As condições do setor eólico internacional em crise e a subsequente instalação de fornecedores no Brasil tem auxiliado no aumento de instalações de Centrais de Geração Eólica (CGE) no Brasil. A quantidade de projetos de detalhamento e implantação de centros geradores de energia eólica cresceram na mesma proporção. Os projetos dos parques eólicos no Brasil são concebidos, projetados, detalhados e implantados por um conjunto de profissionais de diferentes disciplinas e especialidades que, a partir de informações de referência e delimitações do escopo de trabalho, realizam suas atribuições em momentos distintos dentro do ciclo de implantação de um CGE. Durante a concepção, são considerados parâmetros, tais como interferências físicas, especificação de equipamento, estudos básicos, análise da distribuição, transmissão de energia e capacidades de geração de energia elétrica. Durante toda a fase de desenvolvimento do projeto, um dos principais pontos de atenção são as análises de risco do projeto que avalia o andamento do projeto e visa reduzir os riscos de fracasso da empreitada. Caso estes índices sinalizem problemas ou barreiras intransponíveis, as atividades de detalhamento do projeto eólico devem ser interrompidas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver uma metodologia que auxilie na análise de riscos de projetos de detalhamento eólico. Esta metodologia auxiliará profissionais menos experientes ou que não atuem no mercado eólico e precisam de subsídios técnicos para elaborar relatórios aos responsáveis pelo planejamento estratégico de futuros empreendimentos eólico. / The crisis of the international wind industry and the subsequent installation of suppliers in Brazil has helped in the increase of the central premises of wind generation (CGE) in Brazil. The amount of detailing projects and deployment of wind energy generating centers grew in proportion. The wind farms projects in Brazil are designed, engineered, detailed and implemented by a group of professionals from different disciplines and specialties, that perform their duties at different times within the cycle development of a CGE using different reference informations and delimitations of scope of work. During design, are considered parameters such as physical interference, equipment specification, basic studies, analysis of the distribution, power transmission and generation capacity of electricity. Throughout the development phase of a project, one of the main points of attention is the project risk analysis that evaluates the progress of the project and aims to reduce the risk of failure of the venture. If these indices to signal problems or insurmountable barriers, detailing the activities of the wind project should be stopped. This work aims to develop a methodology that assists in the analysis of wind power detailed project risks. This methodology will assist less experienced professionals or professionals that are not used to work in the wind energy power market and need more information for reporting technical issues to those responsible for strategic planning of future wind projects.

As condições do setor eólico internacional em crise e a subsequente instalação de fornecedores no Brasil tem auxiliado no aumento de instalações de Centrais de Geração Eólica (CGE) no Brasil. A quantidade de projetos de detalhamento e implantação de centros geradores de energia eólica cresceram na mesma proporção. Os projetos dos parques eólicos no Brasil são concebidos, projetados, detalhados e implantados por um conjunto de profissionais de diferentes disciplinas e especialidades que, a partir de informações de referência e delimitações do escopo de trabalho, realizam suas atribuições em momentos distintos dentro do ciclo de implantação de um CGE. Durante a concepção, são considerados parâmetros, tais como interferências físicas, especificação de equipamento, estudos básicos, análise da distribuição, transmissão de energia e capacidades de geração de energia elétrica. Durante toda a fase de desenvolvimento do projeto, um dos principais pontos de atenção são as análises de risco do projeto que avalia o andamento do projeto e visa reduzir os riscos de fracasso da empreitada. Caso estes índices sinalizem problemas ou barreiras intransponíveis, as atividades de detalhamento do projeto eólico devem ser interrompidas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver uma metodologia que auxilie na análise de riscos de projetos de detalhamento eólico. Esta metodologia auxiliará profissionais menos experientes ou que não atuem no mercado eólico e precisam de subsídios técnicos para elaborar relatórios aos responsáveis pelo planejamento estratégico de futuros empreendimentos eólico. / The crisis of the international wind industry and the subsequent installation of suppliers in Brazil has helped in the increase of the central premises of wind generation (CGE) in Brazil. The amount of detailing projects and deployment of wind energy generating centers grew in proportion. The wind farms projects in Brazil are designed, engineered, detailed and implemented by a group of professionals from different disciplines and specialties, that perform their duties at different times within the cycle development of a CGE using different reference informations and delimitations of scope of work. During design, are considered parameters such as physical interference, equipment specification, basic studies, analysis of the distribution, power transmission and generation capacity of electricity. Throughout the development phase of a project, one of the main points of attention is the project risk analysis that evaluates the progress of the project and aims to reduce the risk of failure of the venture. If these indices to signal problems or insurmountable barriers, detailing the activities of the wind project should be stopped. This work aims to develop a methodology that assists in the analysis of wind power detailed project risks. This methodology will assist less experienced professionals or professionals that are not used to work in the wind energy power market and need more information for reporting technical issues to those responsible for strategic planning of future wind projects.

