Global ETD Search

171	Fundamenta??o cin?tica da estat?stica n?o gaussiana : efeitos em politr?picas Bento, Eli?ngela Paulino 19 September 2011 (has links) Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-03T15:15:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EliangelaPB_DISSERT.pdf: 614353 bytes, checksum: 050737d0ef158e6082d81254619adac0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-19 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Considering a non-relativistic ideal gas, the standard foundations of kinetic theory are investigated in the context of non-gaussian statistical mechanics introduced by Kaniadakis. The new formalism is based on the generalization of the Boltzmann H-theorem and the deduction of Maxwells statistical distribution. The calculated power law distribution is parameterized through a parameter measuring the degree of non-gaussianity. In the limit = 0, the theory of gaussian Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution is recovered. Two physical applications of the non-gaussian effects have been considered. The first one, the -Doppler broadening of spectral lines from an excited gas is obtained from analytical expressions. The second one, a mathematical relationship between the entropic index and the stellar polytropic index is shown by using the thermodynamic formulation for self-gravitational systems / Considerando um g?s ideal n?o relativ?stico, os fundamentos da teoria cin?tica padr?o s?o investigados no contexto da mec?nica estat?stica n?o-gaussiana introduzida por Kaniadakis. O novo formalismo ? baseado na generaliza??o do teorema-H de Boltzmann e na dedu??o de Maxwell da distribui??o estat?stica. A distribui??o lei de pot?ncia calculada ? parametrizada por um par?metro medindo o grau de n?o-gaussianidade do sistema. No limite = 0, a teoria gaussiana de Maxwell-Boltzmann ? recuperada. Duas aplica??es dos efeitos n?o-gaussiano s?o estudados. Na primeira, o -alargamento Doppler das linhas espectrais de um g?s excitado ? obtido a partir das express?es anal?ticas. Na segunda, uma rela??o matem?tica entre o ?ndice entr?pico e o ?ndice politr?pico estelar ? mostrada usando uma formula??o termodin?mica para sistemas autogravitantes Mec?nica estat?stica n?o-gaussiana Teorema-H de Boltzmann Distribui??o lei de pot?ncia Non-gaussian statistical mechanics Boltzmann s H theorem Power law distribution CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::FISICA
172	Dynamic Programming Algorithms for Semantic Dependency Parsing / Algoritmer för semantisk dependensparsning baserade på dynamisk programmering Axelsson, Nils January 2017 (has links) Dependency parsing can be a useful tool to allow computers to parse text. In 2015, Kuhlmann and Jonsson proposed a logical deduction system that parsed to non-crossing dependency graphs with an asymptotic time complexity of O(n3), where “n” is the length of the sentence to parse. This thesis extends the deduction system by Kuhlmann and Jonsson; the extended deduction system introduces certain crossing edges, while maintaining an asymptotic time complexity of O(n4). In order to extend the deduction system by Kuhlmann and Jonsson, fifteen logical item types are added to the five proposed by Kuhlmann and Jonsson. These item types allow the deduction system to intro-duce crossing edges while acyclicity can be guaranteed. The number of inference rules in the deduction system is increased from the 19 proposed by Kuhlmann and Jonsson to 172, mainly because of the larger number of combinations of the 20 item types. The results are a modest increase in coverage on test data (by roughly 10% absolutely, i.e. approx. from 70% to 80%), and a comparable placement to that of Kuhlmann and Jonsson by the SemEval 2015 task 18 metrics. By the method employed to introduce crossing edges, derivational uniqueness is impossible to maintain. It is hard to defien the graph class to which the extended algorithm, QAC, parses, and it is therefore empirically compared to 1-endpoint crossing and graphs with a page number of two or less, compared to which it achieves lower coverage on test data. The QAC graph class is not limited by page number or crossings. The takeaway of the thesis is that extending a very minimal deduction system is not necessarily the best approach, and that it may be better to start off with a strong idea of to which graph class the extended algorithm should parse. Additionally, several alternative ways of extending Kuhlmann and Jonsson are proposed. / Dependensparsning kan vara ett användbart verktyg för att få datorer att kunna läsa text. Kuhlmann och Jonsson kom 2015 fram till ett logiskt deduktionssystem som kan parsa till ickekorsande grafer med en asymptotisk tidskomplexitet O(n3), där "n" är meningens som parsas längd. Detta arbete utökar Kuhlmann och Jonssons deduktionssystem så att det kan introducera vissa korsande bågar, medan en asymptotisk tidskomplexitet O(n4) uppnås. För att tillåta deduktionssystemet