even in retail trade. The field embraces the possibility of reproducing many urban activities, especially in the tertiary sector in which their reflexes are noticeable, both in terms of economic development and the urban crisis that impact on the activities. In the case of the town of Caarapó, there will always be the marked presence of the countryside in the town. Many urban areas still arise for agrarian activities, where there are small farms within the city. The ways of life of the dwellers, which in the beginning remained more closed and bound to the field, have been undergoing transformations, like in the ideology of industrialization of the field with a meaning in the city, and impacting, for example, on the real state expansion followed by speculation on changes of urban landscapes and on the use of collective equipment.

O estado de São Paulo produz cerca de 58.700 t/dia de resíduos dividido pelos seus 645 municípios nas vizinhanças de aproximadamente 170 usinas de açúcar e álcool. Diante deste fato, é evidente o potencial para se fazer o uso consorciado destes dois combustíveis na geração de energia. Este trabalho investigou os possíveis efeitos deletérios que a presença de cloro, flúor, sódio e potássio possam trazer nas caldeiras voltadas para a produção de energia elétrica, utilizando bagaço de cana e combustível derivado de resíduo (CDR). Foi realizada uma busca criteriosa na literatura internacional a fim de possíveis efeitos deletérios em caldeiras de biomassa para a produção de energia em razão do uso consorciado de resíduo, no aspecto da integridade da caldeira, principalmente no papel desempenhado pelos elementos, cloro, flúor, sódio e potássio, e em seguida uma análise criteriosa dos resultados encontrados. Esta análise foi realizada através de um estudo de caso, considerando uma caldeira de leito fluidizado borbulhante (BFB) de 60MW, queimando bagaço e parte do resíduo de uma cidade de 600.000 habitantes. Verificou-se que o resíduo que a cidade produz pode ser transformado em CDR que irá alimentar a caldeira como combustível auxiliar, produzindo energia elétrica de forma limpa e sustentável. Um parâmetro utilizado para se definir a quantidade máxima de CDR queimada na caldeira, foi o cloro específico, calculado pela razão entre o teor de cloro e o poder calorífico inferior (PCI) do combustível. Com base na literatura encontrada, limitou-se o cloro específico em 40 mg/MJ, para que não haja danos a integridade do equipamento. A combustão consorciada de bagaço de cana e CDR pode ser uma alternativa para o estado de São Paulo reduzir o problema da falta de aterros para descarte de resíduos e uma possibilidade para as usinas de açúcar e álcool produzirem energia elétrica por um período mais extenso no ano, economizando bagaço de cana. / The state of São Paulo produces about 58,700 tons/day waste divided by its 645 municipalities in the vicinity of about 170 sugar and alcohol mills. Given this fact, the potential is evident to make the consortium use of these two fuels in power generation. This paper investigated the potential deleterious effects that the presence of chlorine, fluoride, sodium and potassium can bring the boilers focused on the production of electric power using bagasse and refuse derived fuel (RDF). A thorough search in the international literature with the view to possible deleterious effects on biomass boilers for power generation because of consortium use of residue in the boiler integrity aspect, particularly the role played by the elements chlorine, fluorine, sodium and potassium, and then a careful analysis of the results. This analysis was conducted through a case study, considering a bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) boiler of 60 MW, burning bagasse and part of the residue of a city of 600,000 inhabitants. It was found that the residue that the city produces can be turned into RDF which will feed the boiler as an auxiliary fuel, producing electricity in a clean and sustainable manner. A parameter used to set the maximum amount of burned RDF in the boiler, was the specific chlorine, measured by the ratio between the chlorine content and the lower heating value (LHV) of the fuel. Based on the literature found, the specific chlorine was limited to 40 mg/MJ, so there is no damage to the integrity of the equipment. The consortium combustion of bagasse and RDF can be an alternative to the state of São Paulo reduce the problem of landfills for waste disposal and a possibility for the sugar and alcohol mills producing electric power for a longer period in the year, saving bagasse.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:52:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andre Leme da Silva Fleury Bonini.pdf: 1242460 bytes, checksum: 488c23820ad95328d64109fa8e4c21e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-04 / The globalization of capital and the process of globalization are largely responsible for increasing competitiveness. On one hand, firms strategically seeking the best location to optimize the costs of production and distribution, on the other, local governments compete to create the most appropriate basket of opportunity to postulate the attraction of new private businesses. Under the vision of the New Economic Geography (NEG), this paper measures the indicators of geographical concentration maps and the spatial location of where they are established major industrial clusters of the State of São Paulo. Also investigates what are the positive externalities, or centripetal forces that lead to agglomeration of activities, and the negative externalities, or centrifugal forces, which lead to spreading of investments. To this end, this research presents estimates cross section, which incorporates the contributions of theories of endogenous growth. The model is evaluated empirically through several variables by means of an application to the cities of São Paulo in 2010. The main results show that the number of industries and the population with at least upper level of completed graduation, positively influence the agglomeration. Have the greater the distance of the town to the capital, the less likely the occurrence of agglomeration. The conclusion we reached is that the municipal level, the agglomeration of industries is a sufficient condition for attracting new businesses and is consistent with the clusters theory proposed by Krugman (1997), while in micorregion level demonstrate the relevance of skilled human capital as a determining factor in the location of industries, supporting ideas by Porter (1989). We recommend that municipalities acting cooperatively, can outperform the indicators that determine the formation of the industrial GDP and thus become more attractive for private investment, contributing to an environment where companies create competitive advantages. Evident the need for efforts to ensure that municipalities think of public policies together with the governments of region; and, with State aid, can improve the indicators presented, creating development poles that resonates in improvements in quality of life for society / A mundialização do capital e o processo da globalização são os grandes responsáveis pelo o aumento da competitividade. Se por um lado, as empresas buscam estrategicamente a melhor localização para otimizar os custos de produção e de distribuição, por outro, os governos locais competem entre si para criar a cesta de oportunidade mais adequada para postular a atração de novos negócios privados. Sob a visão da Nova Geografia Econômica (NGE), pesquisamos quais são as externalidades positivas, ou forças centrípetas, que levam à aglomeração das atividades, e as externalidades negativas, ou forças centrífugas, que levam a dispersão dos investimentos. Para este fim, apresentamos estimativas cross section avaliadas empiricamente através de diversas variáveis por meio de uma aplicação para as cidades e microrregiões paulistas no ano de 2010. Os principais resultados mostram que o número de indústrias do setor de transformação e a população com pelo menos o nível superior de graduação concluído, influenciam positivamente a aglomeração. Já quanto maior a distância da localidade até a capital, menores são as chances da ocorrência da aglomeração. A conclusão que chegamos é que ao nível municipal, a simples aglomeração de indústrias é condição suficiente para a atração de novas empresas e condiz com a teoria dos benefícios dos clusters proposta por Krugman (1997), ao passo que no nível micorregional demonstramos a relevância do capital humano qualificado como fator de determinante na localização de indústrias, corroborando as ideias de Porter (1989). Sugerimos que os municípios agindo cooperativamente em suas microrregiões, podem apresentar melhor desempenho dos indicadores que determinam a formação do PIB industrial e desta forma se tornam mais atrativos ao investimento privado, contribuindo com um ambiente onde as empresas criam suas vantagens competitivas. Evidenciamos a necessidade de esforços para que municípios pensem em políticas públicas em conjunto com os governos da microrregião; e, com a ajuda estatal, consigam melhorar os indicadores apresentados, criando polos de desenvolvimento que ressoe em melhorias na qualidade de vida para a sociedade