Curved and skewed I-girder bridges exhibit torsional displacements of the individual girders and of the overall bridge cross-section under dead loads. As a result, the girder webs can be plumb in only one configuration. If the structure is built such that the webs are plumb in the ideal no-load position, they generally cannot be plumb under the action of the structure's steel or total dead load; hence, twisting of the girders is unavoidable under dead loads. The deflected geometry resulting from these torsional displacements can impact the fit-up of the members, the erection requirements (crane positions and capacities, the number of temporary supports, tie down requirements, etc.), the bearing cost and type, and the overall strength of the structure. Furthermore, significant layover may be visually objectionable, particularly at piers and abutments. If the torsional deflections are large enough, then the cross-frames are typically detailed to compensate for them, either partially or fully. As specified in Article C6.7.2 of the AASHTO LRFD Specifications, different types of cross-frame detailing methods are used to achieve theoretically plumb webs under the no-load, steel dead load, or total dead load conditions. Each of the cross-frame detailing methods has ramifications on the behavior and constructability of a bridge. Currently, there is much confusion and divergence of opinion in the bridge industry regarding the stage at which steel I girder webs should be ideally plumb and the consequences of out-of-plumbness at other stages. Furthermore, concerns are often raised about potential fit-up problems during steel erection as well as the control of the final deck geometry (e.g., cross-slopes and joint alignment). These influences and ramifications of cross-frame detailing need to be investigated and explained so that resulting field problems leading to needless construction delays and legal claims can be avoided. This dissertation addresses the influence of cross-frame detailing on curved and/or skewed steel I girder bridges during steel erection and concrete deck placement by conducting comprehensive analytical studies. Procedures to determine the lack-of-fit forces due to dead load fit (DLF) detailing are developed to assess the impact of different types of cross-frame detailing. The studies include benchmarking of refined analytical models against selected full scale experimental tests and field measurements. These analytical models are then utilized to study a variety of practical combinations and permutations of bridge parameters pertaining to horizontal curvature and skew effects. This research develops and clarifies procedures and provides new knowledge with respect to the impact of cross-frame detailing methods on: 1) constructed bridge geometries, 2) cross-frame forces, 3) girder stresses, 4) system strengths, 5) potential uplift at bearings, and 6) fit-up during erection. These developments provide the basis for the development of refined guidelines for: 1) practices to alleviate fit-up difficulties during erection, 2) selection of cross-frame detailing methods as a function of I-girder bridge geometry characteristics, and 3) procedures to calculate the locked-in forces due to DLF cross-frame detailing.

In my encounter of Peter Zumthor’s Seniors’ Home and Kolumba Museum, I found architecture to affect well-being within the daily course of life. I saw the Seniors' Home contribute to the dwelling of the entire being of the elderly residents within the challenging yet hopeful season of life they face in aging, while at Kolumba Museum I encountered an experience of aesthetic embodying meaningful knowledge that addressed not only my mind but also my heart. Centered on the inherent operative dimensions of aesthetic at these two buildings—as an intervention, as a material reality, as an image, and as something we are positioned in and move in—and deepened by aesthetic philosophy and spiritual readings, I seek for an awareness of the way architectural decisions influence the human journey through space and time, and for principles and considerations that supplied and realized this architecture to be vitally contributive. The thesis is a meditation on the vitality of the medium, searching for a relevance that can justify architecture not as mere shelter that barely satisfies nor as inessential excess, but as an efficacious act that can satisfy the human being who encounters it and truly improve well-being in its existing. The thesis posits that architecture is fundamentally a craft and an act of giving a gift to the other. Its created existence in space and time is capable of producing lasting good in the world, if the design of architecture, through love, is primarily concerned about its affect on the other and the world rather than its object.