att introducera korsande bågar, introduceras 15 nya logiska delgrafstyper, eller item. Dessa item-typer tillåter deduktionssystemet att introducera korsande bågar på ett sådant sätt att acyklicitet bibehålls. Antalet logiska inferensregler tags från Kuhlmanns och Jonssons 19 till 172, på grund av den större mängden kombinationer av de nu 20 item-typerna. Resultatet är en mindre ökning av täckning på testdata (ungefär 10 procentenheter, d v s från cirka 70% till 80%), och jämförbar placering med Kuhlmann och Jonsson enligt måtten från uppgift 18 från SemEval 2015. Härledningsunikhet kan inte garanteras på grund av hur bågar introduceras i det nya deduktionssystemet. Den utökade algoritmen, QAC, parsar till en svårdefinierad grafklass, som jämförs empiriskt med 1-endpoint-crossing-grafer och grafer med pagenumber 2 eller mindre. QAC:s grafklass har lägre täckning än båda dessa, och har ingen högre gräns i pagenumber eller antal korsningar. Slutsatsen är att det inte nödvändigtvis är optimalt att utöka ett mycket minimalt och specifikt deduktionssystem, och att det kan vara bättre att inleda processen med en specifik grafklass i åtanke. Dessutom föreslås flera alternativa metoder för att utöka Kuhlmann och Jonsson. semantic dependency parsing machine learning parsing logic deduction system crossing edges SemEval coverage crossing arcs graph graph class non-crossing QAC quartic acyclic semantisk dependensparsning maskininlärning parsning logik deduktionssystem korsande bågar SemEval täckning korsande kanter graf grafklass ickekorsande QAC kvartiskt acykliskt
173	Provably Sound and Secure Automatic Proving and Generation of Verification Conditions / Tillförlitligt sund och säker automatisk generering och bevisning av verifieringsvillkor Lundberg, Didrik January 2018 (has links) Formal verification of programs can be done with the aid of an interactive theorem prover. The program to be verified is represented in an intermediate language representation inside the interactive theorem prover, after which statements and their proofs can be constructed. This is a process that can be automated to a high degree. This thesis presents a proof procedure to efficiently generate a theorem stating the weakest precondition for a program to terminate successfully in a state upon which a certain postcondition is placed. Specifically, the Poly/ML implementation of the SML metalanguage is used to generate a theorem in the HOL4 interactive theorem prover regarding the properties of a program written in BIR, an abstract intermediate representation of machine code used in the PROSPER project. / Bevis av säkerhetsegenskaper hos program genom formell verifiering kan göras med hjälp av interaktiva teorembevisare. Det program som skall verifieras representeras i en mellanliggande språkrepresentation inuti den interaktiva teorembevisaren, varefter påståenden kan konstrueras, som sedan bevisas. Detta är en process som kan automatiseras i hög grad. Här presenterar vi en metod för att effektivt skapa och bevisa ett teorem som visar sundheten hos den svagaste förutsättningen för att ett program avslutas framgångsrikt under ett givet postvillkor. Specifikt använder vi Poly/ML-implementationen av SML för att generera ett teorem i den interaktiva teorembevisaren HOL4 som beskriver egenskaper hos ett program i BIR, en abstrakt mellanrepresentation av maskinkod som används i PROSPER-projektet. HOL4 HOL Higher-order logic SML Poly/ML Formal methods Axiomatic semantics Formal verification Static verification Program verification Hoare logic Floyd-Hoare logic ITP Interactive theorem prover Theorem prover Proof assistant BIR Automated theorem proving ATP Automated deduction Computer-assisted proof Automated reasoning Computer Sciences Datavetenskap (datalogi) Software Engineering Programvaruteknik
174	An Active Domain Node Architecture for the Semantic Web / Eine Knotenarchitektur mit aktivem Verhalten für das Semantic Web Schenk, Franz 21 November 2008 (has links) No description available. 004 Informatik Mathematics and Computer Science Wissensmanagement OWL Semantic Web Beschreibungslogik Hybrides automatisches Beweisen Semantic Web Event-Driven Architecture OWL Active Knowledge Base Intensional Updates Hybrid Reasoning Description Logic F-Logic 54.64 54.71 54.72