High-strength steel (HSS) conforming to ASTM A1035 is becoming increasingly used in various structural applications, including in high-rise buildings and bridges. Due to their chemistry and manufacturing process, ASTM A1035 steel bars result in a combination of high tensile strength to yield ratio and varying levels of corrosion resistance. One potential application of ASTM A1035 bars is in the blast-resistant design of concrete structures, where their use can allow for reduced steel congestion, and increased blast resistance. Despite their high initial cost, stainless steel (SS) reinforcing bars are also seeing increased use in concrete construction. Solid stainless steel bars are referenced in ASTM A955, which is applicable to various stainless steel alloys. In addition to their inherent corrosion resistance, most stainless steel bars possess greater tensile strength, and importantly, exceptional ductility, when compared to ordinary steel reinforcement. This unique combination of strength and ductility makes SS bars well-suited for blast design applications. The overarching aim of this thesis is to gain better understanding of the blast behavior of RC flexural members designed with high-strength (HSS) and stainless steel (SS) reinforcement. This objective is achieved through a combined experimental and numerical research program. As part of the experimental research, a large set of beams, subdivided into three series, are tested under either quasi-static bending or simulated blast loads using the University of Ottawa shock-tube. Series 1 (HSC-HSS) and Series 2 (HSC-SS) aim at examining the effects of blast detailing (as recommended in modern blast codes,) on the quasi-static, blast and post-blast behaviour of high-strength concrete (HSC) beams reinforced with either ASTM A1035 high-strength bars (8 beams) or ASTM A955 stainless steel bars (16 beams). In addition to the influence of detailing, the effects of steel grade/type, steel ratio and steel fibers are also studied. Series 3 further studies the benefits of combining higher grade or higher ductility reinforcement, with more advanced ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). This series includes 20 UHPC beams built with either ordinary, HSS or SS reinforcing bars (UHPC-NSS, UHPC-HSS and UHPC-SS). In addition to the effect of steel grade/type, concrete type, steel ratio and steel detailing are also studied. The results from Series 1 and 2 demonstrate the benefits of implementing high-strength and stainless steel reinforcement in HSC beams subjected to blast loads, where their use leads to increased blast capacity, reduced support rotations, and higher damage tolerance. The results further demonstrate the benefits of “blast detailing” on the ductility and resilience of such beams, under both static and blast loads. The results also show that the use of steel fibers can be used to relax blast detailing in the beams with high-strength or stainless steel by increasing the required tie spacing from d/4 to d/2. The results from Series 3 confirm that the use of UHPC in beams enhances flexural response (in terms of strength and stiffness), which in turn results in superior blast resistance. Conversely, the high bond capacity of UHPC makes such beams more vulnerable to bar fracture. Increasing the steel ratio is found to effectively increase the failure displacement and ductility of the UHPC beams. The use of high-strength steel is found to increase load capacity and blast resistance, while the use of stainless steel results in remarkable ductility, which further enhances beam response under blast loading. As part of the numerical research program, the static and blast responses of the test beams are simulated using either 2D or 3D finite element (FE) modelling, using software VecTor2 and LS-DYNA. The numerical results show that the 2D FE modelling using software VecTor2 can provide reliable predictions of the static and blast responses of the HSS or SS reinforced HSC beams built with varying detailing, in terms of load-deflection response, cracking patterns, failure mode, displacement time histories and dynamic reactions. Likewise, the 3D FE modelling using software LS-DYNA with appropriate modelling of UHPC (using the Winfrith Concrete or CSCM models) can well predict the blast responses of UHPC beams with ordinary, high-strength and stainless steel, in terms of displacement/load-time histories, damage and failure modes.

<p>Please insert 2 pages into the main thesis - page 39 and page 40</p> <p>- 2 separate PDF attachments will be included plus the main thesis.</p> / <p><strong>Background:</strong></p> <p><strong> </strong> Academic detailing (AD) provides evidence-based education to healthcare professionals in their practice setting and has been found to improve knowledge and prescribing in many situations. Personalized academic detailing (PAD) is a new initiative by the Hamilton Family Health Team (FHT) in which pharmacists integrated within the FHT provide an AD service to prescribers in their office.</p> <p><strong>Objective: </strong></p> <p>To describe and determine the feasibility of a smoking cessation (SC) PAD program.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong></p> <p>Design: Descriptive retrospective cohort pilot project</p> <p>Setting: Primary Care Setting</p> <p>Participants: FHT pharmacists, physicians, nurse practitioners (NPs) and their patients</p> <p>Intervention:</p> <p>Pharmacists receive basic AD training and education (upskilling) on SC; and provide education to clinicians</p> <p><strong>Feasibility Criteria for success:</strong> <ol> <li>PAD coordinator time to train pharmacists <40 >hours</li> <li>Average time for upskilling <20 >hours</li> <li>Average time for PAD session are <60 minutes and><30 minutes for initial and follow-up>visits, respectively</li> <li>Percentage of clinicians detailed within 3 and 6 months are >50% and >70%, respectively</li> <li>Number of new SC referrals to the pharmacist at 3 and 6 months are >5 patients/1.0 full-time equivalent (FTE) pharmacist and >10 patients/1.0 FTE pharmacist, respectively.</li> </ol></p> <p><strong>Results:</strong></p> <p>Eight pharmacists (5.8 FTE) received basic AD training and upskilling on SC PAD. Consent was obtained from 48/54 (88.9%) physicians and 9/10 (90.0%) NPs.</p> <p>The PAD coordinator training time was 29.1 hours. The median time for upskilling was 3.1 hours. The median time for PAD session was 15 and 5 minutes for an initial visit and follow-up visit, respectively. The number of clinicians detailed within 3 and 6 months were 50/64 (78.1%) and 57/64 (89.1%), respectively. The number of new SC referrals at 3 and 6 months was 66 and 200 patients, respectively.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong></p> <p>This pilot study showed that the main study is feasible with respect to the management, resources, process and scientific components.</p> / Master of Science (MSc)

Pharmaceutical detailing is moving to online environments because they are believed to save money, time, and be more convenient. Recently there has also been an increase in e-detailing due to the circumstances around COVID-19 pandemic. In the available literature, the transition to e-detailing is mostly evaluated through efficiency markers, with less focus on broader social implications and the interactions between people involved. To fill this gap and promote development of human-centred e-detailing technologies, this paper explores detailing interactions and related concerns which can guide the development of relevant detailing technologies. The field research and participatory Magic Machine workshops helped reveal and shape concerns which have implications for the future of e-detailing. High-level recommendations were derived to inspire further research and development of lasting, user-centred solutions. Design fiction artifacts were created to convey the research findings as boundary objects between pharmaceutical industry and academia. / Läkemedelskonsulenter flyttar sin verksamhet alltmer till en digital miljö då det anses spara pengar, tid och ska vara mer bekvämt. Covid-19 pandemin har också bidragit till en ökning av användandet av digitala verktyg för läkemedelskonsulenter. Tillgängliga vetenskapliga artiklar inom ämnet som utvärderar digitaliseringen för läkemedelskonsulenter gör det framför allt genom att mäta hur effektivt det är, och inte så mycket på de sociala följderna samt hur det inverkar på interaktionen mellan de inblandade parterna. För att fylla denna kunskapslucka och för att främja en människocentrerad digitalisering för läkemedelskonsulenter utforskar denna masteruppsats interaktionerna och dess relaterade följder, vilket kan användas som vägledning i utveckling av relevanta teknologier för läkemedelskonsulenter. Fältarbete, och en workshop som använde metoden Magic Machine, hjälpte till att ta fram och klargöra de problem som kan ha en viktig inverkan på framtida digitalt läkemedelskonsulterande. Design rekommendationer togs fram för att inspirera kommande forskning och utveckling av hållbara, användarcentrerade lösningar. Den skapade spekulativa designen visar upp forskningsresultat och på ett sätt som kan vara till användning av läkemedelsindustrin och universiteten.