175	Towards a New Currency of Economic Criticism Douglas, Jason G. 09 July 2008 (has links) (PDF) “The Purloined Letter,” Edgar Allan Poe's third and final tale featuring the detective Dupin, has evoked a long history of critical response. Criticism has tended to read the text for its role in the development of detective fiction and as illustrative of various theoretical positions. However, the implications of the “The Purloined Letter,” as a tale of ratiocination, has largely been left unexplored. “The Purloined Letter” explores logical processes of value and exchange, particularly economic exchange, in a manner very similar to what Charles Sanders Peirce will call pragmatism several decades later. Dupin's deductive methods and Peirce's abductive logic express the nature of objects in terms of social systems of preference and perception rather metaphysics. Peirce's classification of signs as icon, index, or symbol provides a framework of signification which can be read in conjunction with “The Purloined Letter” to flesh out the role of materiality and value in the theory of economic criticism. Reading value and exchange as part of a social system of signs, perceptions, and representations of value will serve to expose a penchant for material fetishism in economic criticism and provide a theory of currency, value, and exchange that contextualizes representational and material notions of value within the social and economic system that provides the processes and mechanisms of value determination. The way that the Prefect, the Minister D___, and Dupin each conceptualize the purloined letter as having a different representational relationship with value can be used to demonstrate Poe's abductive framework for economy. Edgar Allan Poe Poe The Purloined Letter purloined letter commodity fethish fetishism currency commodity value representational value money C.S. Peirce Charles Sanders Peirce value theory currency theory gold currency paper currency signification monetary gold standard abductive logic abduction pragmatism pragmatic material value reward economic criticism economy economic theory modern economic theory metaphysics deduction detective MacGuffin Dupin The Purloined Poe economy of literature Seminar on the Purloined Letter the Purveyor of Truth exchange valuation preference perception social networks value logical process ratiocination semiotic English Language and Literature
176	A hidden life : how EAS (Era Appropriate Science) and professional investigators are marginalised in detective and historical detective fiction Dormer, Mia Emilie January 2017 (has links) This by-practice project is the first to provide an extensive investigation of the marginalisation of era appropriate science (EAS) and professional investigators by detective and historical detective fiction authors. The purpose of the thesis is to analyse specific detective fiction authors from the earliest formats of the nineteenth century through to the 1990s and contemporary, selected historical detective fiction authors. Its aim is to examine the creation, development and perpetuation of the marginalisation tradition. This generic trend can be read as the authors privileging their detective’s innate skillset, metonymic connectivity and deductive abilities, while underplaying and belittling EAS and professional investigators. Chapter One establishes the project’s critique of the generic trend by considering parental authors, E. T. A Hoffmann, Edgar Allan Poe, Émile Gaboriau and Wilkie Collins. Reading how these authors instigated and purposed the downplaying demonstrates its founding within detective fiction at the earliest point. By comparing how the authors sidelined and omitted specific EAS and professional investigators, alongside science available at the time, this thesis provides a framework for examining how it continued in detective fiction. In following chapters, the framework established in Chapter One and the theoretical views of Charles Rzepka, Lee Horsley, Stephen Knight and Martin Priestman, are used to discuss how minimising EAS and professional investigators developed into a tradition; and became a generic trend in the recognised detective fiction formula that was used by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Freeman Wills Crofts, H. C. Bailey, R. Austin Freeman, Agatha Christie, Ruth Rendell and P. D. James. I then examine how the device transferred to historical detective fiction, using the framework to consider Ellis Peters, Umberto Eco and other selected contemporary authors of historical detective fiction. Throughout, the critical aspect considers how the trivialisation developed and perpetuated through a generic trend. The research concludes that there is a trend embedded within detective and historical detective fiction. One that was created, developed and perpetuated by authors to augment their fictional detective’s innate skillset and to help produce narratives using it is a creative process. It further concludes that the trend can be reimagined to plausibly use EAS and professional investigators in detective and historical detective fiction. The aim of the creative aspect of the project is to employ the research and demonstrate how the tradition can be successfully reinterpreted. To do so, the historical detective fiction novel A Hidden Life uses traditional features of the detective fiction formula to support and strengthen plausible EAS and professional investigators within the narrative. The end result is a historical detective fiction novel. One that proves the thesis conclusion and is fundamentally crafted by the critical research.

Page generated in 0.1852 seconds