A disposição das armaduras nos elementos estruturais não influencia somente o comportamento do elemento estrutural, mas também a facilidade e viabilidade da sua execução na obra. O detalhamento do arranjo de armadura está diretamente ligado com a segurança da construção. Os textos que existem sobre técnica de armar se encontram dispersos, dificultando o acesso dos profissionais e estudantes de engenharia de estruturas. Este trabalho analisa os vários arranjos de armaduras propostos para lajes maciças e nervuradas, vigas e pilares procurando indicar o mais adequado de acordo com os critérios de economia, facilidade de execução e comportamento do elemento estrutural, quando possível. Para melhor ilustrar os arranjos de armaduras, é apresentado o dimensionamento de um edifício residencial de pequena altura, onde, podem ser observadas as rotinas de projeto adotadas, bem como os processos para o detalhamento das armaduras. Usaram-se o programa computacional elaborado por TQS Informática Ltda e também processo não computacional. Este programa para análise estrutural de edifícios apresenta boa interface com o usuário, proporcionando-lhe grande interesse e relativa facilidade de utilização. / The disposition of the reinforcement in the structural elements does not affect only the structural element behaviour, but also the facility and the viability of the building execution. The detailing of the reinforcement arrange is directly connected to the building safety. The existing texts about the technícs of reinforcing are spread in the literature of the structural engineering, making the access of the students and professionals to them difficult. The present work analyses the many different proposed arrangements of reinforcement for the slabs, joist floors, beams and columns, trying to indicate the most adequate one, according to the economic criteria, facility of execution, and the structural element behaviour, when possible. The design of a building of a short height is presented, as a way of better visualizing the reinforcement arrangements. In that example the adopted project routines could be observed, as well as the process of detailing the reinforcements. To reach this purpose, a software designed by TQS Informática Ltda was used, as well as a non-computer process. This software for the structural analysis of building presents a good interface with the users, providing them with great interest and relative facility of use.

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de transmitir aos Engenheiros de Estruturas o conhecimento teórico necessário para o dimensionamento e detalhamento de pilares usuais de edifícios em concreto armado. A definição das posições dos pilares em uma estrutura, bem como uma estimativa da seção transversal dos mesmos são abordadas neste trabalho. O estudo da estabilidade global, realizado no Capítulo 3, nos permite avaliar se os deslocamentos ocorridos na estrutura em função das ações horizontais e verticais, geram esforços de segunda ordem consideráveis ou não. A instabilidade de pilares será comentada no Capítulo 5, bem como os Métodos desenvolvidos para avaliar se um determinado pilar é estável ou instável. O detalhamento de pilares segundo as prescrições do Texto Base para a revisão da NBR - 6118/78, bem como o desenvolvimento de exemplos de dimensionamento de pilares estão contidos neste trabalho nos Capítulos 7 e 8, respectivamente. / The objective of this work is to transrnit to the structural engineers the necessary theoretical knowledge for the design and detail of usual columns in reinforced concrete buildings. The definition of the columns positions in the structure, as well as an estimate of their cross section will be explained in this work. The global stability study, described in chapter 3, allows us to evaluate whether the deformations ocurred in the structure due to horizontal and vertical actions, cause considerable second order strength or not. The columns instability will be commented in chapter 5, as well as the methods developed to evaluate whether a specific column is stable or instable. The columns detail as prescribed in the Basic Text for the Revision of NBR - 6118/78, and also the development of examples for columns design are in chapter 7 and 8, respectively.

Quality of a prescription drug is uncertain to patients, physicians and even the manufacturer of the drug. Because this uncertainty can deter physicians from prescribing the drug, it is important to investigate how various marketing communication activities help reveal the true quality of its product. In particular, this study investigates publicity and advertising under quality uncertainty. Chapter 1 studies the effect of publicity on consumer demand with a reduced form approach. Chapter 2 structurally investigates the roles of detailing and publicity when the information spill-over is present. Both chapters study the market of anti-cholesterol drugs (statins). Chapter 1 investigates the effects of publicity (media coverage) on consumer demand. The main obstacle to measuring the impact of publicity is that data on media coverage are difficult to interpret. To overcome this obstacle, we propose a new way to code information presented in news articles, mapping the information to a multi-dimensional attribute space. We combine our publicity data with data on sales, detailing, medical journal advertising, direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) and landmark clinical trial outcomes, and estimate a demand model. Our results suggest that not all forms of publicity are equal. In chapter 2, we study consumer learning about scientific evidence and its impact on demand for pharmaceutical products by using the Bayesian learning model. Unlike previous literature, our learning model allows consumer’s prior quality perceptions to be correlated across brands. This unique feature of the model allows us to investigate information spill-over effects across brands. The information spill-over allows late entrants to free-ride on first movers’ investment in clinical trials and marketing activities and to gain late mover advantage. In addition to using product level market share data, we supplement them with switching rates and discontinuing rates. The switching rate data are particularly useful for taking the presence of switching costs into consideration, which has been ignored in the literature using product-level data. Our estimated structural model has implications for managers in allocating resources to various types of marketing activities more efficiently and helps forecast returns of clinical trials that are sponsored by pharmaceutical firms.